考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北部灣大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北部灣大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theyhavealwaysregardedamanof（

）andfairnessasareliablefriend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.robustness

B.temperament

C.integrity

D.compactness

【答案】C

【解析】robustness穩(wěn)健性，健壯性；temperament氣質(zhì)，性情；integrity完整，正直；compactness簡(jiǎn)潔，緊密。句意：他們一直把正直、公正的人看作可靠的朋友。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

2.翻譯題

Whatisthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressure?Takeyourpick,asthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressureseemstobevirtuallyanyexercise,likewalkingorcyclingorlightweighttraining,especiallyifyourworkoutsarespreadthroughouttheday.

“Evenstandingmightwork,”saysGlennGaesser,thedirectoroftheHealthyLifestylesResearchCenteratArizonaStateUniversityandanexpertonexerciseandhypertension.Exerciselowersbloodpressureinlargepartbyalteringbloodvesselstiffnesssobloodflowsmorefreely.Thiseffectoccursduringandimmediatelyafteraworkout,sotheblood-pressurebenefitsfromexercisearemostpronouncedrightafter,youworkout.Asaresult,thebestwaytofighthypertensionmaybetodivvyupyourworkoutintobite-sizepieces.

Ina2012studybyDr.Gaesser,three10-minutewalksspreadthroughoutthedaywerebetteratpreventingsubsequentspikesinbloodpressure—whichcanindicateworseningbloodpressurecontrol—thanone30-minutewalk.Andifevena10-minutewalksoundsdaunting,trystandingmoreoften.InanotherstudyledbyDr.GaesserandpublishedinAugust,overweightvolunteerswithbloodpressureproblemswereaskedtositcontinuouslyduringaneight-hourworkdaywhiletheirbloodpressurewasmonitored.Thereadingswere,asexpected,unhealthy.

Butwhen,duringanotherworkday,thosevolunteersstoodupeveryhourforatleast10minutes,theirbloodpressurereadingsimprovedsubstantially.Thereadingswereevenbetterwhen,onadditionalworkdays,thevolunteersstrolledatapokey1-mile-per-hourpaceattreadmilldesksforatleast10minuteseveryhourorpedaledunder-deskexercisebikesforthesamenumberofminuteseveryhour.

“Exerciseintensitydoesnotappeartoplayanysignificantrole”inhelpingpeoplecontrolbloodpressure,Dr.Gaessersays.Movementiswhatmatters.Sogoforastrollafewtimesduringthedayorsimplystandupmoreoftentodevelophealthierbloodpressure.

【答案】【參考譯文】

控制血壓的最佳鍛煉方式是什么？任何鍛煉都好，幾乎所有運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)控制血壓都非常有效，比如步行、騎車或是輕的負(fù)重練習(xí)，全天式的鍛煉會(huì)讓減壓效果更好。

亞利桑那州立大學(xué)健康生活方式研究中心的主任格林?蓋瑟爾是位鍛煉與高血壓方面的專家，他認(rèn)為“哪怕站著也會(huì)有幫助?！卞憻捊档脱獕旱脑颍饕且?yàn)檫\(yùn)動(dòng)可以改善血管硬度使得血流更加通暢。這樣的效果在鍛煉中和鍛煉后都會(huì)馬上顯現(xiàn)，因而在剛剛運(yùn)動(dòng)完其降壓效果尤其明顯。結(jié)論就是最好的對(duì)抗高血壓的方式，是類似少食多餐那樣進(jìn)行少量多次的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

在蓋瑟爾2012年發(fā)表的一篇報(bào)告中，他建議將一天運(yùn)動(dòng)量均分為3個(gè)時(shí)長(zhǎng)為10分鐘的步行，這樣比一次步行30分鐘相比可以更好預(yù)防血壓出現(xiàn)峰值，血壓峰值出現(xiàn)往往意味著控壓惡化。甚至說(shuō)如果10分鐘步行聽著都有些嚇人的話，那就多站站。蓋瑟爾博士主導(dǎo)過(guò)另一項(xiàng)研究并將成果于8月出版，研究要求一些超重并有高血壓?jiǎn)栴}的志愿者在8小時(shí)的工作日里一直坐在座位上，同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)其血壓，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)血壓讀數(shù)如預(yù)料的一樣非常不健康。

