考研考博-英語-四川城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.Decadesago,whenthetechnologyconsistedsolelyofmassive,number-crunchingmainframecomputers,thechiefliberalartsapplicationswereincompilingstatisticalindexesofworksofliterature.

Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask,whichdatesbacktotheRenaissance,ofcatalogingeachreferenceofaparticularwordinaparticularwork.Concordanceshelpscholarsscrutinizeimportanttextsforpatternsandmeaning.Otherhumanitiesapplicationsforcomputersinthisearlyeraoftechnologyincludedcompilingdictionaries,especiallyforforeignorantiquatedlanguages,andcataloginglibrarycollections.

Suchtypesofcomputerusageinthehumanitiesmayseemlimitedatfirst,buttheyhaveproducedsomeinterestingresultsinthelastfewyearsandpromisetocontinuetodoso.Ascomputeruseandaccesshavegrown,sohasthenumberofdigitizedtextsofclassicliteraryworks.

Thecomputer-basedstudyofliterarytextshasestablisheditsownnicheinacademia.DonaldFoster,anEnglishprofessoratVassarCollegeinPoughkeepsie,NewYork,isoneoftheleadersintextualscholarship.Inthelate1980sFostercreatedSHAXICON,adatabasethattracksallthe“rare”wordsusedbyEnglishplaywrightWilliamShakespeare.EachofthesewordsappearsinanyindividualShakespeareplaynomorethan12times.Thewordscanthenbecross-referencedwithsome2,000otherpoetictexts,allowingexperiencedresearcherstoexplorewhentheywerewritten,whowrotethem,howtheauthorwasinfluencedbytheworksofotherwriters,andhowthetextschangedustheywerereproducedoverthecenturies.

Inlate1995Foster’sworkattractedwidespreadnoticewhenheclaimedthatShakespearewastheanonymousauthorofanobscure578-linepoem,AFuneralElegy(1612).Althoughexpertshadmadesimilarclaimsforotherworksinthepast,Fostergainedthebackingofanumberofprominentscholarsbecauseofhiscomputer-baseapproach.IfFoster’sclaimholdsuptolong-termjudgment,thepoemwillbeoneofthefewadditionstotheShakespeareancanoninthelast100years.

Foster’sworkgainedfurtherpublicacclaimandvalidationwhenhewasaskedtohelpidentifytheanonymousauthorofthebest-sellingpoliticalnovelPrimaryColors(1996).Afterusinghiscomputerprogramtocomparethestylistictraitsofvariouswriterswiththoseinthenovel,FostertabbedjournalistJoeKleinastheauthor.Soonafter,Kleinadmittedthathewastheauthor.FosterwasalsoemployedasanexpertinthecaseofthenotoriousUnabomber,aterroristwhopublishedananonymousmanifestoinseveralmajornewspapersin1995.

1.Thispaperwillmainlydiscuss（）.

2.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Fosteridentifiedtheauthorofananonymousmanifestoby（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanmostprobablybeinferredfromthepassage?

5.By"accesshavegrown"inparagraph3,theauthorprobablymeansthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advantageofcomputerusageinthestudyofhumanities

B.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingstatisticindexesofliteraryworks

C.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingdictionaries.

D.contributionsofcomputer-basedstudyofliterarytexts

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.AFuneralElegywasanauthenticworkfromShakespeare.

B.ComputerutilizationmadeForster'sclaimmoreconvincing.

C.Inthelast100years,additionalworksofShakespearehavebeenacceptedasauthentic.

D.Therearestillmanyworkswhoseauthorsareunknown.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.studyingthewritingcharacteristicofthesuspects

B.cross-referringthemanifestowithotherterrorists

C.gainthesupportofwell-knownscholars

D.applyingcomputerstothestudyofitsstyles

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Inthepast,mainframecomputerswereusedtohandlenumbers.

B.Computersusageinliberalartisnarrow.

C.Humanitiesapplicationsforcomputersmightproduceunexpectedresults.

D.Computersarebestindealingwithforeignorantiquatedlanguages.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.morepeopleareabletologontoacomputersystem.

