2022年人教版中考英語總復習 第一部分教材知識梳理 八年級(上)Units 7-8

1、八年級（上）Units 7-8教材詞匯分層訓練爭重點單詞背記.paper 紙;紙張.future .將來;未來.planeta行星.earth九地球;世界.plant y.種植 .植物.part .部分;地區(qū);角色.sea九海;海洋. sky幾天空.space .太空;空間10.human adj.人的.人11 .already adv.已經;早已12.even。小甚至;連;愈加13.shape九外形;形狀14.side 一方（的意見、態(tài)度、立場）.during prep.在期間.holiday電假期;假日.word九單詞;詞.watermelon .西瓜.spoon幾勺;調羹.addu增加;

2、添加.sugar九食糖.com .玉米;谷物.machine .機器;機械裝置.hole孔洞;孔;坑25.sandwich .夾心面包片;三明治.piece .片;塊;段.autumn .秋天湫季.pie .果餡餅;果餡派29fli以使）充滿;裝滿.cover艮遮蓋;覆蓋.覆蓋物;蓋子.temperature .溫度汽溫;體溫爭重點單詞拓展.pollution .污染:污染物t Dollulc 污染一 polluted 力.被污染的.environment .環(huán)境一 environmental 4力.環(huán)境的.peace .和平:安靜一 peaceful adj.和平的;安寧的 peaceful

3、ly adu平靜地:和平地.build u建筑;建造-buill （過去式/過去分詞）一 building .建筑物.dangerous。4.有危險的;不安全的- danger n.危險t endanger y.危害;使遭受危險.factory n.JL） factories （復數(shù)形式）.Japan .日本 Japanese adi.日本的;日本人的;日語的.日本人;日語.believe u相信;認為有可能t believed （過去式/過去分詞）一believable adj.可相信的;可信任的t unbelievable （反義詞）的.難以置信的;不真實的t belief .相信;信心;

4、信念t disbelief兒不信懷 疑.agree u同意:贊成:應允t disagree （反義詞）u不同意:持不同意見:有分歧t agreement .同意:一 致.fall v.& .倒塌;跌倒;掉落江（美式）秋天fell （過去式）t fallen （過去分詞）t fallen 力.倒下 的;落下的nside adv.& prep.在里面t outside （反義詞）prep.在外面12.possible a力.可能的:可能存在或發(fā)生的t impossible （反義詞）。的.不可能的;不可能存在或發(fā)生的 t possibly adv.可能:或許一 possibility兒可能性;可能

5、13.probably adv.很可能;大概t probable adj.可能的14.shake .& y.抖動:搖動一 shook （過去式）一shaken （過去分詞）.finally ad” 最后:最終 t final ad/.最后的.salt九食鹽1 salty a力.咸的:含鹽的.dig乜挖（土）:掘（地）:鑿（洞）t duR （過去式/過去分詞）t digging （現(xiàn)在分詞）.traditional傳統(tǒng)的;慣例的tradition .傳統(tǒng).celebrate u慶祝;慶賀t celebral沁n .慶祝活動;慶典.prepare v.使做好準備;把準備好t prcDaralion

6、九準備.mix .混合配料u（使）混合:融合一 mixture九混合物.serve v.服務:接待:提供t service .服務:接待servant九仆人爭重點短語積累l.play a part參與;發(fā)揮作用n the future 在未來ver and over again 多次;反復地4.disagree/agree with sb.（不洞意某人（的觀點等）5.hundreds of 許多;大量6.1ook for尋找;尋求.fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌.tum on接通（電流、煤氣、水等）;打開.cut up 切碎.give thanks for 感謝.mix togethe

7、r 混合在一起.filL.with 用填滿.cover. .with.用覆蓋舉核心詞匯語境練根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示補全單詞.Thc garden is full of different kinds of plants （植物）.Nowadays,China plays a more and more important part （角色）in the world.The musician has successfullymixed （混合）traditional Chinese music and modern Western music.Tina didnt Hke the food,so

8、sheshook （搖動）her head.That waiter didnt want toserve （月艮務）the impolite customer at all.Bothsides L方）believed that everyone could do something for the world.7.It is unbelievable tobuild （建造）a hospital in ten days.8.Whenautumn (秋天)comes,you need to put on warm clothes.9.Snowcovered (覆蓋)the mountains a

