議論類(lèi)文章閱讀高（初）-英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

英語(yǔ)議論類(lèi)文章閱讀團(tuán)高（初）知識(shí)定位目前中考英語(yǔ)議論文是ー種很常見(jiàn)的考試形式,通過(guò)擺事實(shí),講道理,運(yùn)用邏輯推理來(lái)表明作者對(duì)某ー問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，闡發(fā)對(duì)某ー現(xiàn)象的見(jiàn)解和主見(jiàn)。主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)主旨大意,事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),詞義猜測(cè)和邏輯推理的能力。知識(shí)梳理.主旨大意型做這類(lèi)題，要找準(zhǔn)主題句。每段的主題句（常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和歸納分析）一般都用來(lái)表示一個(gè)段落的主旨大意。然后根據(jù)文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來(lái)的;但不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過(guò)其實(shí)或以偏概全。1）干擾項(xiàng)可能屬文中某個(gè)具體事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)。2）干擾項(xiàng)可能屬?gòu)奈闹心承ú煌耆模┦聦?shí)或細(xì)節(jié)片面推出的錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論。3）干擾項(xiàng)可能屬非文章事實(shí)的主觀臆斷。請(qǐng)看以下文章:Inthe1930s>alotofpeopleintheUSAwereoutofwork.AmongthesepeoplewasamannamedAlfredButts.Healwayshadaninterestinwordgamesandtofillhistimeheplannedagamewhichhecalled//Lexico,/.However,hewasnotcompletelysatisfiedwiththegame,sohemadeanumberofchangestoitandchangeditsnamefrom“Lexico"to"Alph"andthento“CrissCross”.Hewantedtomakesomemoneyfromhisnewgamebuthedidn'thaveanyrealcommercial（商業(yè)性的）success。Q：Thetextismainlyabout〇A.LexicoB.ThreemenC.AwordgameD.AlfredButts很顯然這道題最佳答案應(yīng)該是D,因?yàn)槲恼碌拿恳痪湓?huà)都展的是AlfredButts所做的事情。而A和C都有些以偏概全。.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)型解題原則:忠于原文,聯(lián)系上下文,理清全篇的邏輯關(guān)系,決不能主觀臆斷。有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的問(wèn)題常對(duì)文中某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)、某句子、某段落等細(xì)節(jié)及事實(shí)進(jìn)行回問(wèn),所國(guó)問(wèn)題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。所以一定要將題干所涉及信息在原文中找到,找出最貼近原話(huà)的選項(xiàng)。.詞義猜測(cè)型同義法常在詞或短語(yǔ)之間有并列連詞and或or,它們連接的兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的,由此可以推測(cè)。反義法如hotandcold,giveandreceive等，或前句為肯定,后句為否定?？傊?詞與詞間都起著互為線(xiàn)索的作用。釋義法對(duì)文章中的生詞用定語(yǔ)（從句）、表語(yǔ)甚至用逗號(hào)、破折號(hào)等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)引出并加以解釋說(shuō)明。情景推斷法、代詞替代法等例如:MostwomeninGhana-theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers〇Q：Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterate"?A.repeatB.reiteratedC.uneducatedD.sick在本題中,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)illiterate這個(gè)詞,urban和rural也不認(rèn)識(shí),但沒(méi)關(guān)系,大家一定認(rèn)識(shí)youngandold,那么我們就可以推測(cè)educated和illiterate一定也是ー對(duì)反義詞或?qū)?yīng)詞,所以不難判斷出答案為Co其中educated受過(guò)教育的,那自然illiterate便是沒(méi)有受過(guò)教育的;.推理判斷型透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì),領(lǐng)悟作者思想傾向、觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)、語(yǔ)氣及態(tài)度等。以原文內(nèi)容為前回,據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)理論（非考生觀點(diǎn)）,客觀地對(duì)文中未明顯說(shuō)明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷,做出一定解釋。做題要領(lǐng):既要求學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思,又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)。例題精講【試題來(lái)源】【題目】Likemanypeople,Ihavenoclearideaaboutheroes.Atsomepoint,weallwonderifweneedaheroandwhataheroreallyis.Althoughtherearealotofdifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristics（特點(diǎn)）whichgiveuscourageandmakeuswanttolearnfromthem.