lecture課文參考譯文

1、Book FourUnit 這些顯然都是技術(shù)降低了人們感的幾個方面。然而，技術(shù)對人們的感最重要的影響是在醫(yī)療 80感覺就越好。，前，絕大多數(shù)人還過著齷齪 、畜生般的生活，而且生命非常短暫。技術(shù)改變了這種狀況，至少對于富裕國家的人們來說是如此。 在該為醫(yī)療費用的提高和沒有參加保險的人們的問題而擔(dān)憂的同時，也應(yīng)該記住，醫(yī)療技術(shù)帶給 身體上和精神上的好處是多么有價11 從更深的層次上說，在健康和長壽方面所取得的進(jìn)步卻強調(diào)了在國家和全球?qū)用鎲栴}的一個自相的說法。即使人們不會更，即使他們更加富裕并擁有技術(shù)，他們還會像以前那樣渴望長壽。這就像那個古老的笑話一樣：食品也許并不好，可都想讓自己得到的那一份盡G

2、ood Usage (Para. 1) per capitatripledfrom1950to2000 Life expectancy soared. at the same timeturned into Good Usage (Para.2) bymoststandards are better offinthemiddleofthelastcentury overthecourseoftheirworkingGoodUsage (Para.aneternal theadventoftheIndustrialRevolution when it came toat wasstronglyc

3、orrelatedGoodUsage (Para.beclosea universal sense of well-beingwereindistinguishableGood Usage (Para.5) takeitfranted at workit turns out came alongGood Usage (Para. 6) food or illcome to mind GoodUsage (Para.disruptsrelationshipsandfracturescommunity is chiefly responsible forfurtherisolatespeoplef

4、romwhatisoftencalled“therealGoodUsage (Paras.8-for certaintendbe stuck with inotherwords werebuiltfromtheveryGoodUsage (Para.anannoyingsenseofdisappointment sense of well-beingin the field of the vast majority of people therisingcostofhealthcare as well asGoodUsage (Para.on adeeper on a national or

5、a global level ashungryaseverformoretimeThefoodmaynotbesogreat,butwewanttheportionstobeasbigasKeyWordsandExpressionsforTextA boom n.a(periodof)rapidgrowthorincrease 繁榮（時期，迅速增長（期e.g.Thebigtaxcutsfuelledaconsumerboominthe Wehavetorealizethattheeconomicboomin90sisover productivity Uthe rateofproducingg

6、oods,cropsetcthe relationshipbetween theamountthatisproduced and the work, money, etc., that is needed to produce it 生產(chǎn)力；生產(chǎn)率，生產(chǎn)效率e.g.Hehasinventedanewproductionmethod,whichimprovesproductivityby10%. Productivity in the digital industry improved by 15% last year.atthesame e.g.Atthegoodnewsshelaugheda

7、ndcriedatthesameThecelebrationswereheldatthesametimeinbigcitiesalloverthebebetterbeinamoresatisfactoryordesirablesituation較自在；較幸運；較e.g. With a substantial cut inetax,allwage-earnersarebetteroffnowthanbefore. I feel better off living in a farm house in the countryside.formalesptech(ofwordsorastyleofw

8、ritingorspeaking)suitableforofficialoccasionsseriouswriting,etc.,but not for ordinary conversation 尤術(shù)語規(guī)范的；語要求的；正規(guī)的，正式的；公文的ernmentreportsareusuallywritteninformalWeshouldbeformalonbusinessoccasions,andnevercallanyoneby formaldress surveyageneralexaminationorstudy(ofconditionsopinionsetc.),esp.carried

9、out byaskingpeoplequestions調(diào)e.g.IwasstoppedinthestreetbyangamarketingTherecentsurveyfoundthatstudentswantedtospendmoretimepracticingspeakinginCF: inquiry,investigation&這些名詞均有“”之意*Out of curiosity, she made inquiries about the guy who dated her sister. *Aninvestigationbyairlineofficialshasshownthatth

10、ecrashwascaused byhumanerror. survey 多指為寫報告而進(jìn)行的測驗或。例如：*Thisreportwasbasedonasurveyourgroupcarriedoutinthepasttwoinmostcasesusually e.g. Oage, men still earn more than women in our society. Adults in our country smoke oagefivecigaretteseveryday.critic rson who gives judgments about the good and bad q

