考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto（

）theseawaves.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.simulate

C.help

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。simplify“簡化”；simulate“模仿；假裝”；help“幫助”；like“喜歡”。句意：舞臺上用了很多上下飄動的藍(lán)色絲綢來模仿海浪。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes“priorto”disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

3.Thereadercanconcludethat（）.

4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof（）.

5.Thewords“priorto”(para.2)probablymean（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems

D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater.

C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation.

D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems

B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

D.someindustriesarenowmakingeconomicuseofwastes

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols

B.opinionsandpersonalobservations

C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms

D.strongargumentsandpersuasions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.after

B.during

C.before

D.beyond

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文第一段首先指出未來的水問題將變得更加嚴(yán)重和復(fù)雜，尤其是污水問題。接下來在二三段主要講解決污水問題的方法。所以本文主要的目的是為了讓人們了解污水問題，選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.我們不斷增長的人口將極大地增加城市垃圾，主要是污水。另一方面，對水的需求增加將大大減少可用來稀釋廢物的水量?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)C均有涉及；根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.這將涉及越來越多的農(nóng)用化學(xué)品?！笨芍x項(xiàng)D有涉及。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesses…快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)涉及越來越復(fù)雜的化學(xué)過程”，并沒有說工業(yè)發(fā)展包括簡化復(fù)雜的化學(xué)過程，所以選項(xiàng)A與原文表述不符。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.許多行業(yè)，如肉類和家禽加工廠，目前正在將以前的廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為可銷售的副產(chǎn)品。其他行業(yè)是廢物的潛在經(jīng)濟(jì)用途。”也就是說，一些行業(yè)現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)濟(jì)地利用廢物，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。從全文來看，作者只是在表達(dá)個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)以及陳述個(gè)人觀察的結(jié)果：介紹水污染及其解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)句意可知，“theprocessingofsolidwastes”應(yīng)該是在“disposal”之前，所以“priorto”意為“之前”，選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.單選題

Scienceisbasedonexperiment，onawillingnessto（）olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.convert

C.challenge

D.formulate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。encounter“偶然遇見”；convert“轉(zhuǎn)換”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；formulate“規(guī)劃”。句意：科學(xué)是基于實(shí)驗(yàn)的，愿意去挑戰(zhàn)老教條，以開放的眼光去探求宇宙的本質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.填空題

Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen（1）to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“l(fā)ettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.

Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother

（2）

leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea

（3）

betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.

RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein

（4）

toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.

“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote，“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade

（5）

;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat

（6）

hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas

（7）

asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem

（8）

evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.

It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to

（9）

yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s

（10）

yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.

【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般與give相搭配，此處表示被動，用被動語態(tài)given。

試題答案：given

2.考查上下文語義。此處表示從不表達(dá)真實(shí)的感情很取得有效的溝通，故用否定形式hardly，意為“幾乎不”。

試題答案：hardly

3.考查上下文語義。此句意為：但我們需要在說出這一切和什么都不說之間取得平衡。strikeabalance意為“達(dá)成平衡，調(diào)和折衷”。

試題答案：balance

4.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。

試題答案：turn

5.考查固定搭配。makeup意為“和解，和好”。

試題答案：up

6.考查固定搭配。attimes意為“有時(shí)”。

試題答案：times

7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意為“只要”。

試題答案：long

8.考查固定搭配。nor意為“也不”，not...nor意為“不……也不”，表示否定兩者。

試題答案：nor

9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意為“忍住不說話”。

試題答案：bite

10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意為“使人擔(dān)心，惦記”。

試題答案：on

5.單選題

NothavingagoodcommandofEnglishcanbeaserious（

）topreventingyoufrom

achievingyourgoals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impediment

B.fault

C.offense

D.distress

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。impediment意為“妨礙，阻止”；fault意為“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”；offense意為“犯罪，進(jìn)攻”；distress意為“悲痛”。

