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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)??荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto(
)theseawaves.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.simplify
B.simulate
C.help
D.like
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。simplify“簡化”;simulate“模仿;假裝”;help“幫助”;like“喜歡”。句意:舞臺上用了很多上下飄動的藍(lán)色絲綢來模仿海浪。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
2.單選題
Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.
Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes“priorto”disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.
Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.
1.Thepurposeofthispassageis().
2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?
3.Thereadercanconcludethat().
4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof().
5.Thewords“priorto”(para.2)probablymean().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply
B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater
C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems
D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.
B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater.
C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation.
D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems
B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace
C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies
D.someindustriesarenowmakingeconomicuseofwastes
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols
B.opinionsandpersonalobservations
C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms
D.strongargumentsandpersuasions
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.after
B.during
C.before
D.beyond
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文第一段首先指出未來的水問題將變得更加嚴(yán)重和復(fù)雜,尤其是污水問題。接下來在二三段主要講解決污水問題的方法。所以本文主要的目的是為了讓人們了解污水問題,選項(xiàng)C正確。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.我們不斷增長的人口將極大地增加城市垃圾,主要是污水。另一方面,對水的需求增加將大大減少可用來稀釋廢物的水量?!笨芍x項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)C均有涉及;根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.這將涉及越來越多的農(nóng)用化學(xué)品?!笨芍x項(xiàng)D有涉及。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesses…快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)涉及越來越復(fù)雜的化學(xué)過程”,并沒有說工業(yè)發(fā)展包括簡化復(fù)雜的化學(xué)過程,所以選項(xiàng)A與原文表述不符。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.許多行業(yè),如肉類和家禽加工廠,目前正在將以前的廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為可銷售的副產(chǎn)品。其他行業(yè)是廢物的潛在經(jīng)濟(jì)用途。”也就是說,一些行業(yè)現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)濟(jì)地利用廢物,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。
4.判斷推理題。從全文來看,作者只是在表達(dá)個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)以及陳述個(gè)人觀察的結(jié)果:介紹水污染及其解決辦法,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。
5.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)句意可知,“theprocessingofsolidwastes”應(yīng)該是在“disposal”之前,所以“priorto”意為“之前”,選項(xiàng)C正確。
3.單選題
Scienceisbasedonexperiment,onawillingnessto()olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.encounter
B.convert
C.challenge
D.formulate
【答案】C
【解析】動詞詞義辨析。encounter“偶然遇見”;convert“轉(zhuǎn)換”;challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”;formulate“規(guī)劃”。句意:科學(xué)是基于實(shí)驗(yàn)的,愿意去挑戰(zhàn)老教條,以開放的眼光去探求宇宙的本質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
4.填空題
Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“l(fā)ettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.
Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother
(2)
leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea
(3)
betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.
RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein
(4)
toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.
“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade
(5)
;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat
(6)
hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas
(7)
asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem
(8)
evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.
It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to
(9)
yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s
(10)
yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.
