考研考博-英語-天津醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)校考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

To____forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)commence“開始，著手”；B選項(xiàng)compromise“妥協(xié)，和解”；C選項(xiàng)compensate“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”；D選項(xiàng)compliment“恭維，稱贊”。句意：為了____他不愉快的經(jīng)歷，他喝多了一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句意，C選項(xiàng)compensate較符合，空格后的介詞for提示我們，空格處應(yīng)填compensate，構(gòu)成短語compensatefor，其他選項(xiàng)均不跟介詞for搭配。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

2.翻譯題

中國具有數(shù)倍于法國（France）那么大的面積（area）。

【答案】TheareaofChinaisseveraltimesthesizeofthatofFrance.

3.單選題

Ifleadership,asitsmostbasicmeaning,（1）gettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’s

（2）tools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolis（3）theirgrasp,availableonly（4）thecharismaticandtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,

（5）experimentalpsychologistshave（6）whichmethodsreliablyleadpeopleto

（7）,comply,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.

Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilar（8）themthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,

（9）peerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarenotonlylikethembutwholikethemaswell.Soitis（10）thetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffer（11）praise.Third,experiments（12）theintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It'sa

（13）policytodoafavor（14）

seekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyand（15）.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydo（16）experts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’s（17）.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommodity

（18）it’sscarce;it

（19）,then,that（20）informationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistsin

B.consistsof

C.constitutesof

D.composesof

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fundamental

B.rudimentary

C.elementary

D.essential

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.beyond

B.within

C.in

D.out

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.though

B.although

C.eventhough

D.but

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.studied

B.learned

C.examined

D.investigated

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.cede

B.concede

C.recede

D.retreat

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.register

B.list

C.enlist

D.enroll

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.worth

B.worthof

C.worthwith

D.worthy

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.authentic

B.genuine

C.real

D.true

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.affirm

B.confirm

C.testify

D.verify

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.best

B.correct

C.sound

D.valid

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.while

C.after

D.before

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.explicitly

B.implicitly

C.exultantly

D.introspectively

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.deferto

C.conferto

D.referto

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.self-contained

B.self-possessed

C.self-opinionated

D.self-evident

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.when

C.whether

D.evenif

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.obeys

B.abides

C.follows

D.happens

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.exclusive

B.inclusive

C.scarce

D.reliable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)consistin“在于”；選項(xiàng)B和D都表示“由…組成或構(gòu)成”的意思；C選項(xiàng)constitute為及物動(dòng)詞，后面不需要接介詞of。所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合原文。句意：如果領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，作為其最基本的含義，在于通過他人完成任務(wù)…。

（2）形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的，根本的”；B選項(xiàng)rudimentary“初步的”；C選項(xiàng)elementary“初級的”；D選項(xiàng)essential“必要的”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指“必要的工具”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（3）考查固定搭配。beyondone'sgrasp意為“鞭長莫及”，原文指“超出能力范圍”。句意：許多高管認(rèn)為，這一工具超出了他們的掌握范圍。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（4）介詞辨析題。beavailablefor指“有效，對…有用”；beavailableto指“可被...利用或得到的”；選項(xiàng)A和D則無此搭配。句意：（這一工具）只有有魅力和有口才的人才能使用。原文中的主語是“thistool”，工具是被利用，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（5）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文可知，這里應(yīng)填入表示讓步的邏輯關(guān)系連詞，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)D，but表轉(zhuǎn)折。而選項(xiàng)B和C只能位于句首，所以只有選項(xiàng)A正確，though既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。

（6）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)研究了一些可靠的方法，所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。選項(xiàng)C和D都是調(diào)查的意思，不符合語境。

（7）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)下文的“comply,orchange”可知，填空處應(yīng)填入與這兩個(gè)詞意思相近的單詞。A選項(xiàng)cede“放棄，割讓”；B選項(xiàng)concede“讓步，退讓”；C選項(xiàng)recede“后退，撤回”；D選項(xiàng)retreat“撤退”。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

（8）介詞辨析題。besimilarto為固定介詞搭配，意為“與…相似”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（9）動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)register“登記”；B選項(xiàng)list“列清單”；C選項(xiàng)enlist“使入伍”；D選項(xiàng)enroll“使加入，招收”。根據(jù)原文句意：明智的管理者會(huì)招募同伴來幫助他們。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

（10）考查固定搭配。Itisworththetimetodosth.為固定句型，意為“值得花時(shí)間去做某事”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