B.meansofapproachingacomputerssystemareexpanded.

C.technologyofcomputershavebeenupgraded.

D.areawherecomputerscanbeappliedhaveincreased

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文分析可以看出，第一段的第一句為本文的中心句?！癈omputershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.”所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，F(xiàn)oster聲稱莎士比亞是《葬禮晚歌》的匿名作者，因?yàn)樗谟?jì)算機(jī)的方法得到了知名學(xué)者的支持。本段的最后一句提到，如果Foster的主張經(jīng)得起長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的推敲判斷，這首詩將是過去100年里莎士比亞經(jīng)典中為數(shù)不多的幾首增補(bǔ)作品之一。由此推斷，選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤。

3.根據(jù)原文的后半部分可知Foster證實(shí)匿名作品的作者是通過應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)（比較不同作家的文體和風(fēng)格）來研究其風(fēng)格。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask.”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Suchtypesof...continuetodoso.”可知，選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段的最后一句可知，選項(xiàng)D也不正確，所以本題選C。

5.access意為可接近的，可獲得的。這里指計(jì)算機(jī)的普及，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.單選題

Becauseofalltheattentionwearegivingtoour"bigideas",wemaystartto（）someoftheotherthingsinlifethatareimportant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.losetouchwith

B.getintouchwith

C.loseourtouchwith

D.keepintouchwith

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。losetouchwith“與失去聯(lián)系（或接觸）”；getintouchwith“與聯(lián)系”；keepintouchwith“與保持聯(lián)系”；沒有搭配loseourtouchwith，選項(xiàng)C排除。句意：由于我們所有的注意力都集中在我們的“大想法”上，所以我們開始很難接觸到生活中其他重要的事情。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Itisthefirsttimethathe（

）theschoolregulation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isgoingtoviolate

B.hasviolated

C.violates

D.violated

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題考查的是同位語從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)問題。Itisthefirsttimethat...這個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)于過去經(jīng)歷的總結(jié)，句意為：這是他第一次違反學(xué)校規(guī)則。故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

PeoplewillinsistthatwatchingTV（）children’simaginations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blunders

B.blunts

C.blushes

D.blends

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)blunders“犯大錯(cuò)；誤入某地”；B選項(xiàng)blunts“減弱；使遲鈍”；C選項(xiàng)blushes“臉紅；感到羞愧”；D選項(xiàng)blends“使混合；使交融”。句意：人們會(huì)堅(jiān)持說看電視……了兒童的想象力。前因是watchingTV“看電視”；后果是阻礙了children’simaginations“兒童的想象力”。在所有選項(xiàng)中只有blunt有減弱，使遲鈍的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

ScientistshaveachievedfindingssubstantialenoughtoremoveourfearofGMfoods.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abundant

B.controversial

C.conducive

D.convincing

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。substantial表示“大量的，實(shí)質(zhì)的”；A項(xiàng)abundant“豐富的，充裕的”，B項(xiàng)controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的，有爭(zhēng)論的”，C項(xiàng)conducive“有益的，有助于……的”，D項(xiàng)convincing“令人信服的”。句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)取得了足以消除我們對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品恐懼的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前面的findings（發(fā)現(xiàn)）可知只有D項(xiàng)的意思與劃線部分的意思相近，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Nooneexpectedhimto（）againsthisformeremployer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deduce

B.testify

C.certify

D.allege

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deduce“推論，推斷”；B選項(xiàng)testify“證明，證實(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)certify“證明，保證”；D選項(xiàng)allege“宣稱，斷言”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)可以和against搭配，testifyagainstsb作不利于某人的證明。句意：沒人指望他會(huì)指證他的前雇主。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

WhenIwasstillanarchitecturestudent,ateachertoldme,"Welearnmorefrombuildingsthatfalldownthanfrombuildingsthatstandup."Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory.Althoughstructuraldesignfollowsestablishedformulas,theactualperformanceofabuildingiscomplicatedbythepassageoftime,thebehaviorofusers,thenaturalelementsandunnaturalevents.Allaredifficulttosimulate.Buildings,unlikecars,can'tbecrash-tested.

ThefirstimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisthattallbuildingscanwithstandtheimpactofalargejetliner.Thetwintowersweresupportedby59perimetercolumnsoneachside.Althoughabout30ofthesecolumns,extendingfromfourtosixfloors,weredestroyedineachbuildingbytheimpact,initiallybothtowersremainedstanding.Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives.

Iwasonceaskedhowtallbuildingsshouldbedesignedgivenwhatwe'dlearnedfromtheworldTradeCentercollapse.Myanswerwas,"Lower,"Thequestionofwhenatallbuildingbecomesunsafeiseasytoanswer.Commonaerialfire-fightingladdersinusetodayare100feethighandcanreachtoaboutthe10thfloor,sofiresinbuildingsupto10storieshighcanbefoughtfromtheexterior.Fightingfiresandevacuatingoccupantsabovethatheightdependonfirestairs.

Thetallerthebuilding,thelongeritwilltakeforfirefighterstoclimbtothesceneofthefire.Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis"Lowerthan10stories."

Thenwhydon'tcitiesimposelowerheightlimits?A60-storyofficebuildingdoesnothavesixtimesasmuchrentablespaceasa10-storybuilding.However,allthingsbeingequal,suchabuildingwillproducefourtimesmorerevenueandfourtimesmoreinpropertytaxes.Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets.

ThemostimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisnotthatweshouldstopbuildingtallbuildingsbutthatwehavemisjudgedtheircost.Wedidthesamethingwhenweunderestimatedthecostofhurtlingalongahighwayinasteelboxat70milesperhour.Ittookmanyyearsbeforeseatbelts,airbags,radialtires,andantilockbrakesbecamecommonplace.Atfirst,carssimplyweretooslowtowarrantconcern.Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedowillingly.

1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat（）.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheWTCcollapse?

3.Ideally,thepolicyincityconstructionshouldbe（）.

4.Whyaretherestillhighbuildings,orevenskyscrapersinmanycities?

5.WhatisthemostimportantlessonoftheWTCcollapse?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.architectureissomethingmoreoutofexperiencethanoutoftheory

B.architecturedependsjustasmuchonexperienceasontheory

C.itissaferforpeopletoliveinoldbuildings

D.welearnnotsomuchfromourfailureasfromoursuccess

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Despitethetwostrongbuildings,thedeathtollwasstillveryshocking.

B.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasofthefirstclass.

C.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasnotsostrongaspeoplehadexpected

D.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasstrongenoughtowithstandanyaccidents.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lowerthantenstories

B.thelower,thebetter

C.thehigher,thebetter

D.higherthantenstories

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheyarethesymbolofmoderntimes.

B.Becausemanycitiesnowlackbuildingspace.

C.Becausetheyareanimportantfinancialsourceofacity'sbudget.

D.Becausetheyrepresentthelevelofacountry'sscienceandtechnology.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Weshouldwearseatbeltswhiledriving.

B.Weshouldbuildlowbuildingsjustasweshoulddriveslowly.

C.Weshouldmaketallbuildingsillegal.

D.Weshouldpayforsafetywhileconstructingtallbuildings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。第一段第二句指出:Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory(他的意思是建筑物既是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，也是理論的結(jié)果)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“建筑不僅依賴于理論，也依賴于經(jīng)驗(yàn)”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞WTCcollapse定位至第二段:Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives(即使（兩座建筑物沒有倒塌），付出的傷亡代價(jià)卻是驚人的——2235人失去了生命)。由此推斷A項(xiàng)“盡管兩座建筑物很牢固，但付出的傷亡代價(jià)卻是驚人的”正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis“Lowerthan10stories.”(所以安全問題的簡(jiǎn)單答案是“低于10層樓”)。因此A選項(xiàng)“低于十層”正確。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段指出:Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets(因此削減樓層高度等于削減城市預(yù)算)。因此在許多城市里還有高樓大廈，甚至摩天大樓是因?yàn)椤八鼈兪浅鞘蓄A(yù)算的重要財(cái)政來源”。答案為C。

