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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東管理學院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

問題1選項

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.沒有問題

【答案】B

【解析】人稱代詞誤用。he改為she。句中queen(女王)指的是女性。

2.單選題

Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:“storeintherefrigerator.”

Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkmancamedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplusbreadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Avastwayofwell-triedtechniquesalreadyexisted—naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling...

Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing-marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheglobeinsearchofagoodprice.

Consequently,mostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthewealthycountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificiallyheatedhouse-whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaymissthehamburgers,butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.

1.Thestatement“Inmybridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.”(Para.2)suggeststhat(

).

2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?

3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffectontheenvironment?

5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardfridges?

問題1選項

A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties

B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousefridgeseveninhisfifties.

C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor’shomeinthe1950s

D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s

問題2選項

A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.

B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimeaweek.

C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily

D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood

問題3選項

A.Inventors.

B.Consumers.

C.Manufacturers.

D.Travelingsalesmen

問題4選項

A.“Humawaycontinuously”

B.“Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”

C.“Artificially-cooledspace”

D.“Withmildtemperatures”

問題5選項

A.Neutral.

B.Critical.

C.Objective

D.Compromising

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily句意為“我的童年吋期沒有冰箱,但我還是吃得不錯而且吃得很健康”之后的部分講到雖然沒有冰箱但也沒有出現(xiàn)食物浪費和食物腐爛的情況,由此可知第二段的首句話是為了說明雖然那時候沒有冰箱,作者也生活的很好,即選項A。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:送牛奶的人每天都來,雜貨商、屠夫、面包師和賣冰淇淋的人—周來送貨兩到三次。肉可以從星期天一直吃到周三,剩余的面包和牛奶將變成各種各樣的小點心。任何東西都不會被浪費,而且我們從不會為了腐爛的食物而煩惱。因此可知在冰箱發(fā)明之前不會有東西的浪費是因為人們掌握了有效的剩余食物的方法,故選D。

3.判斷推理題。第三段指出:冰箱的發(fā)明對食物的保存并沒有起到太多的作用,在冰箱發(fā)明之前已經(jīng)有像自然冷卻、鹽腌等多種食物保存方法。冰箱的發(fā)明正在促進的是電力、軟飲料、動物死尸的銷量并且在后文中作者還講到了冰箱對生活環(huán)境造成的影響,故可以推斷出在作者看來對于冰箱的發(fā)明,最沒有受益的就是消費者。

4.細節(jié)事實題。最后一段指出:冰箱對環(huán)境的影響一直都是顯著的,而它帶給人類的幸福卻是微不足道的。如果你不信,自己試試看,做一個存放食物的櫥柜,下個冬天關(guān)掉你的冰箱。你或許吃不到漢堡,但是至少能擺脫那可怕的噪音。故選A“不斷產(chǎn)生噪聲”。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。文章中作者提到童年時期沒有冰箱,但是還是吃得不錯而且很健康,并且當時食物也儲存的很好,不會造成浪費。最后兩段中,作者認為世界上絕大部分的冰箱并不是在那些最能用得上它們的熱帶地區(qū)被發(fā)現(xiàn),而是在那些富有氣候溫和的國家出現(xiàn),這些國家?guī)缀醪恍枰帽???梢钥闯鲎髡邔τ诒涫桥行缘摹?/p>

3.單選題

Henry’snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso(

)thatnothinghadbeenomitted.

問題1選項

A.understanding

B.comprehensible

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。understanding“理解”;comprehensible“可理解的”;comprehensive“綜合的;廣泛的”;understandable“可以理解的”。句意:亨利的新聞報道非常詳盡,幾乎沒有遺漏。選項C符合題意。

4.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsoftensentences.EachsentencehasfourpartsunderlinedandlabeledA,B,CandD.IdentifytheonechoicethatisnotacceptedinstandardEnglishandmarkyourchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

21.Afew[A]naturallyelementsexistinsuchsmall[B]amountsthattheyareknown[C]mainlyfromlaboratory-made[D]samples.

22.[A]Tostaywarmincoldweather,cold-bloodedanimalsmustexpose[B]itselfto[C]asourceofwarmthsuchas[D]directsunlight.

23.Asevereillness[A]whereshewas[B]justnineteenmonthsold[C]deprivedHelenKeller[D]ofbothhersightandhearing.