但在另一個(gè)工作日，當(dāng)要求這些志愿者每小時(shí)至少站立10分鐘后，他們的血壓讀數(shù)顯著改善。接著在另外一個(gè)工作日，這些志愿者需要每小時(shí)用帶跑步機(jī)的書桌慢速走10分鐘（配速為每小時(shí)1英里/1.6公里），或者用桌下型蹬車器每小時(shí)練習(xí)10分鐘，鍛煉后的血壓讀數(shù)改善得更為顯著。

蓋瑟爾博士稱就輔助人們控制血壓方面來(lái)說(shuō)，“鍛煉強(qiáng)度起不到什么作用?！边\(yùn)動(dòng)起來(lái)才是關(guān)鍵。所以每天多走幾步或多站幾次來(lái)打造健康血壓吧。

3.單選題

Exposuretolow-intensitygammaradiationslowstherateofgrowthofthespoilageofmicro-organismsinfoodinmuchthesamewaythatthelowheatusedinpasteurization（

）thespoilageactionofthemicro-organismsinmilk.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitates

B.initiates

C.inhibits

D.purifies

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)facilitates“促進(jìn)，幫助，使容易”；B選項(xiàng)initiates“開始，創(chuàng)始，發(fā)起，倡議”；C選項(xiàng)inhibits“抑制，約束”；D選項(xiàng)purifies“凈化，使純凈”。根據(jù)句意‘暴露于低強(qiáng)度的伽馬電磁輻射下可以放緩食物中腐敗微生物的生長(zhǎng)速度，正如以極為相同的方式，在巴氏滅菌法中，低熱會(huì)遏制住牛奶中微生物的腐敗作用?！疌選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Theeachrevolvesbothroundthesunandonitsownaxis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolves

B.involves

C.rotates

D.evolves

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)resolves“決定；溶解；使……分解；決心要做……”；B選項(xiàng)involves“包含；牽涉；使陷于；潛心于”；C選項(xiàng)rotates“旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)”；D選項(xiàng)evolves“進(jìn)化，進(jìn)展”。句意：每一個(gè)（星球）都繞著太陽(yáng)和自己的軸旋轉(zhuǎn)。本句關(guān)鍵詞revolves表示“使……旋轉(zhuǎn)；使……循環(huán)”，可和rotates做同義替換；因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Trytheproductoutinthecomfortofyourownhomewithabsolutelyno（

）tobuy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commitment

B.engagement

C.persuasion

D.preservation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。commitment“承諾，許諾”；engagement“訂婚，婚約，約會(huì)”；persuasion“勸說(shuō)，說(shuō)服”；preservation“保存，保留”。句意：可以在自己家里隨意試用本產(chǎn)品且根本不用承諾買該產(chǎn)品。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Itisimpossibleforusto（）suchadifficulttaskwithinthelimitedtime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fuel

B.frown

C.fulfill

D.frost

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fuel“供以燃料，推動(dòng)”。B選項(xiàng)frown“皺眉，不同意”。C選項(xiàng)fulfill“履行，完成”。D選項(xiàng)frost“結(jié)霜，凍壞”。句意：我們不可能在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成如此艱巨的任務(wù)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

雖然人人都需要一個(gè)職業(yè)是事實(shí)——最好是工資高的。但同樣確實(shí)無(wú)誤的是我們的文明已經(jīng)在與我們自己的專業(yè)相去甚遠(yuǎn)的領(lǐng)域積累了多得令人難以置信的知識(shí)，而我們也具備了了解這些其他方面知識(shí)的更好條件——無(wú)論他們是科學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)還是藝術(shù)上的成就。同樣確實(shí)無(wú)誤的是，在研究不同智慧時(shí)，我們可以學(xué)會(huì)如何思考。更重要的也許是教育教會(huì)我們看到事物之間的聯(lián)系，并看到我們的當(dāng)前需求以外的東西。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，這正是教育所真正應(yīng)該做到的，而我認(rèn)為它也能夠做到的。

