考研考博-英語-太原城市職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太原城市職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Aboutoneandahalfmillionyearsagotheclimateoftheworldbecamemuchcolder.ThisledtothecapsoficearoundtheNorthandSouth[A]Polesspreadingtocover[B]muchNorthAmericaandNorthernEurope.Suchperiodsofcoldclimatearecallediceages.Thewoollymammothlivedinnorthernpartsoftheworld[C]between300,000and100,000yearsago.ItwasafavouritepreyofStoneAgehunters,[D]whouseditscoatforclothes,andthemeatasfood.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Poles

B.much

C.between

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞用法。B選項(xiàng)much不能直接修飾地名，應(yīng)改為muchof。

2.單選題

In1957,adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalled“flu”ora“badcold”.Hetooksamplesfromthethroatsofpatientsandinhishospitalhewasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza.

Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypeAandB,eachofthemhavingseveralsubgroups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupAbuthedidnotknowthesubgroup.ThenhereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.A.W.H.O.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongofChina,whereabout15%-20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill.

AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamples,doctorsbeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfwithveryhighspeed,thevirushadgrownmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefultests,thedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsagainstalltheknownsubgroupsofvirustypeA.A.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.This,then,wassomethingnew,anewinfluenzavirus,againstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnohelpwhatever.

Havingfoundthevirustheywereworkingwith,thetwodoctorsnowdroppeditintothenosesofsomespeciallyselectedanimals,whichgetinfluenzaasmuchashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.D.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller.Scientists,likethegeneralpublic,callitsimplyAsianflu.

Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinmainlandChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries.VariousreportsshowedthattheinfluenzaoutbreakstartedinmainlandChina,probablyinFebruaryof1957.BythemiddleofMarchithadspreadalloverthemainland.D.TheviruswasfoundbyChinesedoctorsearlyinMarch.ButatthattimeChinawasnotamemberoftheWorldHealthOrganizationandthereforedidnotreportoutbreaksofdiseasetoit.Notuntiltwomonthslater,whentravelerscarriedthevirusintoHongKong,China,fromwhereitspreadtoSingapore,didthenewsoftheoutbreakreachtherestoftheworld.D.Bythistimeitwaswellstartedonitswayaroundtheworld.

Thereafter,WHO’sWeeklyReportsdescribedthesteadyspreadofthisgreatvirusoutbreak,whichwithinfourmonthssweptthrougheverycontinent.

1.TheoutbreakinHongKong,China,wasduetoavirusin

.

2.Whydidthetwodoctorsdropthefluintothenosesofanimals?

3.TheAsianfluvirus

.

4.Wherewastheflufirstfound?

5.Whendidthevirusreachtherestoftheworld?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anewsubgroupofGroupA

B.anoldsubgroupofGroupA

C.anewsubgroupofGroupB

D.anoldsubgroupofGroupB

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Todecideonthevirusname

B.Toseehowitcanaffecttheanimals

C.Tofindthechannelofthevirusspread

D.Totestthespeedandeffectofvirusreproduction

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.wasakiller

B.wasveryweak

C.couldreproduceveryquickly

D.diedveryfast

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.InHongKong,China

B.InSingapore

C.InmainlandChina

D.Notmentioned

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.InFebruary

B.BeforeMarch

C.InApril

D.AfterMay

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句話WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupAbuthedidnotknowthesubgroup可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句話提到在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，疾病的常見癥狀出現(xiàn)了。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，這種新病毒很容易感染，但它不是致命病毒（Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller），由此可知實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了測(cè)試病毒的傳播和再生的速度。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章第四段提到醫(yī)生用動(dòng)物來做實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)這類病毒再生速度非?？欤↖nashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared），由此可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第五段第一句話提到這種病毒在其他國家出現(xiàn)之前，最早在中國大陸出現(xiàn)（Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinmainlandChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章第五段提到這種病毒最早是在中國大陸出現(xiàn)，時(shí)間是大約1957年2月份，而被醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)是在三月份，兩個(gè)月后通過旅行者傳播到了中國香港，然后再傳染到新加坡，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