9、nd they looked really beautiful.10.Look!They are digging a deep hole (洞)in the garden.熟詞生義I .paper熟義:.紙;紙張(不可數(shù)名詞)生義:.文件;試卷;報紙;論文(可數(shù)名詞)(l)Is there any special news in todays paper?( B )(2)You must check your papers carefully in the exams.(C )A.紙B.報紙C.試卷D.論文2.build熟義:V.建筑;建造生義:v.增強;建設;建立.體型;體格;身材(1 )T

10、he government decided to build a new road to make the villagers, life easier*.(A )(2)The woman who is of medium build is my mom.( D )A.建造B.增強C.建立D.身材3. shape熟義:.外形;形狀生義:v.決定的形成;影響的發(fā)展;塑造.狀況;性質(1 )Hes in good shape for a man of his age.( C )(2)Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or si

11、lver ingots作艮錠),it symbolizes wealth.(A )A.形狀B.影響的發(fā)展C.狀況D.塑造4.fall熟義:v.& .倒塌;跌倒;掉落.(美式)秋天生義:v.進入(某狀態(tài));開始變成(某事物);發(fā)生;降臨;來臨;(數(shù)量)減少,下降;(強度)減小(l)When the Spring Festival falls,red flowers bloom(盛開)on the windows of my home.(2018安 徽)(B )(2)And then he would fell asleep in class.(2014安徽)(C )(3)Thc price ha

12、s fallen by 30 percent.( D )A.跌倒B.來臨C.進入(狀態(tài))D.下降. shake熟義”& .搖動;抖動生義:y.使震驚;顫抖;發(fā)抖(1 )Give the bottle a good shake before opening.( A )(2)He was shaken by the news of her death.(C )A.搖動B.顫抖C.使震驚.cover熟義”遮蓋;覆蓋生義:.封面;覆蓋物;蓋子行走(一段路程);涉及;支付;報道(l)While 75% of our planet is covered with water,only about 2% i

13、s fresh waterthat comes fromrivers,lakes,ice and snow.(2019,安徽)(A )(2)There is an advertisement on the back cover of the book.( B )(3)He covered a total of 2,478 miles and raised $120,000 for kids in need.(2016安徽)(D )A.覆蓋B.封面C.蓋子D.行走(一段路程)名師考點精講重點詞匯考點 1 辨析 a few,few,a little 和 little【教材原句】There will

14、 be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger.樹木將會變少，環(huán)境將處于巨大危 險中。(P50)這四個詞既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，區(qū)別如下:，L 、/R定忌又否定意義后接/代替名詞a住w（一些，幾個）fbw（很少，幾乎沒 有）可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)a little（一點）little（幾乎沒有）不可數(shù)名詞有幾粒豆子 幾乎沒有豆子a few beansfew beans有一點兒水 a little water-不可數(shù)一否有一點兒水 a little water-不可數(shù)一幾乎沒有水little water特別提醒（l）a little還

15、可用作程度副詞，意為“一點兒”，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞及其比較級，而a fbw則沒有此用法。 （2）not a little 意為很誹常，相當于 very much?；顚W活用.Mom,Sally is coming for dinner this evening.一Theres only beef in the fridge.Lets buy some more meat and vegetables.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little【解析】考查形容詞。句意:媽媽，薩莉今晚要來吃晚飯。冰箱里只有一點牛肉。我們再去多買 些肉和蔬菜吧。根據(jù)空前的“only”及語境

16、可知，冰箱里還有一點牛肉。a little“一些”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表 示肯定意義，符合語境。【答案】C.Could you share me with of your speaking skills?Yes,rd love to.A.a little B.little C.a few D.few【解析】考查代詞。句意:你能和我分享一些你的演講技巧嗎?可以，我很樂意。根據(jù)句中的“skills” 及語境可知,a few“一些”，指代可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),表示肯定意義，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緾.一Would you like to go there at 8:30 tomorrow evening?一Why