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasaspecialstorytotellandpeoplethinkhighlyofit.Butaheroisnotjustthepersonwithgreatfame（聲譽(yù)）.Aherohaspowers（力量）largerthanhimself.Somepeoplewanttolivelikeahero,andtheyhavetoexperiencelifewithnewandfurthermeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomtheyserve.Whatdotheywanttoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswersuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.Aherohasavisionfromthemountaintop.Hehasthepowertomovepeople.Hecreatesnewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,IndiamightstillbepartofBritain.WithoutMartinLutherKing,Jr.,Americansmighttakedifferentbuses,eatindifferentrestaurants,goforwalksindifferentparks,andshopindifferentstoresbecauseofthedifferentcoloursoftheirskin.Theremightbechangesinsocietywithoutahero,butthespeedofchangewouldberatherslow.Thankstoheroesinhistory,theymakethesocietydevelopsorapidly.【選項(xiàng)】Accordingtothispassage,aheroisapersonwhoalways,givesuscouragethinkshighlyofotherssharesgreatfamestandsonthemountaintop3Ifyouwanttolivelikeahero,youshould.experienceanewandmeaningfullifelistentosomethingworthtalkingaboutserveyourownfameandtrytobefamousknowwhereandhowyouwanttoliveanddieTheunderlinedword“vision"inthepassagemeans〃A.風(fēng)景B.想象C.遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)D.形象BlackpeopleinAmericausedtobeforeMartinLutherKing,Jr..shopatthewhite'sstoresdrivebuseswiththewhitetakewalksinthewhite'sparkseatinrestaurantswithoutthewhiteWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Wedon'tneedheroesanymoreatsomepointnow.Heroesareallthesamethoughdifferentincultures.Peoplegetpowerfromheroestomovetoanewplace.Oursocietyhasdevelopedfasterbecauseofheroesinhistory.【答案】AACDD【解析】本文主要介紹了人們心目中英雄的形象,以及英雄應(yīng)該具備的主要特征,最后點(diǎn)名了英雄對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)的作用。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristics（特點(diǎn)）whichgiveuscourageandmakeuswanttolearnfromthem.可推斷答案為AoA細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Aherohaspowers（力量）largerthanhimself.Somepeoplewanttolivelikeahero,andtheyhavetoexperiencelifewithnewandfurthermeaning.可推斷答案為AoC詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Aherohasavisionfromthemountaintop.的句義"英雄通常都很有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)”?？赏茢啻鸢笧镃oD細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句WithoutMartinLutherKing,Jr.,Americansmighttakedifferentbuses,eatindifferentrestaurants,goforwalksindifferentparks,andshopindifferentstoresbecauseofthedifferentcoloursoftheirskin.可推斷答案為DD細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段大意可得知答案為Do第五段大意為〃沒(méi)有英雄,社會(huì)也許也會(huì)發(fā)生變化,但速度絕對(duì)不會(huì)這么快。幸虧在歷史上有英雄的存在,社會(huì)オ會(huì)進(jìn)步的如此之快〃?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀團(tuán)高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】4【試題來(lái)源】【題目】AnewTVseriesinEngland,Awayfromitall,hassurprisedeveryonebybecomingahugesuccesswithyoungpeopleacrossthecountry.Itssuccessissurprisingbecausetheseriesisabouttherelaxinglifestylesofpeoplewholiveinthecountry.Thereisnoneoftheactionthatwe4usuallyseeonTVtoday.Therearealsonostressfulmoments,busyofficesorcrowdedcities.AwayfromitallissetinthepeacefulEnglishcountrysideandtellssimplestoriesaboutpeople'skindness.ThedirectoroftheTVseriessaysthatitssuccessisasignofteenagerssufferingfromstress.TheysaythatwatchingAwayfromitallhelpsteenagersforgetaboutthepressures（壓カ）ofexamsandhomework,andthetroublesthatfilltheworldtoday.Theyalsosaythatit'sagoodsignoftoday/syoungpeopleswitchingto（轉(zhuǎn)至リ）happierTVseriesasitshowstheywouldlikeahappierandhealthierworld.Althoughtheseries'successmighthaveagoodside,manyteachersandparentsareworried,however.Theysaythatsomeoftheirstudentsandchildrenarebecomingcouchpotatoes（終日泡在電視機(jī)前的人）andareusingAwayfromitallasanexcusefornotcompletinghomework.Somechildrenhaveevenrefusedtolearnforexamsbecausetheysaythattheycanonlyachievepersonalhappinessbyavoiding（避免）stressfulsituationscompletely.Andwhatdotheexperts（專(zhuān)家）say?PaulaRay,adoctorofeducation,saysthatTVcaninfluencechildren'slifestyles.Butshesaysthatifachildreactsstrongly,it'slikelythatthereareotherreasonsforhischangeinbehaviour.ShesaysthatthereisnothingwrongwithwatchingAwayfromitallbutsuggeststhatparentsshouldmakesuretheirchildrenknowTVisnotthesameasreallife.