【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般與give相搭配,此處表示被動,用被動語態(tài)given。
試題答案:given
2.考查上下文語義。此處表示從不表達(dá)真實(shí)的感情很取得有效的溝通,故用否定形式hardly,意為“幾乎不”。
試題答案:hardly
3.考查上下文語義。此句意為:但我們需要在說出這一切和什么都不說之間取得平衡。strikeabalance意為“達(dá)成平衡,調(diào)和折衷”。
試題答案:balance
4.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。
試題答案:turn
5.考查固定搭配。makeup意為“和解,和好”。
試題答案:up
6.考查固定搭配。attimes意為“有時(shí)”。
試題答案:times
7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意為“只要”。
試題答案:long
8.考查固定搭配。nor意為“也不”,not...nor意為“不……也不”,表示否定兩者。
試題答案:nor
9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意為“忍住不說話”。
試題答案:bite
10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意為“使人擔(dān)心,惦記”。
試題答案:on
5.單選題
NothavingagoodcommandofEnglishcanbeaserious(
)topreventingyoufrom
achievingyourgoals.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.impediment
B.fault
C.offense
D.distress
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。impediment意為“妨礙,阻止”;fault意為“缺點(diǎn),缺陷”;offense意為“犯罪,進(jìn)攻”;distress意為“悲痛”。
句意:不能很好地掌握英語可能妨礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。
6.單選題
Englishisanimportantforeignlanguagetomasterbecauseitprovidesready()toworldscholarshipandworldtrade.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.excess
B.approach
C.solution
D.access
【答案】D
【解析】句意:英語是一門非常重要的需要掌握的外語,因?yàn)樗峭ㄏ蛑R世界和商業(yè)世界的()。
A選項(xiàng)excess超過;B選項(xiàng)approach接近;C選項(xiàng)solution解決;D選項(xiàng)access入口,進(jìn)入。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
7.單選題
Toahighlyimaginativewriter,()isapadofpaperandapen.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.allarerequired
B.allwhichisrequired
C.allisrequired
D.allthatisrequired
【答案】D
【解析】句意:對于一個(gè)富有想象力的作家來說,他需要的只是一張紙和一支筆。首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C,句子中不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語動詞。that在這里引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
8.單選題
Theyoungshouldbe(
)totheold.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.respectable
B.respectful
C.respected
D.respective
【答案】B
【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的”;B選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的,有禮貌的”;C選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”;D選項(xiàng)respective“分別的,各自的”。句意:年輕人應(yīng)該恭敬的對待老人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。
9.單選題
Theyhadto________theirfailuretoalackofpreparation.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.blame
B.dedicate
C.attribute
D.conclude
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.blame責(zé)怪,指責(zé)B.dedicate奉獻(xiàn),投身
C.attribute歸因,歸于D.conclude推定,得出結(jié)論
【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。
【解題思路】空格處和下文的“failure(失?。睒?gòu)成動賓邏輯,表示他們不得不怎么樣自己的失敗,并且要能夠和to搭配。由“alackofpreparation(準(zhǔn)備不足)”可知,這是他們失敗的原因,所以空格處應(yīng)該是表達(dá)將失敗的原因歸于準(zhǔn)備不足。attributesth.tosth.是固定搭配,意為“把……歸因于,認(rèn)為……是由于”,因此C選項(xiàng)attribute“歸因,歸于”最符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)blame“責(zé)怪,指責(zé)”,blamesth.onsth.指將不好的事歸罪、歸咎于某事物,不能和to進(jìn)行搭配;
B選項(xiàng)dedicate“奉獻(xiàn),投身”,dedicatesth.tosth.指在某一特定活動或目標(biāo)上投入大量的時(shí)間和精力,不能和“failure(失?。边M(jìn)行搭配;
D選項(xiàng)conclude“推定,得出結(jié)論”指根據(jù)所見所聞做出決定或相信某事,不能和to進(jìn)行搭配。
【句意】他們不得不把失敗歸咎于準(zhǔn)備不足。
10.單選題
Ineverexpectedyouto()atthemeeting.Ithoughtyouwereabroad.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.turnaround
B.turnon
C.turndown
D.turnup
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我從未料到你會出現(xiàn)在會議中。我以為你在國外。
考查短語辨析。。turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身;turnon升起;turndown拒絕;減少turnup出現(xiàn)、露面。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。
11.單選題
TheUniversityHealthServiceisanoutpatientfacilitywhichprovidesprimaryhealthcaretotheuniversitycommunity.TheHealthServicepersonnelincludesafamilypracticephysician,twonursepractitionersandamedicalsecretary.Thenursepractitionershaveresponsibilitytoprovidethehealthcaretothestudents,andtoobtainphysicianconsultationasneeded.Servicesincludechronic,acute,androutinemedicalcare,laboratorytests,allergyinjections,physicalexaminations,andcounselingandhealtheducation.Referralsaremadetonearbyspecialistswhennecessary.Forexaminationpurposes,bloodisdrawnonpremisesandsenttoalocallab.Laboratorytestssuchasurinalysisandmicroscopicexaminationsmaybedoneonpremisesatnocharge.Referralsaremadetoanearbyfacilityforx-rays.Medicinesaregivenasavailable.Prescriptionscanbefilledatoneofthelocalpharmacies.
1.WhichofthefollowingisnotperformedatthefacilitiesoftheUniversityHealthservice?