11、ualities of sth., esp. art, music, fietcesp.sb. who does this as a job （尤指文學(xué)、藝術(shù)）評論家，批評家e.g.Thecriticsreviewoftheplaycontainsjustashortparagraphofdisapproval. The movie has been well received by the critics.這部贏得評論家們的好評adventthearrivalorcomingof(animportantevent,period,invention,etc.)（事件、時期、發(fā)明等的）出現(xiàn)，來e

12、.g.Peoplearemuchbetterinformed sincetheadventUptonow,historianshaveassumedthatcalendarscameintobeingwiththeadventofprosperity Ugoodfortuneandsuccessespinmoneymatterse.g. The newernment is expected to usher inriodofeconomicprosperity. A closed economy will not put a country on the way to prosperity.w

13、henitcomeswhenitconcerns當(dāng)提到e.g.Whenitcomestopolitics,IjustfeelAtthepressconference,whenitcametoallife,themoviestaralwayskeptclosealmost;nearlye.g.Thepopulationofthecityisclosetoonemillionnow. He came close to losing his temper.universaloforforeveryoneoreverything;wide-spread;general普遍的，一般e.g.Problem

14、ssuchashighbloodpressureareauniversalfeatureofoldage. Weather is a subject of almost universal interest.天氣是普遍感的話題phenomenon (plphenomenaafact,event,typeofbehavior,etc.,thatexistsandcanbeexperiencedbythesenses,esp. one that is unusual and / or of scientific interest （尤指不尋?；蚓呖茖W(xué)性的）現(xiàn)象e.g.Internationalte

15、rrorismisnotjustarecentAthoroughunderstandingofmathematicshelpsexplainawiderangeofnaturalmakenonotmatteratalle.g.Pricesmakenodifferencetohimbecausehereallywantstopurchaseanew-modelcarforherdaughter as a birthday present.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetheryougoorfoodorwhethertheresultsaregood orbad e.g.He

16、alwaysgoesinforvariouscompetitions,foodorill. I would find her out by any means, food or etomakeone)suddenlythinkof e.g.Duringthestayinmyhometown,childhoodmemorieskeptcomingtomind. At sight of this picture, what is thething that comes to your mind?gradualhappeningordeveloslowlyandbydegrees;notsudden

17、逐漸的，逐步e.g.Thecartbeganitsgradual climbuptheThegradualrecoveryisencouragingnotonlytothepatient buttothedoctorsasisolationU the act of kee apart or separating from others; the quality or condition of being kept apart or separated from others 隔絕，孤立，e.g.Hechosetoliveincompleteisolationinthecountryafterr

18、etirement. The patients need to be kept in isolation for a few days.這些需要被幾天similarly asissimilare.g.Thesonfollowedhisfathersexampleand,similarly,thedaughtermodeledherselfonhermother. Men must wear a jacket and tie; similarly, women must wear a skirt or dress, not trousers.fore.g.Idontknowforcertainw

19、hat IwillbeafterTaxationisforcertaingoingtobethekeyissuetos bestuckhaveordealwithsth.unwantedunwillinglye.g.Willyouhelpmewiththismathematicalproblem?Imstuckwithit. We were stuck with him for the entire journey.buildmake(sth.)apartofasystem,agreement,etc.e.g. For centuries racial discrimination was b

20、uilt into their social system, which deprived black people of their .Therateofpaywasbuiltintohernastyveryuglyorunpleasanttosee,tastesmell,etc.e.g.Herstoriesareverynasty,fullofmurderand. Theres a nasty smell has something turned sour?rough(offoodandlivingconditions)notdelicateorcomfortable;simple（食物）

21、粗制的；（生活環(huán)境、條件）e.g.ImadearoughtableoutofsomeLifewasroughoutintheAmericanWestinthelastSectionA KEYWORDSANDKeyopponentextremeobtainable consumerism operator modifyimmortality geneticadditionally exclusivelyopponent rsonwhoopposessth.orsb.e.g.OpponentssaytheprojectwillbetooSheisoneofthestrongestopponents