（11）近義詞辨析題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“真實(shí)的，真正的”意思，但是根據(jù)原文的語境，這里指的是“給予真誠的贊揚(yáng)”。只有選項(xiàng)B有“真誠的，誠摯的”意思，所以更恰當(dāng)。

（12）動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)affirm“斷言，確認(rèn)”；B選項(xiàng)confirm“確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)”；C選項(xiàng)testify“證明，證實(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)verify“核實(shí)，查證”。原文句意：實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了直覺的真理，選項(xiàng)C更符合句意。

（13）考查固定搭配。soundpolicy為固定搭配，意為“明智的做法”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

（14）考查邏輯連接詞。跟據(jù)原文句意：在尋求幫助的同時(shí)給予幫助是一個(gè)明智的做法。選項(xiàng)B符合原文語境。

（15）副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地”；B選項(xiàng)implicitly“含蓄地”；C選項(xiàng)exultantly“歡欣鼓舞地”；D選項(xiàng)introspectively“好反省地”。根據(jù)原文可知，填空處應(yīng)填入和voluntarily“自動(dòng)地，自愿地”意思相近的詞，選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。

（16）詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)deny“否認(rèn)，拒絕”；B選項(xiàng)deferto“尊重，聽從”；C選項(xiàng)conferto“授予，給予”；D選項(xiàng)referto“參考，涉及”。原文指人們很尊重專家。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（17）形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)self-contained“獨(dú)立的”；B選項(xiàng)self-possessed“鎮(zhèn)靜的”；C選項(xiàng)self-opinionated“固執(zhí)己見的”；D選項(xiàng)self-evident“不言而喻的”。根據(jù)原文句意：因此，在試圖施加影響之前，高管們應(yīng)該努力建立自己的專長，而不是想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為這是不言而喻的。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

（18）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文：當(dāng)商品稀缺時(shí)，人們想要更多的商品。When在這里引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（19）考查固定搭配。Ithappensthat意思是“（有時(shí)、往往）會(huì)發(fā)生；恰巧”。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（20）名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exclusive“獨(dú)有的，排外的”；B選項(xiàng)inclusive“包含在內(nèi)的”；C選項(xiàng)scarce“缺乏的，不足的”；D選項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的”。句意：有時(shí)包容性的信息比大量存在的數(shù)據(jù)更有說服力。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

4.單選題

noticedthatmostofrocksamplesshowedsignsofdamagefromthepoortreatmenttheyhadreceivedinthelaboratory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.noticed

B.mostofrocksamples

C.signsofdamagefrom

D.hadreceivedinthe

【答案】B

【解析】冠詞誤用。rock前加the。由mostof后面跟名詞短語時(shí)一般需在名詞短語前添加定冠詞“the”。

5.單選題

Turningcultivatedlandbackintoforestsorpastureisafundamentalwaytostemsoil（

）anddesertificationinthelongrun.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.erosion

B.depletion

C.violation

D.delusion

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。erosion“侵蝕，腐蝕”；depletion“消耗，損耗”；violation“違反”；delusion“欺騙，迷惑”。句意：將耕地退耕為森林或者草原是阻止土壤侵蝕和荒漠化的根本方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.填空題

YouandIdon’tneedanyoneelse’sassistance.Wecansolvetheseproblemsby（

）.

句意:我和你都不需要其它任何人的幫助。我們靠我們自己可以解決問題。

【答案】ourselves

【解析】固定搭配。byourselves依靠自己獨(dú)立完成。

7.單選題

Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton(hishometown)forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn't.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedlittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe'dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches-Baptist.MethodistandPresbyterian-facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow.butinanhourorsothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn'tasingleemptyorboarded-upbuildingaroundthesquare—nosmallmiracle.Theretailshopsweremixedinwiththebanksandlawofficesandcafes,allclosedfortheSabbath.

HeinchedthroughthecemeteryandsurveyedtheAtleesectionintheoldpart,wherethetombstonesweregander.Someofhisancestorshadbuiltmonumentsfortheirdead.Rayhadalwaysassumedthatthefamilymoneyhe'dneverseenmusthavebeenburiedinthosegraves.Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.ShewasburiedamongtheAtlees,atthefaredgeofthefamilyplotbecauseshehadbarelybelonged.

Soon,inlessthananhour,hewouldbesittinginhisfather'sstudy,sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.

Movingagain,Raypassedthewatertowerhe'dclimbedtwice,thesecondtimewiththeDolicewairingbelow.Hegrimacedathisoldhighschool,aplacehe'dnevervisitedsincehe'dleftit.BehinditwasthefootballfieldwherehisbrotherForresthadrompedoveropponentsandalmostbecamefamousbeforegeeingbouncedofftheteam.

Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoesNOTdescribeRay'shometown?

3.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweenRayandhisparentswas

（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRay'sfatherwasallEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Raycherishedhischildhoodmemories

B.Rayhadsomethingurgenttotakecareof

C.Raymaynothaveahappychildhood

D.Raycannotrememberhischildhooddays

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Lifeless

B.Religious

C.Traditional

D.Quiet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.considerate

B.punctual

C.thrifty

D.dominant.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“每一條街道都有一個(gè)故事，造就一段回憶。那些擁有美好的童年的人能夠隨著街道回到家鄉(xiāng)，回到那些快樂的時(shí)光。而剩下的人則是由于責(zé)任返回家鄉(xiāng)，然后盡可能快的離開。RayAtlee在他的家鄉(xiāng)克林頓待了15分鐘后，迫不及待的想要離開?！庇纱丝赏茢?，RayAtlee很明顯屬于第二類人，說明他沒有快樂的童年，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第六段首句“Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容“在這個(gè)圣經(jīng)國度的深處，星期天除了去教堂、坐在門廊上、拜訪鄰居、按照神的旨意休息和放松外，幾乎什么也不做，這在鎮(zhèn)上還是不成文的規(guī)矩?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B符合原文；根據(jù)第二段三四句“Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)沒有任何的區(qū)域劃分。土地所有者可以在沒有許可證、沒有檢查、沒有通知毗鄰?fù)恋厮姓叩那闆r下建造任何東西，什么都不做?！庇纱丝赏茢啵@個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)是傳統(tǒng)的，選項(xiàng)C正確；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及，所以本題選D。

3.判斷推斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.他停好車之后走到母親的墳?zāi)骨埃@是他多年來從未做過的事。”以及倒數(shù)第三段“...sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,...他一邊喝著劣質(zhì)的速溶茶，一邊接受有關(guān)如何安葬他父親的指示。又即將給予許多命令、規(guī)定和指示...”說明父親對他的嚴(yán)厲。由此可推斷，Ray和他父母的關(guān)系是疏遠(yuǎn)的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.”根據(jù)家庭會(huì)議的時(shí)間可推測出Ray的父親很守時(shí)，選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段提及的父親書房里的劣質(zhì)速溶茶“badinstanttea”可推測他的父親很節(jié)儉；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.”可推斷出他的父親占主導(dǎo)地位，選項(xiàng)D正確；只有選項(xiàng)A在文中沒有提及，所以本題選A。

8.單選題

Mechanizationhasgradually（）manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.terminated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:disposed“處置”；B:eliminated“排除，消除；淘汰”；C:discarded“丟棄，拋棄”；D:terminated“結(jié)束；使終結(jié)”。句意：機(jī)械化逐漸使印度淘汰了許多牧場和農(nóng)業(yè)工作，而這地區(qū)很少吸引到工業(yè)。結(jié)合此處語境，工業(yè)化應(yīng)該是減少了農(nóng)牧業(yè)工作，因此B為正確答案。

9.單選題

JapanbecamethetopinvestmentdestinationforChinesepropertyinvestmentin2014duetothe（）oftheJapaneseyen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attachment

B.amendment

C.depreciation

D.abbreviation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)attachment表示“附件，依戀”；B選項(xiàng)amendment表示“修正，改正”；C選項(xiàng)depreciation表示“折舊，貶值”；D選項(xiàng)abbreviation表示“縮寫，簡寫”。由原文句意可知，2014年日本成為中國房地產(chǎn)投資的首選投資目的地是因?yàn)槿赵ǎ?。因此，depreciation最符合句意，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Donotpadyourpaperwith______matters;sticktoessentialitemsonly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extrinsic

B.extant

C.extraneous

D.extrovert

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)extrinsic表示“外在的，外來的”，B項(xiàng)extant表示“現(xiàn)存的，顯著的”，C項(xiàng)extraneous表示“沒有直接聯(lián)系的，無關(guān)的”，D項(xiàng)extrovert為名詞，表示“外向，外傾者”。根據(jù)后面的句子sticktoessentialitemsonly（只做重要的事情），結(jié)合前面的否定donot可知，空格處要填入一個(gè)與essential相反的詞語，因此，“無關(guān)的”符合語境。句意：不要用不相干的東西填滿你的紙，只做重要的事情。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