【選項(xiàng)】ThesuccessofthenewTVseriesissurprisingbecause.A.itisdifferentfromothersuccessfulTVseriesB.itisthesameasothersuccessfulTVseriesC.itisabouttheEnglishcountrysideD.itisaboutlifeinbusyofficesThedirectorofAwayfromitallbelievesthattheserieshelpsyoungpeopledealwith.A.simplestoriesB.stressC.couchpotatoesD.examsThesuccessoftheseriesshowsthatyoungpeoplewouldlike.A.aworldwithnohomeworkB.EnglishTVseriesC.relaxingjobsD.ahappierandhealthierworldWhoareworriedabouttheeffectsoftheseries?A.Expertsandteenagers.B.Teachersandexperts.C.Teachersandparents.D.Youngpeopleandparents.【答案】ABDC【解析】電視劇Awayfromitall的巨大成功在于教會(huì)孩子學(xué)會(huì)放松,減壓。同時(shí)要引導(dǎo)孩子電視和真實(shí)的生活畢竟不同,要樹(shù)立適應(yīng)自己的生活學(xué)習(xí),適應(yīng)社會(huì)的方式。.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段可知。Itssuccessissurprisingbecausetheseriesisabouttherelaxinglifestylesofpeoplewholiveinthecountry.ThereisnoneoftheactionthatweusuallyseeonTVtoday..B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段ThedirectoroftheTVseriessaysthatitssuccessisasignofteenagerssufferingfromstress.TheysaythatwatchingAwayfromitallhelpsteenagersforgetaboutthepressures（壓カ）ofexamsandhomework,andthetroublesthatfilltheworldtoday.Theyalsosaythatitsagood可知導(dǎo)演旨在通過(guò)連續(xù)劇幫助孩子們減壓,使孩子們放松。.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段Theyalsosaythatitsagoodsignoftoday'syoungpeopleswitchingto（轉(zhuǎn)至リ）happierTVseriesasitshowstheywouldlikeahappierandhealthierworld.有孩子們喜5歡這部連續(xù)劇表明孩子們需要一個(gè)快樂(lè)健康的生活世界。.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段電視劇的成功也給老師和家長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)了擔(dān)憂(yōu)。Althoughtheseries'successmighthaveagoodside,manyteachersandparentsareworriedI擔(dān)心核ナ們以此為借口終日看電視,不完成學(xué)業(yè)?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀回高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】4習(xí)題演練【試題來(lái)源】【題目】Recentlyaspecialist（專(zhuān)家）inteenagerstudiesdoessomeresearchonteenageproblems.Hethinksparentsshouldn'tbeblamedofthemselvesbecausethereisnothingtheycandotodealwiththeteenageproblem.Whatevertheydo,sometimesawonderful,kindandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.I'veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,shouldstandup,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentlemanwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom.IsawhimlastweekwhenIvisitedthem.Lyingonthesofa,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin.Hismotherwasangry."Idon'tknowwhattodowithhimthesedays,"shesaid."He'sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim."Hehasn/tforgottenthem.He'sjustdecidedthathe'snotgoingtousethem.Shesaidthatshewouldliketothrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.Anothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniture,reachacrossthetable,stareatmeandsay,u\don'tlikeyourdress,it'sugly."Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.Theotherhaslefthome.“Wheredidwegowrong?"Herparentsarenowverysad.Probablynothingiswrongwiththeparents.