24.In[A]thewild,teaplantsbecome[B]treesof[C]approximatelythirtyfeetin[D]high.

25.Formanycenturies,sailors[A]reliedonechoes[B]towarnthemof[C]anotherships,icebergs,orcliffsin[D]foggyweather.

26.[A]Itisthe[B]interactionbetweenpeople,ratherthantheeventsthatoccurintheirlives,[C]thatarethemainfocusof[D]socialpsychology.

27.Itistruethat[A]therotationoftheEarth[B]onitsaxisisresponsible[C]withthealternationofperiods[D]oflightanddarkness.

28.Oneofthemostdifficult[A]questions[B]indefiningsleep[C]is“What[D]isthefunctionsofsleep?”

29.Seven[A]ofplanetsrotateinthesamedirection[B]astheirorbitalmotions,[C]whileVenusandUranusrotateinthe[D]oppositedirection.

30.Thetongueis[A]capableofmany[B]motionsandconfigurationsandplays[C]avitalroleinchewing,[D]swallowed,andspeaking.

【答案】21.A

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.C

27.C

28.D

29.A

30.D

【解析】21.考查形容詞和副詞的運用。將naturally改為natural;后面的elements“要素”為名詞。記憶點:形容詞修飾名詞,副詞大多用來修飾動詞。

22.考查代詞的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。將itself改成themselves;句中指代的對象是animals,是復數(shù)名詞,代詞也同樣需要使用復數(shù)形式。

23.考查從句引導詞的使用。將where改成when;后面的shewasjustnineteenmonthsold,用來特定表示那個時間段,而時間狀語從句用when進行連接引導。where主要表地點。

24.考查固定詞組搭配。將high改成height;“inheight”表示“在高度上”,是固定搭配。

25.考查代詞的搭配。將another改成other;因為后面的ships是復數(shù)名詞,而another后面接單數(shù)名詞,故應(yīng)改為other。

26.考查主謂一致。將are改成is;整句的大體結(jié)構(gòu)為(It’s…that…)ratherthan作為插入語,不充當居中主要成分,theinteractionbetweenpeople才是本句的主語,為單數(shù),故從句的謂語動詞也應(yīng)使用單數(shù)。

27.考查詞組的固定搭配。將with改成for;beresponsiblefor“對……負責”,為固定搭配。

28.考查主謂一致。將is改成are,主謂一致;oneof接復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。后面的主語為questions,故此句的謂語動詞應(yīng)使用復數(shù)形式are。

29.考查定冠詞的用法。在planets前添加the;在本句中的planets是特指太陽系中的九大行星,因此,需要加入定冠詞the。

30.考查連詞的一致性。將swallowed改成swallowing;句中playavitalrolein+動名詞,and連接所有動詞的使用形式需要一致。

5.單選題

Imaginationand(

)ofamanagerwillhelpmakethebusinessasuccess.

問題1選項

A.simplicity

B.sophistication

C.innovation

D.condescension

【答案】C

【解析】simplicity樸素,簡易,天真;sophistication復雜,老于世故;innovation創(chuàng)新,革新;condescension謙卑,屈尊。句意:經(jīng)理的想象力和創(chuàng)新將有助于商業(yè)的成功。選項C符合語境。

6.單選題

Yearsaftertheaccidenthewasstill(

)byimagesofdeathanddestruction.

問題1選項

A.twisted

B.haunted

C.dipped

D.submerged

【答案】B

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。twist“纏繞,扭曲”;haunt“(指鬼魂)常出沒于(某處)”;dip“浸,泡”;submerge“淹沒”。句意:事故發(fā)生后好多年死亡和毀滅的景象仍然縈繞于他的腦海中。選項B符合題意。

7.填空題

ThoseAsianAmericanswhosefamilieshavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesforseveralgenerationsresenttobesingledoutandstereotypedaspartofasupermajority.Theyfeelthattheirachievementsareonlycomparabletowhatother

A

B

C

D

immigrantgroupshavedoneinthepast.