第5題:判斷推理題。最后一段提到從世貿(mào)中心倒塌事件得到的一個(gè)重要經(jīng)驗(yàn):Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedo–willingly(之后，廠商拒絕使用這些昂貴的設(shè)施，認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者不會(huì)為安全買單。但是現(xiàn)在我們的確愿意了)。因此D項(xiàng)“在建造高層建筑時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該為安全問題買單”正確。

8.單選題

Heistheauthorofthisnovelwithhigh（）inthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coherence

B.prestige

C.consequence

D.commitment

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他是這本小說的作者，在這個(gè)國(guó)家有很高的（）。coherence統(tǒng)一，連貫性；prestige聲望，名望；consequence結(jié)果，推論，重要性；commitment承諾，委托。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetoaddaword,crossoutaword,orchangeaword.PutyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10%)

e.g.1.Themeetingbegun2hoursago.

CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:begun—began

e.g.2.Scarcelytheysettledthemselvesintheirseatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainswentup.

CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:(Scarcely)had(they)

e.g.3.NeverwillInotdoitagain.

CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:not×

36Manyartiststodayareinthatiscalledappliedart.37Theyusetheirabilityinadvertise,interiordecoration,orsomesimilarjob.38Butpeopleinbusinesswhichhiretheartistsforthatkindofworksaythatsimpleartisticabilityisnotenough.Therearelotsofyoungpeoplewhohavethat.39Butnotenoughofusknowanythingaboutphysics,ormechanicalthings,ormath.40Tobeadruggistyouhavetostudyaboutchemistry.Youcan’tlearnchemistrywithoutknowingsomethingaboutalgebra.Howaboutanurse?41Oneoftherequiredsubjectsinacourseofnursingisknowntomateriamedica.42Inmateriamedicayou’lllearntofiguredosesandpreparemedicines.Algebraisimportantindoingthefiguring.Toomanystudentnursesflunkoutofthecoursebecausetheirmathisweak.It’sthesamewithmanytrades.43Ifyouwanttobeadraftsman,amachinist,amolder,andapatternmaker,you’llneedalgebraandgeometryandeventrigonometry.44Asifyouwanttogointobusinessforyourself,you’llneedmath.45Businesstoday,whetherit’srunningalittlegasstationorabigfactory,takegoodmanagement.Goodmanagementtakesmathematics.

【答案】36.that—what

37.advertise—advertising

38.which—who

39.us—them

40.about×

41.to—as

42.figure—figureout

43.and—or

44.as—even

45.take—takes

【解析】36.分析句子成分，主語是artists，系動(dòng)詞are，缺少表語，所以這里的in以及后面的從句組成介賓結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作表語，從句是賓語從句，而介詞后面的賓語從句一般用wh-類詞引導(dǎo)，而從句中缺少主語，所以應(yīng)該把that改為what。

37.介詞后面一般接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞，這里的advertise是動(dòng)詞原形，所以應(yīng)該改為advertising。

38.根據(jù)從句中間的關(guān)鍵詞hire可知，從句的主語是人，但是從句缺主語，所以是先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語，這個(gè)從句是用來修飾people而不是business，而which是用來修飾物的，所以應(yīng)該把which改為who。

39.文章前面一直用第三人稱的語氣來寫作，us在文中出現(xiàn)得很突兀讓人不知所云，而根據(jù)前文可以推測(cè)，這里的不知道物理或者機(jī)械類知識(shí)的是前文所說的年輕人，所以應(yīng)該把us換成them。

40.study學(xué)習(xí)某件事時(shí)一般是及物動(dòng)詞不需要借助介詞來加賓語，所以應(yīng)該把a(bǔ)bout去掉。

41.beknownto“為……所了解/知道”，其后接表示人的詞語，而介詞to后面接的是藥物學(xué)，這里要表達(dá)的意思是在一系列的護(hù)理學(xué)科中其中一個(gè)需要學(xué)的科目是藥物學(xué)，這里的詞組應(yīng)該是beknownas“被稱為”，所以需要把介詞to改為as。