【選項(xiàng)】小題l:Thistextismostprobablywrittenby.Aspecialistinteenagerstudiesaheadmasterofamiddleschoolaparentwithteenagechildrenadoctorformentalhealehproblems題2:Thisunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto.thechangeofthechildrenfromgoodtobadthewaythatparentsoftenblamethemselvestheopinionthatachildhasofhisparentstheadvicethatparentswanttheirchildrentofollow小題3:Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas.A.lazyB.quietC.unusualD.rude小題4:Whatistheauthorsopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.Parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontothechange.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.Parentsareafaultforthechangeintheirchildren.【答案】AADA【解析】這篇短文講述一位青少年研究學(xué)專(zhuān)家解釋ー些青少年出現(xiàn)的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。這位專(zhuān)家表明,很多孩子并不是不懂禮貌、不懂事理,只不過(guò)他們不愿意去那樣做。并且孩子出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題并不是父母的錯(cuò),也不是父母所能選擇的。6小題1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭第一句Recentlyaspecialist（專(zhuān)家）inteenagerstudiesdoessomeresearchonteenageproblems.“最近譯為青少年研究專(zhuān)家做了一些有關(guān)青少年問(wèn)題的調(diào)查。〃后文團(tuán)到的都是有關(guān)青少年的ー些問(wèn)題,可以推斷本文應(yīng)該是青少年研究專(zhuān)家所寫(xiě)。故選Ao小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。it上文回到的是ー些青少年問(wèn)題,因此it指代的是teenageproblemo故選Ao小題3:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四行しyingonthesofa,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin."他躺在沙發(fā)上看電視,當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)也并不打算關(guān)掉他正在看的吵鬧的電視?！币约昂笪倪@個(gè)孩子?jì)寢屨f(shuō)的話(huà)He?sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim."他將我教他的禮貌都忘了。”可知這個(gè)男孩的行為是粗魯?shù)?故選Do小題4:推理判斷題。文章最后一句Probablynothingiswrongwiththeparents."很可能并不是我們父母的問(wèn)題?！北砻髁俗髡叩膽B(tài)度,孩子出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題并不是父母的錯(cuò),不是我們所能選擇的。故選Ao【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀回高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來(lái)源】【題目】"Chinesestyleroadcrossing"isahottopicinChina.Manycitieshavestartedtopunishthesejaywalkers."Chinesestyleroadcrossing"meansthatyoucrossroadswithlotsofpeopleandyoudon'tthinkabouttrafficlightsatall.Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.What'smore,usingthediagonaltocrosstheroadisalsoagainsttherules.Walkersshouldwalkinan"L"shape.BesidesBeijing,manyplaceshavealsotakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".ProvincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.Thispunishmentcancallonpeopletorealizetheimportanceoftrafficsafety.However,manypeoplecomplainthattheredlightslasttoolong.HEveryoneshouldfollowtherules,orthecountrywillloseitsorder,"saidPeopleDaily.Somecitieshavealsopaidattentiontotheproblem.Forexample,Beijinggovernmentsaiditshouldnotonlypunishthesejaywalkers,butalsoimproveroadsafetyfacilities,suchasproperlyfixingtrafficlightsandbuildingoverpasses*.Anyhowsafetymustcomefirst.【選項(xiàng)】、題l:Howmanyplaceshavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers?A.3B.4C.5D.6小題2:Manypeoplecomplainthatthelasttoolong.greenlightsB.yellowlightsC.redlightsD.trafficlights小題3:WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Beijinghastakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".Walkersshouldusethediagonaltocrosstheroad.Zhejianghasn'tstartedtofinejaywalkersyet,InBeijingjaywalkerswillreceiveafineof50yuan.7小題4:What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThetrafficlightsB.SafetycomesfirstC.An"LnshapeD.Trafficrules【答案】BCAB【解析】這篇短文講述在中國(guó)有很多不遵守交通規(guī)則的人,在過(guò)馬路時(shí)不看交通燈?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有地方采取政策,對(duì)于這樣的人進(jìn)行懲罰。