2.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
3.Theparagraphimmediatelyfollowingthepassageprobablydiscusses(
).
4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?
5.Mostoftheprimaryhealthcareisprovidedby(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.counseling
B.x-rays
C.allergyshots
D.urinalysis
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Todescribeon-campusmedicalcare
B.Toreportthemostcommonhealthcomplaints
C.Todescribethequalificationsofthestaff
D.Tooutlineroutineinsurancepolicies
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.coursesmhealtheducation
B.howtocallanambulance
C.thebusinesshoursoftheHealthService
D.whytheHealthServiceisuseful
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Alarmed
B.Superior
C.Liberal
D.Objective
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.adoctor
B.nurses
C.amedicalsecretary
D.labtechnicians
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:B
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由句子“Referralsaremadetoanearbyfacilityforx-rays(轉(zhuǎn)診病人被送到附近有相關(guān)設(shè)備的機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行X射線檢查)”可知B項(xiàng)“X射線(檢查)”不包括在大學(xué)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)內(nèi)容里。由句子“Laboratorytestssuchasurinalysisandmicroscopicexaminationsmaybedoneonpremisesatnocharge(如尿分析和顯微鏡檢查等實(shí)驗(yàn)室測試可以在經(jīng)營場所(即大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)處)免費(fèi)進(jìn)行)”可知D項(xiàng)“尿分析”包括在內(nèi)。由句子“Servicesincludechronic,acute,androutinemedicalcare,laboratorytests,allergyinjections,physicalexaminations,andcounselingandhealtheducation(大學(xué)醫(yī)療保健提供的服務(wù)包括慢性、急性和日常的醫(yī)療服務(wù)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測試、過敏免疫注射、體格檢查、咨詢服務(wù)和健康教育)”可知A項(xiàng)“咨詢服務(wù)”和C項(xiàng)“過敏疫苗注射”包括在內(nèi)。因此本題選B。
2.主旨大意題。文章通篇主要是對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的介紹。故選A項(xiàng)“描述了校園醫(yī)療服務(wù)”。
3.判斷推理題。文章主要是對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)進(jìn)行介紹,其中包括工作人員和提供的服務(wù)兩個(gè)方面,因此可以推知文章接下來可能會對大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)第三個(gè)方面的介紹。故選C項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的工作時(shí)間”。
4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通篇作者客觀陳述或介紹了大學(xué)公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。故選D“客觀的”。
5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由句子“Thenursepractitionershaveresponsibilitytoprovidethehealthcaretothestudents…(執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士有義務(wù)為學(xué)生提供醫(yī)療保健…)”可知B項(xiàng)“護(hù)士”正確。
12.單選題
Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.
Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.
Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.
What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccineand,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”
Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.
1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate().
2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?
3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin().
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?
5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems
B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind
C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown
D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.
B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.
C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.
D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction
B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing
C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines
D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.
B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.
C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.
D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.remarkable
B.criticized
C.efficient
D.accepted
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”,現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)把人類送上了月球,并破譯了人類基因組。緊接著第二句出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but,說到涉及培養(yǎng)流感病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗時(shí),科學(xué)家們居然還在使用可食用雞蛋。全文主要講述的是“雞蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”,因此此處提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的發(fā)達(dá)科技為下文論述做鋪墊,因此B選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗研究進(jìn)展滯后”符合題意。