42.figure單獨(dú)使用時(shí)是“計(jì)算”，但是作為護(hù)理學(xué)的一類課程很少會(huì)要配藥，這里應(yīng)該是清楚地知道藥品的劑量，所以應(yīng)該在figure后面加介詞out組成固定短語figureout弄清楚。

43.根據(jù)前面的if可知這里是假設(shè)，但是一個(gè)人只有很小的可能又是繪圖員又是機(jī)械師又是模具工又是制模師，這里的四個(gè)職業(yè)應(yīng)該是選擇關(guān)系，所以這句所有的and都要改為or。

44.asif“好像，貌似”，根據(jù)上下文語境，講述的是學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很重要，即使你要自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，你會(huì)需要數(shù)學(xué)，所以應(yīng)該把a(bǔ)s改為even，evenif“即使”。

45.謂語take的主語business是個(gè)抽象名詞，所以謂語動(dòng)詞需要用第三人稱單數(shù)，take應(yīng)該改為takes。

10.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國(guó)以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個(gè)位于首爾東南部的一個(gè)上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說，應(yīng)該是這位韓國(guó)流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動(dòng)；喝著燒酒簽下美國(guó)唱片合約，占據(jù)美國(guó)電視黃金時(shí)段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對(duì)于很多人來說，那個(gè)老問題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時(shí)裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會(huì)找到前衛(wèi)的國(guó)際品牌概念商店，還有本土?xí)r裝大牌。這里的商店都價(jià)格不菲，但要像樸載相所說的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個(gè)代價(jià)。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國(guó)歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過了佛教，但在16世紀(jì)中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導(dǎo)下，奉恩寺作為韓國(guó)主要的禪宗佛教中心開始興旺起來。如果你想獲得一些點(diǎn)化，可以參加一個(gè)為期兩天的住寺活動(dòng)，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動(dòng)，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

11.單選題

Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.greenprettylittle

B.littlegreenpretty

C.prettylittlegreen

D.prettygreenlittle

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的順序問題。出現(xiàn)多個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞，順序是：限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高，形狀年齡和新老；顏色國(guó)籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。按此規(guī)律，pretty屬于限定詞，little是描述大小，green描述顏色，故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：她問他這件漂亮的綠色小連衣裙怎么樣。故正確答案為C。

12.單選題

Theargumentwassimultaneouslyapolicydebateandanextendedexegesisofacrucialphraseina1986federallawthatregulatesthehiringprocedures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exportation

B.expulsion

C.explication

D.expiation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exportation“出口；輸出；出口貨”；B選項(xiàng)expulsion“逐出；開除；除籍”；C選項(xiàng)explication“說明；闡明；展開”；D選項(xiàng)expiation“補(bǔ)償；贖罪；抵罪”。句意：這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論同時(shí)是一場(chǎng)政策辯論，也是對(duì)1986年一項(xiàng)管理招聘程序的聯(lián)邦法律中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵短語的延伸注釋。exegesis“注釋，解釋”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Itisironicthatthe_______insightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthattheyhavebecomemere_______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.original...cliches

B.banal...beliefs

C.dubious...habits

D.philosophical...questions

【答案】A

【解析】original...cliches原始的,獨(dú)創(chuàng)的陳詞濫調(diào);banal...beliefs陳腐的信仰;dubious…h(huán)abits可疑的習(xí)慣;philosophical...questions哲學(xué)的問題。句意：具有諷刺意味的是,偉大思想家的獨(dú)到見解經(jīng)常被人提出,以至于成為陳詞濫調(diào)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法?？崭裉幩诰渥訛橘e語從句，從句的語序應(yīng)為：疑問詞+主語+謂語。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：John問Mary買的電子詞典多少錢。

15.單選題

Asagoodphotographer,youmustdevelopanawarenessoftheworldaroundyouandthepeoplewho（）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.innovate

B.inhabit

C.integrate

D.inherit

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。innovate創(chuàng)新，改革；inhabit居住于，存在于；integrate整合；inherit繼承。人類是居住在世界上的，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Inaperfectlyfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemployer—governmentorprivate—shouldhavelittleornoimpactontheearningsdifferentialsbetweenwomenandmen.However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex,itisunlikelythatthedegreeofdiscriminationbygovernmentandprivateemployerswillbethesame.Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwouldresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeofemployer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.Thus,onewouldexpectthat,ifwomenarebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemploymentwouldhaveapositiveeffectonwomen’searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemployment.TheresultsofastudybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs’sresultssuggestthattheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedentirelyofgovernmentemployerswouldbe14.6percentgreaterthantheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedexclusivelyofprivateemployers,otherthingsbeingequal.

Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.Totestthishypothesis,BrownselectedalargesampleofWhitemaleandfemaleworkersfromthe1970Censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,andself-employed.(Blackworkerswereexcludedfromthesampletoavoidpickingupearningsdifferentialsthatweretheresultofracialdisparities.)Brown’sresearchdesigncontrolledforeducation,labor-forceparticipation,mobility,motivation,andageinordertoeliminatethesefactorsasexplanationsofthestudy’sresults.Brown’sresultssuggestthatmenandwomenarenottreatedthesamebyemployersandconsumers.Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningcategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.OnecaninferfromBrown’sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.

Brown’sresultsareclearlyconsistentwithFuch’sargumentthatdiscriminationbyconsumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeithergovernmentorprivateemployers.Also,thefactthatwomendobetterworkingforgovernmentthanforprivateemployersimpliesthatprivateemployersarediscriminationagainstwomen.Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminationisnothavingasmucheffectonwomen’searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.

26.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmayencounterEXCEPT________.

27.Theauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutdiscriminationagainstwomenbyprivateemployersandbygovernmentemployers?

28.Astudyofthepracticesoffinancialinstitutionsthatrevealednodiscriminationagainstself-employedwomenwouldtendtocontradictwhichofthefollowing?

29.AccordingtoBrown’sstudy,women’searningscategoriesoccurinwhichofthefollowingorders,fromhighestearningstolowestearnings?

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestdescribesthecontentofthepassageasawhole?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discriminationfromsuppliers

B.discriminationfromconsumers

C.problemsinobtaininggoodemployees

D.problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,withequaleffectsonwomen’searnings.

B.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbyprivateemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

C.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbygovernmentemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

D.Privateemployersdiscriminate;governmentemployersdonotdiscriminate.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.SometentativeresultsofFuchs’sstudy.

B.SomeexplicitresultsofBrown’sstudy.

C.Asuggestionmadebytheauthor.

D.Fuchs’shypothesis.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Self-employment,privateemployment,governmentemployment.

B.Governmentemployment,self-employment,privateemployment.

C.Privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemployment.

D.Governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employment.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TherelativeEffectofDiscriminationbyGovernmentEmployers,PrivateEmployers,andConsumersonWomen’sEarnings

B.HowDiscriminationAffectsWomen’sChoiceofTypeofEmployment

C.TherelativeEffectofPrivateEmployerDiscriminationonMen’sEarningsasComparedtoWomen’sEarnings