【答案】It'struethateveryoneneedsacareer—preferablyonethatpayswell,butitisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedknowledgethatistoomuchtobebelievedbypeopleinthefieldswhicharefarfromourmajors,andthatwealsohavehadbetterconditionsforunderstandtheknowledgeintheseotheraspects—whethertheyarescientificcontributionsorartisticachievements.Itisalsotruethat,instudyingdifferentshadesofwisdom,wecanlearnhowtothink.Perhapsmoreimportantly,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthingsaswellasthingsbeyondcurrentneeds.Inthelongrun,thisisexactlywhateducationshouldmanagetodo,andIalsobelieveitmayalsobeabletodo.

8.單選題

Withtheincreasingunemploymentrate,femaleworkerswhoare45to55yearsoldareusuallythefirsttobe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidaside

B.laidup

C.laidout

D.laidoff

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析題。layaside“放棄（某種習(xí)慣），積蓄（金錢），把…放在一邊”；layup“放置不用，貯存，儲(chǔ)蓄，使（某人）待在床上或室內(nèi)”；layout“設(shè)計(jì);展示，安排”；layoff“暫時(shí)解雇，裁員，停止工作”；根據(jù)句意‘隨著失業(yè)率不斷上升，45-55歲的女性工人通常最先被（

）。’確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Oneroomschools,withallsubjectsbeingtaughttoallgradesatthesametime,simply_____whenbettertransportationpermitsspecializedspacesandspecializedteaching.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolved

B.absolved

C.dissolved

D.solved

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近動(dòng)詞辨析。resolve“解決；決心要”；absolve“免除，赦免”；dissolve“溶解；解散”；solve“解決”。句意：只有一間教室的學(xué)校，所有科目同時(shí)教授給所有年級(jí)的學(xué)生，當(dāng)更好的交通條件允許有專門的空間和專門的教學(xué)時(shí)，就簡(jiǎn)單地……。這里用“解散”更符合句意，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal______forlivingexpenses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.advisable

C.available

D.applicable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)advisable“可取的”；C選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”；D選項(xiàng)applicable“適用的”。句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)生在住房上的開銷應(yīng)該占總共______開銷的五分之一。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是在所擁有的開銷中，住房占五分之一，available“可獲得的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

（）moreimportant,notonlythelostcitieswererecovered,butthenewcitieswerebuilt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thatis

B.Itis

C.Because

D.Whatis

【答案】D

【解析】句意：更重要的是,不僅找回了丟失的城市,而且建造了新的城市。

12.翻譯題

Thebodieswhoplaymajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.

【答案】這些年來(lái)，從事主要職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的選手們身高發(fā)生了巨大的變化，所以經(jīng)理們很愿意調(diào)整隊(duì)服，使其能夠適合越來(lái)越多大體型的人。

13.單選題

Weacceptanybodyregardless______nationality.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.for

C.of

D.in

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。B選項(xiàng)regardlessfor“尊重；考慮到”；C選項(xiàng)regardlessof“不管，無(wú)論”；A選項(xiàng)regardlessto和D選項(xiàng)regardlessin非固定搭配。句意：我們接受任何人，______國(guó)籍。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指接受每個(gè)國(guó)家的人，C選項(xiàng)regardlessof“不管，無(wú)論”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Youwillfindthesceneryissobeautifulifyouviewfromthe（

）ofthehill.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ceiling

B.summit

C.mantle

D.roof

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果從山頂上看，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)景是如此的美麗。只有選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.單選題

Itmadehimuncomfortableto（）hisplanandthinkofsomethingnew.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.switch

B.transfer

C.shift

D.alter

【答案】D

【解析】句意:改變計(jì)劃或另想新的路子,都使他感到不舒服。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。switch轉(zhuǎn)換,揮動(dòng);transfer使轉(zhuǎn)移,調(diào)任;shift轉(zhuǎn)移,替換;alter改變,更改。因此D符合句意。

