考研考博-英語-四川建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

His（

）lifeasarevolutionarymadehimhighlyadaptabletovariouskindsofhardlivingconditions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.erratic

B.eccentric

C.erroneous

D.inured

【答案】A

【解析】erratic不穩(wěn)定的；eccentric古怪的，反常的；erroneous錯誤的，不正確的；inured習(xí)慣的。句意：作為革命者，飄忽不定的生活使他能夠適應(yīng)各種艱苦的生活條件。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Allexpertsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（）therisksandbenefits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.weighing

B.valuing

C.evaluating

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:所有專家都認(rèn)為，在對減肥藥所做的各方面的考慮中，最重要的是仔細(xì)權(quán)衡風(fēng)險和益處。

考查動詞辨析。weight使變重，權(quán)衡；value評價，重視；evaluate評價，估價；distinguish區(qū)分，辨別，使杰出。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞therisksandbenefits(風(fēng)險和益處)可知A項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.寫作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection”.

【答案】TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection4.填空題

Ihave（1）goodnewsforyou:Johnhas（2）tobuyyouroldmotorcycle.

【答案】1.some

2.decided

【解析】1.語義題。句意:告訴你一些好消息。

2.固定搭配。Decidetodo決定…。

5.單選題

Afarmermustlearnthekindsofcropsbest（）thesoilsonhisfarm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accustomedto

B.committedto

C.appliedto

D.suitedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)accustomto“習(xí)慣于”，B項(xiàng)committo“把……投入，交付”，C項(xiàng)applyto“適用于，應(yīng)用于”，D項(xiàng)suitto“適合于”。句意：農(nóng)民必須了解最適合他農(nóng)場土壤的作物種類。四個選項(xiàng)中，只有suitto最合適；因此，該題D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thewagesofmanuallaborersstaypainfullylow,meaningdigitalizationcoulddriveanevendeeper（）betweentherichandpoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boundary

B.difference

C.wedge

D.variation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)boundary“邊界，范圍”，B項(xiàng)difference“差異，不同”，C項(xiàng)wedge“楔子，不和”，D項(xiàng)variation“變化，變異，變種”。句意：體力勞動者的工資維持在令人痛苦的低水平，這意味著數(shù)字化可能會加深富人和窮人之間的隔閡。四個選項(xiàng)中，只有wedge的意思與句意相近；因此，該題C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Scienceandtechnologyactuallyhelpto（）theusefulandpleasantpartsoftraditionalculture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preserve

B.prevail

C.reserve

D.precede

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意:科學(xué)技術(shù)實(shí)際上有助于保存?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)文化中有用的和討人喜歡的部分。選項(xiàng)中只有A和C有保留，保存的意思。preserve強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)東西完好無損;reserve指保存儲備留作后用。根據(jù)句意可知，選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。

8.單選題

Thereseemedlittlehopethattheexplorer,（）byhisguide,wouldfindhiswaythroughthejungle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havingbeendeserted

B.havingdeserted

C.tohavebeendeserted

D.tobedeserted

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞desert和主語explorer是被動關(guān)系，B選項(xiàng)havingdesert“拋棄”表示主動，所以B選項(xiàng)排除，C選項(xiàng)tohavebeendeserted和D選項(xiàng)tobedeserted都表示“將要被拋棄”，A選項(xiàng)havingbeendeserted相當(dāng)于whohadbeendeserted，用來修飾explorer，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被拋棄。句意：那位探險家被向?qū)нz棄后，要找到穿過叢林的路似乎沒有什么希望了。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

WhenIwasstillanarchitecturestudent,ateachertoldme,"Welearnmorefrombuildingsthatfalldownthanfrombuildingsthatstandup."Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory.Althoughstructuraldesignfollowsestablishedformulas,theactualperformanceofabuildingiscomplicatedbythepassageoftime,thebehaviorofusers,thenaturalelementsandunnaturalevents.Allaredifficulttosimulate.Buildings,unlikecars,can'tbecrash-tested.

ThefirstimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisthattallbuildingscanwithstandtheimpactofalargejetliner.Thetwintowersweresupportedby59perimetercolumnsoneachside.Althoughabout30ofthesecolumns,extendingfromfourtosixfloors,weredestroyedineachbuildingbytheimpact,initiallybothtowersremainedstanding.Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives.

