考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天府新區(qū)信息職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天府新區(qū)信息職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Inthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew（）fromHemingway’snovelAFarewelltoArms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B選項(xiàng)essay表示“散文；隨筆；短文”，C選項(xiàng)fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文藝作品等）未完成的部分”，D選項(xiàng)extract表示“摘錄，引文”。根據(jù)后文關(guān)鍵詞fromHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms可知，老師要求學(xué)生讀的是海明威小說(shuō)《永別了武器》中的摘錄，因此，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

Inmostcasespoliticiansare______astheyseldomtellthetruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.credulous

C.incredulous

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)credible“可靠的，可信的”，B項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的，因輕信而產(chǎn)生的”，C項(xiàng)incredulous“不肯相信的，表示懷疑的”，D項(xiàng)incredible“不可能相信的，很難相信的”。由主語(yǔ)politicians（政客）和關(guān)鍵信息astheyseldomtellthetruth（因?yàn)樗麄兒苌僦v真話）可知，politiciansare______表示的是“政客都是不能相信的”，D項(xiàng)符合。句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，政客們都是難以令人相信的，因?yàn)樗麄兒苌僦v真話。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

ItsuddenlyoccurredtoAnnethatmoneycouldn't（）allthatBobhadsufferedinthepastfiveyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.liveupto

B.makeout

C.livethrough

D.makeupfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。liveupto“踐行”；makeout“理解，辨認(rèn)出”；livethrough“度過(guò)，經(jīng)受過(guò)”；makeupfor“彌補(bǔ)”。句意：Anne突然明白金錢(qián)不能彌補(bǔ)Bob在過(guò)去五年里的遭遇。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Aswemoveintothe21stcenturytheconceptofreadingwasrecognizedbymostasinvolvingamuchmorecomplexsetofskillsthanhadbeenunderstoodinthepast.Today'sculturerequiresreaderstobeablenotonlytoreadforpleasureandinformationbuttoaskquestionsofthetext,torecognizehowthewritertriestopositionthereader,andtobecomewhatiscalleda“critical”reader.

ThesimpleVenndiagramthathadbeenusedtodepictthelanguagecueingsystemsintheageofmakingmeaning(Figurebelow)hasevolvedtoamorecomplexdiagramthatincludestheimpactofcultureandcontextonareaderaswellastherolesthatthereadermusttakeoninordertobeeffective.

Readingandtheteachingofreadinghavebecomemorecomplexandreachoutacrossawiderandwideraudience,sothatwenowacceptthatwearelifelonglearnersofreading—or,tobemoreprecise,ofliteracy.Weacceptthatwewilllearnnewskillsinnewcontexts.ItisaK-adultcurriculumnow.

However,itisanagewhenpoliticsandpoliticianshavetakencontroloftheliteracyagenda.Thisisnotsurprising,asthosewhodon'thavehighlevelsofliteracyaremorelikelytoendup’onsomesortofsocialsupportandthusareviewedasa“burden”tosociety.So,inordertosavemoneyinthelong-term,”itseemspoliticianshaveagreedthatliteracybeginsintheearlyyears.Andtheyarefinallypreparedtosupportthisconcept.

1.Accordingtothepassage,acriticalreadershouldbeableto（

）.

2.Fromthecontextofthepassagewecaninferthepossiblemeaningof“K-adultcurriculum(Paragraph3)”as

（

）.

3.Inthediagramwecaninferthatthefeaturesoftextanalystpracticesmainlyinvolves（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appreciateandinterpretthereadingsholisticallyinvariousdimensionsandapproaches

B.evaluatethepassagewithculturalbackgroundandcontext

C.readandapprehendtheinformationofthepassageswithvariousandcomprehensivetechniquesofreading

D.deductthethemeofpassagewithneutralandcriticalview

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.acurriculumofreadingcoursewithcomprehensiveskillsforadultlearners

B.acourseplanwithcombinationskillsofbothcultureandcontextinterpretationinreading

C.alifelongreadingteachingschedulefromchildhood(Kindergarten)toadulthood

D.areadingcourseplanwithvariousknowledgeforadultreader

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.clearseparationfromcodebreakerpracticesbutcloserelationwithtextuserpractices

