【6年沖刺】2022年高考沖刺匯編：定語(yǔ)從句（含解析）

1、 21/21【6年真題】2011-2016年高考真題匯編：定語(yǔ)從句（含解析）2016年真題【2016江蘇卷】23. Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of whichB.of themC.of whomD.of those【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是Many young people，關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作為介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。故C正確?！?016北京卷】-22. I live next door

2、to a couple _children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which【答案】A【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。a couple是先行詞，這對(duì)夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所屬關(guān)系，故用whose作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于the children of whom，故選A?！?016天津卷】-9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. A. that B. where

3、C. which D. when【答案】D【解析】句意：我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好。使用定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是next week，定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主賓表，缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選D?！?016浙江卷】-11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. that【答案】B【解析】句意：關(guān)于人類為什么哭的時(shí)候會(huì)流淚，科學(xué)家已經(jīng)提出了很多理論，沒(méi)有一個(gè)被證明了。使用定語(yǔ)從句

4、，先行詞是theories，指物，定語(yǔ)從句中用代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選B?！?016全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I】語(yǔ)法填空But my connection with pandas goes back _to_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _65_ I was the first Western TV reporter【答案】65. when考查定語(yǔ)從句。后面是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，缺少狀語(yǔ)，先行詞是時(shí)間故填when。【2016全國(guó)新課標(biāo)III】語(yǔ)法填空Some people think that the great Chinese scholar

5、 Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C. ,【答案】47. who考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句中有逗號(hào)，說(shuō)明是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是Confucius孔子，定語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)，且指人，故填who?！?016四川】短文改錯(cuò)The dishes what I cooked were Moms favoritiest.【答案】58.Whatthat/which(或去掉what) 【解析】此處考查引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞。句意：我做的菜是媽媽最喜歡的。 The dishes做先行詞，指物，定語(yǔ)從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，可知引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作

6、賓語(yǔ)，故把 whatthat/which(或去掉 what)。2015年真題1.【2015湖南卷29題】It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. A. as B. where C. that D. which【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)分析，此句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是place，在定語(yǔ)從句中是作主語(yǔ)的，所以用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。As引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要放在句首，故排除，選用wh

7、ich。句意：這真是一個(gè)令人愉快的地方，這里的蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來(lái)是一模一樣的。故選D 2.【2015北京卷24題】Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_you can hear some lovely music.A. which B.that C.when D.where【答案】D【解析】句意：對(duì)面是圣保羅教堂，在教堂里你能聽(tīng)到一些優(yōu)美的音樂(lè)。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是St. Pauls Church，從句主謂賓成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。用where。故選D。3.【2015重慶卷14題】He wr

8、ote many children s books, nearly half of_ were published in the 1990s.A. whom B. which C. them D. that【答案】B 【解析】句意：他寫(xiě)了許多兒童書(shū)籍，幾乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行詞是books，定語(yǔ)從句中of缺少賓語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】定語(yǔ)從句有一種介詞+關(guān)系代詞，用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或介詞+關(guān)系代詞，而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)，則要求關(guān)系代詞。Do you know the boy to whom she was t

9、alking? Do you know the boy (that she was talking to?此類定語(yǔ)從句，首先從先行詞入手，確實(shí)主語(yǔ)是人還是物，再根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句缺少的成分來(lái)辨別到底用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。4.【2015浙江卷19題】 Creating an atmosphere _employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which【答案】C【名師點(diǎn)睛】解答此題需要能夠看出這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)名詞+連詞+句子，也需要分析從句的句子成分。關(guān)系詞的選擇，最關(guān)鍵的就是看先行

10、詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分，而不是看先行詞是表示什么的單詞，如表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞之后未必用where，同樣表示時(shí)間的先行詞之后未必用when。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，且該介詞不是和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞可以提前，這樣就出現(xiàn)介詞+關(guān)系代詞。先行詞指物，用介詞+which，指人則用介詞+whom， 且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略，介詞的選擇要遵循兩個(gè)原則： 1.根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞的搭配內(nèi)容而定。2.根據(jù)先行詞特殊用法而定。5.【2015天津卷15題】The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his

11、employees enjoy their work.A. where B. which C. when D. who【答案】A【解析】句意：公司老板正盡力創(chuàng)造一種輕松的氣氛，在這種氣氛中，其員工喜歡他們的工作。句中先行詞為atmosphere，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。根據(jù)句意可知選A。6.【2015四川卷3題】The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A. which B. what C. whose D. that【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為the book