16.單選題

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inlinewith“與……一致”；B選項(xiàng)forthesakeof“為了”；C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬(wàn)一”；D選項(xiàng)attheriskof“冒著……的危險(xiǎn)”。句意：我總是在早上較早離開家去上學(xué)______交通堵塞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指早點(diǎn)出門是為了不想堵車，C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬(wàn)一”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Theinsectthat______afinemistneatlyandquicklycannotbesimplypouredintoabottle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spurs

B.sprays

C.squashes

D.spreads

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spurs“鞭策；促進(jìn)；策馬前進(jìn)；緊貼主干剪短”；B選項(xiàng)sprays“噴；掃射”；C選項(xiàng)squashes“把……壓扁；擠進(jìn)，塞入；壓制，抑制；打斷，制止；去除，粉碎；斷然拒絕；把……鎮(zhèn)住，使無(wú)言以對(duì)”；D選項(xiàng)spreads“傳播；伸展；散布；展開；鋪開”。句意：這種可快速均勻地噴灑成細(xì)霧的驅(qū)蟲劑并非是簡(jiǎn)單地注入瓶中的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Atthattime,Americawasfacedwiththeproblemofprovidingjobsforthemany（）whowerepouringintothecountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emigrants

B.migrants

C.inhabitants

D.immigrants

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emigrant“移民（遷出的）”；B選項(xiàng)migrant“移居者”；C選項(xiàng)inhabitant“居民”；D選項(xiàng)immigrant“移民（遷入的）”。根據(jù)后面的定語(yǔ)從句“whowerepouringintothecountry.涌入這個(gè)國(guó)家（美國(guó)）的人們”可知，這里指的是遷入的移民，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

19.單選題

Thekitchenwassmalland（）sothatthedisabledcouldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conventional

B.compact

C.compatible

D.concise

【答案】B

【解析】conventional傳統(tǒng)的,習(xí)用的,平常的;compact緊湊的,簡(jiǎn)潔的;compatible協(xié)調(diào)的；concise簡(jiǎn)明的,簡(jiǎn)約的。句意：這間廚房小巧緊湊,殘疾人可以很方便的夠到所有的東西。

20.單選題

Themostwidespreadfallacyofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycold.Theyareactuallycausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.Youcatchacoldbycomingintocontact,directlyorindirectly,withsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcoldcausescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.AndintheisolatedArcticRegionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.

AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEngland,volunteerstookpartinexperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftime.Aftertakinghotbaths,theyputonbathingsuits,allowedthemselvestobewithcoldwater,andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyrooms.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Notoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnose.If,then,coldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds,whyaretheymorefrequentinthewinter?Despitethemostpains-takingresearch,noonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimes,andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.Noonehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressorssuchasaspirin,butalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms.

1.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTagreewiththechosenpassage?

2.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen（）.

3.VolunteersoftheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit（）.

4.Thepassagemainlydiscusses（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetime.

B.Coldsarenotcausedbycold.

C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.

D.Apersonmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyareworkingintheisolatedArcticRegions

B.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweather

C.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedArcticRegions

D.theyarecorningintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sufferedmuchfromcoldness

B.nevercaughtcolds

C.alwayscaughtcolds

D.becameverystrong

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theexperimentsonthecommoncold

B.thevirusesofthecommoncold

C.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcolds

D.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTagreewiththechosenpassage?1.下列哪一項(xiàng)與文章不一致？

A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetime.A.愛(ài)斯基摩人并不總是感冒。

B.Coldsarenotcausedbycold.B.感冒不是由寒冷引起的。

C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.C.人們患感冒只是因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g待在室內(nèi)。