句意：不能很好地掌握英語可能妨礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。

6.單選題

Englishisanimportantforeignlanguagetomasterbecauseitprovidesready（）toworldscholarshipandworldtrade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excess

B.approach

C.solution

D.access

【答案】D

【解析】句意：英語是一門非常重要的需要掌握的外語，因?yàn)樗峭ㄏ蛑R世界和商業(yè)世界的（）。

A選項(xiàng)excess超過；B選項(xiàng)approach接近；C選項(xiàng)solution解決；D選項(xiàng)access入口，進(jìn)入。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

Toahighlyimaginativewriter,（）isapadofpaperandapen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.allarerequired

B.allwhichisrequired

C.allisrequired

D.allthatisrequired

【答案】D

【解析】句意：對于一個(gè)富有想象力的作家來說,他需要的只是一張紙和一支筆。首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C,句子中不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語動詞。that在這里引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

8.單選題

Theyoungshouldbe（

）totheold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectable

B.respectful

C.respected

D.respective

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的”；B選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；D選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”。句意：年輕人應(yīng)該恭敬的對待老人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

Theyhadto________theirfailuretoalackofpreparation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blame

B.dedicate

C.attribute

D.conclude

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.blame責(zé)怪，指責(zé)B.dedicate奉獻(xiàn)，投身

C.attribute歸因，歸于D.conclude推定，得出結(jié)論

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“failure（失?。睒?gòu)成動賓邏輯，表示他們不得不怎么樣自己的失敗，并且要能夠和to搭配。由“alackofpreparation（準(zhǔn)備不足）”可知，這是他們失敗的原因，所以空格處應(yīng)該是表達(dá)將失敗的原因歸于準(zhǔn)備不足。attributesth.tosth.是固定搭配，意為“把……歸因于，認(rèn)為……是由于”，因此C選項(xiàng)attribute“歸因，歸于”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)blame“責(zé)怪，指責(zé)”，blamesth.onsth.指將不好的事歸罪、歸咎于某事物，不能和to進(jìn)行搭配；

B選項(xiàng)dedicate“奉獻(xiàn)，投身”，dedicatesth.tosth.指在某一特定活動或目標(biāo)上投入大量的時(shí)間和精力，不能和“failure（失?。边M(jìn)行搭配；

D選項(xiàng)conclude“推定，得出結(jié)論”指根據(jù)所見所聞做出決定或相信某事，不能和to進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】他們不得不把失敗歸咎于準(zhǔn)備不足。

10.單選題

Ineverexpectedyouto（）atthemeeting.Ithoughtyouwereabroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnaround

B.turnon

C.turndown

D.turnup

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我從未料到你會出現(xiàn)在會議中。我以為你在國外。

考查短語辨析。。turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身；turnon升起；turndown拒絕；減少turnup出現(xiàn)、露面。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

TheUniversityHealthServiceisanoutpatientfacilitywhichprovidesprimaryhealthcaretotheuniversitycommunity.TheHealthServicepersonnelincludesafamilypracticephysician,twonursepractitionersandamedicalsecretary.Thenursepractitionershaveresponsibilitytoprovidethehealthcaretothestudents,andtoobtainphysicianconsultationasneeded.Servicesincludechronic,acute,androutinemedicalcare,laboratorytests,allergyinjections,physicalexaminations,andcounselingandhealtheducation.Referralsaremadetonearbyspecialistswhennecessary.Forexaminationpurposes,bloodisdrawnonpremisesandsenttoalocallab.Laboratorytestssuchasurinalysisandmicroscopicexaminationsmaybedoneonpremisesatnocharge.Referralsaremadetoanearbyfacilityforx-rays.Medicinesaregivenasavailable.Prescriptionscanbefilledatoneofthelocalpharmacies.

1.WhichofthefollowingisnotperformedatthefacilitiesoftheUniversityHealthservice?

2.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

3.Theparagraphimmediatelyfollowingthepassageprobablydiscusses（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?