12、s，和covers之間存在所有關(guān)系，故選擇C，意為書(shū)的封面。句意為：桌上的書(shū)是給我們的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，那些書(shū)的封面閃閃發(fā)光。7.【2015陜西卷15題】As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _he should be able to be independent.A. which B. where C. whom D. when【答案】D【解析】句意：作為家里最小的孩子，Alex總是渴望他能夠有獨(dú)立的時(shí)間。這里使用定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the time，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞when，所以

13、選D。8.【2015福建卷34題】China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. who B. whom C. that D. which【答案】D【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看出現(xiàn)了逗號(hào)，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。首先That不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，who在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候通常在從句中做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，指人，而whom也指人，卻只能做賓語(yǔ)。Which引導(dǎo)非限制性

14、定語(yǔ)從句通常在從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)。關(guān)系詞代指前面的中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)。該句意思為：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)有著全球的讀者群，這說(shuō)明全球越來(lái)越多的人想要了解中國(guó)。故選D9.【2015江蘇卷21題】.The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. it B. which C. what D. as【答案】D【解析】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，吸煙者人數(shù)僅（過(guò)去 一年就減少了17%。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置靈活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整個(gè)一句話。故選D項(xiàng)?？忌菀渍`選B項(xiàng)wh

15、ich，把逗號(hào)前面的the number of smokers看成先行詞，后面非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用which引導(dǎo)。殊不知，這里關(guān)系代詞指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整個(gè)一句話。另外，as和which在定語(yǔ)從句都可以指代一句話，但前者有“正如”的意思，后者則沒(méi)有。還可以抓住as is reported這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)，類似的還有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】考生容易誤選B項(xiàng)which，把逗號(hào)前面的the number o

16、f smokers看成先行詞，后面非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用which引導(dǎo)。殊不知，這里關(guān)系代詞指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整個(gè)一句話。另外，as和which在定語(yǔ)從句都可以指代一句話，但前者有“正如”的意思，后者則沒(méi)有。還可以抓住as is reported這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)，類似的還有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。10.【2015安徽卷28題】Some experts think reading is the fundamental

17、 skill upon_ school education depends.A. it B. that C. whose D. which【答案】D【解析】本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。在定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞后只能跟whom或which，指人用whom；指物用which。這里的先行詞是skill，指物。2014年真題【2014安徽卷22題】 The exact year_Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A. whe

18、n B. whereC. why D. which【答案】D 【解析】本題先行詞為year，在定語(yǔ)從句中作及物動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ)，因此選用關(guān)系代詞which。【2014北京卷26題】 I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_my classmates recommended to me.A. who B. whichC. when D. where【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題干信息，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為book，定語(yǔ)從句中缺乏賓語(yǔ)，加之逗號(hào)后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以本題選B?！?014福建卷31.】 Stude

19、nts should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.A. who B. when C. which D. where【答案】D【解析】句意：學(xué)生應(yīng)該使他們自己參與到團(tuán)體活動(dòng)中來(lái)，在這些活動(dòng)中他們可以獲得成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是activities，并且從句中的主謂賓成分是齊全的，且不需要表示時(shí)間，故選擇D項(xiàng)。【2014湖南卷31題】 I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can re

20、ad this book and know my feelings for her.A. as B. whyC. when D. where【答案】C【解析】句意：我一直期待著我的女兒能讀懂這本書(shū)，能明白我對(duì)她的感情的那一天。關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞day，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?！?014江蘇卷22題】 The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must.A. which B. whenC. as D. where【答案

21、】D【解析】句意：這本書(shū)在我的日常交流方面給予了我很大幫助，尤其是在必須給別人留下一個(gè)好印象的工作中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為抽象名詞work，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)?！?014江西卷28題】 Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A. which B. what C. where D. when 【答案】A【解析】句意：在水手們必須面對(duì)的許多危險(xiǎn)中，也許最大的是霧。此題易誤選C項(xiàng)，原因是沒(méi)有分析清楚從句的句子成分。which在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修

