考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東省外語(yǔ)藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東省外語(yǔ)藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Her30-yearstudyoftheGombeNationalParkchimpanzeesisthelargestcontinuousfieldprojecteverrecorded.Ithasmadeher—andthechimpanzees—aliving______,earningherhonorarydegrees,doctoratesandwildlifeconservationawardsallovertheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.legend

B.specimen

C.maximum

D.document

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”；B選項(xiàng)specimen“樣本”；C選項(xiàng)maximum“最大限度”；D選項(xiàng)document“文件”。句意：她花了30年研究貢貝國(guó)家公園里的黑猩猩，是有記錄以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目。這讓她和黑猩猩們成為活生生的______，并獲得了世界各地的榮譽(yù)學(xué)位、博士學(xué)位和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是有記錄以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目，超出了人們的想象，A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Mycatisafussyeater,butmydogisso（）thatshe’llswallowdownanythingthatisputinfrontofher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indiscriminate

B.choosy

C.indefinite

D.picky

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indiscriminate“不加選擇的”；B選項(xiàng)choosy“好挑剔的”；C選項(xiàng)indefinite“不確定的，無(wú)限的”；D選項(xiàng)picky“挑剔的”。句意：我的貓很挑食，但我的狗卻不加選擇地吃任何擺在她面前的東西。根據(jù)句意可知，填空處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)和fussy（愛(ài)挑剔的）意思相反的單詞，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

“Ineveryknownhumansocietythemale'sneedsforachievementcanberecognized...Inagreaternumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirright,orability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.Theirmalenessinfacthastobeunderwrittenbypreventingwomenfromenteringsomefieldorperformingsomefeat."

ThisistheconclusionofanthropologistMargaretMeadaboutthewayinwhichtherolesofmenandwomeninsocietyshouldbedistinguished.

Iftalkandprintareconsidered,itwouldseemthattheformalemancipationofwomenisfarfromcomplete.Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageofwomenandaboutthecomplicatedsystemofdefenseswhichmenhavethrownuparoundtheirhithertoacceptedadvantages,takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen'spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.

Thereareagoodmanyobjectivepiecesofevidencefortheerosionofmen'sstatus.Inthefirstplace,thereisthewidespreadpostwarphenomenonofthewomanPrimeMinister,inIndia,SriLankaandIsrael.

Secondly,thereistheverylargeincreaseinthenumberofwomenwhowork,especiallymarriedwomenandmothersofchildren.Morediffuselytherearetheincreasinglynumerousconvergencesbetweenmaleandfemalebehavior:theapproximationtoidenticalstylesindressandcoiffure,thesharingofdomestictasks,andtheadmissionofwomentoallsortsofhithertoexclusivelymaleleisure-timeactivities.

Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople'ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.Amorousinitiativeisfirmlyreservedtotheman,whosetaboutcourtshipwithaclub.

1.Thephrase“men'ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey（）.

2.Thethirdparagraph（）.

3.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph（）.

4.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomen

B.takeinitiativeincourtship

C.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”

D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenare

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.generallyagreeswiththefirstparagraph

B.hasnoconnectionwiththefirstparagraph

C.repeatstheargumentofthesecondparagraph

D.contradictsthelastparagraph

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeology

B.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehave

C.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjoke

D.provesthattheman,notwoman,shouldbethewooer

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.approvesof

B.arguesisnatural

C.completelyrejects

D.expectstogoonchanging

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Thephrase“men’ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey______.1.第一段中的“男性對(duì)其性別角色的確定”表明他們______。

A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomenA.對(duì)自己吸引女人的能力有信心

B.takeinitiativeincourtshipB.在求愛(ài)時(shí)采取主動(dòng)

C.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”C.對(duì)什么是“有男子氣概的”有一個(gè)清晰的概念

D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenareD.往往比女人更不道德

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段第二句“在更多的人類社會(huì)中，男人對(duì)其性別角色的確信與他們從事某些婦女不被允許從事的活動(dòng)的權(quán)利或能力緊密聯(lián)系在一起”，可知男人對(duì)其性別角色的確信與某些婦女不能從事的活動(dòng)有關(guān)；結(jié)合下一句“事實(shí)上，男人的男權(quán)意識(shí)通過(guò)阻止女性進(jìn)入社會(huì)的某種特殊領(lǐng)域或者阻止她們?cè)谏鐣?huì)中取得某種杰出成績(jī)而受到資助和支持”，綜合理解可知，男性要通過(guò)阻止女性從事男性化的領(lǐng)域來(lái)保證自己的男權(quán)意識(shí)。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)什么是‘有男子氣概的’有一個(gè)清晰的概念”符合題干。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己吸引女人的能力有信心”和D項(xiàng)“往往比女人更不道德”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有；