D.Apersonmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.D.一個(gè)人可能會(huì)因?yàn)榻佑|已經(jīng)感冒的人而感冒。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“科學(xué)家給出的一種解釋是，與其他時(shí)候相比，人們?cè)诤涞奶鞖饫锔鼉A向于待在室內(nèi)，這使得感冒病毒更容易傳播”，可知，這里是對(duì)冬天更容易感冒的解釋，并不是說(shuō)人們患感冒是因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g待在室內(nèi)，故C項(xiàng)“人們患感冒只是因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g待在室內(nèi)”表述與原文不符合，但符合題意。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“愛(ài)斯基摩人并不總是感冒”，根據(jù)第一段第三和第四句“如果感冒是由寒冷引起的，那么愛(ài)斯基摩人將永遠(yuǎn)遭受感冒的折磨是有道理的。但事實(shí)并非如此。”可知，感冒并不是寒冷引起的，所以愛(ài)斯基摩人不會(huì)總是感冒，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“感冒不是由寒冷引起的”，根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“最普遍的謬論（fallacy）是感冒是由寒冷引起的”，從fallacy（謬論）可知，感冒并不是由寒冷引起的，該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人可能會(huì)因?yàn)榻佑|已經(jīng)感冒的人而感冒”，根據(jù)第一段第二句“感冒實(shí)際上是由人與人之間傳播的病毒引起的”可知，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen______.2.當(dāng)______，北極探險(xiǎn)家可能會(huì)感冒。

A.theyareworkingintheisolatedArcticRegionsA.他們?cè)谂c世隔絕的北極地區(qū)工作

B.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweatherB.他們?cè)跇O冷的天氣里寫報(bào)告

C.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedArcticRegionsC.他們不用在與世隔絕的北極地區(qū)工作

D.theyarecorningintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworldD.他們又開始與外界接觸

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Arcticexplorers定位至第一段最后一句“在與世隔絕的北極地區(qū)，探險(xiǎn)家們報(bào)告說(shuō)，在通過(guò)從飛機(jī)上扔下的包裹和郵件與外界的感染者再次接觸之前，他們沒(méi)有感冒”，從中可知，探險(xiǎn)家們?cè)诮佑|外界之前沒(méi)有感冒，這也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)他們接觸外界時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)感冒，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他們?cè)谂c世隔絕的北極地區(qū)工作”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“他們?cè)跇O冷的天氣里寫報(bào)告”在原文沒(méi)有依據(jù)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“他們不用在與世隔絕的北極地區(qū)工作”，根據(jù)原文可知，北極探險(xiǎn)家并不是因?yàn)樵谂c世隔絕的北極地區(qū)才沒(méi)感冒，而是沒(méi)有接觸帶有病毒的感染者，該項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.VolunteersoftheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit______.3.在普通感冒研究中心做實(shí)驗(yàn)的志愿者_(dá)_____。

A.sufferedmuchfromcoldnessA.深受寒冷之苦

B.nevercaughtcoldsB.從來(lái)不感冒

C.alwayscaughtcoldsC.總是感冒

D.becameverystrongD.非常強(qiáng)壯

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞CommonColdResearchUnit定位至第二段第一句“在英國(guó)的普通感冒研究中心，志愿者們參加了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們讓自己長(zhǎng)時(shí)間處于寒冷潮濕的不適狀態(tài)”，從中可知，在普通感冒研究中心做實(shí)驗(yàn)的志愿者深受寒冷之苦，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“從來(lái)不感冒”、C項(xiàng)“總是感冒”和D項(xiàng)“非常強(qiáng)壯”在原文沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.4.這篇文章主要是討論______。

A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldA.普通感冒的實(shí)驗(yàn)

B.thevirusesofthecommoncoldB.普通感冒的病毒

C.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsC.人們感冒的原因

D.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncoldsD.普通感冒的持續(xù)蔓延

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】通讀全文可知，第一段提出感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒引起，隨后用了幾個(gè)例子證明第一段開頭提出的論點(diǎn)，所以本文主要討論感冒的原因以及人們患上感冒的方式，C選項(xiàng)“人們感冒的原因”符合全文主旨。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“普通感冒的實(shí)驗(yàn)”、B項(xiàng)“普通感冒的病毒”和D項(xiàng)“普通感冒的持續(xù)蔓延”只是文中提到的觀點(diǎn)，不是主旨思想，屬于以偏概全。