22、飾先行詞dangers，同時(shí)在從句中作face的賓語(yǔ)?！?014山東卷10題】 A company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A. which B. whose C. who D. why 【答案】B【解析】句意：一個(gè)來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的利潤(rùn)在下降的公司可能會(huì)尋找國(guó)外機(jī)會(huì)。a company是先行詞，其后是定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是profits，缺少定語(yǔ)，故選B?！?014陜西卷13題】 Please send us all the information _ you have a

23、bout the candidate for the position.A. that B. which C. as D. what【答案】A【解析】先行詞是information，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作及物動(dòng)詞have的賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞用不定代詞all修飾，關(guān)系詞只能用that，故選A?！?014四川卷4題】 Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.A. that B. whichC. who D. it【答案】B【解析】此處which指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)非限制性定

24、語(yǔ)從句，which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。句意：到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)為那些貧窮的孩子們籌集到了50 000英鎊，這是完全沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的?！?014天津卷12題】 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently.A. all of which B. each of whichC. all of them D. each of them【答案】B【解析】句意：英語(yǔ)是一種被好幾種不同文化共同使用的語(yǔ)言，每一種文化使用它時(shí)都是不同的。首先A 項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)中的all暗示空格后用use，故排除A、C；根據(jù)

25、空格后的uses使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可知空格處需用單數(shù)名詞或代詞，可選B、D；再根據(jù)uses是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可知空格處是主語(yǔ)，只有each of which能作主語(yǔ)，并構(gòu)成了定語(yǔ)從句?！?014浙江卷5題】 I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.A. when B. where C. which D. why【答案】A【解析】句意：我直到五年級(jí)才成為一個(gè)真正的攀登者，那一年我爬上了樹(shù)枝去夠

26、一只被卡的風(fēng)箏。該句中的先行詞是the fifth grade，此處先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞when。故選A 項(xiàng)。定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞，然后把先行詞“代入”從句中，判斷其在從句中的“地位”和“作用”。如果作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that和which；如果作狀語(yǔ)，則用when, where, why等。【2014重慶卷9題】 Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.A. which B. whereC. when D. wh

27、at【答案】A【解析】此處先行詞targets被in a month所擾，考生容易錯(cuò)把month當(dāng)成先行詞而誤選C。targets在定語(yǔ)從句中作set的賓語(yǔ)，所以關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用which或that。故選A。2013年真題【2013上海卷, 38題】An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. that B. where C. who D. what【答案】A【解析】題干的意思是：“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是由一個(gè)區(qū)域里相互作用的生物和非生物構(gòu)成的”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，

28、_ interact with one another是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the living and nonliving things，通過(guò)還原法可知，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不是人，所以用that。務(wù)必記?。簑hat不可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。【2013浙江卷,13題】The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A. what B. where C. when D. why【答案】B?！窘馕?/p>

29、】where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾platform，where再?gòu)木渲谐洚?dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。解題思路：1.確定從句類型，主句主干完整，可判斷出是定語(yǔ)從句而非名詞性從句；2.查找先行詞；3.判斷從句主干是否完整，確定關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。句意：這家博物館將在春天開(kāi)放，有一個(gè)展覽和一個(gè)觀看平臺(tái)，在這個(gè)平臺(tái)上參觀者可以看到正在建造一個(gè)大玻璃屋?！?013重慶卷，24題】 John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.A. them B. that C. which D. whom【答案】D?！?/p>

30、解析】句意：約翰邀請(qǐng)了四十個(gè)人參加他的婚禮，其中大部分是家庭成員。逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞that只能引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句，排除；先行詞是people，which 只能指物，排除選項(xiàng)C；如果用them， 則逗號(hào)之后應(yīng)該加上一個(gè)連詞and，排除?！?013陜西卷16題】_is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As【答案】B。【解析】句意：等醫(yī)生到的時(shí)候，Amy好多了，孩子都這樣。as在此句中引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，放

31、在句首，同時(shí)在從句中作主語(yǔ)，為正確答案；如果用it或者that，那么整個(gè)句子中缺少一個(gè)連詞，排除選項(xiàng)A和B； 如果用what，逗號(hào)前面應(yīng)該是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句之后應(yīng)該是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而不是逗號(hào)之后再來(lái)一個(gè)句子，排除?！?013四川卷，9題】Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A. what B. which C. when D. where【答案】D。【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在人們更加關(guān)心他們所生活的環(huán)境。the environment是先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，“他們生活在這個(gè)環(huán)境中”，故用關(guān)