IfJack（）,hewouldnothaveboughtthoseworthlessstocks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldhavelistenedtohiswife

B.hadlistenedtohiswife

C.listenedtowhathiswifehadsaid

D.wouldhavelistenedtohiswife’sadvice

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，if從句動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。符合語法的只有C項(xiàng)“l(fā)istenedtowhathiswifehadsaid”（聽他妻子說了些什么）。句意：如果杰克……，他就不會(huì)買那些毫無價(jià)值的股票了，結(jié)合句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Thechemicalformulaofdeoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)isnowwellestablished.Themoleculeisaverylongchain,thebackboneofwhichconsistsofaregularalternationofsugarandphosphategroups.Toeachsugarisattachedanitrogenousbase,whichcanbeoffourdifferenttypes.Twoofthepossiblebases—adenineandguanine—arepurines,andtheothertwo—thymineandcytosine—arepyrimidines.Soareasisknown,thesequenceofbasesalongthechainisirregular.Themonomerunit,consistingofphosphate,sugarandbase,isknownasanucleotide.

Thefirstfeatureofourstructurewhichisofbiologicalinterestisthatitconsistsnotofonechain,butoftwo.Thesetwochainsarebothcoiledaroundacommonfiberaxis.Ithasoftenbeenassumedthatsincetherewasonlyonechaininthechemicalformulatherewouldonlybeoneinthestructuralunit.However,thedensity,takenwiththeX-rayevidence,suggestsverystronglythattherearetwo.

Theotherbiologicallyimportantfeatureisthemannerinwhichthetwochainsareheldtogether.Thisisdonebyhydrogenbondsbetweenthebases.Thebasesarejoinedtogetherinpairs,asinglebasefromonechainbeinghydrogen-bondedtoasinglebasefromtheother.Theimportantpointisthatonlycertainpairsofbaseswillfitintothestructure.Onememberofapairmustbeapurineandtheotherapyrimidineinordertobridgebetweenthetwochains.Ifapairconsistedoftwopurines,forexample,therecouldnotberoomforit.

Webelievethatthebaseswillbepresentalmostentirelyintheirmostprobableforms.Ifthisistrue,theconditionsforforminghydrogenbondsaremorerestrictive,andtheonlypairsofbasespossibleare:adeninewiththymine,andguaninewithcytosine.Adenine,forexample,canoccuroneitherchain;butwhenitdoes,itspartnerontheotherchainmustalwaysbethymine.

Thephosphate-sugarbackboneofourmodeliscompletelyregular,butanysequenceofthepairsofbasescanfitintothestructure.Itfollowsthatinalongmoleculemanydifferentpermutationsarepossible,anditthereforeseemslikelythattheprecisesequenceofbasesisthecodewhichcarriesthegeneticalinformation.Iftheactualorderofthebasesononeofthepairofchainsweregiven,onecouldwritedowntheexactorderofthebasesontheotherone,becauseofthespecificpairing.Thus,onechainis,asifwere,thecomplementoftheother,anditisthisfeaturewhichsuggestshowthedeoxyribonucleicacidmoleculemightduplicateitself.

1.Theauthorsusetheword“backbone”(underlinedin1thand5thparagraphs)toindicatethat（

）.

2.Inthesecondparagraph,whatdotheauthorsclaimtobeafeatureofbiologicalinterest?

3.Basedonthepassage,theauthors’statement“Ifapairconsistedoftwopurines,forexample,therewouldnotberoomforit”(italicized)impliesthatpair

（

）.

4.Theauthors9useofthewords“exact,”“specific,”and“complement”blackenedinthefinalparagraphfunctionsmainlyto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onlyverylongchainsofDNAcanbetakenfromanorganismwithaspinalcolumn

B.themainstructureofachaininaDNAmoleculeiscomposedofrepeatingunits

C.achaininaDNAmoleculeconsistsentirelyofphosphategroupsorofsugars.

D.nitrogenousbasesformthemainstructuralunitofDNA

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.DNAconsistingoftwochains.

B.Thecommonfiberaxis.

C.TheX-rayevidence.