第2題:2.推理判斷題。文章第二段介紹了本題說到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine傳統(tǒng)的流感疫苗生產(chǎn)過程。A選項(xiàng)“制造商將疫苗植入訂購的雞蛋中”錯(cuò)在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商;B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家在流感大流行開始后不久就確定了確切的毒株”在文中未提及確定毒株的速度;C選項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生措施是抗擊疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及;D選項(xiàng)“在投入疫苗使用之前,病毒被殺死并凈化”對應(yīng)第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”,雞蛋內(nèi)部的病毒被殺死,經(jīng)過處理去除雞蛋蛋白和其他污染物,然后包裝成小瓶,準(zhǔn)備秋季裝運(yùn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.(更重要的是,有些流感病毒在雞蛋里生長不好)。C選項(xiàng)“新流感疫苗的低存活率”,文中說流感病毒在雞蛋中生長得不好,由此可推斷,流感疫苗的存活率低。A選項(xiàng)“疫苗生產(chǎn)的復(fù)雜過程”,不符合題意,可排除。B選項(xiàng)“它對人類的潛在威脅”,不符合題意,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“它導(dǎo)致了流感疫苗的短缺”,不符合題意,可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
第4題:4.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗現(xiàn)在主要使用基于雞蛋的技術(shù)”對應(yīng)文章第一段中作者對于現(xiàn)在依然使用雞蛋生產(chǎn)流感疫苗感到不可思議,同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代疫苗生產(chǎn)方法正在取代以雞蛋為基礎(chǔ)的方法”可由此排除;B選項(xiàng)“禽流感曾經(jīng)在人類中傳播”在文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”說明這種禽流感并未在人類中傳播過,可排除;C選項(xiàng)“細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)疫苗可以大大提高安全性”,文中未提到新方法的安全性,因此排除C。
第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。此處問的是作者對于新疫苗培育方法的態(tài)度。第一段最后提到,新的細(xì)胞生產(chǎn)技術(shù)已經(jīng)投入使用,并且可能最終得到支持。因此可推斷出作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)方法是有可能被接受的。D選項(xiàng)accepted正確。
13.寫作題
Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthefollowingtopicOnPayingbackstudentLoans.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.
1.現(xiàn)今,在高校通過助學(xué)貸款完成學(xué)業(yè)的學(xué)生越來越多。
2.但是有些學(xué)生畢業(yè)后沒有能力或拒絕按時(shí)還貸。
3.你認(rèn)為貸款的學(xué)生應(yīng)如何對待還貸問題。
【答案】略
14.單選題
Forthesuccessoftheproject,thecompanyshould()themostoftheopportunitiesathand.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.obtain
B.grasp
C.catch
D.make
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obtain“獲得;流行”;B選項(xiàng)grasp“抓牢,握緊;試圖抓?。焕斫?,領(lǐng)悟;毫不猶豫地抓?。C(jī)會)”;C選項(xiàng)catch“趕上;抓?。桓腥?;了解”;D選項(xiàng)make“使得;進(jìn)行;布置,準(zhǔn)備,整理;制造;認(rèn)為;獲得;形成;安排;引起”。seize/grasp/grab/taketheopportunity“抓住機(jī)會”,句中的themostof修飾theopportunities,可視為shouldgrasp(themostof)theopportunities。句意:為了項(xiàng)目的成功,公司應(yīng)該抓住大部分到手的機(jī)會。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
15.單選題
Theenterpriseintroducedanincentivebonusforhighproductivity.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.motive
B.initiative
C.encouragement
D.entertainment
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)句意:企業(yè)為了提高生產(chǎn)力引進(jìn)了……獎金。incentive意為“刺激,激勵(lì)的”。A選項(xiàng)motive“動機(jī),目的”;B選項(xiàng)initiative“主動權(quán),首創(chuàng)精神”;C選項(xiàng)encouragement“鼓勵(lì),激勵(lì)”;D選項(xiàng)entertainment“娛樂,消遣,款待”。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。
16.單選題
Thecapturedcriminalswere()inchainthroughthestreets.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.exhibited
B.displayed
C.paraded
D.revealed
【答案】C
【解析】exhibited展出,表現(xiàn)出;displayed展示,陳列;paraded游行,閱兵;revealed透漏。句意:被捕的犯人帶著鎖鏈在街上游行。
17.單選題
Somecinema-goersinLeipzigevenconfessedthatthefilmhadmadethemfeelemotionalandslightly(
)fortheirrecentpast.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.nostalgic
B.instinctive
C.intuitive
D.mirthful
【答案】A
【解析】形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)愁的,懷舊的”;B選項(xiàng)“本能的,天生的,直覺的”;C選項(xiàng)“直覺的”;D選項(xiàng)“愉快的,高興的”;根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞emotional和theirrecentpast以及句意‘萊比錫的一些電影觀眾甚至承認(rèn),這部電影觸動了他們的情感,有點(diǎn)懷念他們的過去’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。
18.單選題
Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.mustmake
B.shouldhavemade
C.wouldmake
D.couldhavemade
【答案】D
【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里,但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”;shouldhavedone“過去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”;woulddo“過去將會做某事”;couldhavedone“過去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語境,這里指的是過去本可以工作卻沒有去工作,D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
19.單選題
Allthemountainsarestunninglybeautiful,andthereare()valleysandthesmellofpeatfromeverycottage.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.wooden
B.wooded
C.wooding
D.woods
【答案】B
【解析】考查形近詞辨析。有題干得知,空格后為名詞,因此應(yīng)填入形容詞。wooden“木制的;呆板的”;wooded“樹木繁茂額,森林多的”;wooding無形容詞用法;woods“木材”,也無形容詞用法。修飾valley“山谷”的詞應(yīng)為wooded,因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
20.填空題
A:Howlonghaveyouandyourteambeen(1)onthatfinalreport?
