初高中銜接時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)

初高中銜接時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)初高中銜接時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)初高中銜接時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考初高中銜接時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)日期：20xx年X月英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一）定義表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力及客觀真理。例：Igetupat6:30inthemorning.Sheisathome.Wheredoesyourfatherwork(二)構(gòu)成主要用動(dòng)詞原形表示，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es。(三）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I

like____________(swim).

2.He_________(read)English

every

day.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.

4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.My

mother________(like)______(go)shopping.

6.Ican________(draw)

many

beautiful

pictures.7.She_________(make)a

model

plane.

8.Do

you________(like)_________(run)9.Does

he_________(like)_________(jump)

10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday一般過(guò)去時(shí)（一）結(jié)構(gòu)一般過(guò)去時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)否定句一般疑問(wèn)句Be動(dòng)詞was/were+notwas或were提前，放于句首行為動(dòng)詞didn’t+do（動(dòng)詞原形）Did+主語(yǔ)+do（動(dòng)詞原形）注：在一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可分為兩類一類是be動(dòng)詞，其形式為was與第一、三人稱單數(shù)連用，were與第二人稱和復(fù)數(shù)人稱的主語(yǔ)連用。凡是由be動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)的句子，變否定句時(shí)，直接在其后加not,即wasn’t或weren’t，變一般疑問(wèn)句將was/were放在句首，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。另一類謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由行為動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)，如stayed\went\visited等,這一類動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，可與任何人稱連用，句子變否定時(shí)，要在主語(yǔ)后面，動(dòng)詞的前面加didn’t，動(dòng)詞用原形；一般疑問(wèn)句是把did提到句首，動(dòng)詞用原形。IwasinShanghailastyear.Iwasn’tinShanghailastyear.WasyouinShanghailastyearHewenttotheparkyesterday.Hedidn’tgototheparkyesterday

Didhegototheparkyesterday

（二）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化1)一般情況下,在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed;如look-looked2)結(jié)尾是字母e的動(dòng)詞加-d,如practice-practiced；3)結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞,變“y”為“i”再加ed,如studystudied;4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,雙寫動(dòng)詞尾的輔音字母，再加ed,如stopstopped。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表InfinitivePasttenseInfinitivePasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfellamiswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancould（三）一般過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)題寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1．look—2.live—3.stop—4.carry— 5.hope— 6.trip—7.call— 8.finish— 9.want—10.are— 11.go—12.have—13.do—14.get— 15.come—16.say—二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSundayYes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday

9.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.10.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)（一）概念表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。TherewillbeanEnglishpartynextSaturday.Wewillcometoseeyoutomorrow.（二）結(jié)構(gòu)1、由will+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，其will適用于各種人稱，與主語(yǔ)連在一起時(shí)，常?？s寫為’ll。變否定句時(shí)，只需在will后加not，可縮寫為won’t。在疑問(wèn)句中，will需提前，構(gòu)成will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。Hewillarriveherethisevening.他今晚抵達(dá)這里。2、shall+動(dòng)詞原形（常用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱）Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天沒(méi)空。3、begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形（打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事）HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在倫敦度假。一般將來(lái)時(shí)練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)選擇(

)1.

There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.

A.willbegoingto

B.willgoingtobe

C.isgoingtobe

D.willgotobe(

)2.

Charlie________herenextmonth.

A.isn'tworking

B.doesn'tworking

C.isn'tgoingtoworking

D.won'twork(

)3.

He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.

A.willbe;is

B.is;is

C.willbe;willbe

D.is;willbe(

)4.

There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.

A.was

B.isgoingtohave

C.willhave

D.isgoingtobe(

)5.

-_____you______freetomorrow

-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;will

B.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbe

D.Are;goingtobe;willbe二、動(dòng)詞填空1.I______（leave）inaminute.I______（finish）allmyworkbeforeI______（leave）.2.Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother_____（give）herapresent.3.Itisverycoldthesedays.It______（snow）soon.4.-_____you_____（be）herethisSaturday?