32、系代詞where。【2013山東卷35題】Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. when B. where C. which D. whom【答案】C?！窘馕觥慷ㄕZ(yǔ)從句的先行詞為island，而先行詞在從句中所做的成分是主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that或which；when和where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用做狀語(yǔ)；而whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)做賓語(yǔ)。句意：最終他們到達(dá)了一個(gè)完全與外界隔絕的荒島上?！?013山東卷31題】 There is no simple answer,

33、_ is often the case in science.A. as B. thatC. when D. where【答案】A?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。That是不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從的；而when和where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不做主語(yǔ)。句意：沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的答案，正如科學(xué)界的許多情況一樣?！?013遼寧卷34題】 He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.A. in which case B. in that case C. in what case D. in whose

34、 case【答案】A?！窘馕觥糠治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)，He may win the competition為主句，剩下的只可以為從句，故先排除B。本題中，in which case引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于and in that case。所以選A。【2013江西卷33題】 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how【答案】C. 【解析】解題關(guān)鍵是判斷定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇方法，即：根據(jù)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做的成分來(lái)判斷。本題中先行詞letter在從句

35、中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此，正確答案為C。句意：他寫(xiě)了一封信，在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生的一切?！?013江蘇卷32題】 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A. where B. which C. what D. when【答案】 C?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查固定短語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)境中的使用。A. take a share分擔(dān)，為出力 B. take a chance冒險(xiǎn) C. take a turn轉(zhuǎn)彎，轉(zhuǎn)；（情況、形勢(shì)等 轉(zhuǎn)變

36、） D. take a lead領(lǐng)先，帶頭。根據(jù)本句，for the better的提示，可見(jiàn)是講轉(zhuǎn)變，變得更好，所以選C。句意：有了源于其他食品文化的靈感，美國(guó)飲食文化可以變得更好。【2013湖南卷21題】 Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. who C. what D. which【答案】B。【解析】who指代先行詞those（那些人 ，在從句中做主語(yǔ)， whom不能做主語(yǔ)，which指物，what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故選擇B。句意

37、：幸福和成功總青睞能善于意識(shí)到自己長(zhǎng)處的人們?！?013福建卷27題】The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. thatC. who D. which【答案】A?！窘馕觥縚 lives were affected.是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾those，從句的主語(yǔ)是_ lives，缺修飾語(yǔ)，所以選whose。句意：這本書(shū)從經(jīng)歷過(guò)地震的人的角度來(lái)講述地震的故事。【2013北京卷27題】 Many countries are now setting u

38、p national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. whichC. whose D. where【答案】D?！窘馕觥靠仗幹笫且粋€(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是park，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，“in the park”，故應(yīng)該選用關(guān)系副詞where。句意：許多國(guó)家都在建立國(guó)家公園，可以保護(hù)很多動(dòng)植物?！?013安徽卷29題】 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longhel

39、d dreams come trueA. it B. thatC. what D. which【答案】D?！窘馕觥渴紫雀鶕?jù)句意確定逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，鎖定正確答案是which；that 不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，排除；what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，排除；如果用it， 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，它的前面缺少一個(gè)連詞，排除。句意：莫言被授予2012年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，使得中國(guó)人長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想成真了?！?013天津卷6題】We have launched another manmade satellite，_ is announced in todays newspaper.A. that B. whi

40、chC. who D. what 【答案】B?！窘馕觥勘揪渲衱hich指代的就是前面整句話的內(nèi)容，即我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星這件事，可翻譯成“這一點(diǎn)”。句意：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星，這一事件在今天的新聞中得到了報(bào)道?！?013課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷卷4題】 When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.A. what B. when C. where D. which【答案】C?！窘馕觥靠仗幹笫且粋€(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，解題關(guān)鍵就是看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。這個(gè)句子中，先行詞是house，在定語(yǔ)從句中，做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，即：

41、I would be staying in the house，所以要用關(guān)系副詞where。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)的時(shí)候，布萊恩帶我去看房子，我將住在那個(gè)房子里?！?013浙江卷5題.】 The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom【答案】D?！窘馕觥糠窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，介詞of后用whom指代著前面的children。解題思路：1.數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，句子中有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，需要連詞，排除C；2.確定從句類型，主句主干完整，