17、not make it a little?How about 8:00?A. late B. laterC.early D.earlier【解析】考查形容詞比較級。你想明天晚上八點半去那里嗎?為什么不早一點呢?八點怎么樣? 根據(jù)空后的“How about 8:00?”及語境可知，后者提議更早一點出發(fā)。earlier“更早”，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緿考點2play a part (in)的用法【教材原句】Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.每個人都應當盡一份力來拯救地球。(P50)play a pak(in)意為“參與(中)；(在中)起作用

18、”。例如：He plays a very important part in this match.他在這場比賽中起著非常重要的作用。拓展延伸play a role (in)意為“(在中)扮演角色;(在中)起作用“，與play a part (in)意思相近。例如：He was invited to play a role in this TV play.他被邀請在這個電視劇里扮演一個角色。活學活用一Lucy,why not play a in their discussion?Im sorry,but I know nothing about the topic.A.part B.game

19、C.joke D.show【解析】考查名詞。句意:露西，為什么不參與他們的討論呢?抱歉，我對那個話題一無所知。根 據(jù)句意可知,play a part (in)參與”，符合語境。【答案】A考點3believe的用法【教材原句】However,some scientists believe that although we can make robots move like people,it will be difficult to make them really think like a human.然而，一些科學家認為，盡管我們可以讓機器人像人一樣移動,但要讓 它們真正像人一樣思考是很困難

20、的。(P53)believe作動詞，意為“相信”，指相信事物的真實性或相信某人說的話，引申含義為“信賴;信仰二還可以意為“想;認為”，相當于supposeo其用法總結如下:活學活用.Can you tell me how to make friends with others?Sure.First of all,you must learn to others.Trust is the most important.A.believeB.wait C.touch D.compare【解析】考查動詞。句意:你能告訴我如何和他人交朋友嗎?當然。首先，你必須學會相信他人。 信任是最重要的。belie

21、ve“相信”，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緼.Mom,I won the first prize in the writing competition!Wonderful! As long as you yourself and keep trying,you will succeed.A.dress upB.believe inC.pick upD.leave out【解析】考查動詞短語。句意:媽媽,我在這次寫作比賽中得了第一名!太棒了!只要你相信自己 并不斷努力,你就會成功。dress up打扮believe in“相信”;pick up”撿起;leave out遺漏;不考慮【答案】B.Arc yo

22、u glad to hear from your sister?Of course.,1 dreamed about her several nights.A.Whafs more B.That is to sayC.In other words D.Believe it or not【解析】考查交際用語。句意:收到你妹妹的來信你開心嗎?當然。信不信由你,有好幾個晚上 我做夢夢見她了。A項意為“而且;更重要的是”;B項意為“那就是說”;C項意為“換句話說”。D項意為“信 不信由你”,符合語境?！敬鸢浮緿考點4agree的用法【教材原句】However,they agree it may tak

23、e hundreds of years .然而，他們一致認為這可能需要數(shù)百年的時間O（P53） agree作動詞，意為“同意;贊成;應允:其常見用法如下：活學活用.（2021 江蘇南京）一I think art should be about creating beautiful objects.-.Thats a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.A.My pleasureB.It doesnt matterC.Take it easyD.I dont agree【解析】考查交際用語。句意:一我認為藝術應該是創(chuàng)造美麗的事物。我不同意。這種看待藝

24、術 的方式.已經過時了。根據(jù)答語中的“Thats a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.可知，后者不同意前 者的觀點。D項意為“我不同意，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緿.（2021 黑龍江龍東農墾、森工改編）If you want to ask for sick leave,you must get your teachers first.A.achievementB.agreementC.instrument D.development【解析】考查名詞。句意:如果你想請病假,你必須先征得老師的同意。B項意為“同意，贊同”，符合語境。A項意為“成就”;C項

25、意為“儀器;工具;樂器”;D項意為“發(fā)展”。【答案】B. Most of the club members agreed the plan.Only a few were against it.A.by B.from C.to D.of【解析】考查介詞。句意:大部分俱樂部成員都同意這個計劃。只有少數(shù)人反對。agree to sth.意為“同意 某事”,符合語境。【答案】C4.1 didnt agree him because I thought he was wrong.A.with B.on C.to D.of【解析】考杳介詞。句意:我不同意他(的觀點)因為我認為他是錯的。固定搭配agree