21.單選題

______naturemeansalllivingplantsandanimals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Scientific

B.Animate

C.Good

D.Large

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Scientific“科學(xué)的”；B選項(xiàng)Animate“有生命的”；C選項(xiàng)Good“良好的”；D選項(xiàng)Large“大量的；廣泛的”。句意：______的物種是指所有有生命的動(dòng)植物。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，B選項(xiàng)Animate“有生命的”比較符合語(yǔ)境，這里是在解釋有生命的物種是什么，符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Sinceyouareunhappywiththisjob,Irecommendthatyou___assoonaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resigned

B.willresign

C.couldresign

D.resign

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.resigned辭職B.willresign辭職

C.couldresign辭職D.resign辭職

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】這里考查recommend的用法。sb.recommendthatsb.(should)dosth.表示建議某人做某事。這里的should可以省略。因此D選項(xiàng)resign正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)搭配錯(cuò)誤。

【句意】既然你對(duì)這份工作不滿意，我建議你盡快辭職。

23.單選題

Justfiveone-hundredthsofaninchthick,lightgoldenincolorandwithaperfect“saddlecurl,”theLay’spotatochipseemsanunlikelyweaponforglobaldomination.Butitsmaker,Frito-Lay,thinksotherwise.“Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld,”saidSalmanAmin,thecompany’sheadofglobalmarketing.AminbelievesthereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip.

Frito-LayisthebiggestsnackmakerinAmericaownedbyPepsiCo,andaccountsforoverhalfoftheparentcompany’s$3billionannualprofits.ButtheU.S.snackfoodmarketislargelysaturated,andtogrow,thecompanyhastolookoverseas.

Itsstrategyrestsontwobeliefs:first,aglobalproductofferseconomiesofscalewithwhichlocalbrandscannotcompete,andsecond,consumersinthe21stcenturyaredrawnto“global”asaconcept“Global”doesnotmeanproductsthatareconsciouslyidentifiedasAmerican,butonesthatconsumers-especiallyyoungpeopleseeaspartofamodem,innovative（創(chuàng)新的）worldinwhichpeoplearelinkedacrossculturesbysharedbeliefsandtastes.PotatochipsareanAmericaninvention,butmostChinese,forinstance,donotknowthatFrito-LayisanAmericancompany.Instead,Riskey,thecompany’sresearchanddevelopmenthead,wouldhopetheyassociatethebrandwiththenewworldofglobalcommunicationsandbusiness.

Withbrandperceptionacrucialfactor,RiskeyorderedaredesignoftheFrito-Laylogo（標(biāo)識(shí)）.Thelogo,alongwiththecompany’slong-heldmarketingimageofthe“irresistibility”ofitschipswouldhelpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion.

TheexecutivesacknowledgethattheytrytoswingnationaleatinghabitstoafoodcreatedinAmerica,buttheydenythatamountstoeconomicimperialism.Later,theyseeFrito-Layasspreadingthebenefitsoffreeenterpriseacrosstheworld.“We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives.”saidSteveReinemund,PepsiCo’schiefexecutive.

1.ItisthebeliefofFrito-Lay’sheadofglobalmarketingthat（

）.

2.WhatdowelearnaboutFrito-LayfromParagraph2?

3.OneoftheassumptionsonwhichLaybasesitsdevelopmentstrategyisthat

（

）.

4.WhydidRiskeyhavetheFrito-Laylogoredesigned?

5.Frito-Lay'sexecutivesclaimthatthepromotingofAmericanfoodintheinternationalmarket（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Potatochipscanhardlybeusedasaweapontodominatetheworldmarket

B.Theircompanymustfindnewwaystopromotedomesticsales

C.Thelightgoldencolorenhancesthecharmoftheircompany'spotatochips

D.Peopleallovertheworldenjoyeatingtheircompany'spotatochips

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itsproductsusedtobepopularamongoverseasconsumers.

B.Itsexpansionhascausedfiercecompetitioninthesnackmarker.

C.Itgiveshalfofitsannualprofitstoitsparentcompany.