B項(xiàng)“在求愛(ài)時(shí)采取主動(dòng)”是原始生活社會(huì)的描述，與題干無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thethirdparagraph______.2.第三段______。

A.generallyagreeswiththefirstparagraphA.與第一段基本一致

B.hasnoconnectionwiththefirstparagraphB.和第一段沒(méi)有關(guān)系

C.repeatstheargumentofthesecondparagraphC.重復(fù)第二段的論點(diǎn)

D.contradictsthelastparagraphD.與最后一段相矛盾

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】第三段主要講女性的正式解放似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有完成，而第一段主要講男性對(duì)自己性別角色的確信與他們從事女性不允許從事的活動(dòng)的權(quán)利或能力有關(guān)，這是對(duì)女性的不認(rèn)可，說(shuō)明兩段表達(dá)的意思是一致的，所以A選項(xiàng)“與第一段基本一致”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“和第一段沒(méi)有關(guān)系”不具體，曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“重復(fù)第二段的論點(diǎn)”，第二段的內(nèi)容是“這是人類學(xué)家瑪格麗特?米德關(guān)于區(qū)分男性和女性在社會(huì)中的角色的方法得出的結(jié)論”，是對(duì)第一段的總結(jié)，和第三段沒(méi)什么關(guān)系，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“與最后一段相矛盾”，最后一段主要講原始生活中關(guān)于性別角色的明確概念，與第三段是相呼應(yīng)的，該項(xiàng)反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph______.3.最后一段中關(guān)于穴居人的通常觀點(diǎn)______。

A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeologyA.是基于考古學(xué)的研究

B.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehaveB.說(shuō)明了人們期望男人如何表現(xiàn)

C.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjokeC.被作者當(dāng)作一個(gè)無(wú)關(guān)緊要的笑話而不予理會(huì)

D.provesthattheman,notwoman,shouldbethewooerD.證明了求婚者應(yīng)該是男人，而不是女人

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段第二句“它更多地是通過(guò)研究幽默漫畫(huà)而不是考古學(xué)獲得的，但這并不重要，因?yàn)樗鳛槔碚摬⒉恢匾?，但只是作為一種內(nèi)在的期望的表達(dá)，這種期望是人們對(duì)于兩性角色的區(qū)分，在本質(zhì)上是正確的”，這句話闡述了人們內(nèi)心所期望的男性在社會(huì)中的適當(dāng)角色。因此，B項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明了人們期望男人如何表現(xiàn)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“是基于考古學(xué)的研究”與原文不符，它是通過(guò)研究幽默漫畫(huà)獲得的，曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“被作者當(dāng)作一個(gè)無(wú)關(guān)緊要的笑話而不予理會(huì)”沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“證明了求婚者應(yīng)該是男人，而不是女人”只是B項(xiàng)中的一個(gè)部分，以偏概全。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor______.4.瑪格麗特?米德的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白總結(jié)了一種男女關(guān)系，作者對(duì)這種關(guān)系是______。

A.approvesofA.贊同的

B.arguesisnaturalB.認(rèn)為是自然的

C.completelyrejectsC.完全反對(duì)的

D.expectstogoonchangingD.希望持續(xù)改變的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“事實(shí)上，男人的男權(quán)意識(shí)通過(guò)阻止女性進(jìn)入社會(huì)的某種特殊領(lǐng)域或者阻止她們?cè)谏鐣?huì)中取得某種杰出成績(jī)而受到資助和支持”，以及第三段第一句中的“……婦女的正式解放似乎還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有完成（farfromcomplete）”由此推斷，作者期望男女之間的關(guān)系仍然需要繼續(xù)變化和改進(jìn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“贊同的”、B項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為是自然的”和C項(xiàng)“完全反對(duì)的”不符合原文，曲解原文。

4.單選題

______thatasbothbirdsandmammalsbecomelarger,theirmetabolicratesperunitoftissuedecrease,andtheygenerallylivelonger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thetruth