26、 with sb.,意為“同意 某人的觀點”,符合語境?！敬鸢浮緼考點51ook for的用法【教材原句】If buildings fall down with people inside,these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.如果建筑物倒塌，并且里面有人的話，這些蛇形機器人就能幫助尋找被壓在建筑物底下的人。(P53)look for意為“尋找;尋求”，是固定短語。例如：He is looking for his lost child.他正在尋找他走失的孩子。妙辨異同辨析 look for,search,

27、find 和 find out(l)lookfor指有目的地“尋找”不見的或丟失的東西，還沒有找到，處在尋找的過程中。例如：What are you looking for?你在找什么呢？一Im looking for my eraser.我在找我的橡皮。(2)search更側重”搜尋、搜索”的意思，范圍較廣。常用結構:search for sth.“查找某物”;search.fdr sth./sb.“為 了找到某物/人而搜查例如：They,re searching the jungle for the spy.他們在叢林中搜查那個間諜。(3)find指“找到”，強調尋找的結果。例如：I lo

28、oked fbr my umbrella everywhere,but I couldnt find it.我到處找我的雨傘，可是找不著。(4)find out主要指通過理解、分析、思考、詢問等“查明”一個事實真相，找出不容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。例 如：Lets work in a team to find out the problem.讓我們合作找出問題的所在?；顚W活用.（2021 黑龍江綏化改編）Mom,could you help me my toy car?I cant it anywhere!A.look for;findB.find;look forC.look;find outD.l

29、ook for;find out【解析】考查動詞和動詞短語。句意:媽媽,你能幫我找一下我的玩具汽車嗎?我到處都找不到它!根據(jù)句 意可知，第一個空表示幫忙找，強調動作，應用look for;第二個空表示“找到“，強調結果，應用find.【答案】A.（2021 山東濱州）Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist.When he was a child,he liked to howthings worked.A.set out B.find outC.leave out D.bring out【解析】考杳動詞短語。句意:潘建偉已經成為一位著名的科學家。當他

30、還是個孩子的時候，他就喜歡弄 清楚事物是如何運作的。find out”查明;弄清“，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緽考點6fill的用法 【教材原句】Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下來，用面包混合物填滿火雞。（P61） fill意為“（使）充滿;裝滿，可指填滿空間、填充空白、填寫表格等。.fill既可作不及物動詞，也可作及物動詞。（1）用作不及物動詞時,主動形式常含有被動意義。例如：The hall soon filled.大廳里很快就擠滿了人。（2）用作及物動詞時，可接名詞或代詞作賓語。例如:Laughter filled the room.房間里充

31、滿了笑聲。Please fill a glass of wine fbr me.請給我斟一杯酒。.常見短語:fill in填寫;填入”;fill.with.“用裝滿/充滿”（表示動作）be filled with“被裝滿/充滿著”（表示狀態(tài)）,相當于be fiill of。例如：Please fill in your name and your telephone number.請?zhí)顚懩愕拿趾碗娫捥柎a。The schoolbag is filled with/full of books.書包里裝滿 了書?；顚W活用What do you think of the Hi-tech Fair in

32、 Shenzhen Bay?You cant miss it!The show room different models.A.is filled withB.is made ofC.is covered with D.is known to【解析】考查動詞短語句意:你覺得深圳灣的高新技術展覽會怎么樣?你不能錯過!展廳里擺 滿了不同的模型。be filled with充滿 ,符合語境。be made。廣由 制造”;be covered with”被 覆蓋”;be known to”為 所知【答案】A重點句型考點 7In the future,there will be less fresh w

33、ater because there will be more pollution in the sea.在將來，淡水會更少，因為海洋中將會有更多的污染。(P51)i.“win+動詞原形”是一般將來時的一種表達形式，表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。I will tell you all about it.我會告訴你有關它的一切。.Will you.?常用于表示請求、邀請或建議對方做某事。例如：Will you send this letter for me,please?請你替我把這封信寄出去行嗎？Will you come to my birthday party on Friday?你周五能來參加我的生日派對嗎？拓展延伸(1)在疑問句中，主語為第一人稱(I和we)時，常用助動詞shall例如：Where shall we have the party?我們要在哪里舉辦聚會？(2)在書面語中，主語為第一人稱(I和we)時,也常用助動詞shall。但在口語中，所有人稱都可以用wilL例 如：I sh