B.thegraphophonic,semanticandsyntacticcuesandrelatedtothetextuserpracticesandotherreadingpracticesatfoundationportions

C.thestudyofsemanticandsyntacticcharactersbutlessofgraphicandphoneticelementsaboutthepassages

D.mainlysyntacticcueswhichseemsnottoberelatedtocodebreakerpractices

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段：“Today'sculturerequiresreaderstobeablenotonlytoreadforpleasureandinformationbuttoaskquestionsofthetext,torecognizehowthewritertriestopositionthereader,andtobecomewhatiscalleda“critical”reader.今天的文化要求讀者不僅能夠閱讀快樂(lè)和信息，而且能夠?qū)ξ谋咎岢鰡?wèn)題，認(rèn)識(shí)到作者試圖給讀者定位的方式，并成為所謂的“批判性”讀者?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“運(yùn)用多種多樣的綜合閱讀技巧，閱讀和理解文章中的信息”正確，A項(xiàng)“從不同的角度和方法全面理解閱讀材料”；B項(xiàng)“用文化背景和語(yǔ)境來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)文章；C項(xiàng)“運(yùn)用多種多樣的綜合閱讀技巧，閱讀和理解文章中的信息”；D項(xiàng)“以中立和批判的觀點(diǎn)演繹文章的主題”。

2.判斷推理題。定位到第三段:wenowacceptthatwearelifelonglearnersofreading—or,tobemoreprecise,ofliteracy…我們現(xiàn)在承認(rèn)，我們是閱讀的終生學(xué)習(xí)者，或者更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是讀寫(xiě)能力的終生學(xué)習(xí)者?？芍狢項(xiàng)“從兒童(幼兒園)到成人的終身閱讀教學(xué)計(jì)劃”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段“ThesimpleVenndiagramthathadbeenusedtodepictthelanguagecueingsystemsintheageofmakingmeaning(Figurebelow)hasevolvedtoamorecomplexdiagramthatincludestheimpactofcultureandcontextonareaderaswellastherolesthatthereadermusttakeoninordertobeeffective.簡(jiǎn)單的維恩圖被用來(lái)描述語(yǔ)言提示系統(tǒng)（下圖）制造時(shí)代的含義已經(jīng)進(jìn)化到更復(fù)雜的圖,包括文化和語(yǔ)境的影響讀者以及讀者的角色必須是有效的。”可知B項(xiàng)“在基礎(chǔ)部分，與文本用戶實(shí)踐和其他閱讀實(shí)踐相關(guān)的書(shū)面、語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)法線索”正確。

5.單選題

"Toberootedisperhapsthemostimportantandleastrecognizedneedofthehumansoul."SimoneWeilarguedinthemid-twentiethcentury.Evenourvirtualplaygroundspayhomagetothedeeplyfeltneedforplace:MySpacewas,untilrecently,called“aplaceforfriends";SecondLifemimicsreal-lifeplaceswithitshomes,offices,andrestaurants.Whatisdifferentaboutmobileplaygroundsisthatmobiledevicesforcereallifeandvirtuallife(andrealplacesandvirtualplaces)totrytocoexistinawaytheyneverhavebefore.

Wewanttoseethisasagood,enablingthing—Icanfireoffthate-mailtotheofficeandthengetbacktorelaxingonmyvacation!—butitisinstructivetogotoaplaygroundtoday:evenonaweekend,youwillseeparentsengrossedintheiriPhonesandBlackBerryswhiletheirchildrenmakeincreasinglyloudbidsfortheirattention.TheNovember2,2009coverofTheNewYorkersadlyandbeautifullysatirizedthistrend:itshowsanillustrationofchildrenouttrick-or-treating,baskedintheglowofhouselights,whiletheirparentsbaskintheglowofthesmart-phoneinwhichtheyarerapt.Evenourleisuretime,itseems,hasbeencolonizedbyourneedtostayconnectedanditisaconstantstruggletosetlimitsonourengagementwiththevirtualworldsothatwecanattendtotherealoneinfrontofus.