小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話(huà)Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.“北樂(lè)政府宣城不等綠燈就穿馬路的人要處以10元罰款?！币约暗谖逍蠵rovincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.“像四川、山西和浙江這些省份自從去年起就開(kāi)始對(duì)于不收交規(guī)的人處以5到50元罰款?！笨芍撬膫€(gè)地方,故選Bo小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段倒數(shù)第二行However,manypeoplecomplainthattheredlightslasttoolong.“然而許多人抱怨紅燈持續(xù)時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)。"可知,故選C。小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第四行BesidesBeijing,manyplaceshavealsotakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".可知A正確;根據(jù)第三段第二行Whatsmore,usingthediagonaltocrosstheroadisalsoagainsttherules.可知B錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第三段第五行ProvincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.可知C錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第三段第一句話(huà)Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.可知D錯(cuò)誤。故選Ao小題4:標(biāo)題歸納題。本篇閱讀主要講述中國(guó)一些人不遵守交通規(guī)則的現(xiàn)象,許多地方已經(jīng)采取措施進(jìn)行治理。作者并在文章最后表示安全第一,故選Bo【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀國(guó)高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】當(dāng)堂練習(xí)題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來(lái)源】【題目】Mobilephones（手機(jī)）havebecomeaproblemformiddleschools.SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours.Themobilephoneuseamongchildrenhasbecomeaproblemfortheschoolthisyear.SeveralchildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem.Mary,ateacher,saidthemobilephoneuseisadistractiontostudentsduringschoolhoursanditalsogivesteacherssomuchtroubleintheirclassrooms.Teachersalsosaidthatsometimesstudentsmightusephonemessagestocopyduringexams.Shesaidsomeschoolstriedtostopmobilephones.Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tgetintouchwiththeirchildren.Manyteacherssaidstudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,butiftherewasagoodreason,theycouldleavetheirphonesattheschooloffice.Theyalsosaidthereweremanyreasonswhythestudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,theywereeasytoloseandwereadistractionforstudies.Manypeoplesaythattheyunderstandwhyparentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavephones,buttheythinkschoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.【選項(xiàng)】小題l:SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones.A.becausetheyarestudentsB.whentheyarefreeC.whentheyareatschoolD.becausetheyarechildren小題2:WeknowfromthepassagethatsomechildrengetmobilephonesfromA.themakersandsellersB.theteachersC.theirparentsandfriendsD.somemobilephoneusers小題3:Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthepassage?A.鼓舞B,分心C.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)D,核對(duì)84、題4:Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn't duringschoolhours.usetheirmobilephonesleavetheirmobilephonesattheschoolofficehelptheteacherswiththeirworkgetintouchwiththeirchildren小題5:Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_studentsshouldn'thavemobilephonesatschoolexcept（除...タト）somespecialreasonsitisimpossibletostopstudentsfromusingmobilephonesatschoolsomeparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tusetheirphonesatschoolparentsshouldteachchildrenhowtousemobilephonesduringschoolhours【答案】CCBDA【解析】本文主要講中學(xué)生在學(xué)校使用手機(jī)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。學(xué)校教師認(rèn)為在學(xué)校用手機(jī)會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)。但是家長(zhǎng)卻認(rèn)為學(xué)生帶著手機(jī)可以方便聯(lián)系。