B:(2)aweekandahalfnow.Thedeadlineforsubmissionistomorrowat5o’clock.Ifwedon’tgetitdone(3)then,we’llreallybeinhotwater!Ihaven’tsleptawink(4)thedaybeforeyesterday.
A:No(5)youlooksotiredthen!IstherethatIcandotohelp?
B:Idon’tthinkso,butthanksforoffering.
A:Well,I(6)youluck!
【答案】working;For;by;since;wonder;anything;wish
【解析】句意:
——你和你的團(tuán)隊(duì)在完成最后那一篇報(bào)告上花了多久時(shí)間?
——到現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)半星期了。上交的截止日期是明天五點(diǎn)。如果我們在那時(shí)間
點(diǎn)還沒完成的話,我們就會有麻煩了。從前天開始我就沒合過眼了。
——難怪你看起來很疲憊。我可以幫你做點(diǎn)什么嗎?
——我認(rèn)為不用。但是謝謝你的好意。
——好,祝你好運(yùn)!
1.固定搭配。workon致力于,繼續(xù)工作,因?yàn)楹竺媸莊inalreport,說明之前還做了其它工作,因此這里應(yīng)該是取“繼續(xù)工作”之意。
2.語義題。此處的aweekandahalf是一個(gè)時(shí)間段,因此用for。
3.語義題。此處表示“截至”那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)會有什么樣的后果,因此填by。
4.固定搭配。nowonder難怪。
5.常用語?!盜sthereanythingIcandotohelp?(有什么可以幫到你嗎)”是常用的交際用語。
6.常用語。Iwishyouluck祝你好運(yùn)。
21.單選題
Inspiteofthetaxingbusinessschedule,hemanagedtotakesometimeoffforexercise.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.imposing
B.demanding
C.compulsory
D.temporary
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。taxing表示“費(fèi)力的”;A項(xiàng)imposing“壯觀的”,B項(xiàng)demanding“苛求的,吃力的”,C項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的”,D項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的”。句意:盡管業(yè)務(wù)繁忙,他還是抽出時(shí)間鍛煉身體。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。
22.單選題
ThealcoholintakeofGreeksisalsomodest______Europeanterms,butthey’rethebiggestsmokersinthe15-countrybloc,______upeighttimesadayforeveryman,womanandchild.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.during,lighted
B.in,lighting
C.for,lighted
D.as,lighting
【答案】B
【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配與非謂語動詞。句意:在歐洲,希臘人的飲酒量也不算高,但他們卻是15國中吸煙人數(shù)最多的國家,男女老少平均每天要抽8次煙。根據(jù)固定搭配intermsof“在……方面,從……角度”,確定第一根橫線用介詞in;第二根橫線考查非謂語動詞,其邏輯主語和本句的主語一致,動作是主語主動發(fā)出,確定用現(xiàn)在分詞lighting,B選項(xiàng)in,lighting符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
23.單選題
Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.pertinent
B.appropriate
C.acute
D.persistent
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)pertinent“相關(guān)的,相干的”,B項(xiàng)appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)?,恰?dāng)?shù)摹?,C項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的,急性的”,D項(xiàng)persistent“固執(zhí)的,堅(jiān)持的”。根據(jù)句子意思“對許多病人來說,機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是……和最有益的護(hù)理形式”可知,空格處填入B項(xiàng)符合語境。句意:對許多病人來說,機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是最合適和最有益的護(hù)理形式。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。
24.填空題
Myflatis(1)farfrommyworkplace!Ihavetocommute70(2)eachway(3)MondaytoFriday.