B.Itistrue

C.Iftrue

D.Tobetrue

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：的確，隨著鳥(niǎo)類和哺乳動(dòng)物的體型變大，它們每單位組織的代謝率會(huì)下降，它們通常會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)。Itis/was+adj.+that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，It作形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that后面的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)Itistrue符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Maskedgunmen（）intheofficesofaFrenchsatiricalnewspaperonWednesday,thepolicesaid,withinitialreportssayingthatasmanyas11peoplehadbeenkilledand10wounded.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.openedfire

B.wereopeningfire

C.openedfires

D.wasopeningafire

【答案】A

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)thepolicesaid可判斷，這個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，再有固定搭配“openfire”，意為“開(kāi)火”。句意：警方稱，蒙面槍手周三在一家法國(guó)諷刺新聞的辦公室里開(kāi)火了，最初報(bào)道稱多達(dá)11人被殺，10人受傷。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisacollectionofphotos.

B.Itisanintroductiontomusic.

C.ItisaboutthecityofBruges.

D.ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.

B.Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

C.WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

D.WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

B.TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.

C.TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

D.ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

B.Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

C.Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

D.Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:Mr.DeKeyzer,I’magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter?

M:In2006,[6]whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecame[5]thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.

W:[5]Youwroteinthebook,“Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster;Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?

M:[7]Itisclearnowthatit’samatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.

W:Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject?

M:Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,[8]whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.

W:Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.

5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于《洪水來(lái)臨前》這本書(shū)，男士說(shuō)了什么？錄音開(kāi)頭，男士提到他受邀為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝以水為主題的照片時(shí)恰巧在海邊工作，因有感于如此美麗的海灘日后有可能因氣候?yàn)?zāi)難而消失于水下，便將這種對(duì)潛在危險(xiǎn)的恐懼作為一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject（一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題）可知，男士認(rèn)為MomentsBeforetheFlood是一本照片集，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“它是一本介紹音樂(lè)的書(shū)”和C選項(xiàng)“它是一本關(guān)于布魯日市的書(shū)”只是利用個(gè)別詞來(lái)設(shè)置干擾，與題干不相干，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“一本講述歐洲歷史的書(shū)”，錄音最后雖然提及歐洲的歷史，但歐洲歷史只是其中的一部分內(nèi)容，并不是完全講述歐洲歷史，因此D選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確。

6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士是什么時(shí)候想到開(kāi)始這個(gè)工作的？錄音開(kāi)頭，女士便詢問(wèn)男士一開(kāi)始是怎樣對(duì)這一主題感興趣的。男士回答當(dāng)時(shí)布魯日市的音樂(lè)廳要求他為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列以水為主題的照片，B選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列照片”是對(duì)錄音原文的概括，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“寫(xiě)關(guān)于比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)的文章”，錄音只是提及男士受邀為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝照片時(shí)，他正好在比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)工作，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；C選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)在意大利沿海城市度假”在錄音中并沒(méi)有提及；D選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為布魯日音樂(lè)廳繪畫(huà)”主要錯(cuò)在painting一詞，與原文表述的takesomepictures不符，因此可排除。

7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)當(dāng)氣候?yàn)?zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么?錄音開(kāi)頭，女士請(qǐng)男士就書(shū)中的一句話進(jìn)行解釋：“我不想拍攝日后的災(zāi)難情景，我只想在災(zāi)難來(lái)臨前拍下最后的美好”。男士回答道，現(xiàn)在很清楚的是，整個(gè)歐洲海岸線消失在水下只是個(gè)時(shí)間問(wèn)題。C選項(xiàng)中的besubmerged是錄音中disappearsunderwater的同義替換，因此C選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)歐洲海岸將會(huì)被淹沒(méi)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“歐洲豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)將會(huì)完全失去”；B選項(xiàng)“歐洲的海水將會(huì)被嚴(yán)重污染”和D選項(xiàng)“主要的歐洲景點(diǎn)將會(huì)消失”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于威尼斯，男士說(shuō)了什么？男士最后提及，威尼斯這個(gè)城市一直都被海水威脅著，每天早上游客都要踏著搭建好的木板小道到達(dá)自己的旅店。A選項(xiàng)“早上游客們通過(guò)木制的小路到達(dá)旅館”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“吸引了大批來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)外的游客”；C選項(xiàng)“人們沒(méi)有船就不能四處走動(dòng)”和D選項(xiàng)“水道日益受到污染”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