D.Itneedstoturntotheworldmarketfordevelopment.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.consumersworldwidetodayareattractedbyglobalbrands

B.localbrandscannotcompetesuccessfullywithAmericanbrands

C.productssuitingChineseconsumers’needsbringmoreprofits

D.productsidentifiedasAmericanwillhavepromisingmarketvalue

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tosuitchangingtastesofyoungconsumers.

B.Topromotethecompany'sstrategyofglobalization.

C.Tochangethecompany'slongheldmarketingimage.

D.TocompetewithotherAmericanchipproducers.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.won’taffecttheeatinghabitsofthelocalpeople

B.willleadtoeconomicimperialism

C.willbeintheinterestofthelocalpeople

D.won’tspoilthetasteoftheirchips

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“菲多利全球市場(chǎng)主管相信……”。文章第一段提到“薯片是全世界人民的零食”（Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld），“全世界沒(méi)有任何人能抵擋住薯?xiàng)l的魅力”（thereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip），由此可知選項(xiàng)D“全世界人都愛(ài)吃他們公司生產(chǎn)的薯?xiàng)l”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)第二段，我們可以了解到菲多利……”。文章第二段提到“菲多利是美國(guó)最大的零食生產(chǎn)者……但美國(guó)的零食市場(chǎng)差不多已經(jīng)飽和，所以它不得不轉(zhuǎn)向海外市場(chǎng)”（thecompanyhastolookoverseas），由此可知菲多利需要打開全球市場(chǎng)來(lái)尋求發(fā)展，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“菲多利發(fā)展策略依據(jù)的假設(shè)是……”。文章第三段提到了菲多利的兩個(gè)信念，一是全球性產(chǎn)品具有地方產(chǎn)品不能與之抗衡的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)；一是二十一世紀(jì)的消費(fèi)者為“全球性”所吸引，選項(xiàng)A“全球的消費(fèi)者為全球品牌所吸引”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“Riskey重新設(shè)計(jì)將菲多利標(biāo)識(shí)的原因是……”。文章第四段提到“（新設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)識(shí)）能夠幫助加速公司的全球擴(kuò)張”（helpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“菲多利的主管們稱美國(guó)食品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的推廣……”。文章最后一段提到將在那些國(guó)家生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，讓產(chǎn)品迎合當(dāng)?shù)厝说目谖?，雇傭那里的工人，改變他們的生活（We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives），選項(xiàng)C“有利于當(dāng)?shù)厝恕狈项}意。

24.單選題

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoesbeginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmoderncomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

1.Theword“exceeded”inparagraph1mostprobablymeans______.

2.Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherefailstopredictsuchashort-livedtornadobecause______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theword“Nowcast”(paragraph3)means______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,______isthekeyfactortomaking“Nowcasts”areality.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepassagemainlydealswith______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.addedupto

B.weremorethan

C.wereabout

D.werelessthan

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecomputerisnotusedtoforecastspecificlocalevents

B.thecomputersarenotadvancedenoughtopredictit

C.theweatherdatapeoplecollectareoftenwrong

D.weatherconditionsinsomesmallregionsarenotavailable

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.awayofcollectingrawweatherdata

B.aforecastwhichcanpredicttheweatherconditionsinthesmallareainanaccurateway

C.anetworktocollectinstantweatherdata

D.amoreadvancedsystemofweatherobservation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.scientificandtechnologicaladvancessuchasradar,orsatellites

B.computerscientist

C.meteorologists

D.advancedcomputerprograms

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.atornadoinEdmonton,Alberta

B.what’sa“Nowcast”