5.Mostoftheprimaryhealthcareisprovidedby（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.counseling

B.x-rays

C.allergyshots

D.urinalysis

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Todescribeon-campusmedicalcare

B.Toreportthemostcommonhealthcomplaints

C.Todescribethequalificationsofthestaff

D.Tooutlineroutineinsurancepolicies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.coursesmhealtheducation

B.howtocallanambulance

C.thebusinesshoursoftheHealthService

D.whytheHealthServiceisuseful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Alarmed

B.Superior

C.Liberal

D.Objective

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.adoctor

B.nurses

C.amedicalsecretary

D.labtechnicians

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由句子“Referralsaremadetoanearbyfacilityforx-rays(轉(zhuǎn)診病人被送到附近有相關(guān)設(shè)備的機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行X射線檢查)”可知B項(xiàng)“X射線（檢查）”不包括在大學(xué)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)內(nèi)容里。由句子“Laboratorytestssuchasurinalysisandmicroscopicexaminationsmaybedoneonpremisesatnocharge(如尿分析和顯微鏡檢查等實(shí)驗(yàn)室測試可以在經(jīng)營場所（即大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)處）免費(fèi)進(jìn)行)”可知D項(xiàng)“尿分析”包括在內(nèi)。由句子“Servicesincludechronic,acute,androutinemedicalcare,laboratorytests,allergyinjections,physicalexaminations,andcounselingandhealtheducation(大學(xué)醫(yī)療保健提供的服務(wù)包括慢性、急性和日常的醫(yī)療服務(wù)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測試、過敏免疫注射、體格檢查、咨詢服務(wù)和健康教育)”可知A項(xiàng)“咨詢服務(wù)”和C項(xiàng)“過敏疫苗注射”包括在內(nèi)。因此本題選B。

2.主旨大意題。文章通篇主要是對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的介紹。故選A項(xiàng)“描述了校園醫(yī)療服務(wù)”。

3.判斷推理題。文章主要是對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)進(jìn)行介紹，其中包括工作人員和提供的服務(wù)兩個(gè)方面，因此可以推知文章接下來可能會對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)第三個(gè)方面的介紹。故選C項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的工作時(shí)間”。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通篇作者客觀陳述或介紹了大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。故選D“客觀的”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由句子“Thenursepractitionershaveresponsibilitytoprovidethehealthcaretothestudents…(執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士有義務(wù)為學(xué)生提供醫(yī)療保健…)”可知B項(xiàng)“護(hù)士”正確。

12.單選題

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccineand,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate（）.

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”，現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)把人類送上了月球，并破譯了人類基因組。緊接著第二句出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，說到涉及培養(yǎng)流感病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗時(shí)，科學(xué)家們居然還在使用可食用雞蛋。全文主要講述的是“雞蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”，因此此處提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的發(fā)達(dá)科技為下文論述做鋪墊，因此B選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗研究進(jìn)展滯后”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。文章第二段介紹了本題說到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine傳統(tǒng)的流感疫苗生產(chǎn)過程。A選項(xiàng)“制造商將疫苗植入訂購的雞蛋中”錯(cuò)在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商；B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家在流感大流行開始后不久就確定了確切的毒株”在文中未提及確定毒株的速度；C選項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生措施是抗擊疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及；D選項(xiàng)“在投入疫苗使用之前，病毒被殺死并凈化”對應(yīng)第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”，雞蛋內(nèi)部的病毒被殺死，經(jīng)過處理去除雞蛋蛋白和其他污染物，然后包裝成小瓶，準(zhǔn)備秋季裝運(yùn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.（更重要的是，有些流感病毒在雞蛋里生長不好）。C選項(xiàng)“新流感疫苗的低存活率”，文中說流感病毒在雞蛋中生長得不好，由此可推斷，流感疫苗的存活率低。A選項(xiàng)“疫苗生產(chǎn)的復(fù)雜過程”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“它對人類的潛在威脅”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“它導(dǎo)致了流感疫苗的短缺”，不符合題意，可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗現(xiàn)在主要使用基于雞蛋的技術(shù)”對應(yīng)文章第一段中作者對于現(xiàn)在依然使用雞蛋生產(chǎn)流感疫苗感到不可思議，同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代疫苗生產(chǎn)方法正在取代以雞蛋為基礎(chǔ)的方法”可由此排除；B選項(xiàng)“禽流感曾經(jīng)在人類中傳播”在文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”說明這種禽流感并未在人類中傳播過，可排除；C選項(xiàng)“細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)疫苗可以大大提高安全性”，文中未提到新方法的安全性，因此排除C。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。此處問的是作者對于新疫苗培育方法的態(tài)度。第一段最后提到，新的細(xì)胞生產(chǎn)技術(shù)已經(jīng)投入使用，并且可能最終得到支持。因此可推斷出作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)方法是有可能被接受的。D選項(xiàng)accepted正確。