Iwasonceaskedhowtallbuildingsshouldbedesignedgivenwhatwe'dlearnedfromtheworldTradeCentercollapse.Myanswerwas,"Lower,"Thequestionofwhenatallbuildingbecomesunsafeiseasytoanswer.Commonaerialfire-fightingladdersinusetodayare100feethighandcanreachtoaboutthe10thfloor,sofiresinbuildingsupto10storieshighcanbefoughtfromtheexterior.Fightingfiresandevacuatingoccupantsabovethatheightdependonfirestairs.

Thetallerthebuilding,thelongeritwilltakeforfirefighterstoclimbtothesceneofthefire.Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis"Lowerthan10stories."

Thenwhydon'tcitiesimposelowerheightlimits?A60-storyofficebuildingdoesnothavesixtimesasmuchrentablespaceasa10-storybuilding.However,allthingsbeingequal,suchabuildingwillproducefourtimesmorerevenueandfourtimesmoreinpropertytaxes.Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets.

ThemostimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisnotthatweshouldstopbuildingtallbuildingsbutthatwehavemisjudgedtheircost.Wedidthesamethingwhenweunderestimatedthecostofhurtlingalongahighwayinasteelboxat70milesperhour.Ittookmanyyearsbeforeseatbelts,airbags,radialtires,andantilockbrakesbecamecommonplace.Atfirst,carssimplyweretooslowtowarrantconcern.Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedowillingly.

1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat（）.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheWTCcollapse?

3.Ideally,thepolicyincityconstructionshouldbe（）.

4.Whyaretherestillhighbuildings,orevenskyscrapersinmanycities?

5.WhatisthemostimportantlessonoftheWTCcollapse?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.architectureissomethingmoreoutofexperiencethanoutoftheory

B.architecturedependsjustasmuchonexperienceasontheory

C.itissaferforpeopletoliveinoldbuildings

D.welearnnotsomuchfromourfailureasfromoursuccess

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Despitethetwostrongbuildings,thedeathtollwasstillveryshocking.

B.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasofthefirstclass.

C.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasnotsostrongaspeoplehadexpected

D.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasstrongenoughtowithstandanyaccidents.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lowerthantenstories

B.thelower,thebetter

C.thehigher,thebetter

D.higherthantenstories

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheyarethesymbolofmoderntimes.

B.Becausemanycitiesnowlackbuildingspace.

C.Becausetheyareanimportantfinancialsourceofacity'sbudget.

D.Becausetheyrepresentthelevelofacountry'sscienceandtechnology.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Weshouldwearseatbeltswhiledriving.

B.Weshouldbuildlowbuildingsjustasweshoulddriveslowly.

C.Weshouldmaketallbuildingsillegal.

D.Weshouldpayforsafetywhileconstructingtallbuildings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。第一段第二句指出:Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory(他的意思是建筑物既是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，也是理論的結(jié)果)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“建筑不僅依賴于理論，也依賴于經(jīng)驗(yàn)”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞WTCcollapse定位至第二段:Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives(即使（兩座建筑物沒有倒塌），付出的傷亡代價卻是驚人的——2235人失去了生命)。由此推斷A項(xiàng)“盡管兩座建筑物很牢固，但付出的傷亡代價卻是驚人的”正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis“Lowerthan10stories.”(所以安全問題的簡單答案是“低于10層樓”)。因此A選項(xiàng)“低于十層”正確。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段指出:Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets(因此削減樓層高度等于削減城市預(yù)算)。因此在許多城市里還有高樓大廈，甚至摩天大樓是因?yàn)椤八鼈兪浅鞘蓄A(yù)算的重要財政來源”。答案為C。

第5題:判斷推理題。最后一段提到從世貿(mào)中心倒塌事件得到的一個重要經(jīng)驗(yàn):Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedo–willingly(之后，廠商拒絕使用這些昂貴的設(shè)施，認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者不會為安全買單。但是現(xiàn)在我們的確愿意了)。因此D項(xiàng)“在建造高層建筑時，我們應(yīng)該為安全問題買單”正確。

10.單選題

_____makesmendifferentfromtheotheranimalsisthattheycanthinkandspeak.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.That