ThedominantmodelofAmericanlegaleducationremainsoneinwhichstudentsaretaughthowtoargueaggressively,withnoquartergivenortaken,andhowtofightanopposingviewpointwith（）technicalskill.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.programmed

B.un-programmed

C.uncompromising

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。programmed“程序化的”；un-programmed“非程序化的”；uncompromising“不妥協(xié)的，堅(jiān)定的”；promising“有希望的，有前途的”。句意：美國法律教育的主導(dǎo)模式仍然是這樣一種模式:學(xué)生們被教導(dǎo)如何進(jìn)行激烈的辯論，不退縮也不接受對方的憐憫，以及如何以毫不妥協(xié)的技巧與對立的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行斗爭。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Inthelongrun,thenewsystem,whichisuniformandsimpler,willsavemoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inthecourseoflongexperience

B.Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties

C.Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople

D.Inthelightofeconomicreckoning

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Inthelongrun表示“從長遠(yuǎn)看”；A項(xiàng)Inthecourseoflongexperience“在長期經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程中”，B項(xiàng)Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties“因?yàn)樨?cái)政困難”，C項(xiàng)Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople“以富民的觀點(diǎn)”，D項(xiàng)Inthelightofeconomicreckoning“根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)算”。句意：從長遠(yuǎn)來看，統(tǒng)一且更簡單的新系統(tǒng)將節(jié)省資金。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thepersonwho（）thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:發(fā)起這類研究的人值得夸獎(jiǎng)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。originate創(chuàng)立；開創(chuàng)；發(fā)明；manufacture制造，生產(chǎn)；加工；generate引起；產(chǎn)生；estimate估計(jì)；預(yù)測；評價(jià)。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectorshasbeen（

）in30Americancitiesforthesakeofbio-security.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deployed

B.committed

C.indulged

D.immersed

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)deploy“部署，有效利用”；B選項(xiàng)commit“犯罪，保證”;C選項(xiàng)indulge“沉溺”；D選項(xiàng)immerse“沉浸，陷入”；根據(jù)主語‘Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectors微型毒素探測器網(wǎng)絡(luò)’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispartwith5sentencesunderlined.YouarerequiredtotranslatethosesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.ReadthefollowingshortpassagescarefullyandONLYtranslatethe5sentencesthatareunderlined.

(1)ElNinoisanintermittentdisruptionoftheclimatesystemcenteredintheequatorialPacificthathaseffectsonshort-termclimatearoundthePacificbasin.

TounderstandElNino,itisnecessarytounderstandthenormaltrade-windsysteminthetropicalPacific.(2)Thesunheatstheequatorialregionsmorestronglythantherestoftheglobe,soairtendstorisefromthesurfacethere,replacedbyinflowfromthesubtropics.TheCoriolisEffectturnstheseinflowstotherightinthenorthernhemisphereandtotheleftinthesouthern,resultinginthegreattrade-windbeltsthatblowequatorwardandwestwardoverthewidthofthetropicalPacific.(3)Intheocean,thesewindstendtopushthesurfacewatertowardsthewest,sosealevelatIndonesiaisabout50cmhigherthanattheSouthAmericancoast,whichgivesanideaofthepowerandsteadinessofthetradewinds.Assurfacewaterispushedwest,coolersubsurfacewaterisdrawnuptothesurfaceintheeasternequatorialPacific.Thisupwelledwaterisnutrientrich,andsupportsalargepopulationofmarineandbirdlife,aswellasanimportantfisheryoffthecoastofPeruandEcuador.(4)Then,duringitsjourneywest,surfacewaterisheatedbythesuntotemperaturesofabout29℃overahugeareawestofthedateline,knownasthewestPacificwarmpool,wheretheoceanisroughly6℃higherthanwhenthewatercametothesurfaceintheeast.Thisairisalsoveryhumidduetoitslongpassageoverthetropicalocean,andwhenitrisesinthewestheavyprecipitinisproducedoverIndonesiaandSoutheastAsia.

Thewarmpoolisoneofthemajordrivingforcesofworldclimate.Itswarmthstrengthenstherisingmotioninthewestandtherebyreinforcesthewestwardwindsofthetradewindsystem.(5)Therising,moisture-ladenairpumpsheatandwatervaporintotheupperatmosphere,whereitcanbecarriedgreatdistances.Thehugesourceofheathelpssetthepathofthejetstreamsthatcontroltemperate-zoneweather,muchasalargerockinastreamdeterminesthepatternofwaterflow,includingwaverymotionsthatextendwelldownstreamoftherock.Therefore,whenthewarmpoolchangesshapeorposition,theeffectsrippleoutwardtoaffectmuchoftheworld’sweather.