13.寫作題

Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthefollowingtopicOnPayingbackstudentLoans.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.現(xiàn)今，在高校通過助學(xué)貸款完成學(xué)業(yè)的學(xué)生越來越多。

2.但是有些學(xué)生畢業(yè)后沒有能力或拒絕按時(shí)還貸。

3.你認(rèn)為貸款的學(xué)生應(yīng)如何對待還貸問題。

【答案】略

14.單選題

Forthesuccessoftheproject,thecompanyshould（）themostoftheopportunitiesathand.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obtain

B.grasp

C.catch

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obtain“獲得；流行”；B選項(xiàng)grasp“抓牢，握緊；試圖抓?。焕斫?，領(lǐng)悟；毫不猶豫地抓?。C(jī)會）”；C選項(xiàng)catch“趕上；抓?。桓腥?；了解”；D選項(xiàng)make“使得；進(jìn)行；布置，準(zhǔn)備，整理；制造；認(rèn)為；獲得；形成；安排；引起”。seize/grasp/grab/taketheopportunity“抓住機(jī)會”，句中的themostof修飾theopportunities，可視為shouldgrasp(themostof)theopportunities。句意：為了項(xiàng)目的成功，公司應(yīng)該抓住大部分到手的機(jī)會。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Theenterpriseintroducedanincentivebonusforhighproductivity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.motive

B.initiative

C.encouragement

D.entertainment

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：企業(yè)為了提高生產(chǎn)力引進(jìn)了……獎金。incentive意為“刺激，激勵(lì)的”。A選項(xiàng)motive“動機(jī)，目的”；B選項(xiàng)initiative“主動權(quán)，首創(chuàng)精神”；C選項(xiàng)encouragement“鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)”；D選項(xiàng)entertainment“娛樂，消遣，款待”。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

16.單選題

Thecapturedcriminalswere（）inchainthroughthestreets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhibited

B.displayed

C.paraded

D.revealed

【答案】C

【解析】exhibited展出,表現(xiàn)出；displayed展示,陳列；paraded游行,閱兵；revealed透漏。句意：被捕的犯人帶著鎖鏈在街上游行。

17.單選題

Somecinema-goersinLeipzigevenconfessedthatthefilmhadmadethemfeelemotionalandslightly（

）fortheirrecentpast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nostalgic

B.instinctive

C.intuitive

D.mirthful

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)愁的，懷舊的”；B選項(xiàng)“本能的，天生的，直覺的”;C選項(xiàng)“直覺的”;D選項(xiàng)“愉快的，高興的”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞emotional和theirrecentpast以及句意‘萊比錫的一些電影觀眾甚至承認(rèn)，這部電影觸動了他們的情感，有點(diǎn)懷念他們的過去’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過去將會做某事”；couldhavedone“過去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是過去本可以工作卻沒有去工作，D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Allthemountainsarestunninglybeautiful,andthereare（）valleysandthesmellofpeatfromeverycottage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wooden

B.wooded

C.wooding

D.woods

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。有題干得知，空格后為名詞，因此應(yīng)填入形容詞。wooden“木制的；呆板的”；wooded“樹木繁茂額，森林多的”；wooding無形容詞用法；woods“木材”，也無形容詞用法。修飾valley“山谷”的詞應(yīng)為wooded，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.填空題

A:Howlonghaveyouandyourteambeen（1）onthatfinalreport?

