外研版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊 Unit 3 War and Peace 詞匯拓展 講義（素材）

1、Unit 3 War and peaceviolent adj 狂暴的，兇暴的 拓展： violence n 暴力He had violent stomach pains. 他有過劇烈的胃痛。Most people disapprove of such violent tactics. 多數(shù)人不贊同這類暴力手段。These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime. 這些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。Violence is always pointless. 暴力總是毫無意義的。He hates violence in any form. 他憎惡任何

2、形式的暴力。I was nauseated by the violence in the movie. 影片中的暴力場面讓我感到惡心。I dont condone violence in any shape or form. 我決不容忍任何形式的暴力。Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。I have never encouraged nor condoned violence. 我從來沒有鼓勵或縱容過暴力行為。objective n目的，目標 adj 客觀的，公正的拓展：achieve / meet

3、/ accomplish an objective 達到目標main / primary / principal objective 主要 / 首要目標subjective 主觀的Our objective is a free, open, and pluralistic society. 我們的目標是一個自由、開放和多元化的社會。Winning is not the prime objective in this sport. 獲勝不是這項體育運動的主要目的。The objective would be to recycle 98 percent of domestic waste. 該目標

4、是循環(huán)使用98%的生活垃圾。An objective set of rules which we all agree to accept is necessary for any ordered society. 任何井然有序的社會都需要一套客觀公正、為大家所接受的規(guī)則。Newton gave a scientific and objective explanation of colors. 牛頓對顏色作了科學、客觀的解釋。He rejected an objective understanding of color, in favor of a more subjective underst

5、anding. 他不接受對顏色的客觀理解，更傾向于支持主觀理解。The artist is depicting subjective emotions, showing the inner reality as interpreted by the artist rather than the outward form. 畫家描繪的是主觀的情感，表現(xiàn)的是畫家所理解的內(nèi)在的實質(zhì)，而不是外在的形式。recall v 回想，回憶起， 召回，收回 n 記憶力，記憶拓展： recall doing sth. 回想起做某事as I recall 據(jù)我回憶recall sb. from 從.召回某人 bey

6、ond recall 無法回憶起I recall many discussions with her on these and kindred topics. 我回想起多次同她就這些問題及類似話題進行的討論。At home, his children recall, he prized the solitude of his lawnmower. 孩子們回憶道，在家時，他羨慕剪草工的清靜。Perhaps you can recall what was said but not in what language it was said. 也許你能回憶起說了什么，但卻想不起來說的是什么語言。bar

7、ely adv 勉強才能 ， 幾乎不，剛剛，只有，僅僅拓展： barely enough 足夠勉強He barely registered our presence. 他幾乎沒有注意到我們在場。She was barely able to stand. 她勉強能站立。He was barely able to drag his poisoned leg behind him. 他勉強拖著中了毒的腿向前走。liberate v 解放，使自由，使擺脫約束拓展： liberate sb. from 將某人從.中釋放出來liberation n 解放 liberator n 解放者liberated

8、adj 不受約束的，解放思想的deliberate adj 故意的When we liberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations, and the world. 當我們釋放了婦女的經(jīng)濟潛力，我們就改善了社區(qū)、國家和世界的經(jīng)濟表現(xiàn)。Liberate your developers to rapidly prototype new applications. 解放開發(fā)員從而快速的為新程序構型。So I encourage you, libera

9、te yourself - accept responsibility. 在此我還是鼓勵你，放開自己勇敢的負起責任。Writing down what you feel and how you feel can help you out liberate from your emotional prison. 寫下你的感覺可以幫助你逃脫情緒的牢籠。memorial adj 紀念的，追掉的， n紀念物，紀念碑拓展： memorial 做形容詞時， memorial + n 做名詞時，常與介詞to連用memory n 記憶，記憶力，存儲器memorize v 記住Building a memori

10、al to Columbus has been his lifelong dream. 建一座哥倫布紀念碑一直是他一生的夢想。The museum will serve as a memorial to the millions who passed through Ellis Island. 這個博物館將成為曾經(jīng)過埃利斯島的數(shù)百萬人的紀念館。The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman. 這幅油畫將成為對一位杰出女性的永久紀念。I dont try to memorize speeches word for wor

11、d. 我不會嘗試去逐字地背那些演說。He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Roses street. 他研究了地圖，努力記住去羅絲家那條街的路。outstanding adj 杰出的 = standout ，優(yōu)秀的, 尚未完成的，突出的，很明顯的拓展： prominent adj 著名的，杰出的He is unarguably an outstanding man. 毋庸置疑，他是一個出色的人。There are still some outstanding problems. 還有一些突出的問題。We mustnt belittl

12、e her outstanding achievement. 我們不應該輕視她的杰出成就。Were looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery, kindness, or courage. 我們正在尋找各個年齡的、曾有過無畏、善良或英勇之舉的杰出人士。He went on to earn a prominent professorial position. 他接著得到了一個著名的教授職位。The department has many prominent alumni. 這個系出了許

13、多杰出的校友。American families and prominent business leaders are aware that theres a big problem with automation. 美國家庭和杰出的商業(yè)領袖都意識到自動化存在一個大問題。uniform n 制服拓展： in uniform 穿著制服school uniform 校服stability n 穩(wěn)固，穩(wěn)定拓展： stable adj 穩(wěn)定的 instability n 不穩(wěn)定It was a time of political stability and progress. 那是一個政治穩(wěn)定和進步的