Andwhenwedecidetoleavehomeentirely,wefinditdifficulttoleavethedemandsofworkbehind.Considerthecruiseshipindustry:everyyear,morethanthreemillionpeopleboardaCarnivalCruiseshiptotakeavacation.Theyspendagreatdealoftimeeatingandgambling,andtheneatingsomemore.Theperpetualbuffetsthathavelongbeenastapleofthecruiseshiplifestylecatertoonekindofhunger;Carnivalnowcaterstoanotheronethatseemscounterintuitiveinvacationerseagertogetawayfromitall:stayingconnected.Withtheirtwenty-four-hourInternetcafes,onboardWiFi,andanadvertisingcampaignthatfeaturesbikini-cladpatronsloungingondeckchairswithlaptopcomputers,CarnivalCruiseLineshasenthusiasticallyrespondedtothedemandsofpatronswhoseekanidealofmaritimeescapebutstillwanttochecktheire-mailseveraltimesaday.

This,too,isthestrangenewworldofleisure:neverdisconnected,andneverreallyfreefromthedemandsofdailylife.Notwithstandingallthetalkofmobility,wefindourselvestetheredinnovelways—nottoahometown,ortoaparticularsocialbackground,buttoourdevicesthemselvesandthefeelingofconnectiontheyprovide,whichweseeminglycannotsitstillwithout.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatcanwelearnaboutMySpaceandSecondLife?

2.Whensayingitisinstructivetogotoaplaygroundtoday,theauthormeansthat（

）.

3.ThefollowingstatementsareTRUEexcept

（

）.

4.Theword"tethered"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thispassageisintendedto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfunctionasreallifevenuesforentertainment.

B.Theydeservecreditforreflectingthehumansoul.

C.Asvirtualplaygrounds,theyresemblerealityintermsofplace.

D.Throughmobiledevices,theyrepresentengagementwithsociety.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.smartphonesaretheculpritforthepoorrelationsbetweenparentsandchildren

B.responsibleparentsaresupposedtoengagetheirchildrenwithoutdooractivities

C.playgroundsaretheplacesforparentsandchildrentospendtimetogether

D.people'sindulgenceinstayingconnectedcanbewitnessedthere

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplevacationingonCarnivalCruiseshipshaveaccesstotheInternettoday

B.eatingandgamblingaretheexclusivethingspeoplecanenjoyoncruiseships

C.CarnivalCruiseLinescatertovacationers'demandstostayincontactwithothers

D.people'sdesiretoremainconnectedmakesitdifficultforthemtoescapefromwork

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.confined

B.disconnected

C.immune

D.indifferent

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.analyzethevariousreasonsforhumanstosettledown

B.advocatethenecessityofvirtualconnectioninleisuretime

C.enumeratetheenormousbenefitsofmobiledevicesforworkandlife

D.highlightthetransformationofmobilitythroughubiquitousconnection

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中Evenourvirtualplaygroundspayhomagetothedeeplyfeltneedforplace:MySpacewas,untilrecently,called“aplaceforfriends”;SecondLifemimicsreal-lifeplaceswithitshomes,offices,andrestaurants.（即使是我們的虛擬游戲場(chǎng)地，也會(huì)對(duì)對(duì)位置的深刻需求表示敬意：MySpace直到最近才被稱(chēng)為“朋友的地方”；SecondLife模仿現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的地方，有它自己的家、辦公室和餐館）可知選C。

第2題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段Evenourleisuretime,itseems,hasbeencolonizedbyourneedtostayconnectedanditisaconstantstruggletosetlimitsonourengagementwiththevirtualworldsothatwecanattendtotherealoneinfrontofus.（就連我們的閑暇時(shí)間，似乎也被我們保持聯(lián)系的需要所占據(jù)，這是一個(gè)不斷的斗爭(zhēng)，以限制我們與虛擬世界的接觸，以便我們能夠處理我們面前的真實(shí)世界）可推測(cè)作者認(rèn)為人們太沉溺于虛擬世界，而忽略現(xiàn)實(shí)世界，因此提出如今去操場(chǎng)是很有教育意義的，故選D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中Theyspendagreatdealoftimeeatingandgambling,andtheneatingsomemore.Theperpetualbuffetsthathavelongbeenastapleofthecruiseshiplifestylecatertoonekindofhunger;Carnivalnowcaterstoanotheronethatseemscounterintuitiveinvacationerseagertogetawayfromitall:stayingconnected.可知B選項(xiàng)是人們過(guò)去在游輪上的主要消遣方式，不再適合如今的需求。