7.單選題

Today,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilities

B.appliances

C.instruments

D.equipment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)facility（其復(fù)數(shù)形式為facilities）“設(shè)施；設(shè)備；容易”；B選項(xiàng)appliances“器械，裝置；家用電器”；C選項(xiàng)instrument“儀器；工具”；D選項(xiàng)equipment“設(shè)備，裝備；器材”。句意：如今，家務(wù)已因家用電氣而變得更容易。根據(jù)句中“housework家務(wù)”可知“家用電器”符合語(yǔ)境，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Christoldustohandin

ourtermpapernextMonday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.towriteourpaperbyhand

B.tosubmit

C.tocorrect

D.toproof-read

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。題目中handin表示“提交，遞交；呈送；上交”，A選項(xiàng)為“手寫(xiě)論文”；B選項(xiàng)為“提交；呈送”；C選項(xiàng)為“改正”；D選項(xiàng)表示“校對(duì)”。句意：克麗絲告訴我們，下周一要交學(xué)期論文。因此，根據(jù)句意可知正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

9.填空題

[A]Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningabouttheissuesthatdividepeople.Learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainmutualrespect,andunderstanding—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”anargument.

[B]Ofcourse,manydiscussionsarenotsosuccessful.Still,weneedtobecarefulnottoaccuseopponentsofbadargumentstooquickly.Weneedtolearnhowtoevaluatethemproperly.Alargepartofevaluationiscallingoutbadarguments,butwealsoneedtoadmitgoodargumentsbyopponentsandtoapplythesamecriticalstandardstoourselves.Humilityrequiresyoutorecognizeweaknessinyourownargumentsandsometimesalsotoacceptreasonsontheoppositeside.

[C]Noneofthesewillbeeasybutyoucanstartevenifothersrefuseto.Nexttimeyoustateyourposition,formulateanargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Nexttimeyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview.Spellouttheirargumentfullyandcharitably.Assessitsstrengthimpartially.Raiseobjectionsandlistencarefullytotheirreplies.

[D]Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,verbalfightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Yourprospectswouldbealmostasdismalifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennisgames.Parisofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinneremergesfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindofthinkingiswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments,especiallyaboutpoliticsandreligion.

[E]Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:"thereisonlyoneway...togetthebestofanargument—andthatistoavoidit."Thisaversiontoargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesprofoundproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.

[F]Theseviewsofargumentsalsounderminereason.Ifyouseeaconversationasafightorcompetition,youcanwinbycheatingaslongasyoudon'tgetcaught.Youwillbehappytoconvincepeoplewithbadarguments.Youcancalltheirviewsstupid,orjokeabouthowignoranttheyare.Noneofthesetrickswillhelpyouunderstandthem,theirpositionsortheissuesthatdivideyou,buttheycanhelpyouwin—inoneway.

[G]Thereisabetterwaytowinarguments.Imaginethatyoufavorincreasingtheminimumwageinourstate,andIdonot.Ifyouyell,“yes,”andIyell,“No,”neitherofuslearnsanything.Weneitherunderstandnorrespecteachother,andwehavenobasisforcompromiseorcooperation.Incontrast,supposeyougiveareasonableargument:thatfull-timeworkersshouldnothavetoliveinpoverty.ThenIcounterwithanotherreasonableargument:thatahigherminimumwagewillforcebusinessestoemployfewerpeopleforlesstime.Nowwecanunderstandeachother'spositionsandrecognizeoursharedvalues,sincewebothcareaboutneedyworkers.

1.____→2.____→F→3.____→4.____→C→5.____

【答案】1.E

2.D

3.G

4.B

5.A

【解析】1.段落排序解題若首段未給出，首先需要大家通讀全部選項(xiàng)首句話，本文首句話中的句間銜接關(guān)系排除選首段。本篇文章中，A選項(xiàng)第一句話中含有指代關(guān)系詞these，故根據(jù)該詞確定本選項(xiàng)直接排除，B選項(xiàng)有ofcause銜接上下文的詞出現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)可以作為首段的可能選項(xiàng)，E選項(xiàng)也可以作為首段的可能選項(xiàng)，G選項(xiàng)首句中含有betterway比較級(jí)，故本題的答案應(yīng)在D或E選項(xiàng)中得出，根據(jù)D選項(xiàng)人物Carnegie和E選項(xiàng)人物DaleCarnegie的名稱特點(diǎn)，可以得知首次出現(xiàn)應(yīng)為全名形式，故本題的答案應(yīng)為E選項(xiàng)。