B.Thething

C.All

D.What

【答案】D

【解析】考查主語從句。題干中what從句是整個句子的主語，故后面的動詞為is。B項(xiàng)all和C項(xiàng)thethings少了作主語的關(guān)系代詞（that），在定語從句中，做主語的關(guān)系代詞是不能省略的，只有作賓語的關(guān)系代詞能省略，所以B，C兩項(xiàng)錯誤。

11.單選題

Yetthedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,sosoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide,thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anidealconstitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself:amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintent,isamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety,science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthegoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartofthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselvestoexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills.Someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreekoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealournaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoournaturaldeath—theinevitablecorrelateofbirth,andofachangingandconditionedexistence.Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.Toconfuseintelligenceanddislocatesentimentbygratuitousfictionsisashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness,Natureissoonavenged.Anunhealthyexaltationandaone-sidedmoralityhavetobefollowedbyregrettablereaction.Whenthiscome,therealrewardsoflifemayseemvaintoarelaxedvitality,andtheverynameofvirtuemayirritateyoungspiritsuntrainedinanynaturalexcellence,Thus,religiontoooftendebauchesthemoralityitcomestosanctionandimpedesthescienceitoughttofulfill.

Whatisthesecretofthisineptitude?Whydoesreligion,soneartorationalityinitspurpose,fallsoshortofitinitsresults?Theansweriseasy;religionpursuesrationalitythroughtheimagination.Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremouldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallgood.Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.Hencethedepthandimportanceofreligionbecomesintelligiblenolessthanitscontradictionsandpracticaldisasters.Itsobjectisthesameasthatofreason,butitsmethodistoproceedbyintuitionandbyuncheckedpoeticalconceits.

1.Asusedinthepassage,theauthorwoulddefinewisdomas（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtotheauthor?

3.Theauthorofthispassagestatesthatreligiondiffersfromrationalityinthat

（

）.

4.AllofthefollowingtermsmaybeusedtodescribetheconceptofreasonasusedbytheauthorEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepursuitofrationalitythroughimagination

B.anunemotionalsearchforthetruth

C.apurposefulandunbiasedquestforthatwhichisbest

D.ashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Religionseeksthetruththroughimagination;reason,initssearch,utilizestheemotions

B.Religionhasprovedanineffectivetoolinsolvingman’sproblems.

C.Scienceseeksapiecemealsolutiontoman’squestions.

D.Thepoetryofreligionoftenassumesthatitisthetruth.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itreliesonintuitionratherthanreasoning

B.itisnotconcernedwiththeultimatejustificationofitsinstinctiveaims

C.itdebauchesyoungminds

D.ithasinspiredmankind

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.unemotional

B.orderly

C.reconciledtotheinevitable

D.imaginative

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞wisdom出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段，恰好詞后有破折號“Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremouldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallgood”，當(dāng)它給人訓(xùn)誡、暗示理想或重塑抱負(fù)時，它是一種富有想象力的智慧的替代品：我認(rèn)為，它是對一切美好事物深思熟慮、不偏不倚的追求。瀏覽四個選項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，C選項(xiàng)“一種對最好的事物有目的且無偏見的追求”符合文意。

2.判斷推理題。第一段中說到對reason理性的態(tài)度“Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.我們遵循或不遵循它；它既不催促我們，也不責(zé)備我們，除了以事物的真實(shí)性質(zhì)和比例展現(xiàn)出來而自然地激起我們的感情外，它不要求我們有任何感情?！?，A選項(xiàng)后半部分“理性在尋找的過程中利用了情感”與文章不符合，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“宗教已被證明是解決人類問題的一種無效工具”出現(xiàn)在文章第二段“Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.用這種方法（宗教的方法），對生活的真正改善幾乎是無能為力的”；C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)尋求對人類問題的漸進(jìn)解決辦法”對應(yīng)文章第三段“Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.當(dāng)它解釋事件或分配原因時，它是科學(xué)的想象替代品”；D選項(xiàng)“宗教的詩歌常常假定它是真理”對應(yīng)第三段中“Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.生活的目的和條件在宗教中都有詩意的體現(xiàn)，但這種詩意往往把宗教所不具備的字面上的真理和道德上的權(quán)威據(jù)為己有”。