B:（2）aweekandahalfnow.Thedeadlineforsubmissionistomorrowat5o’clock.Ifwedon’tgetitdone（3）then,we’llreallybeinhotwater!Ihaven’tsleptawink（4）thedaybeforeyesterday.

A:No（5）youlooksotiredthen!IstherethatIcandotohelp?

B:Idon’tthinkso,butthanksforoffering.

A:Well,I（6）youluck!

【答案】working;For;by;since;wonder;anything;wish

【解析】句意:

——你和你的團(tuán)隊(duì)在完成最后那一篇報(bào)告上花了多久時(shí)間？

——到現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)半星期了。上交的截止日期是明天五點(diǎn)。如果我們在那時(shí)間

點(diǎn)還沒完成的話，我們就會有麻煩了。從前天開始我就沒合過眼了。

——難怪你看起來很疲憊。我可以幫你做點(diǎn)什么嗎？

——我認(rèn)為不用。但是謝謝你的好意。

——好，祝你好運(yùn)！

1.固定搭配。workon致力于，繼續(xù)工作，因?yàn)楹竺媸莊inalreport，說明之前還做了其它工作，因此這里應(yīng)該是取“繼續(xù)工作”之意。

2.語義題。此處的aweekandahalf是一個(gè)時(shí)間段,因此用for。

3.語義題。此處表示“截至”那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)會有什么樣的后果,因此填by。

4.固定搭配。nowonder難怪。

5.常用語?！盜sthereanythingIcandotohelp?(有什么可以幫到你嗎)”是常用的交際用語。

6.常用語。Iwishyouluck祝你好運(yùn)。

21.單選題

Inspiteofthetaxingbusinessschedule,hemanagedtotakesometimeoffforexercise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imposing

B.demanding

C.compulsory

D.temporary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。taxing表示“費(fèi)力的”；A項(xiàng)imposing“壯觀的”，B項(xiàng)demanding“苛求的，吃力的”，C項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的”，D項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的”。句意：盡管業(yè)務(wù)繁忙，他還是抽出時(shí)間鍛煉身體。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

ThealcoholintakeofGreeksisalsomodest______Europeanterms,butthey’rethebiggestsmokersinthe15-countrybloc,______upeighttimesadayforeveryman,womanandchild.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.during,lighted

B.in,lighting

C.for,lighted

D.as,lighting

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配與非謂語動詞。句意：在歐洲，希臘人的飲酒量也不算高，但他們卻是15國中吸煙人數(shù)最多的國家，男女老少平均每天要抽8次煙。根據(jù)固定搭配intermsof“在……方面，從……角度”，確定第一根橫線用介詞in；第二根橫線考查非謂語動詞，其邏輯主語和本句的主語一致，動作是主語主動發(fā)出，確定用現(xiàn)在分詞lighting，B選項(xiàng)in,lighting符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pertinent

B.appropriate

C.acute

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)pertinent“相關(guān)的，相干的”，B項(xiàng)appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)摹?，C項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的，急性的”，D項(xiàng)persistent“固執(zhí)的，堅(jiān)持的”。根據(jù)句子意思“對許多病人來說，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是……和最有益的護(hù)理形式”可知，空格處填入B項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：對許多病人來說，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是最合適和最有益的護(hù)理形式。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

24.填空題

Myflatis（1）farfrommyworkplace!Ihavetocommute70（2）eachway（3）MondaytoFriday.