2.首段為Carnegie的觀點(diǎn)信息，故下段復(fù)現(xiàn)應(yīng)為該人物的觀點(diǎn)承接，通過(guò)掃讀剩下的選項(xiàng)可知該題只有D選項(xiàng)可以承接。

3.該題上一段最后一句話為“Noneofthesetrickswillhelpyouunderstandthem,theirpositionsortheissuesthatdivideyou,buttheycanhelpyouwin—inoneway.”可知thesetricks是對(duì)上文信息的否定，下文應(yīng)該復(fù)現(xiàn)winarguments的肯定的表述，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)分析可知G選項(xiàng)首句Thereisabetterwaytowinarguments，正好與F選項(xiàng)尾句形成首尾銜接。

4.該題上段為G段，尾句講述的是Nowwecanunderstandeachother'spositionsandrecognizeoursharedvalues,sincewebothcareaboutneedyworkers.而根據(jù)銜接可確定G段講述的是成功的討論，B選項(xiàng)首句notsosuccessful正銜接上文，轉(zhuǎn)折講述不成功的案例。

5.上段C選項(xiàng)中Nexttimeyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview.Spellouttheirargumentfullyandcharitably.Assessitsstrengthimpartially.Raiseobjectionsandlistencarefullytotheirreplies.最后這幾句話主要講的是有關(guān)于談話的四種手段，正好與A選項(xiàng)首句中的Thesetools形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，故本題答案應(yīng)為A選項(xiàng)。

10.填空題

AOh,ProfessorDonaldson,it’ssuch（1）honortomeetyou!I’vereadallyourbooksandasmanyofyourarticlesasIcouldgetmyhandson.

BYou’renotZhangQing,areyou?

A,（2）buthowdoyouknowmyname?

BProf.LitoldmetobesuretomeetyouwhenIvisitedthecampus.Hesaidyouwereveryinterestedinourresearch.

AThat’strue,andI'vebeen（3）forwardtomeetingyoueversinceIheardyouwerecomingtoBeijing.

句意:

哦，唐納森教授，非常榮幸見(jiàn)到你！我己拜讀過(guò)您所有的書(shū)籍，且閱讀了大量我所能接觸到的你的文章。

你不是張青嗎？

我就是，但您是怎么知道我的名字的？

李教授讓我務(wù)必在參觀校園時(shí)與你見(jiàn)面。他說(shuō)你對(duì)我們的研宄很感興趣。是的，自從聽(tīng)說(shuō)您要來(lái)北京后，我就一直期盼著與你見(jiàn)面。

【答案】1.an

2.Yes

3.looking

【解析】1.語(yǔ)法題。Such跟honor之間用不定冠詞，因?yàn)閔onor以元音發(fā)音開(kāi)頭，故用an。

2.語(yǔ)法題。當(dāng)反意疑問(wèn)句的前半部分是否定，后半部分是肯定時(shí)，如果事實(shí)是肯定，就用Yes，如果事實(shí)是否定就用No。

3.固定搭配。lookforwardto:盼望，希望。句中用到現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故用looking。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1.今天，被近千年的傳統(tǒng)所束縛并且缺少充足政府資助的牛津大學(xué)，難以輕松應(yīng)對(duì)加快了的全球教育變革步伐。不管對(duì)錯(cuò)與否，其他學(xué)校都重點(diǎn)建設(shè)商務(wù)類的課程時(shí)，牛津尤其慢慢吞吞，或者很不情愿如此，這樣在資源競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中就落在劍橋這樣的大學(xué)之后，而這些資源傾向于流向看重商務(wù)的學(xué)校。

2.自2008年以來(lái)，快遞數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)的一半都來(lái)自于“海淘”買(mǎi)家。因此，盡管近年來(lái)貿(mào)易總體增長(zhǎng)緩慢，但跨境電子商務(wù)的興起讓快遞公司仍然生意興隆，國(guó)際快遞三大巨頭最新季度收入創(chuàng)下新高。不過(guò)快遞業(yè)面臨著一個(gè)新的挑戰(zhàn)：由于特朗普的保護(hù)主義傾向和英國(guó)脫歐(Brexit)，貿(mào)易壁壘將重新回歸。