許多人理解家長(zhǎng)希望學(xué)生帶手機(jī)去學(xué)校的原因,認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該歲學(xué)生使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間做出規(guī)定。小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二行SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours."澳大利亞許多學(xué)校已經(jīng)禁止學(xué)生在上課期間帶手機(jī)。"可知學(xué)校不允許學(xué)生在學(xué)校期間帶手機(jī)。故選Co小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句SeveralchildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem."ー些學(xué)生在圣誕節(jié)時(shí)候得到的禮物是手機(jī),更多的學(xué)生希望能夠得到手機(jī)。"可知在圣誕節(jié)時(shí)家長(zhǎng)和朋友送他們手機(jī)作為圣誕禮物。故選Co小題3:詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系上下文,由第二段第二行italsogivesteacherssomuchtroubleintheirclassrooms會(huì)給教師在上課時(shí)帶來(lái)許多麻煩可知該詞意思應(yīng)為對(duì)課堂教學(xué)及學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)不利的。故選B小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tgetintouchwiththeirchildren."許多家長(zhǎng)因不能及時(shí)聯(lián)系到他們的孩子而不高興?！笨芍麄儾桓吲d的原因是不能及時(shí)的聯(lián)系到他們的孩子。故選Do小題5:主旨大意題。本文主要講述內(nèi)容為學(xué)生除特殊情況,否則在學(xué)校時(shí)不應(yīng)帶手機(jī)。故選Ao【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀團(tuán)高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】隨堂課后練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】4【試題來(lái)源】【題目】Momstakecareoftheirchildrenlifeanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Thesearetherolesmomsanddadsfallintowhentheybecomeparentsandit'scommonamongallcultures.Buttimeschangeandparents'rolesseemtobechanging,too.Morewomenarebringinghomefoodbyhavingfull-timejobsandmenaretakingcareoftheirchildrenathome.ChineseTVshowWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?providesacloserlookatthechangingrolesofdadsinmodernfamilylife.Theshowfollowstheadventures（冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷）offivecelebrity（明星）dadswhotaketripswiththeiryoungchildren（aged4to6）andtrytocompleteasetoftasks.Itshowshowyoungdadsaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Youngdadsnolongerwanttobecold.Psychologists（心理學(xué)家）saythatastrongfatherlyinfluenceisimportantinachild'sdevelopment.Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.Achildlearnsthatifsomethinggoeswrong,heorshecandependondadtohelpfixit.Thepsychologistsalsosaythatwithoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.Amother'sloveisimportant,andsoisafather'slove.ChenMo,apsychologyprofessorsays,“Ittakesbothparentstoraiseachild.Childrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentagesandthisneedstobeconsideredbybothparents."9［選項(xiàng)］小題1:Whatarethecommonrolesofmomsanddadsinallcultures?Momstakecareoftheirchildrenanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Momsbringhomefoodbyhavingfull-timejobsanddadstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.Bothparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.Bothparentsgoouttowork,whilegrandparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.小題2:Whataretheyoungdadstryingtodointheshow?Theyaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Theyaretryingtocompleteasetoftaskswiththeirkids.Theyarealsotryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Theyaretryingtomakemoremoney.Theyaretryingtobecoldtotheirkids.小題3:Whyisastrongfatherlyinfluenceimportantinachild'sdevelopment?Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.Ifsomethinggoeswrong,achildcandependondadtohelpfixit.Withadad,achildcandobetterinschoolwork.Withoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.《、題4:Whatisachildmorepossibletodowithoutadad?StayoutlateGetintotroubleanddobadlyinschoolwork.Dropoutofschool.Dropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.