哈佛幸福課ShawnHumorLecture課件

1、Positive Psychology: The Science of HumorShawn AchorHarvard UniversitySpring 2008Working DefinitionHumor is a way of mindfully perceiving the world, analogous to optimism, where an individual heightens awareness of potentials in a situation.OutlineI. Psychology of humorII. Mental and Physical Benefi

2、tsIII. Positive Social Benefits IIII. Pragmatic stepsIIIII. The greatest power of humorWhat just happened?rhythmic, vocalized, expiratory and involuntary actions 15 facial muscles contractZygomatic major muscle raises lipEpiglottis half-closes the larynxBlood pressure loweredIncrease in vascular blo

3、od flowFlexed abdominal, respiratory, facial, leg, and back muscles.Why talk about humor?Definitional problemsDead Frog ProblemGenetics vs. EnvironmentThe Psychology of FunnyFreud: Humor as “psychological release”Jokes and Their Relationship to the Unconscious“Social acceptable envelope of id desire

4、s”Dale SturtevantAchor: Humor as mindful lensSocial rule breakingHumor = shift in evaluative stanceCounterfactualsPositive spin: Alpha vs Beta PressAlpha press- objective constraints of realityBeta press subjective construal of realityMindfulness of potentialitiesThe Tetris EffectHumor as cognitive

5、afterimage (Achor, 2007)Humor as transformative lensTranscending the status quo (Berger)Relationship to Peak Experiences (Maslow)Momentarily take on self-actualizationOrdinary becomes extraordinary (the Office)Ordinary TransformedSympathetic Nervous SystemThe Soprano Effect (Achor, 2006)The Mental a

6、nd Physical BenefitsEven small dose increases immune system Bronchial asthma (Kamata)Humor increases pain toleranceIce bucket experiment (Zweyer)Lowers blood sugar for Type 2 Diabetes (Hayashi)Decreases stress/ increases remission ratesTesticular Cancer (Chapple and Zieland)Model students?Average #

7、of romantic relationships 1Average number of sexual partners 0-.524% are unaware if they are currently in a romantic relationshipPositive Social Effects: Mirror Neurons and CondomsAttraction and bondage (Fraley)Dating: Desirability in matesSignal of cognitive fitnessDifferences between men and women

8、 (Bressler)Flirting at a barNegotiations and MarriageGottmanHumor as TherapyHumor and Journaling (Pennebaker)Cuddle parties, laughing groups in IndiaTransforming trauma and bad days6 Ways to Increase Humor1. Journal funny stories unique to you2. Watch funny people3. TQPTwo question process A. Why am I so funny? B. And why dont others recognize this?Builds self-esteem4. The permission to be subhuman5. Variety, breaking p