【答案】Btobesingledout改為beingsingledout

【解析】【考查點】動詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)短語resentdoingsth.確定此處應(yīng)為beingsingledout。

【句意】那些已經(jīng)在美國生活了好幾代的亞裔美國人憤恨被孤立出來,并被定義為絕大多數(shù)的一部分。他們覺得自己的成就只能與其他移民群體過去的成就相媲美。

8.單選題

Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorganizationtopracticallyfull-timeworkforasocialagency.Justasthereareopportunitiesforvoluntaryservice(1)(VSO)foryoungpeoplebeforetheytakeupfull-timeemployment,

(2)

thereareopportunitiesforoverseasservicefor

(3)

techniciansindevelopingcountries.Somepeople,

(4)

thosewhoretireearly,

(5)

theirtechnicalandbusinessskillsincountries

(6)

thereisaspecialneed.

Soinconsideringvoluntaryor

(7)

communityservicetherearemoreopportunitiesthanthere

(8)

werewhenonefirstbeganwork.Mostvoluntaryorganizationshaveonlyasmallfull-time

(9)

,anddependverymuchonvolunteersandpart-times.Thismeansthatworkingrelationshipsaredifferentfromthoseincommercialorganizations,andvaluesmaybedifferent

(10)

somewaystheymanyseemmorecasualandlessefficient,butoneshouldnot

(11)

thembycommercialcriteria.Thepeoplewhoworkwiththemdosofordifferentreasonsandwithdifferent

(12)

,bothpersonaland

(13)

.Oneshouldnotjointhem

(14)

toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise,theymustbejoinedwithcommitmenttothe

(15)

,notbusinessefficiency.Becausesalariesare(16)

ornon-existent,manyvoluntarybodiesoffermodestexpenses.Butmanyretiredpeopletakepartincommunityservicefor

(17)

,simplybecausetheyenjoythework.

Manycommunityactivitiespossible

(18)

retirementwerealsopossibleduringone’sworkinglifebuttheyaretobeundertaken

(19)

seriouslyforthat.Retiredpeoplewhoarejustlookingforsomethingdifferentorunusualtodoshouldnotconsider

(20)

communityservice.

問題1選項

A.oversea

B.oversea

C.overseas

D.overseas

問題2選項

A.so

B.as

C.that

D.then

問題3選項

A.qualifying

B.quantity

C.qualified

D.quality

問題4選項

A.partly

B.partially

C.passionately

D.particularly

問題5選項

A.operate

B.order

C.occupy

D.offer

問題6選項

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.as

問題7選項

A.paid

B.paying

C.pay

D.tobepaid

問題8選項

A.lately

B.before

C.ever

D.never

問題9選項

A.number

B.team

C.crowd

D.staff

問題10選項

A.by

B.in

C.through

D.with

問題11選項

A.comment

B.lookat

C.judge

D.enjoy

問題12選項

A.subject

B.subjective

C.objects

D.objectives

問題13選項

A.organizational

B.organization

C.organizing

D.organized

問題14選項

A.toexpect

B.expecting

C.expected

D.beingexpected

問題15選項

A.cause

B.course

C.caution

D.case

問題16選項

A.small

B.little

C.big

D.large

問題17選項

A.freedom

B.free

C.something

D.money

問題18選項

A.on

B.before

C.at

D.in

問題19選項

A.verymuch

B.much

C.noless

D.nomore

問題20選項

A.totake

B.tobetaken

C.beingtaken

D.taking

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:A

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】(1)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由后半句中的“foroverseasservice”可知此處填overseas,作副詞,意外“在海外,在國外”,voluntaryserviceoverseas指“海外志愿服務(wù)”。

(2)考查固定句型。(just)as...so...意為“正如……,就像”。

(3)考查詞義辨析。qualifying意為“使具有資格的”;quantity意為“數(shù)量,大量”;qualified意為“具備……的學歷(或資歷),具備…的知識(或技能),符合資格的”;quality意為“質(zhì)量,品質(zhì)”。因此填qualified作定語修飾technicians,指“符合資格的技術(shù)人員”。

(4)考查副詞辨析。partly意為“一定程度上,部分地”;partially意為“部分地,不完全地”;passionately意為“充滿熱情地,激動地,熾熱地”;particularly意為“特別,尤其”。可將“44thosewhoretireearly”看作一個插入語,表示“特別是那些退休早的人”。

(5)考查動詞辨析。。operate意為“運轉(zhuǎn),操作”;order意為“命令,指揮”;occupy意為“使用,占用”;offer意為“提供,給予”。此句的主語為Somepeople,賓語為technicalandbusinessskills,空格處為謂語動詞,“提供技術(shù)和商業(yè)技能”最符合邏輯,因此選D。