＜］、題5:Whydoesittakebothparentstoraiseachild?Achildfeelssaferwithbothparents.Achildfeelshappierwithbothparents.Bothparentsneedtoconsiderthatchildrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentages.Itisboththefather/sandthemother'sdutytoraiseachild.【答案】ABADC【解析】這篇短文主要介紹了以前媽媽照顧孩子爸爸掙錢(qián)養(yǎng)家并制定家規(guī)的普遍現(xiàn)象隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展在有所變化。心理學(xué)家說(shuō),母愛(ài)是重要的,父愛(ài)也是非常重要的。孩子在不同年齡的有不同的需求,需要父母兩個(gè)人去思考。小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段Momstakecareoftheirchildrenlifeanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Thesearetherolesmomsanddadsfallintowhentheybecomeparentsandit'scommonamongallcultures.蒜述,可知媽媽照顧孩子爸爸給家庭帶來(lái)食物并制定家規(guī),這ー現(xiàn)象在所有文化中都是普遍的。故選A小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段...andtrytocompleteasetoftasks.Itshowshowyoungdads1oaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.駐,可知在節(jié)目中爸爸們所盡力做的事情。故選Bo小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段心理學(xué)家的話(huà)Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.?故選A。小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thepsychologistsalsosaythatwithoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.?故選Do小題5:歸納理解題。根據(jù)第四段心理學(xué)家的話(huà)“Ittakesbothparentstoraiseachild.Childrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentagesandthisneedstobeconsideredbybothparents,”可知因?yàn)楹⒆釉诓煌哪挲g有不同的需要,這需要父母兩個(gè)人去思考。所以需要父母共同撫養(yǎng)孩子。故選Co【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀國(guó)高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】課后兩周練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來(lái)源】【題目】Muchhasbeensaidandwrittenaboutheroesnow,mainlybecausemanypeoplethinkwehavetoofewofthem.Therearemanydifferentkindsofheroes,buttheyusuallyseemtohavetwothings.First,heroesshowtheirgreatpowerbyactions.Second,heroescanbetestedbythetime.Becauseofthesegoodpoints,weneedtochooseourheroescarefully.OlympicwinnerJackieJoyner-Kerseetellsyoungpeopletoworkhard.Shehopesthatifsomeonetriestocopyher,itwillbebecauseshehasgotsuccessbyworkinghard.Shesaysthataheroshouldaffectanotherperson'slife.PoetMayaAngeloubelievesthataheroencouragespeopletotreatotherswell.Aheroshouldshowpoliteness,courage,patience,andstrengthallthetime.Aheroshouldencourageotherstofollowhimwithactions,eventhoughonlyinsmallways.AuthorDanielBoorstinsuggeststhat,''Celebritiesarepeoplewhoappearonnewspapers,butheroesarepeoplewhomakehistory,"Ifapersonistrulyahero,heorshewillnotbesoonforgotten.Weallneedheroes.Weneedtobeabletorespect（尊重）peoplearoundus.Manytimes,thegreatestheroesarethepeoplewecanseeeveryday-ourrelatives,friends,andneighbours一whowillnevergiveupwhenfacingdifficulty.Theparentwhosupportsourfamily,theteacherwhowillmakemoremoneyatanotherjobbutchoosestohelpstudents—allthesepeoplecanbeconsideredasheroes.Aherosetsagoodexample,anexamplethatencouragesotherstofollow.【選項(xiàng)】小題Uoyner-Kerseehopesthatyoungpeople.A.willworkhardB.willbecomeheroesC.willfollowherD.willachievehergoal小題2:Theunderlinedword"celebrities"inParagraph4means.A.志愿者B.記者C.政客D,名人小題3:Fromthepassageweknowthat.therearefewerheroesthanbeforemanycommonpeoplesetexamplestousheroesshouldbepolite,patientandfamousheroeshavetodosomegreatthingsイ、題4:Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.WhatHeroesDoB.WhoAreHeroes11C.HowHeroesLiveD.WhereHeroesare【答案】ADBB【解析】這篇短文主要講述了英雄這個(gè)話(huà)題。英雄可以給人帶來(lái)鼓勵(lì),但人們?cè)谶x擇英雄時(shí)要認(rèn)真考慮。奧運(yùn)冠軍希望她的努力能帶給人榜樣;英雄還應(yīng)該能引導(dǎo)人們跟隨他的行為。