3.判斷推理題。第一段提到題干中兩個關(guān)鍵詞“religion”和“rationality”。本題問的是宗教的不同之處，因此定位到“religion”相關(guān)句“Religionisapartofexperienceitself:amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.宗教是經(jīng)驗(yàn)本身的一部分：大量的情感和思想。一個是不可違背的原則，另一個是變化和奮斗的力量。然而，宗教的這種掙扎和變化的力量似乎把人引向某種永恒的東西。它似乎是為了靈魂內(nèi)部的終極和諧，以及靈魂和靈魂所依賴的一切之間的終極和諧?！睂Ρ冗x項(xiàng)可知，D選項(xiàng)“它鼓舞了人類”符合上述文意。

4.判斷推理題。Reason在本文中的定義出現(xiàn)在第一段“Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.另一方面，理性只是一種原則或潛在的秩序，我們確實(shí)可以根據(jù)它來思考，但它只存在于我們心中，沒有任何變化或壓力。我們遵循或不遵循它；它既不催促我們，也不責(zé)備我們，除了以事物的真實(shí)性質(zhì)和比例展現(xiàn)出來而自然地激起我們的感情外，它不要求我們有任何感情?！盇選項(xiàng)unemotional“非感情的”，B選項(xiàng)orderly“有秩序的”，C選項(xiàng)reconciledtotheinevitable“接受不可避免的事實(shí)”均出現(xiàn)在上述語句中，D選項(xiàng)imaginative“富于想象的”不符合文中表述，不可用來描述reason。

12.單選題

Asthesilentfilm（）sound,sodidthesoundfilm（）color.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.criedoutfor...criedoutfor

B.cryoutfor...cryoutfor

C.hadcriedoutfor...criedoutfor

D.hadcriedoutfor...cryoutfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。綜合選項(xiàng)，可看出后半句是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，因此第二空應(yīng)填動詞原形，可排除A和C選項(xiàng)。前半句描述的事情發(fā)生在后半句之前，因此時態(tài)應(yīng)使用過去完成時表示，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.填空題

Myparentshavebeen（1）meto（2）marriedforthelasttwoyears,butIstillhaven’tmadeupmy（3）.

句意:在過去的兩年里，我的父母一直讓我結(jié)婚，但是我仍舊沒有做好決定。

【答案】1.asking

2.get

3.mind

【解析】1.固定搭配。Asksb.todo要求某人做某事。此處表示“一直”,用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,所以填asking。

2.固定搭配。Getmarried結(jié)婚。

3.固定搭配。Makeupone’smind下決心。

14.單選題

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的使用。disappointing是形容詞，表示“令人失望的”，一般用于事物給人的感覺，修飾是事物，這里修飾的名詞是graduates（畢業(yè)生），該處應(yīng)該要表示“感到失望的畢業(yè)生”，所以要用disappointed（感到失望的）。句意：我們被告知，年輕人必須上大學(xué)，因?yàn)槲覀兊慕?jīng)濟(jì)無法吸納大批未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的18歲青年。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，它也無法再吸收大批訓(xùn)練有素的22歲年輕人。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

15.翻譯題

Nowwehavesteppedintotheinformationsociety.Theinformationindustrydevelopsveryrapidly.However,therearealsoalotofproblems:thehackers,trick-playingteensandinternet-basedcriminals.Thus,informationsocietybecomesanimportantissue.Informationleakagemayhurtalotofdepartments,suchasrelatedauthorities,enterprises,organizationsorinstitutes,aswellasindividuals.

【答案】現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)步入了信息社會。信息產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展非常迅速。然而，也有很多問題：黑客、惡作劇的青少年和網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪分子。因此，信息社會成為一個重要的問題。信息泄露可能會給很多部門造成傷害，如相關(guān)當(dāng)局、企業(yè)、組織或機(jī)構(gòu)以及個人。

16.單選題

Therearethreeseparatesourcesofhazard（1）totheuseofnuclearreactiontosupplyuswithenergy.Firstly,theradioactivematerialmusttravelfromitsplaceofmanufacturetothepowerstation.（2）thepowerstationsthemselvesaresolidlybuilt,thecontainerusedfortransportofthematerialarenot.Unfortunately,thereare（3）onlytwomethodsoftransportavailable,（4）roadorrail,andbothofthese（5）closecontactwiththegeneralpublic,（6）theroutesare（7）topassnear,oreventhrough,（8）populatedareas.