【答案】1.Today,OxfordUniversitythathasbeenlimitedbyatraditionofaboutonethousandyearsandlackedsufficientgovernmentalfunding,isdifficulttocopewiththequickenedpaceofglobaleducationrevolution.Whetherrightlyorwrongly,whileotheruniversitiesarepayingattentiontobuildingbusinesscourses,OxfordUniversityisparticularlyslowtofollow.Consequently,ithasfallenbehinduniversitieslikeCambridgeUniversityinresourcecompetitionwhichtendtoflowtouniversitiesthatfocusesonbusinesscourses.

2.Since2008,halfofthegrowthinthevolumeofexpressdeliveryhasderivedfrombuyerswhomaketheirpurchasesin“cross-borderonlineshopping.”Therefore,althoughoveralltradegrowthhasbeenslowinrecentyears,theriseofcross-bordere-commercehasstillallowedexpresscompaniestodrivearoaringtrade.Thethreebiggestinternationalexpresscompanieshavereachedanewhighintheirlatestquarterlyrevenue.Buttheexpressindustryisfacedwithanewchallenge:tradebarrierswillreturnduetoTrump'sprotectionisttendenciesandBrexit.

12.單選題

Thefirstthingwedidwaslookforerrorsinourexperimentaldesignandforeveryconceivable（

）thatcouldhaveledusastray.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposition

B.scenario

C.illustration

D.scheme

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞辨析。exposition博覽會(huì)，展覽會(huì)；scenario方案，可能的情景；illustration例證，圖解；scheme計(jì)劃。句意：我們首先要做的事就是查找實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)中的錯(cuò)誤和可能誤導(dǎo)我們走人歧途的每一個(gè)能想到的可能情景。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

CharlesDickens,likemillionsofchildrenallovertheworldthroughouttheages,wasenchantedbyfairytales.Heacknowledgedthedeepformativeimpactthatthewondrousfiguresandeventsoffairytaleshelpschildrenbetterthananythingelseintheirmostdifficult,yetmostimportantandsatisfyingtask;achievingamorematureconsciousnesstotamethechaoticpressureoftheirunconsciousness.

Fairytales,unlikeanyotherformofliterature,directchildrentodiscovertheiridentityandcalling.Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.Theypromisethatifonedarestoengageinthisfearsomeandtaxingsearch,benevolentpowerswillcometoone’said,andthatonewillsucceed.Butfairytalesalsowarnthatthosewhoaretootimidornarrow-mindedtoriskthem-selvesmustsettleforhumdrumexistence.

Inthepast,thosewholovedfairytaleswereoftensubjectedtothescornofpedants.Buttodaymanyofourchildrenaredeprivedofthechancetoknowfairystoriesatall.Mostchildrennowmeetfairytales,iftheyencounterthematall,onlyinprettifiedversionsthatsubduetheirmeaningandrobthemofalldeepersignificance.Onecanseesuchversionsinfilmsandontelevision,wherefairytalesaretamedintoempty-mindedentertainment.

Throughouthistory,theintellectuallifeofchildrenlargelydependedonmythicalandreligiousstories,andonfairytales.Thistraditionalliteraturefedchildren’simaginationandstimulatedtheirfantasies.Atthesametime,thesestorieswereamajoragentofthechild’ssocialization.Childrencouldlearnsocialidealsfromthematerialofmyths,whilefairytalesprovidepatternsofbehaviormodeledontheseideals.Theseweretheimagesoftheunconqueredheroes,whoselifehistoryshowedthatitisnotbeneaththedignityofthestrongesttocleanthefilthieststable.

1.TheauthorcitedDickensinorderto______.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat______.