(6)考查定語從句。定語從句中不缺少主干成分,且先行詞countries表示地點,故選關(guān)系副詞where。

(7)考查非謂語動詞。or連接的是兩個并列成分,故空格處與voluntary(自愿的)相對,表示“付費的”修飾communityservice(社區(qū)服務(wù)),因此用paid過去分詞作前置定語,含被動意義?,F(xiàn)在分詞作定語,含主動意義,不定式作定語,表將來。

(8)考查副詞辨析。lately意為“近來,最近”;before意為“以前,過去”;ever意為“(進行比較時用以加強語氣)以往任何時候,曾經(jīng)”;never意為“從不,從來沒有”。由“therearemoreopportunitiesthanthere_____were”可知是將現(xiàn)在的情況和以前的情況相比,因此選C。

(9)考查名詞辨析。number意為“數(shù)字”;team意為“組,對”;crowd意為“人群,觀眾”;staff意為“全體職工(或雇員)”。由后面的“dependverymuchonvolunteersandpart-times(非常依賴志愿者和兼職)”可推測推測空格處表示全職員工少,因此選D。

(10)考查固定搭配。insomeways為固定搭配,意為“在某些方面,在某種程度上”。

(11)考查動詞辨析。comment意為“議論,評論”;lookat意為“看,考慮”;judge意為“評判,判斷”;enjoy意為“享受,欣賞”。由后面的“bycommercialcriteria(按商業(yè)標準)”可知C選項最符合邏輯。

(12)考查詞義辨析。subject意為“主題,話題,學科”;subjective意為“主觀的”;object意為“物體”;objective意為“目標,目的”。and連接的是兩個并列成分,由前面的“differentreasonsanddifferent____(不同的原因和不同的____)”可知D選項最符合邏輯。

(13)考查詞義辨析。organizational意為“組織的”;organization意為“組織”;organizing意為“組織上的”;organized意為“有組織的,有條理的”。由“both...and(兩者都)”可知與personal(個人的)相對的為organizational,因此選A。

(14)考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),“Oneshouldnotjointhem”為主句,“_____toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise”為伴隨狀語,故用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動意義,選B。此處表示“一個人加入到他們當中,不要期待著給他們專業(yè)經(jīng)驗”。

(15)考查名詞辨析。cause意為“(支持或為之奮斗的)事業(yè),目標,原因”;course意為“課程,講座”;caution意為“小心,謹慎”;case意為“事例,實例,實情”。bejoinedtothecourse意為“加入到……事業(yè)中”,因此選A。

(16)考查形容詞辨析。small意為“小的”,詞的本身不帶任何感情色彩,只作客觀地描述;little意為“小的”,通常帶有一定的感情色彩(如高興、滿意、同情等);big意為“大的”,指程度,范圍,規(guī)模,容積,重量,數(shù)量等方面;large意為“大的”指面積,范圍,可表示數(shù)和量。由空格后的“ornon-existent(或者不慘在的)”可推測salaries(薪水)是很少的,因此選A。

(17)語義題。由“simplybecausetheyenjoythework(僅僅因為他們喜歡這份工作)”可知很多退休的參加社區(qū)服務(wù)不是想要得到什么,僅僅是因為喜歡,再根據(jù)前面提到的薪水,可推測他們是無償加入社區(qū)服務(wù)的,forfree意為“免費”,因此選B。

(18)考查固定搭配。由“duringone’sworkinglife(在工作期間)”可推測前面指不在工作期間,即退休后,inretirement為固定搭配,意為“退休后”,因此選D。

(19)考查詞義辨析。verymuch意為“非常,確實”;much意為“非常,很”noless意為“仍然,依舊,還是”;nomore意為“不再,也不”。由but可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表示“但退休后他們還是會認真地做這些工作”,因此選C。

(20)考查固定搭配。consideringdoingsth.意為“考慮做某事”。此句意為“正在尋找不同或不尋常的事情的退休人士不應(yīng)該考慮接受社區(qū)服務(wù)”。

9.單選題

Attemptstopersuadehertostayaftershefeltinsultedwere

.