【答案】1.厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是一種以赤道太平洋為中心的氣候系統(tǒng)的間歇性中斷，對太平洋盆地周圍的短期氣候產(chǎn)生影響。

2.太陽對赤道地區(qū)的加熱要比地球上其他地區(qū)強(qiáng)烈得多，所以那里的空氣往往會(huì)從表面上升，取而代之的是來自亞熱帶的流入。

3.在海洋中，這些風(fēng)傾向于將表層海水推向西部，因此印度尼西亞的海平面比南美洲海岸高出約50厘米，這讓我們了解了信風(fēng)的力量和穩(wěn)定性。

4.然后，在它向西航行的過程中，地表水在一個(gè)巨大的國際日期變更線以西的區(qū)域被太陽加熱到約29攝氏度，這片區(qū)域被稱為西太平洋暖池，那里的海洋溫度比海水到達(dá)東方表面時(shí)大約高出6攝氏度。

5.上升的充滿水分的空氣將熱量和水蒸氣抽到高層大氣中，在那里它們可以被帶去很遠(yuǎn)的地方。

16.單選題

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.muchmoretoread要讀得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用說去讀

C.muchlessreading更不用說讀D.stillmorereading仍然更多的閱讀

【考查點(diǎn)】比較級的用法。

【解題思路】句子中謂語動(dòng)詞find的真正賓語是toread…，所以比較成分中同樣要用to的不定式；而muchless為常見用法，表示“更不用說”，符合句子意思。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思，與主句語意相矛盾；

C、D選項(xiàng)中的reading和主句中賓語成分結(jié)構(gòu)不對等。

【句意】事實(shí)上，幾乎每一位科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn)，要讀完與自己學(xué)科相關(guān)的所有著作是不可能的，更不用說廣泛閱讀學(xué)科之外的著作了。

17.單選題

Youneedtorewritethissentencebecauseitis

;thereaderswillhavedifficultyinunderstandingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comprehensive

B.alternative

C.confused

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Comprehensive“綜合的”；alternative“供選擇的”；confused“困惑的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：你需要重寫這個(gè)句子，因?yàn)樗：磺?，讀者理解起來會(huì)有困難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

Foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemextensiveurine(尿).Afterall,truevitamindeficienciesarepracticallyunheardofinindustrializedcountries.Nowitseemsthatthosedoctorsmayhavebeenwrong.Theresultsofagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatevenamodestvitaminshortfallcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.Althoughproofofthebenefitsofmultivitaminsisstillfarfromcertain,thefewdollarsyouspendonthemisprobablyagoodinvestment.

Oratleastthat’stheargumentputforwardintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.Ideally,saidDr.WalterWillettandDr.MeirStampferofHarvard,allvitaminsupplementswouldbeevaluatedinscientificallyrigorousclinicaltrials.Butthosestudiescantakealongtimeandoftenraisemorequestionsthantheyanswer.Atsomepoint,whileresearchersworkonfiguringoutwherethetruthlies,itjustmakessensetosaythepotentialbenefitoutweighsthecost.

Thebestevidencetodateconcernsfolate（葉酸）,oneoftheBvitamins.It’sbeenprovedtolimitthenumberofdefectsinembryos（胚胎）,andarecenttrialfoundthatfolateincombinationwithvitaminB12andaformofB6alsodecreasesthere-blockageofarteriesaftersurgicalrepair.

ThenewsonvitaminEhasbeenmoremixed.Healthyfolkswhotake400internationalunitsdailyforatleasttwoyearsappearsomewhatlesslikelytodevelopheartdisease.ButwhendoctorsgivevitaminEtopatientswhoalreadyhaveheartdisease,thevitamindoesn’tseemtohelp.ItmayturnoutthatvitaminEplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage.

DespitevitaminC’sgreatpopularity,consuminglargeamountsofitstillhasnotbeenpositivelylinkedtoanygreatbenefit.ThebodyquicklybecomessaturatedwithCandsimplyexcretes（排泄）anyexcess.

Themultivitaminsquestionboilsdowntothis：Doyouneedtowaituntilalltheevidenceisinbeforeyoutakethem,orareyouwillingtoacceptthatthere’senoughevidencethattheydon’thurtandcouldhelp?

Ifthelatter,there’snoneedtogotoextremesandbuythebiggesthorsepillsorthemostexpensivebottles.Largedosescancausetrouble,includingexcessivebleedingandnervoussystemproblems.