3.TheauthoridentifiedallofthefollowingasbenefitschildrenderivefromfairytalesEXCEPT______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,today’schildrenseldomexperiencefairytalesintheoriginalbecausetheseliteraryformsare______.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.callattentiontoapersonwhobeganbywritingfairytales

B.supporttheauthor’sscornforthosewhoadaptfairytalesforfilmsandtelevision

C.provetheformativeinfluenceoffairytalesonwriters

D.provideanexampleofonewhounderstandstheimportanceoffairytalestochildren

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mostfairytalesaresuccessstories

B.childrenlearntheirmorallessonfromfairytales

C.mostfairytalesaretoodifficultforchildrentocomprehend

D.childrenoftenidentifythemselveswiththecharactersinfairytales

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.expressingcomplexissuesinlanguagechildrencanunderstand

B.servingasintroductionstocomplexquestionsbyrewardinglifestyles

C.teachingchildrenthewisdomoffacingriskstoachievemorefulfillinglives

D.improvingachild’simaginationthroughmodelsofvividimagery

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nolongeravailable

B.notunderstandabletochildren

C.shortenedtoentertaining

D.norelevanttotheconcernsofcontemporarychildren

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Manyoftoday’schildrenlacktheimportantsocializinginfluenceofmythsandfairytales.

B.Fairytalesprovidemodelsforhumanfeelingsandarethereforeessentialtothegrowthofchildren.

C.Thebestwaytotameachild’sunconsciousbeingistoallowhimtoexperiencefairytales.

D.Thediminishingimportanceoftheroleoffairytalesinchilddevelopmentexplainstoday’sproblems.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.作者意圖題。文章開(kāi)頭提到“CharlesDickens,likemillionsofchildrenallovertheworldthroughouttheages,wasenchantedbyfairytales.Heacknowledgedthedeepformativeimpactthatthewondrousfiguresandeventsoffairytaleshelpschildrenbetterthananythingelseintheirmostdifficult,yetmostimportantandsatisfyingtask...（查爾斯?狄更斯，就像那個(gè)時(shí)代世界上數(shù)百萬(wàn)的孩子一樣，為童話故事所陶醉。他承認(rèn)童話故事中奇妙的人物和事件對(duì)孩子們的成長(zhǎng)有著深刻的影響，在他們最困難、最重要、最令人滿意的任務(wù)中，這些人物和事件比其他任何東西都更有幫助……）”，由此可知查爾斯?狄更斯是作者引用的一個(gè)用來(lái)說(shuō)明童話故事對(duì)孩子們的重要性的一個(gè)例子，所以D選項(xiàng)“提供一個(gè)理解童話故事對(duì)孩子重要性的例子”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“引起對(duì)一個(gè)開(kāi)始寫(xiě)童話故事的人的注意”；B選項(xiàng)“支持作者對(duì)那些把童話故事改編成電影和電視的人的蔑視”；C選項(xiàng)“論證童話對(duì)作家的形成影響”都不如D選項(xiàng)更符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。第二段提到“Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.Theypromisethatifonedarestoengageinthisfearsomeandtaxingsearch,benevolentpowerswillcometoone’said,andthatonewillsucceed.（這些故事暗示，一個(gè)人即使身處逆境，也能過(guò)上美好而有意義的生活。他們承諾，如果一個(gè)人敢于進(jìn)行可怕而費(fèi)力的探索，仁慈的力量將會(huì)來(lái)幫助他，他就會(huì)成功。）”，由此可知童話故事大部分都是成功的故事，所以A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)童話故事都是成功的故事”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“孩子們從童話中吸取道德教訓(xùn)”；C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)童話故事對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)太難理解了”以及D選項(xiàng)“孩子們常常認(rèn)同童話里的人物”該段落都沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.（這些故事暗示，一個(gè)人即使身處逆境，也能過(guò)上美好而有意義的生活。）”可知B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)生活方式來(lái)介紹復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題”正確；根據(jù)第一段最后一句“achievingamorematureconsciousnesstotamethechaoticpressureoftheirunconsciousness.（獲得更成熟的意識(shí)來(lái)馴服他們無(wú)意識(shí)的混亂壓力。）”可知C選項(xiàng)“教孩子們面對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的智慧，以實(shí)現(xiàn)更充實(shí)的生活”正確；根據(jù)最后一段“Thistraditionalliteraturefedchildren’simaginationandstimulatedtheirfantasies.（這種傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)豐富了孩子們的想象力，激發(fā)了他們的幻想。）”可知D選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)生動(dòng)形象的模型來(lái)提高孩子的想象力”正確，只有A選項(xiàng)“用孩子們能理解的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題”文章沒(méi)有提及，因此該題應(yīng)選A選項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Mostchildrennowmeetfairytales,iftheyencounterthematall,onlyinprettifiedversionsthatsubduetheirmeaningandrobthemofalldeepersignificance.Onecanseesuchversionsinfilmsandontelevision,wherefairytalesaretamedintoempty-mindedentertainment.（大多數(shù)孩子現(xiàn)在看到的童話，如果他們能看到的話，也只是經(jīng)過(guò)美化的版本，削弱了它們的意義，剝奪了它們所有更深層次的意義。人們可以在電影和電視上看到這樣的版本，童話故事被馴服為空洞的娛樂(lè)消遣）”，由此可知現(xiàn)在的兒童很少體驗(yàn)到原始的童話故事是因?yàn)樗鼈儽幌鳒p美化成了娛樂(lè)消遣，所以C選項(xiàng)“削減為娛樂(lè)”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“不再提供”；B選項(xiàng)“兒童不能理解”；D選項(xiàng)“與當(dāng)代兒童的關(guān)注無(wú)關(guān)”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要闡述童話故事對(duì)兒童成長(zhǎng)的重要性。第一段以例子說(shuō)明童話故事對(duì)兒童的深刻影響；第二段描寫(xiě)童話故事對(duì)兒童精神世界的影響；第三段主要分析了當(dāng)今社會(huì)兒童很少體驗(yàn)到原始童話故事的問(wèn)題；第四段主要說(shuō)明了童話故事對(duì)兒童智力以及情感方面的影響。綜上且結(jié)合全文，B選項(xiàng)“童話故事為人類情感提供了模型，因此對(duì)兒童的成長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要”最能表達(dá)文章的主旨。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)今許多兒童缺乏神話和童話故事的重要社會(huì)影響”；C選項(xiàng)“馴服孩子潛意識(shí)的最好方法是讓他體驗(yàn)童話故事”；D選項(xiàng)“童話在兒童發(fā)展中作用的重要性的下降解釋了今天的問(wèn)題”都不如B選項(xiàng)貼合文章大意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