問題1選項

A.innoway

B.onthecontrary

C.ataloss

D.ofnoavail

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。innoway“絕不”;onthecontrary“相反”;ataloss“虧本地”;ofnoavail“無效,不起作用”。句意:在她遭受羞辱后要她留下來是徒勞無功的。選項D符合題意。

10.單選題

Behaviorisoneoftwogeneralresponsesavailabletoendothermic(warm-blooded)speciesfortheregulationofbodytemperature,theotherbeinginnate(reflexive)mechanismsofheatproductionandheatloss.Humanbeingsrelyprimarilyonthefirsttoprovideahospitablethermalmicroclimateforthemselves,inwhichthetransferofheatbetweenthebodyandtheenvironmentisaccomplishedwithminimalinvolvementofinnatemechanismsofheatproductionandloss.Thermoregulatorybehavioranticipateshyperthermia,andtheorganismadjustsitsbehaviortoavoidbecominghyperthermic:itremoveslayersofclothing,itgoesforacoolswim,etc.Theorganismcanalsorespondtochangesinthetemperatureofthebodycore,asisthecaseduringexercise;butsuchresponsesresultfromthedirectstimulationofthermoreceptorsdistributedwidelywithinthecentralnervoussystem,andtheabilityofthesemechanismstohelptheorganismadjusttogrosschangesinitsenvironmentislimited.

Untilrecentlyitwasassumedthatorganismsrespondtomicrowaveradiationinthesamewaythattheyrespondtotemperaturechangescausedbyotherformsofradiation.Afterall,theargumentruns,microwavesareradiationandheatbodytissues.Thistheoryignoresthefactthatthestimulustoabehavioralresponseisnormallyatemperaturechangethatoccursatthesurfaceoftheorganism.Thethermoreceptorsthatpromptbehavioralchangesarelocatedwithinthefirstmillimeteroftheskin’ssurface,buttheenergyofamicrowavefieldmaybeselectivelydepositedindeeptissues,effectivelybypassingthesethermoreceptors,particularlyifthefieldisatnear-resonantfrequencies.Theresultingtemperatureprofilemaywellbeakindofreversethermalgradientinwhichthedeeptissuesarewarmedmorethanthoseofthesurface.Sincetheheatisnotconductedoutwardtothesurfacetostimulatetheappropriatereceptors,theorganismdoesnot“appreciate”thisstimulationinthesamewaythatit“appreciates”heatingandcoolingoftheskin.Intheory,theinternalorgansofahumanbeingorananimalcouldbequiteliterallycookedwell-donebeforetheanimalevenrealizesthatthebalanceofitsthermomicroclimatehasbeendisturbed.

Untilafewyearsago,microwaveirradiationsatequivalentplane-wavepowerdensitiesofabout100mW/cm2wereconsideredunequivocallytoproduce“thermal”effects;irradiationswithintherangeof10to100mW/cm2mightormightnotproduce“thermal”effects;whileeffectsobservedatpowerdensitiesbelow10mW/cm2wereassumedtobe“nonthermal”innature.Experimentshaveshownthistobeanoversimplification,andarecentreportsuggeststhatfieldsasweakas1mW/cm2canbethermogenic.Whentheheatgeneratedinthetissuesbyanimposedradiofrequency(plustheheatgeneratedbymetabolism)exceedstheheat-losscapabilitiesoftheorganism,thethermoregulatorysystemhasbeencompromised.Yetsurprisingly,notlongago,anincreaseintheinternalbodytemperaturewasregardedmerelyas“evidence”ofathermaleffect.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith(

).

2.Theauthormakeswhichofthefollowingpointsaboutinnatemechanismsforheatproduction?

3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortotakeupintheparagraphfollowingthefinalparagraphoftheselection?

4.Theauthor’sstrategyinlines39-42isto(

).

5.Theauthorimpliesthattheproponentsofthetheorythatmicrowaveradiationactsonorganismsinthesamewayasotherformsofradiationbasedtheirconclusionsprimarilyon(

).

6.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas(

).

7.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith(

).