Secondly,thereisaproblemofwasters.Allnuclearpowerstationsproducewasteswhich（9）willremainradioactiveforthousandsofyears.Itis（10

）tode-activethesewastes,andsotheymustbestored（11

）oneoftheingeniousbutcumbersomewaysthatscientistshaveinvented.Forexample,theymustbeburiedundertheground（12

）sunkinthesea.However,these（13

）donotsolvetheproblemcompletely,theymerelystoreit,sinceanearth-quakecould（14

）openthecontainerslikenuts.

Thirdly,thereistheproblemofaccidentalexposure（15

）toaleakoranexplosionatthepowerstation.（16

）withtheothertwohazards,thisisnotverylikelyanddoesnotprovideaserious（17

）tothenuclearprogram,（18

）itcanhappen,astheinhabitantsofHarrisburgwilltellyou.

Separately,andduringshortperiods,thesethreetypesofriskarenogreatcauseforconcern.（19

）,though,andespecially（20

）muchlongerperiods,theprobabilityofadisasterisextremelyhigh.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.related

B.connected

C.associated

D.affiliated

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hence

B.Although

C.Therefore

D.However

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.regularly

B.typically

C.normally

D.commonly

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.suchas

B.forexample

C.forinstance

D.namely

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concern

B.involve

C.include

D.contain

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.although

C.while

D.so

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.bound

B.close

C.near

D.sure

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.much

B.heavily

C.closely

D.crowdedly

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.inmostcases

B.inthemostcases

C.inanycases

D.insuchcases

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.important

B.improbable

C.impossible

D.incredible

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.by

C.with

D.on

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.than

C.or

D.and

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.means

B.ways

C.measures

D.methods

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.crack

B.crash

C.clash

D.collide

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.attached

B.due

C.relevant

D.owing

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.contacted

B.compared

C.matched

D.contrasted

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.disapproval

B.disagreement

C.protest

D.objection

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.since

C.so

D.hence

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.Takingtogether

B.Takentogether

C.Havingtakentogether

D.Havingbeentakentogether

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.at

C.over

D.for

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:A

【解析】（1）這里表示與...相關(guān),用relatedto。connectedto指與...相連接；associated后面通常接介詞with；affiliatedto指使...隸屬于。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（2）根據(jù)原文,電站本身是堅固的,用于運(yùn)輸材料的集裝箱卻不是。所以這里用Although表轉(zhuǎn)折。Hence和Therefore都表因此；However用在此處句意不通。

（3）根據(jù)原文,不幸的是,只有兩種運(yùn)輸方法。normally表通常地,一般地,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)其正常性；regularly定期地；typically典型地；commonly一般地,普通地,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)共性。所以,選項(xiàng)C更符合原文。

（4）namely也就是...,即是...；選項(xiàng)A,B,C都是比如,舉例的意思。根據(jù)上一句,只有兩種運(yùn)輸方法,也就是公路或鐵路運(yùn)輸。不存在舉例的情況,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（5）根據(jù)原文,這兩種運(yùn)輸方法都涉及與公眾的密切接觸。concern比較側(cè)重單純的關(guān)聯(lián)性,而involve指涉及到問題。所以選項(xiàng)B更符合原文語境。

（6）根據(jù)原文,后面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對上一句的解析說明,所以用since表原因。

（7）boundto為習(xí)慣搭配,表示必然,一定會。句意：這些路線必然要經(jīng)過人口密集地區(qū)附近。

（8）Heavilypopulatedareas指人口密集地區(qū)。指人口密集用副詞heavily。

（9）inmostcases在大多數(shù)情況下,為固定搭配,沒有定冠詞the。inanycases無論如何；insuchcases在這種情況下。根據(jù)原文,所有的核電站都會產(chǎn)生廢物,在大多數(shù)情況下,這些廢物在數(shù)千年內(nèi)仍具有放射性。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（10）根據(jù)原文,要使這些廢物失去活性是不可能的。Improbable指不大可能的,未必確定的,不是完全沒有可能；impossible指完全沒有可能,更確切。根據(jù)下文可知,這些廢物只能儲存起來,所以用impossible更符合原文。incredible難以置信的,驚人的。