【答案】1.so

2.minutes

3.from

【解析】1.語義題。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)公寓離工作地方距離很遠(yuǎn)，故用sofar表示。

2.語義題。commute后面通常接時(shí)間，按照常理應(yīng)該是70分鐘，故用復(fù)數(shù)minutes。

3.固定搭配。fromMondaytoFriday從周一到周五。

25.單選題

Comte'sphilosophicalsuccessor,whocarriedonbothhisphenomenalistandpresentationalistphilosophyintothesocialarenaofpoliticsandethics,wasJohnStuartMill.ButfirstwemustturntoanevengreaterinfluenceonMill'sviews,oneoftheleadingradicalreformersofthenineteenthcentury,JeremyBentham.

BorninLondon,thesonofaleadingattorney,BenthamwasachildprodigywhobeganstudyinghistoryandLatinattheageofthree.AttwelveheenteredQueen'sCollegeinOxfordandearnedhisB.A.inthreeyearsandhisM.A.twoyearslaterattheageofseventeen.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobecomeapracticinglawyer,butBenthamwasfarmoreinterestedinthephilosophicalfoundationsofethics,morality,andlegaltheory.HetraveledwidelythroughoutEuropeandwrotehisfirstessayoneconomicsinRussia.In1792hebecameacitizenofFrance.

Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.Hewentontopublishseveralbooksonpoliticalandlegaltheory,butitwashisIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationthatmadehimapowerfulandinfluentialinternationalfigure.InhisPrincipleshelaidthegroundworkforutilitarianism;asdevelopedbyMill(whomweshallconsiderinthenextsection),histheoryisstilltodayoneoftheleadingmoraltheoriesintheworld.

Benthamdefineshisprincipleofutilityas"thatpropertyinanyobjectwherebyittendstoproducepleasure,goodorhappiness,ortopreventthehappeningofmischief,pain,evilorunhappinesstothepartywhoseinterestisconsidered".AccordingtoBentham,thisprincipletakesaccountofthetwomainmotivesforallhumanaction—painandpleasure.Governments,social,politicalandlegalinstitutions,aswellasindividualcitizens,shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.Sinceleadersaswellasindividualsarethusmorallyboundtofollowthesameuniversalprincipleandonethatisreadilyaccessibletoeveryone—weallknowwhatpainandpleasureare—therecanbenomanipulation,throughrhetoric,oftheweakbythepowerful.InBentham'ssystemweareeachourownbestjudgeastohowbesttoliveandattainhappiness.

Heopenlycalledfortherejectionofallmonarchiesandestablishedchurches,claimingthat"allgovernmentisinitselfonevastevil."Theonlyjustificationforputtingsuchevilintoplacewouldbetopreventsomegreaterevil;governmentsshouldthereforeneverstrayfromtheprincipleofutility—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.

1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby"scalesfellfromeyes"inthethirdparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthequotesinthefourthparagraphofBentham'sdefinitionofprincipleofutility?

3.HowdidBenthaminfluencetheworldaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hiseyeswerefulloftears.

B.Hiseyesbecamesmaller.

C.Hewasenlightened.

D.Hecouldseeclearly.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Utilitycanberegardedasaqualitywhichislikelytobringhappinessorstoptheoccurrenceofunhappinesstointerestedparties.

B.Utilityisakindofpossessionbywhichconcernedpeoplecangethappinessandavoidunhappiness.

C.Theprincipleofutilityistheprincipleofthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.

D.Theprincipleofutilityisthebeliefthatthevalueofathingoranactionisdeterminedbyitsutility.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heinfluencedthephilosophersinthewholeworld.

B.Hecontributedtooverthrowingallthemonarchiesandchurches.

C.Histheoryhaschangedthemoralvalueofthemodemworld.

D.Themoralfoundationtomanymoderndemocraciestracesbacktohistheory.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BenthamhadgreatinfluenceonLockeandHume,aswellasonMill.

B.Bo