如果你是那種看著別人的生活就羨慕，對(duì)自己的生活提不起精神的人，也許你需要把握生活，做些改變。很多人每天從早到晚做同樣的事情，對(duì)現(xiàn)狀感到非常滿足并很快樂(lè)。但是，如果你覺(jué)得自己的潛能被浪費(fèi)，內(nèi)心深處渴望更活躍刺激的生活，你就需要采取一些積極的行動(dòng)。

你會(huì)覺(jué)得如果你處在另一種環(huán)境，你肯定會(huì)掌握好局面，為更宏大目標(biāo)而努力。如果你真這樣想過(guò)，那就不應(yīng)該被無(wú)法改變的現(xiàn)狀所難倒，不要為自己為什么不開(kāi)始行動(dòng)找借口，也不要為自己找為什么不去充分發(fā)揮潛能的理由了。

如果人滿腹激情，也有能力干一番事業(yè)，就不要浪費(fèi)自己的才能。停止抱怨，命運(yùn)掌握在自己手里！現(xiàn)在該是人停止自欺欺人、認(rèn)識(shí)到岸上的安全可能要比你所想的更具有破壞性的時(shí)候了。

【答案】Ifyouarethatkindofpersonwhoadmiresothers’livesandislow-spiritedtoyourownlife,youneedtoholdyourlifeandmakesomechanges.Manypeopledothesamethingfrommorningtonightandfeelverysatisfiedwithcurrentsituation.However,ifyouthinkthatyourpotentialiswastedandyouexpecttohaveamoreactiveandexcitinglifedeeplyinyourheart,youneedtotakesomepositiveactions.

Youwouldimaginethatifyouareplacedinanotherenvironment,youwillbecontrolthesituationbetter,andmakegreateffortsformoreambitiousgoals.Ifyoureallythoughtaboutthis,youshouldnotbefrustratedbyunalterablestatus,rationalizeandexplainwhatyouwerenotdoingandwhyyoucannotexertyourpotentialfully.

Ifapersonisfullofpassion,andiscapableofhavingacareer,heshouldn’twastehiscapacity.Stopcomplainingandyoucontrolyourowndestiny!Itishightimethatyoushouldstopyourself-deceptionandrealizethatthesafetyontheshorethatispossiblymoredevastatingthanyoucanimagine.

15.單選題

Peoplewhorefuseto（

）withthelawwillbepunished.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obey

B.consent

C.conceal

D.comply

【答案】D

【解析】句意