14、時期。Political stability, meanwhile, will be a prime concern. 與此同時，政治穩(wěn)定將是頭等大事。I am confident that we can restore peace, stability, and respect for the rule of law. 我堅信我們能夠恢復和平、穩(wěn)定和對法治的尊重。The question of ecosystem stability is complicated. 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的問題是復雜的。Mentally, she is not very stable. 她的心理狀態(tài)不十分穩(wěn)定。Con

15、ditions were set fair for stable economic development. 形勢適合經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。 on standby 待命拓展： on and off 斷斷續(xù)續(xù) be on for sth. 準備做某事 “on +名詞” 類短語： on holiday 在度假 on strike 在罷工 on sale 出售 on loan 借貸on board 在船 / 飛機上on guard 在執(zhí)勤 academic adj 學術的拓展： academy n 研究院，學會Their great academic success was paraded as parad

16、igmatic. 他們偉大的學術成就被當作了典范。Jennifer has an impressive academic and business background. 詹妮弗有著了不起的學術和商業(yè)背景。I have to plan my academic work very rigidly and set myself clear objectives. 我必須給我的學術工作制訂非常嚴格的計劃，并給自己規(guī)定明確的目標。The Academy Awards appear to validate his career. 這些奧斯卡金像獎看來證實了他的職業(yè)生涯的價值。The academy is

17、 far more inclusive now than it used to be. 該學院如今比過去更為兼收并蓄。The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture. 這部電影榮獲九項奧斯卡金像獎，包括最佳影片獎。 emerge v出現(xiàn)，顯露，暴露，在困境中擺脫出來拓展： emerge from / out of. 從.中出現(xiàn)emergence n 出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)，（困境的）擺脫emergent adj 新出現(xiàn)的 （emergent+名詞）emergency n 緊急情況 Further evidence of slowing e

18、conomic growth is likely to emerge this week. 更多有關在減慢的經(jīng)濟增長的證據(jù)本周可能出現(xiàn)。The cultural life of the country will sink into atrophy unless more writers and artists emerge. 如果沒有更多的作家和藝術家出現(xiàn)，這個國家的文化生活將衰退。What happens when new players emerge? 當新的參與者出現(xiàn)時，會發(fā)生什么呢？Emergency generators cut in. 應急發(fā)電機啟動了。The government

19、 decreed a state of emergency. 政府下令進入緊急狀態(tài)。The government had to take emergency action. 政府只得采取緊急措施。Which brings me back around to emergent design. 這將我們帶回到緊急設計上來。Discovering these patterns is the key to emergent design. 發(fā)現(xiàn)這些模式是緊急設計的關鍵。Software is different because it is an emergent reality. 軟件之所以不同是因為

20、它是新生事物。 representative n 代表 adj 典型的，有代表性的拓展： represent v 代表 representation n 代理，代表Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. 京劇是中國所有傳統(tǒng)戲劇藝術形式中最具代表性的，也是中國最大的戲曲形式。They must admit without equivocation or ambiguity that the o

21、rganization is the sole and only representative of the Palestinian people. 他們必須毫不猶豫地承認該組織是巴勒斯坦人民的唯一代表。Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. 皮尤研究中心對全國范圍內(nèi)具有代表性的1807名父母組成的樣本進行了調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)課外活動反映了

22、育兒方式的差異。I would think that a lot of customers would be bothered by, if Im shopping, I dont know if Id want some business representative coming up to me and asking me questions. 我想很多客戶都會被這個問題困擾，如果我去購物，我不知道我是否想要一些業(yè)務代表過來問我問題。A graphical representation of results is shown in figure 1. 圖1中顯示了結果的圖解表示。We a

23、re especially encouraged by the strong representation, this year, of women in information technology disciplines. 我們尤其被今年女性在信息技術學科中的重要表現(xiàn)所鼓舞。When an object is encountered again, it is matched with its internal representation and thereby recognized. 當再次遇到一個對象時，它將與其內(nèi)部表示相匹配，從而被識別。I have been picked out

24、to represent the whole team. 我被挑選出來代表全隊。We represent the last vestige of what made this nation great hard work. 我們代表了曾經(jīng)使這個國家偉大的僅存的品質(zhì)勤奮。Voters elected him to represent them, rather than narrow sectional interests. 選民們選舉他來代表大眾的利益，而不是狹隘的群體利益。 sum n金額，款項 v概括，合計拓展： sum total 全部，總數(shù)the sum of .的總和sum up 概括

25、，總結in sum 總而言之It must have cost a tidy sum. 這準花了相當大的一筆錢。What are you doing fooling with such a staggering sum of money? 你拿這么驚人的一大筆錢瞎折騰什么？To sum up , there are three main ways of tackling the problem. 概括起來說，這一問題主要有三種解決辦法A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library. 已劃撥了一大筆款子給圖書

26、館購買新書。 relevant adj 有關的，切題的拓展： irrelevant adj 無關的relevance n有關，切題與有關： be relevant to . = have relevance to = be related to.與.無關： be not relevant to = have no relevance to = have nothing to do with .He refused to comment before he had seen all the relevant information. 在看到全部相關資料之前，他拒絕評論。He has decide

27、d to prosecute her after careful consideration of all the relevant facts. 他仔細考慮了所有相關事實后，決定起訴她。If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. 如果你現(xiàn)在想到了一個相關且重要的想法，把它寫進草稿里。The library houses lots of unpublished documents that are relevant to your topic. 圖書館藏有許多未出版的文件資料，都和你的課題有關。 by the end of “到.為止”Im always broke by the end of the month. 我總是一到月底就沒錢花了。By the end of 1930, the silent picture was stone dead. 到1930年底，默片已銷聲匿跡了。By