（11）通過什么樣的方法儲存起來用介詞by。原文指通過科學(xué)家們發(fā)明的一種巧妙但麻煩的方法儲存起來。

（12）根據(jù)原文,埋在地下或者沉入海底,表示并列的關(guān)系,用or。

（13）根據(jù)原文,然而,這些方法并不能完全解決問題,它們只是儲存。四個選項(xiàng)都有措施方法的意思,means強(qiáng)調(diào)的是處理問題的手段；way是通用詞,用在本文中意義太寬泛；measures強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對策,措施；method強(qiáng)調(diào)做某件事的具體步驟或程序。所以選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。

（14）考查近義詞辨析。crack破裂,爆裂；crash摔碎,墜落；clash碰撞；collide碰撞。根據(jù)原文,地震會像堅果一樣把容器砸開。地震的沖擊力是很大的,應(yīng)該是猛烈的撞開,所以選項(xiàng)B更適合。

（15）dueto表原因,原文指核電站意外暴露是由于發(fā)生泄漏或爆炸事故。owingto指歸功于,不符合原文。

（16）根據(jù)原文,這里指與其他兩種危險相比,這種是不太可能的。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（17）disapproval不贊成,不喜歡；disagreement不一致；protest抗議；objection異議,拒絕的理由。句意：也不會對核項(xiàng)目提出嚴(yán)重的反對意見。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（18）根據(jù)原文,正如哈里斯堡的居民會告訴你的那樣,這是可能發(fā)生的。上文提到說第三種危險不太可能會發(fā)生,但不意味著沒有可能,所以用but表轉(zhuǎn)折。

（19）考查分詞。這里的主語不是sb.而是三種風(fēng)險,所以不用-ing形式,而用分詞表示被動,選項(xiàng)B正確,意為綜合考慮。

（20）Period通常與in搭配,表示在...時期或周期內(nèi)。

17.單選題

To（

）thisstateofaffairs,thereportrecommendedaunifiedscheme,onaregionalbasis,withinwhichbothcommonandspecializedunitswouldcaterforthevariousneedsofpart-timeteachers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fortify

B.denominate

C.assimilate

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)，（在物質(zhì)或道義上）支持某人”；B選項(xiàng)“命名”；C選項(xiàng)“吸收，同化”；D選項(xiàng)“糾正”；根據(jù)句子的意思‘為了穩(wěn)定事態(tài)，該報告建議按地區(qū)實(shí)施一個統(tǒng)一的方案，普通和專門單位將滿足兼職教師的各種需求’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell,butifyou（

）youwillsucceedintheend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。hangup意為“懸掛，掛斷（電話）”；hangabout意為“閑逛”；hangon意為“堅持下去”；hangonto意為“緊緊抓住，不放棄，依附”。

句意：學(xué)好英語不是一件容易的事，但如果你堅持下去，你最終會成功的。

19.單選題

Darwinstatedthatthemoresurvivalcharacteristicsacreaturehas（

）thechancethatnewspecieswilladoptthesecharacteristics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thebest

B.thebetter

C.betterthan

D.asgoodas

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配?！癟he+比較級，the+比較級”，表示“越……就越……”，B選項(xiàng)正確。句意是‘達(dá)爾文指出，一個生物擁有的生存特征越多，該物種拙有這些特征的機(jī)會越大?！?/p>

20.單選題

Ithinkweshould______thematterfurtherbeforesigningthecontract.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookinto

B.lookupon

C.lookafter

D.lookup

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查；觀察；窺視；瀏覽；看”；B選項(xiàng)lookupon“看待；視作；看作；對待”；C選項(xiàng)lookafter“照顧；照料；照看”；D選項(xiàng)lookup“仰望；查閱；尊敬；拜訪；改善”。句意：我認(rèn)為在簽訂合同之前我們應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步考慮這個問題。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Despitetheoppositionfromhisfamily,theboyremained（）inhisdecisiontomarryher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.faithful

B.constant

C.staunch

D.resolute

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)faithful“忠誠的”；B選項(xiàng)constant“不變的”；C選項(xiàng)staunch“堅定的，忠誠的”；D選項(xiàng)resolute“堅決的，果斷的”。句意：盡管遭到家人的反對，男孩還是下定決心要娶她。這里是指果斷的下定決心，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