Multivitaminsarenosubstituteforexerciseandabalanceddiet,ofcourse.Aslongasyouunderstandthatanypotentialbenefitismodestandsubjecttofurtherrefinement,takingadailymultivitaminmakesalotofsense.

1.Atonetimedoctorsdiscouragedtakingmultivitaminsbecausetheybelievedthatmultivitamins

2.Accordingtotheauthor,clinicaltrialsofvitaminsupplements（

）

3.IthasbeenfoundthatvitaminE（

）.

4.Itcanbeseenthatlargedosesofmultivitamins（

）.

5.Theauthorconcludesthepassagewiththeadvicethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldnoteasilybeabsorbedbythehumanbody

B.werepotentiallyharmfultopeople’shealth

C.weretooexpensivefordailyconsumption

D.couldnotprovideanycureforvitamindeficiencies

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.oftenresultinmisleadingconclusions

B.taketimeandwillnotproduceconclusiveresults

C.shouldbeconductedbyscientistsonalargerscale

D.appeartobeasheerwasteoftimeandresources

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbetakenbypatientsregularlyandpersistently

B.caneffectivelyreducetherecurrenceofheartdisease

C.hasapreventivebutnotcurativeeffectonheartdisease

D.shouldbegiventopatientswithheartdiseaseasearlyaspossible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.maybringaboutserioussideeffects

B.mayhelppreventexcessivebleeding

C.arelikelytoinducetheblockageofarteries

D.areadvisableforthosewithvitamindeficiencies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thebenefitofdailymultivitaminintakeoutweighsthatofexerciseandabalanceddiet

B.it’sriskytotakemultivitaminswithoutknowingtheirspecificfunction

C.thepotentialbenefitofmultivitaminscanneverbeoverestimated

D.it’sreasonabletotakearationaldoseofmultivitaminsdaily

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開篇第一句話Foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemextensiveurine.很多年來，醫(yī)生告誡他們的病人服用復(fù)合維生素只會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們多尿。由此可知，對于醫(yī)生來說，維生素很難被吸收，都會(huì)通過尿液排出。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句話提到所有的維他命供應(yīng)都會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行科學(xué)的評估。接下來第三句話“但是這些研究需要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間，并且會(huì)提出更多的問題”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第四段“ItmayturnoutthatvitaminEplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage”（維他命E被證明可以預(yù)防但是對已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重的病沒有效果。）選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話提到吃過量的維他命會(huì)造成一些問題，比如血流不止和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)方面的問題。選項(xiàng)A中的serioussideeffects與這些信息對應(yīng)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到人們對于維生素應(yīng)該采取的態(tài)度：潛在的好處都不會(huì)太大，但是會(huì)帶來長久的好處，平時(shí)服用維生素對身體是很有好處的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Wehopethisradiowillhelpovercomethe____feltduringyourstayinthehospital.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pain

B.loneliness

C.tedium

D.nervousness

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pain疼痛B.loneliness孤獨(dú)

C.tedium無聊D.nervousness緊張不安

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】句意：我們希望這臺(tái)收音機(jī)能幫助你克服在醫(yī)院期間的____感受。根據(jù)句意，首先，空格處所填詞是在醫(yī)院住院的感受，其次，這種感受可以通過聽收音機(jī)解決，C選項(xiàng)tedium“無聊”符合語境，住院是很無聊的，有收音機(jī)聽就不無聊了。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】我們希望這臺(tái)收音機(jī)能幫助你克服在醫(yī)院期間的無聊。

20.單選題

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkativefrequentlyofferingideasandanecdoteswhilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklyconcurred.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid"she'sthetalkerinourfamily.Theroomburstintolaughterthemanlookedpuzzledandhurt,"it'strue"heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoingwe'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewoftheme—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percentthatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaningcookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication.“Hedoesn'tlistentome”:“Hedoesn'ttalktome.”IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.

Inshorttheimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingat:thebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisfacewhileawomanglaresatthebackofitwantingtotalk.

1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase"wreakinghavoc"(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans（

）.

3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Talkingtothem.

B.Trustingthem.

C.Supportingtheircareers.

D.Sharinghousework.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.generatingmotivation

B.exertinginfluence

C.causingdamage

D.creatingpressure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen

B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation

C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples

D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S

D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中womenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem（女人經(jīng)常抱怨他們的丈夫不和她們交談）可推測大多數(shù)妻子對丈夫的主要期望是與他們交談，因此選A。