第4題:詞義題。confine意為“限制”；disconnect意為“切斷”；immune意為“免疫的”；indifferent意為“漠不關(guān)心的”。由wefindourselvestetheredinnovelways（我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被新的方式束縛住了）可知選A。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了移動(dòng)設(shè)備讓人們時(shí)刻保持聯(lián)系以及對(duì)生活的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)處不在的聯(lián)系帶來(lái)的影響，因此選D。

6.單選題

Thesoftwareanalysesvoicepatterns,anddetects______changeswhichcanpointtothesuspect’slying.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gentle

B.feeble

C.subtle

D.humble

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)gentle“溫和的”，B項(xiàng)feeble“微弱的，虛弱的”，C項(xiàng)subtle“微妙的，精細(xì)的”，D項(xiàng)humble“謙虛的，簡(jiǎn)陋的”。前半部分的句子意思是“該軟件分析語(yǔ)音模式，并檢測(cè)變化”，可知空格部分應(yīng)該表示“細(xì)微的變化”；故C項(xiàng)符合句意。句意：該軟件可以分析語(yǔ)音模式，并檢測(cè)出細(xì)微的變化，從而指出嫌疑人在撒謊。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

決策過(guò)程對(duì)管理結(jié)盟的需要是基于兩個(gè)方面的原因。首先，組織的目標(biāo)往往模糊不清，而部門(mén)間的運(yùn)營(yíng)目標(biāo)則缺乏一致性。在目標(biāo)模糊又缺乏一致性的情況下，管理者對(duì)問(wèn)題的優(yōu)先順序便無(wú)法統(tǒng)一。他們必須就問(wèn)題討價(jià)還價(jià)，并圍繞著應(yīng)該解決的問(wèn)題建立起結(jié)盟。

結(jié)盟的第二個(gè)原因是盡管管理者個(gè)人傾向于理性，但卻受到人類(lèi)認(rèn)知的局限和其他局限性的制約。管理者們沒(méi)有時(shí)間、資源或心智能力去識(shí)別與某一項(xiàng)決策相關(guān)的所有維度，并處理所有的信息。這些局限性便導(dǎo)致了結(jié)盟行為。管理者們通過(guò)相互交談、交流看法來(lái)收集信息，減少模糊性。擁有相關(guān)信息或?qū)δ稠?xiàng)決策的結(jié)果有相關(guān)利益的人們會(huì)被征求意見(jiàn)。建立結(jié)盟會(huì)使一項(xiàng)決策得到各相關(guān)利益方的支持。

【答案】Thereasonforalliancemanagementtobeneededbythedecision-makingprocessisbasedontwoaspects.First,thegoalsofanorganizationareoftenvagueandoperationgoalsbetweendepartmentlackconsistency.Inthecaseofvaguegoalsandlackofconsistency,managerscouldnotunifytheorderofprecedenceofproblems.Theyhavetobargainwitheachotherandestablishalliancearoundtheproblemswhichshouldberesolved.

Thesecondreasonforforminganallianceisthatindividualmanagersaresubjecttotherestrictionofhumancognitionandotherlimitationsinspiteofindividualtendencytowardrationality.Managersdon’thavethetime,resources,ormentalabilitytoidentifyalldimensionsassociatedwithadecision,anddealwithalltheinformation.Thustheselimitationsleadtothealliance.Throughtalkingtoeachother,exchangingideaswithoneanother,managersgatherinformationandreduceambiguity.Thepeoplewhohaverelevantinformationorhaveastakeintheoutcomesofcertaindecisionwillbeconsultedforadvice.Toestablishanalliancescanmakeadecisiontobesupportedbyallstakeholders.