-No.I______（visit）myteacher.5.-______I______（get）youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?

-Thankyou.四、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（一）概念表示過(guò)去的某時(shí)以后將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但這個(gè)"將來(lái)"時(shí)間絕不會(huì)延伸到“現(xiàn)在”；而僅限于“過(guò)去時(shí)間區(qū)域內(nèi)”。例句：Iknewyouwouldagree.我知道你會(huì)同意的。IsaidIwouldarrangeeverything.我說(shuō)我來(lái)安排一切。

（二）過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)練習(xí)題一.選擇填空1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.wouldspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit

B.hasvisited

C.isgoingtovisit

D.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.A.tocome

B.iscomingC.willcome

D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.took

B.wouldtakeC.takes

D.willtake二.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（一）概念表示說(shuō)話時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為，或者包括說(shuō)話時(shí)刻在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及標(biāo)志詞：now(atthemoment),listen,look,thisweek,thisevening,thesedays等。

（二）結(jié)構(gòu)由Be(am／is／are)＋動(dòng)詞—ing構(gòu)成。Listen,Someoneisplayingthepianointhenextroom.

（三）動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式構(gòu)成的幾種方法：1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)尾直接加-ing。read-reading，go-going，visit-visiting

2、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ing。live-living,write-writing，make-making,take-taking3、

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫這個(gè)字母再加-ing。sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting

4、少數(shù)幾個(gè)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y再加-ing。die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying（四）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________write_______read________have_______sing_______dance_______put______see_____buy______love__________live_______take________come________get________stop________sit________begin________shop__________

二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls__________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls____________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We___________(have)suppernow10.______Helen__________(wash)clothesYes,sheis

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（一）概念表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特指時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表明，如：atthistimeyesterday，at7:00yesterday，lastnight,fromseventonine,atthattime以when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等。（二）結(jié)構(gòu)由was/were+動(dòng)詞-ing構(gòu)成。MyfamilywerewatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.（三）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.3.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.4.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.5.I_____(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.二、選擇題1.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.a.cooked,wereringing

b.wascooking,rang

c.wascooking,wereringing

d.cooked,rang2.Hesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.a.tries

b.tried

c.wastrying

d.willtry3.Whileshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.a.waswatching,washearing

b.watched,washearingc.watched,heard

d.waswatching,heard4.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.a.werewatching

b.watch

c.watched

d.arewatching5.Whatbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?a.did,read,wasseeing

b.did,read,sawc.were,reading,saw

d.were,reading,wasseeing七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一）概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,也就是說(shuō),動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。e.g.Ihavelostmywallet.(含義是：現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)有錢花了。)Janehaslaidthetable.(含義是：已可以吃飯了。)Michaelhasbeenill.(含義是：現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱。)（二）結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其他人稱用have。（三）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)選擇1、Both

his

parents

look

sad.Maybethey

_________what's

happened

to

him.Ａ.

knew

Ｂ.

haveknown

Ｃ.

mustknow

Ｄ.willknow2、He

has

_______been

to

Shanghai,has

heＡ.

already

Ｂ.never

Ｃ.ever

Ｄ.still3、Have

you

met

Mr

Li______Ａ.

just

Ｂ.

ago

Ｃ.before

Ｄ.

amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyearＡ.is

writing

Ｂ.was

writing

Ｃ.wrote

Ｄ.has

written5、-Ourcountry

______alotsofar.-Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.has

changed;well

Ｂ.

changed;goodＣ.has

changed;betterＤ.

changed;better二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1、Theoldman_________lastyear.He

___________

forayear.(die)2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thisfactory

________fortwentyyears.3、MissGaoleftanhourago.

(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.4、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）Her

mother_______the

Party

three

years

________.5、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)（一）概念過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一事件之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去。圖示如下：----|--------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------->過(guò)去完成

過(guò)去

現(xiàn)在將來(lái)（二）構(gòu)成1、肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had＋過(guò)去分詞Whenwegotthere,thefootballmatchhadalreadystarted.2、否定句：主語(yǔ)+hadnot+過(guò)去分詞Hehadn’tworkedfortwoyearsbythen.3、疑問(wèn)句：had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞…

Hadhefinishedtheworkbylastmonth?(三)過(guò)去完成時(shí)練習(xí)題1.單項(xiàng)選擇1．Heaskedme_____duringthesummerholidays.A.whereIhadbeen

B.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeen

D.wherehadIgone2.What____Jane____bythetimehewassever?A.did,do

B.has,

done

Cdid,did.