22.單選題

Ifwedon’tstopflirtingwiththosedeathlynuclearweapons,thewholeglobewillbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminated

B.polluted

C.annihilated

D.invaded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)contaminate“污染，玷污，腐蝕（人的思想或品德）”；B選項(xiàng)pollute“污染，弄臟”；C選項(xiàng)annihilate“消滅，毀滅，徹底擊敗”；D選項(xiàng)invade“侵入，侵略”。flirtwith表示“調(diào)戲，玩弄，不認(rèn)真地考慮”，deathlynuclearweapons表示“致命核武器”，結(jié)合語境可知C選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：如果我們不停止玩弄那些致命的核武器，整個世界將被毀滅。

23.單選題

NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans“roaringwater”.Indeed,theroarofthefallingwaterofNiagaracanbeheard（1）adistanceof25kms.Imagine（2）ofwaterflowingoveracliff90feethighandyouwillgetanideaofthatterriblenoise.

And（3）tremendouspowertheNiagaraRiverhas!Itmovesbigrocksaboutandthrowsthemintotheboilingwaterbelow.

（4）agoanoldshipwithoutsinglepersononboardwasputinmid-stream.Itsaileddowntheriver（5）atoyboatwithgreatspeed.Havingreachedthefall,theshipdroppedintotheboilingwater,never（6）again.

Thereweresomepeoplewhowantedtobecomefamous（7）swimmingacrossthemostdangerouspartoftheNiagaraRiver.OneofthemwasCaptainWebbwhosaidthathewouldtrytoswimcrosstheNiagara,which（8）crowdsofpeople.OntheeveningofJuly21st,1893,CaptainWebbcameuptotheriverand（9）aplunge.Hishavingjumpedintothewater（10）manypeoplewithhorror.Soon,heappearedinthemiddleoftheriver.Aloudshoutwentupfromthecrowd,butamomentlatertherewas（11）silence.Themanhaddisappearedunderthewater.Thousandsofeyes（12）ontheriver,butthemanwasdrowned.

In1902,acertainMissTaylordecidedtogooverthefallsinabarrel.Thereweredifferentkindsofpillowsinsidethebarreltopreventherfrom（13）.Havingexaminedthebarrelcarefully,MissTaylorgotin.Thebarrelwasclosedandthen（14）intothewater.Havingreachedthefalls,itoverturnedandwasshotdownbytheterrible（15）ofthewater.Whenthebarrelwasfinallycaughtandopened,MissTaylorcameoutalive（16）withafrightenedlookinhereyes.

Onceacrowdofvisitorssawarope（17）overfromonebankoftherivertotheother.Thentheysawaman（18）therope.Themanwasanactor,Blondin（19）.HemanagedtocrossNiagaraFallsonatightrope.Thepeopleonthebankweresurprisedathis（20）itsowell.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.within

B.inside

C.at

D.on

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.much

B.agreatnumber

C.mass

D.amass

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.howmuch

B.what

C.so

D.how

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Sometimes

B.Manytimes

C.Muchtime

D.Sometime

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.asif

C.like

D.likely

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.toappear

B.appearing

C.appeared

D.appear

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.by

C.through

D.from

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.attracted

B.drew

C.caused

D.pulled

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.gave

B.made

C.did

D.took

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.filling

B.fullof

C.filled

D.wasfilled

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.dead

B.dying

C.died

D.death

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.beingstopped

B.werefixing

C.werefixed

D.fixed

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.beinghurt

B.havinghurt

C.hurting

D.hurt

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.beingthrown

B.throwing

C.thrown

D.threw

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.capacity

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.however

C.so

D.but

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.beingput

B.put

C.havingput

D.putting

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.stepacross

B.stepoutonto

C.stepalong

D.stepon

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.inname

B.underthenameof

C.byname

D.tothenameof

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.done

B.havingdone

C.havingbeendone

D.beingdone

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)上，尼亞加拉瀑布的咆哮聲在25公里的范圍內(nèi)就能聽到?！痹凇木嚯x內(nèi)，用介詞within，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.考查邏輯連詞。muchof后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；沒有massof的表達(dá)；agreatnumberof后只能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；amassof后既可以接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可以