8.單選題

ThespeakerannouncedthatthePresidentwouldconvenehistopaidesfortheregularmeetingbuthedidn't（）thetimeandplace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.designate

B.denote

C.manifest

D.specify

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:designate“指定”；B:donate“捐贈(zèng)”；C:manifest“證明，顯示”；D:;specify“詳細(xì)說(shuō)明”。句意：發(fā)言人聲稱(chēng)總統(tǒng)將召集他的高級(jí)副官舉行定期會(huì)議，但是他并沒(méi)有詳細(xì)說(shuō)明時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。結(jié)合句意可知D為正確答案。

9.單選題

Only5minutesafterittookoff,theaircraftdownto（

）earthforthedamagedengine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuated

B.vibrated

C.plummeted

D.mutated

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)，動(dòng)搖”；B選項(xiàng)vibrate“振動(dòng)；顫動(dòng)；搖擺”；C選項(xiàng)plummet“墜落，掉下”；D選項(xiàng)mutate“突變”。填入動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式做謂語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)是theaircraft，由關(guān)鍵信息thedamagedengine“損壞的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”可知plummet“墜落，掉下”符合題意，句意為：因?yàn)榘l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)損壞，飛機(jī)起飛后5分鐘就降落到地面上。故答案選C。

10.單選題

Oneofthepleasantestthingsintheworldisgoingonajourney:butIliketodoitmyselfcanenjoysocietyinaroom,butoutofdoors,natureiscompanyforme.Iamthenneverlessalonethanwhenalone.Icannotseethewitofwalkingandtalkingatthesametime.WhenIaminthecountry,Iwishtovegetatelikethecountry.Ilikesolitude,whenIgivemyselfuptoit,forthesakeofsolitude;nordoIaskfor"afriendinmyretreat,whomImaywhispersweet.""Givemetheclearblueskyovermyhead,andthegreenturfbeneathmyfeet,awindingroadbeforeme,andathreehours’marchtodinnerandIbegintofeel,think,andbemyselfagain.Insteadofanawkwardsilence,brokenbyattemptsatwitordullcommonplaces,mineisthatundisturbedsilenceoftheheartwhichaloneisperfecteloquence.

Othershavedifferentopinions."Letmehaveacompanionofmyself:saysthenovelistLawrenceSterne,"wereitbuttoremarkhowtheshadowslengthenasthesundeclines"Itisbeautifullysaid:butinmyopinion,thiscontinualcomparingofnotesinterfereswiththeinvoluntaryimpressionofthingsuponthemindanddilutestheexperience.Ifyouhavetoexplainwhatyoufeel,itismakingatoolofapleasure.Youcannotreadthebookofnaturewithoutbeingperpetuallyputtothetroubleoftranslatingitforthebenefitofothers.

Thereisonesubjectonwhichitispleasanttotalkonajourney.Igrant,andthatis.Whatoneshallhaveforsupperwhenwegettoourinnatnight.Everymileoftheroadheightenstheflavorofthemealweexpectattheendofit.Howfineisittoentersomeoldtown,walledandturreted,justatapproachofnightfall,ortocometosomestragglingvillage,withthelightssteamingthroughthesurroundinggloom;andthenafterinquiringforthebestentertainmentthattheplaceaffords,"totakeone'seaseatone’sinn!""Theseeventfulmomentsinourliveshistoryaretooprecious,toofoilofsolid,heart-felthappinesstobefritteredanddribbledawayinsolitude.

1.Theauthorofthepassagewouldagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttravelingalone?

2.Thestatementinlines2-3(Iam...alone)isanexampleof（

）.

3.Stemementions"theshadows(line11)asanexampleofa

（

）.

4.Inthelastparagraphofthispassage,theauthordoeswhichofthefollowing?

5.Thephysicaldescriptionofthe“town"(line18)and’’village”(line19)primarilyconveyasenseof（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itsenjoymentislargelyamatterofpersonalinclination

B.Itsdifficultiesareeasilyunderestimatedbyinexperiencedtraveler.

C.Itenablesonetomakemuchbettertimethanwhentravelingwithacompanion

D.Itisnotasmuchfunastravelingwithanotherperson

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.anapology

B.ametaphor

C.aparadox

D.aeuphemism

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.specializedinsightthatonlyaseasonedtravelercanbringtobearonasituation

B.observationthattravelersmightenjoysharingnonetheless

C.thoughtlesscommentthattravelersareapttomaketotheirguides

D.beautifulsightthatcannotbecommunicatedaccuratelytothosewhodonottravelfrequently

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.admitstoasuddenchangeofheart