42、可判斷出是定語(yǔ)從句而非名詞性從句，排除A；3.先行詞是人，排除B，選擇D。句意：孩子們，玩了一整天，都筋疲力盡了。2012年真題【2012浙江卷17題】. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A. which B. who C. where D. whom【答案】B【解析】who引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞Ellen（人名 。Which修行先行詞是物的定語(yǔ)從句；whom修飾先行詞為人，且在從句中做賓語(yǔ)；wher

43、e修飾先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，且在從句中地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，均不符合語(yǔ)境，故排除?！?012浙江卷9題】 We live in an age_more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which【答案】B【解析】when引導(dǎo)定義從句，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞an age（時(shí)代 . 此處的when=at which?！?012江蘇卷22題】 After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ u

44、rgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what【答案】B【解析】指人的先行詞people在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?012重慶卷29題】. Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesA. which B. that C. when D. where【答案】D【解析】“position”為先行詞，后面

45、是其定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系副詞“where”來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。因此，正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。技巧點(diǎn)撥：句意表示“我已經(jīng)達(dá)到人生的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該自己做決定?！毕刃性~是point, 關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)?！?012四川卷13題】 In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them【答案】C 【解析】本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。前后兩句話之間無(wú)連詞，故不能用人稱代詞them，而應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從

46、句；在46個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)中，表所屬，應(yīng)用of。故答案選C?！?012陜西卷14題】 It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。所填詞前有逗號(hào)，是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是整個(gè)主句，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，選C。其余選項(xiàng)與題干不符?！?012北京卷26題.】 When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eat

47、ing or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B?！窘馕觥糠窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，which作表語(yǔ)?！?012全國(guó)II卷，8題】 That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. that B. which C. what D. when【答案】B【解析】這里that evening是先行詞，其在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞about的賓語(yǔ)，所以用which。句意：以后我將和你談起的那個(gè)晚上，我工作到了很晚?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)

48、從句的關(guān)系詞。2011年真題1.【2011全國(guó)卷I 31題】The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what【答案】C【解析】本題主句中的先行詞writer和從句中的主語(yǔ)story有所屬關(guān)系，譯為作者的故事，因此選C。句子的意思是：我們的獎(jiǎng)金會(huì)留給故事情節(jié)最富有想象力的作者。2.【2011全國(guó)卷II 7題】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is

49、 a stupid thing to do in such weather A. this B. that C. what D. which【答案】D【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語(yǔ)從句，首先排除A和C；根據(jù)空前的逗號(hào)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)扶句，排除B。該從句應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)，which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，代指前麗的整個(gè)句子。3.【2011北京卷 26題】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. A. who B. which C. wh

50、at D. that【答案】B【解析】逗號(hào)后的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代整個(gè)主句部分的內(nèi)容。選擇which。4.【2011上海卷 39題】Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. which B. where C. when D. as【答案】A【解析】先行詞為the bus station，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hire后差賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which。5.【2011山東卷 32題】The old town has narrow

51、streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that【答案】D【解析】關(guān)系代詞that代替先行詞small houses，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。句意為：這座古老的城鎮(zhèn)街道狹窄，小房子挨得很近。6.【2011江西卷 34題】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A. for which B. with which C. of whic

52、h D. to which【答案】C【解析】先行詞為museum，在從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，博物館的建造工程花費(fèi)了超過(guò)三年的時(shí)間。介詞用of。選C。7.【2011江蘇卷 24題】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which【答案】A【解析】句意：音樂(lè)會(huì)的兩大構(gòu)成部分中間有幕間休息時(shí)間，在這段時(shí)間里觀眾可以去買冰激凌。When引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾an interval，when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。首先解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)

53、，判斷從句類型，題干說(shuō)“在音樂(lè)會(huì)中間有間歇，此時(shí)你可以買冰激凌?！鳖}干的前半部分完整無(wú)缺，后半部分補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明這個(gè)間歇你可以干的事，所以這是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為interval，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的功能就是對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。由于從句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表時(shí)間，所以正確答案為A. 8.【2011安徽卷 28題】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while【答案】A【解析】句意為：剩下的任何東西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存兩三周。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞。由句型結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，該題中的先行詞refrigerator在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，該介賓結(jié)構(gòu)在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故選擇關(guān)系副詞where。when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；which在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；while是連詞，不能