D.had,

done3.I______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learned

B.waslearning

C.hadlearned

D.learnt4.She______livedherefor______years.A.had,

afew

B.has,

several

C.had,

alotof

D.has,

agreatdealof5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.A．hadcooked

B.cooked

C.havecooked

D.wascooked2.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.We_____________(paint)thehousebeforewe______________(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_____________(make)awillbeforehe_____________(die).3.They_____________(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey________(leave).4.Therobbers_____________(runaway)beforethepolicemen_______

(arrive).5.I__________(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeI____________(go)tobed.語(yǔ)態(tài)的歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種語(yǔ)態(tài).主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有時(shí)用by短語(yǔ)表示出來(lái).二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Thehouseiscleanedeveryday.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Hewastoughtalessonyesterday.三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟:TheyspeakEnglish.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Englishisspokenbythem.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞賓語(yǔ)(1)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。(2)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，即”“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”(be有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化)。(3)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閎y的賓語(yǔ)。Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)一般只通過(guò)be表現(xiàn),過(guò)去分詞不變。例如：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):Thetreesareplantedbythefarmers.一般過(guò)去時(shí):Thetreeswereplantedbythefarmers.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):Thetreesarebeingplantedbythefarmers.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：Thetreeswillbeplantedbythefarmers.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Thetreeshavebeenplantedbythefarmers.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thetreescan(must,should)beplantedbythefarmers.五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種句型：肯定句主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)Asweetsongwassungbyheronthestage.否定句主語(yǔ)+be+not+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)Asweetsongwasn’tsungbyheronthestage.一般疑問(wèn)句Be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)Wasasweetsongsungbyheronthestage?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)Wherewasasweetsongsungbyher?六．練習(xí):請(qǐng)把下列主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句1.Thewomanaskedthepolicemanforhelp.2.TheoldmanonTVtellsastoryonSunday.3.Dotheyusetheboxasatable?4.Shesentmeacollectionlastweek.5.Theteacherdoesn’tteachusmaththisterm.定語(yǔ)從句一、概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.﹢Ihaveanapplethatisred.修飾先行詞anappleIlikesingers.Singswritetheirownmusic.﹢Ilikesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.修飾先行詞singers主格賓格所有格指代人whothatwhom/whothatwhose指代物whichthatwhichthatwhoseofwhich當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞可以省略。HeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.Iprefernoodlesthatisreallydelicious.HarryPotterisaboywhofightswiththemonster.二、用法：who/that在從句中可擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).1.Ilovesingerswho(主語(yǔ))writetheirownsongs.2.Heisthemanwho(賓語(yǔ))Imetyesterday.3.Ilikemusicthat(賓語(yǔ))Icandanceto.4.Ipreferasandwichthat（主語(yǔ)）isreallydelicious.Who/that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與先行詞保持一致。e.g.Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.用“who”或“that”填空。1.Doyouknowthewoman_____iswearingabluedress?2.Theman______istalkingwithmyteacherismyfather.3.Thatbookistheone_____Iboughtyesterday.4.Heisoneoftheworkers______issavedinthataccident.5.Theytalkedofthethingsandpersons______theyrememberedinthefactory.賓語(yǔ)從句一、概念由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，我們稱之為賓語(yǔ)從句。eg.Iknowtheanswer.(名詞做賓語(yǔ))IknowthatTomgetstheanswer.(句子做賓語(yǔ),叫做賓語(yǔ)從句）二、賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