B.notesanexceptiontoapreviouslystatedpreference

C.expressesregretaboutanoverlysweepinggeneralization

D.pointsoutacommonmisconception

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.forebodingisolation

B.ruralpoverty

C.eccentriccustom

D.provincialcharm

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段提到作者喜歡一個(gè)人住，就算到了戶外，自然這個(gè)伴侶對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)也已經(jīng)足夠（butoutofdoors,natureiscompanyforme），文章第二段第一句提到其他人有不同觀點(diǎn)（Othershavedifferentopinions）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第一段第二句話Iamthenneverlessalonethanwhenalone提到那時(shí)候我雖然身體上是孤獨(dú)的，但是我從不覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)。選項(xiàng)C“似是而非的雋語(yǔ)”，表示貌似矛盾，實(shí)際上蘊(yùn)含了人生哲理，符合題意。

3.文章第二段第二句話"Letmehaveacompanionofmyself:saysthenovelistLawrenceSterne,"wereitbuttoremarkhowtheshadowslengthenasthesundeclines"提到斯特恩曾講過(guò)“哪怕那個(gè)陪伴我的人只講一些太陽(yáng)落山，影子變斜之類(lèi)的話都可以”。但是在作者看來(lái)，這種做法會(huì)破壞一個(gè)人對(duì)自然的感受，影響心緒。因此，作者提到“陰影”這個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明伴侶之間的行處話題，選項(xiàng)B“旅行者仍然可能喜歡分享”符合題意。

4.作者在前文中提到喜歡旅行獨(dú)處，因?yàn)椴粩嘟粨Q意見(jiàn)會(huì)擾亂心神，但是最后一段中提到旅途中有一個(gè)話題是很愉快的，那就是就餐問(wèn)題（Thereisonesubjectonwhichitispleasanttotalkonajourney.Igrant,andthatis.Whatoneshallhaveforsupperwhenwegettoourinnatnight），這就是上文中獨(dú)處不語(yǔ)的例外。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到能夠進(jìn)入到一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)是一件令人愉快的事，可以領(lǐng)略到不同的風(fēng)土人情（Howfineisittoentersomeoldtown,walledandturreted,justatapproachofnightfall,ortocometosomestragglingvillage,withthelightssteamingthroughthesurroundinggloom;andthenafterinquiringforthebestentertainmentthattheplaceaffords）?？芍℃?zhèn)跟村莊的描繪傳達(dá)的是鄉(xiāng)土魅力，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Thesuspectgavea（

）explanationforhispresenceatthescene,sothepolicedecidedtolookelsewherefortheperpetratorofthecrime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbelievable

B.credible

C.insufficient

D.apologetic

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。unbelievable“不可信的，站不住腳的”；credible“可信的，可靠的”；insufficient“不充分的，不足的”；apologetic“道歉的，辯解的”；根據(jù)句意‘由于嫌疑人為自己在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的出現(xiàn)做出了（

）解釋?zhuān)跃鞗Q定轉(zhuǎn)向其它地方搜尋該犯罪的作案者?！_定B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theresearchinareasofhuman______andexplorationsuggeststhatthesecharacteristicsarisefrombothintrinsicmotivationsordrivestogaininformationandextrinsicexplorativebehavior.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orderliness

B.curiosity

C.innocence

D.shyness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)orderliness“整潔，整齊；秩序井然”；B選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇，好奇心；珍品，古董，古玩”；C選項(xiàng)innocence“清白，無(wú)罪；天真無(wú)邪”；D選項(xiàng)shyness“羞怯”。句意：人類(lèi)______和探索領(lǐng)域的研究表明，這些特征來(lái)自于獲取信息的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)或驅(qū)動(dòng)，以及外在的探索行為。橫線處與后面的“探索領(lǐng)域”是并列主語(yǔ)，與獲取信息和探索對(duì)應(yīng)度最高的是好奇心，B選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇，好奇心”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pertinent

B.appropriate

C.acute

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)pertinent“相關(guān)的，相干的”，B項(xiàng)appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)模‘?dāng)?shù)摹?，C項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的，急性的”，D項(xiàng)persistent“固執(zhí)的，堅(jiān)持的”。根據(jù)句子意思“對(duì)許多病人來(lái)說(shuō)，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是……和最有益的護(hù)理形式”可知，空格處填入B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：對(duì)許多病人來(lái)說(shuō)，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是最合適和最有益的護(hù)理形式。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Apersonwhois_______typicallyhasanxiousthoughtsanddifficultyconcentrationorremembering.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stressed

B.exploited

C.prevented

D.conquered

【答案】A

【解析】stressed緊張的,有壓力的;exploited利用,剝削;prevented阻止,避免;conquered戰(zhàn)勝,征服。句意：壓力大的人通常有焦慮的想法,難以集中注意力或記憶。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

15.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPICWhatmarksthematurity(成熟)ofaperson?Givereasonsoruseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.