D.TheNecessityforEarningsDifferentialsinaFreeMarketEconomy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一二句OnecaninferfromBrown’sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.（人們可以從布朗的研究結(jié)果中推斷出，消費(fèi)者歧視自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的女性。此外，個(gè)體戶女性可能比男子更難獲得好雇員，并可能遇到供應(yīng)商和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視。），可知個(gè)體戶女性會(huì)受到來自消費(fèi)者和供應(yīng)商的歧視，也不容易雇到好員工，所以A選項(xiàng)“供應(yīng)商的歧視”，B選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者的歧視”和C選項(xiàng)“在獲得好員工方面存在的問題”錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“在獲得政府援助方面的問題”：文章沒有提到政府在援助方面對(duì)女性的歧視，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)一二句Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminationisnothavingasmucheffectonwomen’searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.（這些結(jié)果并不能證明政府不歧視婦女。但是，它們確實(shí)表明，如果政府歧視婦女，這種歧視對(duì)婦女收入的影響并不像在私營(yíng)部門的歧視那樣大。）可知B選項(xiàng)“私人雇主和政府雇主都有歧視，但是私人雇主的歧視對(duì)女性的收入有更大的影響?！闭_。所以A選項(xiàng)“私人雇主和政府雇主都有歧視，對(duì)婦女的收入有同樣的影響?！保珻選項(xiàng)“私人雇主和政府雇主都有歧視，但是政府雇主的歧視對(duì)女性的收入有更大的影響?！焙虳選項(xiàng)“私人雇主歧視；政府雇主不歧視”錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句self-employedwomen…mayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions（個(gè)體戶女性……可能遇到供應(yīng)商和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視），這是作者的觀點(diǎn)，所以C選項(xiàng)“作者的意見”正確。A選項(xiàng)“富克斯研究的假設(shè)結(jié)果”：根據(jù)第二段第二句Totestthishypothesis,Brown…anddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,andself-employed.（為了驗(yàn)證這一假設(shè)，布朗……并將他們分為三類：私營(yíng)企業(yè)雇員、政府雇員和個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)者。），這里沒有提到研究結(jié)果，也與金融機(jī)構(gòu)無關(guān)，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“布朗研究的一些明確結(jié)果”：OnecaninferfromBrown’sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.（人們可以從布朗的研究結(jié)果中推斷出，消費(fèi)者歧視自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的女性。），可知布朗的研究結(jié)果不表明金融機(jī)構(gòu)歧視女性，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“?？怂沟募僭O(shè)”：根據(jù)第二段第一句bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.（福克斯和桑伯恩都提出，消費(fèi)者歧視對(duì)個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)婦女收入的影響可能大于政府或私人雇主歧視對(duì)女性雇員收入的影響。），可知?？怂沟募僭O(shè)和金融機(jī)構(gòu)無關(guān)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

29.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningcategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.（對(duì)男性來說，自營(yíng)職業(yè)收入最高，其次是私人職業(yè)，政府工作收入最低。），可知D選項(xiàng)“政府就業(yè)、私人就業(yè)、個(gè)體就業(yè)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，私人就業(yè)，政府就業(yè)”，B選項(xiàng)“政府就業(yè)、個(gè)體就業(yè)、私人就業(yè)”和C選項(xiàng)“私人就業(yè)、個(gè)體就業(yè)、政府就業(yè)”錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwouldresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeofemployer.（歧視程度的差異會(huì)導(dǎo)致與雇主類型有關(guān)的收入差異。），后文對(duì)此展開具體的闡述，所以A選項(xiàng)“政府雇主、私人雇主和消費(fèi)者的歧視對(duì)婦女收入的相對(duì)影響”正確。B選項(xiàng)“歧視如何影響婦女選擇就業(yè)類型”：文中沒有提到歧視和選擇就業(yè)的直接聯(lián)系，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“與女性收入相比，私人雇主歧視對(duì)男性收入的相對(duì)影響”：文章沒有提到對(duì)男性的歧視。D選項(xiàng)“自由市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)中收入差異的必要性”：文章沒有說到收入差距的必要性，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（

）

sightonTV.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。panic“恐慌的”；patriotic“愛國(guó)的”；pathetic“可憐的”；periodic“周期的”。句意：發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的交通事故；當(dāng)人們從電視上看到這個(gè)可憐的場(chǎng)面的時(shí)候都非常傷心。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Ethnographyisthestudyofaparticularhumansocietyortheprocessofmakingsuchastudy.Contemporaryethnographyisbasedalmostentirelyonfieldworkandrequiresthecompleteimmersionoftheanthropologistinthecultureandeverydaylifeofthepeoplewhoarethesubjectofhisstudy.Ethnography,byvirtueofitsintersubjectivenature,isnecessarilycomparative.Giventhattheanthropologistinthefieldnecessarilyretainscertainculturalbiases,hisobservationsanddescriptionsmust,toacertaindegree,becomparative.Thustheformulatingofgeneralizationsaboutcultureandthedrawingofcomparisonsinevitablybecomecomponentsofethnography.

Modernanthropologistsusuallyidentifytheestablishmentofethnographyasaprofessionalfieldwiththepioneeringworkofbothth