問題1選項

A.showingthatbehaviorisamoreeffectivewayofcontrollingbodilytemperaturethaninnatemechanisms

B.criticizingresearcherswhowillnotdiscardtheirtheoriesabouttheeffectsofmicrowaveradiationonorganisms

C.demonstratingthateffectsofmicrowaveradiationaredifferentfromthoseofotherformsofradiation

D.analyzingthemechanismbywhichanorganismmaintainsitsbodilytemperatureinachangingthermalenvironment

E.discussingtheimportanceofthermoreceptorsinthecontroloftheinternaltemperatureofanorganism

問題2選項

A.Ionly

B.IandIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

E.I,II,andIII

問題3選項

A.Asuggestionfornewresearchtobedoneontheeffectsofmicrowavesonanimalsandhumanbeings

B.Ananalysisofthedifferencesbetweenmicrowaveradiation

C.Aproposalthattheuseofmicrowaveradiationbeprohibitedbecauseitisdangerous

D.Asurveyoftheliteratureontheeffectsofmicrowaveradiationonhumanbeings

E.Adiscussionofthestrategiesusedbyvariousspeciestocontrolhyperthermia

問題4選項

A.introduceahypotheticalexampletodramatizeapoint

B.proposeanexperimenttotestascientifichypothesis

C.citeacasestudytoillustrateageneralcontention

D.produceacounterexampletodisproveanopponent’stheory

E.speculateabouttheprobableconsequencesofascientificphenomenon

問題5選項

A.laboratoryresearch

B.unfoundedassumption

C.controlgroupsurveys

D.deductivereasoning

E.causalinvestigation

問題6選項

A.genialandconversational

B.alarmedanddisparaging

C.facetiousandcynical

D.scholarlyandnoncommittal

E.scholarlyandconcerned

問題7選項

A.pointingoutweaknessesinapopularscientifictheory

B.developingahypothesistoexplainascientificphenomenon

C.reportingonnewresearchontheeffectsofmicrowaveradiation

D.criticizingtheresearchmethodsofearlierinvestigators

E.clarifyingambiguitiesintheterminologyusedtodescribeaphenomenon

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:E

第7題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀全文,發(fā)現(xiàn)作者討論的重點是微波輻射產(chǎn)生的影響不同于其他種類的輻射。從而得出本題答案。

2.細節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“innatemechanismsforheatproduction”將信息點定位到原文第一段?!癰utsuchresponsesresultfromthedirectstimulationofthermoreceptorsdistributedwidelywithinthecentralnervoussystem(但這種反應(yīng)是由分布在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的熱感受器的直接刺激引起的)”與I對應(yīng);“theabilityofthesemechanismstohelptheorganismadjusttogrosschangesinitsenvironmentislimited.(這些機制幫助有機體適應(yīng)其環(huán)境的巨大變化的能力是有限的。)”與II對應(yīng)。從而得出本題答案。

3.

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“takeupintheparagraphfollowingthefinalparagraphoftheselection”,將信息點定位到原文最后一段。根據(jù)“Yetsurprisingly,notlongago,anincreaseintheinternalbodytemperaturewasregardedmerelyas“evidence”ofathermaleffect.(然而,令人驚訝的是,就在不久前,體內(nèi)溫度的升高還僅僅被視為熱效應(yīng)的“證據(jù)”。)”即可得出本題答案。

4.

細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干,定位到原文對應(yīng)部分,即可得出本題答案。

5.

細節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“microwaveradiationinthesameway”“otherformsofradiation”,將信息點定位到原文第二段第一句?!癠ntilrecentlyitwasassumedthatorganismsrespondtomicrowaveradiationinthesamewaythattheyrespondtotemperaturechangescausedbyotherformsofradiation.(直到最近,人們還認為生物體對微波輻射的反應(yīng)與它們對其他形式輻射引起的溫度變化的反應(yīng)是一樣的。)”即可得出本題答案。

6.

觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文,可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者行文時十分注重相關(guān)的學術(shù)研究,用詞十分專業(yè),并且對該問題十分關(guān)注。從而得出本題答案。

7.主旨大意題。通讀全文,發(fā)現(xiàn)作者全篇討論的是一個著名的科學理論,尤其是該理論的缺點及不足。從而得出本題答案。

11.單選題

Immediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethan______value.

問題1選項

A.transitional

B.sentimental

C.transient

D.inscrutable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項transitional“變遷的,過渡期的”,B項sentimental“傷感的,多愁善感的,感情用事的”,C項transient“短暫的,路過的”,D項inscrutable“神秘的,不可理解的,不能預測的”。根據(jù)Immediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithit“即時性以及隨之而來的生產(chǎn)速度”可知,“短暫的”符合語境。句意:即時性和與之相伴隨的生產(chǎn)速度也意味著,報紙上出現(xiàn)的很多東西只不過是短暫的價值。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

12.單選題

Hepromisedmealetter;heoughtto______itdaysago.