【答案】1.so
2.minutes
3.from
【解析】1.語義題。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)公寓離工作地方距離很遠(yuǎn),故用sofar表示。
2.語義題。commute后面通常接時(shí)間,按照常理應(yīng)該是70分鐘,故用復(fù)數(shù)minutes。
3.固定搭配。fromMondaytoFriday從周一到周五。
25.單選題
Comte'sphilosophicalsuccessor,whocarriedonbothhisphenomenalistandpresentationalistphilosophyintothesocialarenaofpoliticsandethics,wasJohnStuartMill.ButfirstwemustturntoanevengreaterinfluenceonMill'sviews,oneoftheleadingradicalreformersofthenineteenthcentury,JeremyBentham.
BorninLondon,thesonofaleadingattorney,BenthamwasachildprodigywhobeganstudyinghistoryandLatinattheageofthree.AttwelveheenteredQueen'sCollegeinOxfordandearnedhisB.A.inthreeyearsandhisM.A.twoyearslaterattheageofseventeen.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobecomeapracticinglawyer,butBenthamwasfarmoreinterestedinthephilosophicalfoundationsofethics,morality,andlegaltheory.HetraveledwidelythroughoutEuropeandwrotehisfirstessayoneconomicsinRussia.In1792hebecameacitizenofFrance.
Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.Hewentontopublishseveralbooksonpoliticalandlegaltheory,butitwashisIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationthatmadehimapowerfulandinfluentialinternationalfigure.InhisPrincipleshelaidthegroundworkforutilitarianism;asdevelopedbyMill(whomweshallconsiderinthenextsection),histheoryisstilltodayoneoftheleadingmoraltheoriesintheworld.
Benthamdefineshisprincipleofutilityas"thatpropertyinanyobjectwherebyittendstoproducepleasure,goodorhappiness,ortopreventthehappeningofmischief,pain,evilorunhappinesstothepartywhoseinterestisconsidered".AccordingtoBentham,thisprincipletakesaccountofthetwomainmotivesforallhumanaction—painandpleasure.Governments,social,politicalandlegalinstitutions,aswellasindividualcitizens,shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.Sinceleadersaswellasindividualsarethusmorallyboundtofollowthesameuniversalprincipleandonethatisreadilyaccessibletoeveryone—weallknowwhatpainandpleasureare—therecanbenomanipulation,throughrhetoric,oftheweakbythepowerful.InBentham'ssystemweareeachourownbestjudgeastohowbesttoliveandattainhappiness.
Heopenlycalledfortherejectionofallmonarchiesandestablishedchurches,claimingthat"allgovernmentisinitselfonevastevil."Theonlyjustificationforputtingsuchevilintoplacewouldbetopreventsomegreaterevil;governmentsshouldthereforeneverstrayfromtheprincipleofutility—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.
1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby"scalesfellfromeyes"inthethirdparagraph?
2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthequotesinthefourthparagraphofBentham'sdefinitionofprincipleofutility?
3.HowdidBenthaminfluencetheworldaccordingtothepassage?
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Hiseyeswerefulloftears.
B.Hiseyesbecamesmaller.
C.Hewasenlightened.
D.Hecouldseeclearly.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Utilitycanberegardedasaqualitywhichislikelytobringhappinessorstoptheoccurrenceofunhappinesstointerestedparties.
B.Utilityisakindofpossessionbywhichconcernedpeoplecangethappinessandavoidunhappiness.
C.Theprincipleofutilityistheprincipleofthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.
D.Theprincipleofutilityisthebeliefthatthevalueofathingoranactionisdeterminedbyitsutility.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Heinfluencedthephilosophersinthewholeworld.
B.Hecontributedtooverthrowingallthemonarchiesandchurches.
C.Histheoryhaschangedthemoralvalueofthemodemworld.
D.Themoralfoundationtomanymoderndemocraciestracesbacktohistheory.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.BenthamhadgreatinfluenceonLockeandHume,aswellasonMill.
B.Bo
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