【答案】【參考范文】

Whenweareyoung,wehavequiteaselfishattitudetowardslife.Ourpriorityistoseekpersonalhappiness.Weprefertoavoidactivitieswedonotenjoy.Asaresult,ourelderssuchasparentsorteachersfrequentlyresorttorewardsorpunitivemeasurestoforceustoassumeresponsibilitieswewouldratheravoid.

However,aswegrowold,welearnthatlifeisalotmorethanpursuingpersonalhappinessonly.Werealizethatwehaveresponsibilitiesnotonlytowardsourselvesbutalsotowardsotherpeopleaswellasthegreatersociety.Thismomentofrealizationiswhatmarksthematurityofaperson.Weembracethefactthatwehavedifferentrolestoplayandeachrolemaycomewithdifferentsetsofresponsibilities.Asanemployee,weareresponsiblenotonlyforourselvesbutalsohaveobligationstowardsfellowemployees,thecompany,andexternalstakeholderssuchasthecustomers.Asaparent,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsourchildren.Andassomeoneinanintimaterelationship,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsoursignificanthalf.Similarly,asacitizen,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsfellowcitizensaswellasourcountry.

Aresponsibleandmaturepersonisoftenlessselfishandmoreconsideratetowardsotherpeoplethanhisorheryoungerselves.Thematurityisthenaturaloutcomeofyearsoflifeexperiencesthatturnusintowiserbeings.Whilematurityhelpsusmakebetterqualitydecisions,italsocomplicatesthedecision-makingprocess.Asyoungindividuals,ourdecision-makingprocessisoftenimpulsiveandintuitive.However,asmatureindividuals,thedecision-makingprocessbecomesdeliberativebecauseweconsidertheimpactofourdecisionsonnotonlyourselvesbutalsootherpeoplewhomaybeaffectedbyit.

Inconclusion,havingasenseofresponsibilitymarksthematurityofaperson.Withresponsibility,amaturepersonislessselfish,wiser,andmoreconsideratethanhisorheryoungerself.Heorshemaymakethedecisionsslowerasamaturepersonthanasayoungpersonbutthedecisionsmadeasamaturepersonalsotendtobeofhigherqualitythanthosemadeasayoungperson.

16.單選題

Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery（

）inordertomeetexactspecifications.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plausibly

B.profoundly

C.precisely

D.primarily

【答案】C

【解析】plausibly似真地；profoundly深刻地，極度地；precisely精確地，恰好；primarily主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必須能非常精確地工作，以滿足準(zhǔn)確的規(guī)格要求。根據(jù)下文可知，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

Themeetingwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat（）thespeakersstoppedforrefreshments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlarge

B.atease

C.atintervals

D.atrandom

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這個(gè)會(huì)議是如此拖延,讓人筋疲力盡，以至演講者時(shí)不時(shí)停下來(lái)喘口氣。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。Atlarge詳盡的，逍遙法外的，未被捕的，整個(gè)的；atease安逸，自由自在；atintervals不時(shí)地，相隔一定距離（或時(shí)間）地;atrandom隨便地，任意地。因此C符合句意。

18.單選題

Peoplearelivinglongerthanever,butforsomereason,womenarelivinglongerthanmen.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesin2003canexpectstolivetobeabout73,ababygirl,about79.Thisisindeedawidegap,andnoonereallyknowswhyitexists.Thegreaterlongevity（長(zhǎng)壽）ofwomen,however,hasbeenknownforcenturies.Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,thedifferencewassmallerthan—thegapisgrowing.