22、oftaxextremea. oftenderog(espofopinionsandthosewhoholdthem)goingbeyondtheusuallimitslikelytobe disapproved of by most people 常貶（意見或人）過激的；的e.g.Theernmenthadtotakeextrememeasurestoputdowntheriotinthejail. His political views are rather extreme.obtainable a. thatcanbeobtained能得到的，能達(dá)到的；可e.g.Thetimetable

23、isobtainablefromtheairlineImafraid thattherecordyouaskedforisnolongerconsumerism n. U the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable forrsonor society 消費主義（認(rèn)為高消費對個人和社會有利的看法）e.g.HedislikedChristmastimeanditsextremeBythesecondhalfofthe19th centuryconsumerismhadtaken mechanizatio

24、n n. U機械化，機動e.g.WearedeterminedtorealizethemechanizationinAllthesemeasureswillhelpspeedupmechanizationoffarmoperator rsonwhoworksamachine,apparatus,etc.（機器、設(shè)備等的）操作e.g.ThecomplexmachinerequiresaskilledAnoperatorsvoiceannouncedthatthecallwaslongmodify vt. change(aplan,anopinion,acondition,ortheformorq

25、ualityofsth.),espslightly （尤指程度不e.g. Imafraidwehave tomodifyourplittleThedesignhasbeenmodified toimprovefuelimmortality n. Uthestateofbeinglivingforever;never-endinglifeorendlessfame不死，不朽，流芳百e.g.NootherpeoplehasbeensoobsessedwithimmortalityastheEgyptians. I do not believe in immortality, and have no

26、 desire for it.genetic a. relatingto e.g. Geneticengineeringisperhapsthemostexcitingrecentdevelopmentinbiology. Physical characteristics are determined by genetic inheritance.additionally ad. inaddition;moreovere.g.Additionally,IamsendingalongalltheformsthatyourequireatthisTherewere27events.Addition

27、ally,weaddedpetitiveevents:baseballandsoftexclusively ad. only;andnothingnooneelsee.g.Thisspecialofferhasbeenexclusivelydesignedforreadersofthismagazine. My time is exclusively occupied with study.taketimetotheothersideofthecomparedtaketimetodo deliberayspendtime ng花費時間e.g.Ainabankrobberytooktimetoc

28、ountthecashinabarbutwasarrestedthenandthere. Take time to consider before you rush into anything.theothersideofthecoin theotheroroppositesideofanargumentsituation,etc.事情（論點等）e.g.Everyoneassumeshestoblamebuttheydontknowtheothersideofthecoin. People who hold extreme views often fail to notice the othe

29、r side of the paredto incomparisonwithe.g.YoursalaryisnothingcomparedtowhatyoucouldearninAmerica. Statistics show a 20% reduction in burglary compared to last year.SectionA UsefulChinesebymostbeleftlargelywhenitcomesa universal takeit fkeepininother onadeeper Chinesea“hot” theoppositepointoftheother

30、 sideof themakemattersascomparedononesfeelmorefighthandtoSectionBGrammarInStudythefollowingsentencesfromTextA,payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheadverbialclauseof concession. Then do the followino tasks. even though Americans seemed to work extraordinarily hard, their pursuit of entertainment turned

31、 media and leisure into multibillion-dollar industries. (Para. 1) the percentage of people who say they are “very happy” has fallen slightly since the early 1970s eventhougheofpeoplebornin1940has,age,increasedby116percent.(Para. though poverty was strongly correlated with misery, getting wealthier d

32、id not seem to make its citizens any happier. (Para. 3) although winners were very, very happy when they won, their extreme excitement quickly evaporated, . (Para. 4)讓步狀語從引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有以下這些： though, although, while, as; even if, even though; whether.or.nomatter+疑問詞，疑問詞-ever，regardlessof+名詞/名詞短語/名詞從句

33、，despite，inspite though,表示“雖然，縱然”之意。這兩個連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中， though較常使用，althoughthough yet, still never，the less 連用，但不能與 but連用。例如：IwillremainfirmthoughImustlowermyphysicalThoughIbelieveit,yetImustAlthough/Thoughhewasexhausted, (still)hekeptonAlthough/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquite值得注意的是，although 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句位