在日常生活中,我們身邊的平凡人都可以成為我們的英雄,他們的不放棄和對(duì)家庭的扶持都可以是我們的榜樣。小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容〇lympicwinnerJackieJoyner?Kerseetellsyoungpeopletoworkhard.奧運(yùn)冠軍ackieJoyner-Kersee告訴年輕人要努力工作;故選A。小題2:詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前后文Celebritiesarepeoplewhoappearonnewspapers,butheroesarepeoplewhomakehistory.名人出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上,而英雄創(chuàng)造歷史;celebrities名人,故選Do小題3:判斷推理題題。根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容Manytimes,thegreatestheroesarethepeoplewecanseeeveryday-ourrelatives,friends,andneighbours—whowillnevergiveupwhenfacingdifficulty很多時(shí)候,最偉大的英雄在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪卸寄芤?jiàn)到,我們的親人,朋友,鄰居,他們面對(duì)困難從不放棄;故選B,很多平凡的人給我們樹(shù)立了榜樣。小題4:標(biāo)題歸納題。這篇文章主要講述了誰(shuí)オ是英雄這個(gè)問(wèn)題,故選Bo【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】議論類(lèi)文章閱讀團(tuán)高（初）【適用場(chǎng)合】課后ー個(gè)月練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】4【試題來(lái)源】【題目】TheOxfordEnglishDictionary（OED,牛津英語(yǔ)詞典）isthinkingofaddingtheChinesewordtuhao（土豪）toits2014edition（版本）.ThewordhasbecomepopularinChinaduringthepastfewmonthstodescribenewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinextravagant（鋪張的,浪費(fèi)的）ways.TuhaohascaughtoninWesterncountries,too,todescribesimilarpeopleintheircountries.Theadoption（采用）ofthewordbyforeigncountriesisanexampleofChina'sspreadinginfluenceintheworldnotjusteconomically,butalsosociallyandculturally.PeoplearepayingattentiontowhatishappeninginChinaandarepickingupsomeChinesewordsintheprocess,especiallythosewordsthatexpressunique（獨(dú)特的）Chineseideasthatcannotbeeasilytranslated（翻譯）intoEnglish.TheOEDisalsothinkingofaddinghukou（戶(hù)ロ）anddama（大媽?zhuān)﹖othealready120Chinesewordsinitsdictionary.Hukourefersto（指的是）China/ssystemofresidencypermits（戶(hù)籍系統(tǒng)）anddamareferstomiddle-agedChinesewomenwhosegoldbuyinghabitsinfluencetheglobalgoldmarkets.ThenewsthattheOEDwasaddingthesewordshasmetwithsomecriticism（批評(píng)）.Somepeoplesaythewordsembarrass（使人尷尬）China,butothersinsistthatinaglobalized（全球化的）societyit'snaturalforwordstospreadandbeadoptedelsewhere.Infact,awordliketuhaoexpressesthehumorofChina.It'seasytopronounce（發(fā)音）andveryaccurate（精準(zhǔn)的）atpokingfunat（嘲弄）richpeoplewhohavemoremoneythantaste.【選項(xiàng)】小題1:maybeadoptedintheOxfordEnglishDictionaryin2014accordingtothepassage.A.TuhaoB.HukouC.DamaD.Allabove小題2:canbecalled“tuhao"accordingtothepassage.AllnewlyrichpeoplePeoplewhoowntheirmoneyeasilyPeoplewholovemoneyverymuchNewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinanextravagantway小題3:Theunderlinedword“caughton"（inParagraph2）mostprobablymeans.A.流行B.繼續(xù)C.接受D.蔓延小題4:Thelastparagraphmainlytalksabout.humorofChinesestylecriticismontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOEDsupportontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOEDdifferentopinionsontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOED【答案】DDAD【解析】這篇短文主要講述中國(guó)當(dāng)今一些流行詞匯正在考慮被納入2014牛津詞典當(dāng)中。比如土豪、戶(hù)口、大媽這樣的詞,但是關(guān)于這些詞意還有一些爭(zhēng)議。小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段TheOxfordEnglishDictionary（OED,牛津英語(yǔ)詞典）isthinkingofaddingtheChinesewordtuhao（土豪）toits2014edition（版本）.和第四段第一行TheOEDisalsothinkingofaddinghukou（戶(hù)ロ）anddama（大媽?zhuān)﹖othealready120Chinesewordsinitsdictionary.可知,土豪、戶(hù)口和大媽這三個(gè)詞都可能會(huì)被納入2014版牛津詞典。故選Do小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一行ThewordhasbecomepopularinChinaduringthepastfewmonthstodescribenewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinextravagant（鋪張的,浪費(fèi)的）ways,