Anumberofreasonshavebeenproposedtoaccountsforthedifferences.Thegapisgreatestinindustrializedsocieties,soithasbeensuggestedthatwomenarelesssusceptibletoworkstrainsthatmayraisetheriskofheartdiseaseandalcoholism.Sociologistsalsotellusthatwomenareencouragedtobelessadventurousthanmen（andthismaybewhytheyaremorecarefuldrivers,involvedinfeweraccidents）.

Evensmokinghasbeenimplicatedintheagediscrepancy.Itwasoncesuggestedthatworkingwomenaremorelikelytosmokeandasmorewomenenteredtheworkforce,theagegapwouldbegintoclose,becausesmokingisrelatedtoearlierdeaths.Now,however,weseemorewomensmokingandtheystilltendtolivelongeralthoughtheirlungcancerrateisclimbingsharply.

Onepuzzlingaspectoftheproblemisthatwomendonotappeartobeashealthyasmen.Thatis,theyreportfarmoreillnesses.Butwhenamanreportsanillness,itismorelikelytobeserious.

Someresearchershavesuggestedthatmenmaydieearlybecausetheirhealthismorestronglyrelatedtotheiremotions.Forexample,mentendtodiesoonerafterlosingaspousethanwomendo.Menevenseemtobemoreweakenedbylossofajob.（Bothofthesearelinkedwithamarkeddecreaseintheeffectivenessoftheimmunesystem.）Amongmen,deathfollowsretirementwithanalarmingpromptness.

Perhapswearesearchingfortheanswerstooclosetothesurfaceoftheproblem.Perhapstheanswersliedeeperinourbiologicalheritage.Afterall,thephenomenonisnotisolatedtohumans.Femaleshavetheedgeamongvirtuallyallmammalian（哺乳動(dòng)物的）species,inthattheygenerallylivelonger.Furthermore,inmanyofthesespeciesthedifferencesbeginatthemomentofconception;therearemoremalemiscarriages（流產(chǎn)）.Inhuman,afterbirth,morebabyboysthanbabygirlsdie.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

3.AsissuggestedinParagraph2,thetwofactorsrelevanttowomen’slongerlifespanare（）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingphenomenamakesresearcherspuzzled?

6.Theword“edge”inParagraph6means“（）”.

7.AccordingtoParagraph6,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womendidnotlivelongerthanmenuntil17thcentury.

B.Thelongevitygapbetweenwomenandmenhasbeengrowingsince17thcentury.

C.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesin2003canlivetobeabout73.

D.Allwomenlivelongerthanmen.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Men’slifespanremainsalmostunchanged.

B.Researchershavefoundthecauseoftheagegap.

C.Themoreadvancedasociety,thegreatertheagegap.

D.Theagegapwasnoticedonlyrecently.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.diseasesandroadaccidents

B.industrializationandworkstrains

C.theirimmunitytoheartdiseaseandrefusalofalcohol

D.theirenduranceofworkstrainsandreluctanceforadventure

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thegreatnumberofmalesmokerscontributestotheagegap.

B.Thegrowingnumberofsmokingwomenwillnarrowtheagegap.

C.Femaleworkersaremorelikelytosmokethanmaleworkers.

D.Smokingdoesnotseemtoaffectwomen’slongevity.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Men’shealthismorecloselyrelatedtotheiremotions.

B.Thoughmoreliabletoillnesses,womenstilllivelonger.

C.Menshowworsesymptomsthanwomenwhentheyfallill.

D.Quiteanumberofmendiesoonaftertheirretirement.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.margin

B.side

C.advantage

D.quality

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Onlyforhumanbeings,femaleslivelongerthanmales.

B.Womenlivelongerthanmenbecauseofgenes.

C.Femalesaredifferentfrommalessincethebeginningoflife.

D.BothBandC

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.Thegreaterlongevityofwomenremainsamystery.

B.Thatwomenarehealthierthanmenwellexplainstheirlongevity.

C.Peoplearelivinglongerasaresultofindustrialization.

D.Womenarelessemotionallyaffectedbydifficultiesinlife.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:A

【解析】1.【試題解析】判斷推理題。A：直到17世紀(jì)，女性才比男性長(zhǎng)壽。B：女性和男性的壽命差距自17世紀(jì)以來(lái)一直在擴(kuò)大。由“Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,the