C.thedisadvantageofconventionalcomputermodelsoftheweatherforecast

D.abreakthroughinweatherforecast

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“exceeded”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million（龍卷風(fēng)造成的總損失超過(guò)2.5億美元），說(shuō)明“exceeded”在文中是指“超過(guò)”的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)“超過(guò)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“加起來(lái)”，C選項(xiàng)“大約”，D選項(xiàng)“少于”均不符合題意，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.（傳統(tǒng)的大氣計(jì)算機(jī)模型在預(yù)測(cè)像埃德蒙頓龍卷風(fēng)這樣短暫的局部風(fēng)暴方面價(jià)值有限，因?yàn)榭捎玫奶鞖鈹?shù)據(jù)通常不夠詳細(xì)，不能讓計(jì)算機(jī)仔細(xì)研究這些風(fēng)暴來(lái)臨之前微妙的大氣變化。），接著指出conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.（傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)模式能夠較好地預(yù)測(cè)大范圍的總體天氣情況而不是具體的局部天氣事件），說(shuō)明傳統(tǒng)的大氣計(jì)算機(jī)模型不能很好地預(yù)測(cè)龍卷風(fēng)是因?yàn)橐恍┬^(qū)域的數(shù)據(jù)采集不到。因此D選項(xiàng)“一些小區(qū)域的天氣狀況無(wú)法獲得”正確。A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)不是用來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)具體的局部事件的”，B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)不夠先進(jìn)，無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)”，C選項(xiàng)“人們收集的天氣數(shù)據(jù)往往是錯(cuò)誤的”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Nowcast”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.（直到最近，用于精確的、非常短期的預(yù)測(cè)或“臨近預(yù)報(bào)”的觀測(cè)密集方法還不可行。），由前面的“accurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts”可以推斷出，“Nowcast”在文中是指“準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)”的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)“一種可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)小區(qū)域天氣狀況的預(yù)報(bào)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一種收集原始天氣數(shù)據(jù)的方式”，C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)收集即時(shí)天氣數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)更先進(jìn)的天氣觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)”均不符合題意，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.（幸運(yùn)的是，科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步已經(jīng)克服了這些問(wèn)題中的大多數(shù)。），說(shuō)明解決及時(shí)預(yù)報(bào)困難的關(guān)鍵因素是高科技的發(fā)展。因此A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，如雷達(dá)或衛(wèi)星”正確。B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家”，C選項(xiàng)“氣象學(xué)家”，D選項(xiàng)“先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)程序”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了某次龍卷風(fēng)造成的損失，指出傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)天氣預(yù)測(cè)模式由于沒(méi)有詳細(xì)的天氣情況數(shù)據(jù)而不能對(duì)類似于龍卷風(fēng)的暴風(fēng)雨做出及時(shí)的預(yù)報(bào)。接著提出直到最近，由于高科技的發(fā)展解決了人們收集天氣數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)的種種問(wèn)題，才使得Nowcast這種準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，可知文章主要講述了天氣預(yù)報(bào)方面的一大突破。因此D選項(xiàng)“天氣預(yù)報(bào)的突破性進(jìn)展”最符合文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“艾伯塔省埃德蒙頓市的一場(chǎng)龍卷風(fēng)”，B選項(xiàng)“什么是Nowcast”，C選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)計(jì)算機(jī)模型的缺點(diǎn)”都只講了文章的某一方面，不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

25.單選題

Thegovernment（）toapprovetheuseofwide-spreadsurveillancewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isgoing

B.hadbeen

C.wasabout

D.iscoming

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府即將同意采取廣泛監(jiān)督的手段吋，卻遭到了司法部的反對(duì)。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))。由關(guān)鍵詞“took”可知句子主調(diào)為過(guò)去時(shí),因此使用現(xiàn)在吋態(tài)的A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)排除。句意為“政府即將同意”,因此應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。

26.單選題

Organizedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenavitalcompaniontouniversitydegreecourse.Usuallyitisleftto（1）todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate'sresume,

（2）nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalizetheachievementsofstudentswho

（3）timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLUSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly

（4）jobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside（5）qualifications.

“Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunchbutwefoundthattheydidn't

（6）appreciatethevalueofwhattheydid（7）thelecturehall，”saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity.“Employersaremuchmore

（8）thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor（9）andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare（10）tothejob."

Studentswhosign（11）fortheawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceor（12）work,attendfourworkshopsonemployability-skill,takepartinanintensiveskill-relatedactivity,

（13）crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhavegained.

（14）effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho（15）bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLUSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsaccomplishments.

Theexperiencedoesnothavetobe（16）

organized."We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,'saysGoodman.“

（17）onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso（18）negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives.”

Goodmanhopesthe

（19）willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active

（20）

totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advisors

B