問題1選項

A.havewritten

B.write

C.hadwritten

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查時態(tài)。oughtto或should加不定式原形在時間上相當于動詞的現(xiàn)在時;oughtto或should加不定式的完成時在時間上相當于動詞的過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時。在本句中,時間狀語daysago已經(jīng)決定了句中的謂語動詞一定是過去時,即oughttohavedonesomething,句意:他答應(yīng)給我寫封信;他幾天前就該寫了。因此A選項正確。

13.單選題

Nolongerarecontributionstocomputertechnologyconfinedtoanyonecountry;(

)isthismoretruethaninEurope.

問題1選項

A.hardly

B.little

C.seldom

D.nowhere

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。hardly“幾乎不”;little“完全不”;seldom“很少”;nowhere“無處,任何地方”;句意:對電腦技術(shù)的貢獻不再局限于某個國家,沒有比在歐洲更能證明這一事實了。nowhere引導的是一個倒裝句。Thisisnomore...than...沒有…比…更…,此句表明歐洲最能證明這一事實。D項符合句意,答案D

14.單選題

Thedefencelawyerwasquestioningtheoldmanwhowasoneofthe()ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.

問題1選項

A.witnesses

B.audiences

C.viewers

D.observers

【答案】A

【解析】句意:辯護律師正在詢問上個月謀殺案的目擊者之一的老人。witnesses表示目擊者,符合句意。

15.單選題

Loveisthemostmelodiousofallharmoniesandthesentimentofloveisinnate.Womanisadelightfulinstrumentofpleasure,butitisnecessarytoknowitstremblingstrings,tostudythepositionofthem,thetimidkeyboard,thefingeringsochangefuland()whichbefitsit.

問題1選項

A.vicious

B.unruly

C.malicious

D.capricious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項vicious“惡毒的”;B選項unruly“任性的”;C選項malicious“蓄意的”;D選項capricious“反復無常的”。句意:愛是所有和聲中最悅耳的,愛的情感是與生俱來的。女人是令人愉悅的樂器,但你必須知道它顫動的琴弦,研究它們的位置,了解羞怯的鍵盤,以及適合它的喜怒無常的指法。填空處所填的詞應(yīng)該和changeful意思相近,所以選項D正確。

16.單選題

ManyeconomistsbelievethatAmericamustreplaceitsmoribundsmokestackindustrieswithbusinessbasedonnewtechnology.

問題1選項

A.obsolete

B.mordant

C.mortified

D.ousted

【答案】A

【解析】由句意可知,許多經(jīng)濟學家認為,美國必須用基于新技術(shù)的商業(yè)來取代……的低技術(shù)工業(yè)。既然低技術(shù)工業(yè)應(yīng)該被新技術(shù)商業(yè)代替,也就是低技術(shù)工業(yè)岌岌可危了。A選項obsolete“廢棄的;瀕死的”;B選項mordant“有腐蝕性的;尖酸的”;C選線mortified“窘迫的;受辱的”;D選項ousted“被驅(qū)逐的”。由此可知A選項“瀕死的”符合題意。

17.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsasChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.

Theauctioneermustknowfairlyaccuratelythecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsheissellingandheshouldbeacquaintedwithregularbuyersofsuchgoods.Hewillnotwastetimebystaringthebiddingtoolow.Hewillalsoplayontherivalriesamonghisbuyersandsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusinesscompetitorstobidagainsteachother.Itislargelyonhisadvicethatasellerwillfixa“reserve”pricethatisapricebelowwhichthegoodscannotbesold.Eventhebestauctioneers,however,finditdifficulttostopa“knockout”,wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachotherbutnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidderinthehopeofbuyinggoodsalatextremelylowprices.Ifsucha“knock-out”comesoff,therealauctionsalelakesplaceprivatelyafterwardsamongthedealers.

1.Acandleusedtobumalatauctionsales________.

2.Anauctioncataloguegivesprospectivebuyers________.

3.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“l(fā)ots”outoforderbecause________.

4.Anauctioneerlikestogethighpricesforthegoodshesellsbecause________.

5.A“knockout”isarranged________.

問題1選項

A.becausetheytookplaceatnight

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarm

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade

問題2選項

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.detailsofthegoodstobesold

C.theorderinwhichgoodsmustbesold

D.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

問題3選項

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyers

B.heknows

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