D.ThechemicalformulaofDNA

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ofpurineswouldbelargerthanthespacebetweenasugarandaphosphategroup

B.ofpurineswouldbelargerthanapairconsistingofapurineandapyrimidine

C.ofpyrimidineswouldbelargerthanapairofpurines

D.consistingofapurineandapyrimidinewouldbelargerthanapairofpyrimidine

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.confirmthatthenucleotidesequencesareknownformostmoleculesofDNA

B.countertheclaimthatthesequencesofbasesalongachaincanoccurinanyorder

C.supporttheclaimthatthephosphate-sugarbackboneoftheauthor’smodeliscompletelyregular

D.emphasizehowonechainofDNAmayserveastemplatetobecopiedduringDNAreplication

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第一段中Themoleculeisaverylongchain,thebackboneofwhichconsistsofaregularalternationofsugarandphosphategroups.DNA分子是一個(gè)非常長的鏈條，其支柱由糖和磷酸基有規(guī)律的交替組合構(gòu)成。與第五段中Thephosphate-sugarbackboneofourmodeliscompletelyregular,butanysequenceofthepairsofbasescanfitintothestructure.我們?nèi)祟惖腄NA分子模式的磷酸糖支柱完全是有規(guī)律的，不過成對(duì)的含氮堿基的任何排序都可以納入該結(jié)構(gòu)?？芍cB選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段中的“Thefirstfeatureofourstructurewhichisofbiologicalinterestisthatitconsistsnotofonechain,butoftwo.”在生物學(xué)研究方面我們?nèi)祟怐NA結(jié)構(gòu)令人感興趣的第一個(gè)特征是它由兩個(gè)鏈條而不是一個(gè)鏈條組成。可知與A項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。

3.判斷推理題。從第三段中“Thebasesarejoinedtogetherinpairs,asinglebasefromonechainbeinghydrogen-bondedtoasinglebasefromtheother.Theimportantpointisthatonlycertainpairsofbaseswillfitintothestructure.Onememberofapairmustbeapurineandtheotherapyrimidineinordertobridgebetweenthetwochains.”這些堿基成對(duì)地聯(lián)結(jié)在一起，一條鏈上的一個(gè)堿基與另一條鏈上的一個(gè)堿基氫鍵連接。重要的一點(diǎn)是，只有某些對(duì)堿基才能適合這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。一對(duì)中的一個(gè)成員必須是嘌呤，另一個(gè)是嘧啶，以架起兩個(gè)鏈之間的溝通橋梁?？芍狟項(xiàng)“由嘌呤和嘧啶組成的比一對(duì)嘧啶大”正確。

4.推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)“證實(shí)大多數(shù)DNA分子的核苷酸序列是已知的”；B項(xiàng)“反對(duì)這樣一種說法，即沿著鏈的堿基序列可以以任何順序出現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)“支持作者模型的磷酸鹽-糖骨架是完全規(guī)則的這一說法”；D項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)一條DNA鏈?zhǔn)侨绾卧贒NA復(fù)制過程中作為模板被復(fù)制的”定位到最后一段中“...itisthisfeaturewhichsuggestshowthedeoxyribonucleicacidmoleculemightduplicateitself.正是這種特征表明脫氧核糖核酸分子（DNA）可以自我復(fù)制?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Themeetingwas（

）bytheNationalAssociationofWomenforthepurposeoffurtheringthewomen’sliberationmovement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.chaired

B.sponsored

C.participated

D.assigned

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。chair意為“擔(dān)任（會(huì)議、討論等的）主席，主持（會(huì)議、討論等）”；sponsor意為“贊助（活動(dòng)、節(jié)目）等，主辦，舉辦”；participate意為“參加，參與”；assign意為“分派，選派，分配”。

句意：會(huì)議由全國婦女協(xié)會(huì)主辦，目的是促進(jìn)婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)。

6.單選題

Hefinallyagreedtosigntheagreementwithus,butwithsome（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recurrence

B.rejection

C.reluctance

D.refutation

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。recurrence循環(huán)，重現(xiàn)rejection拒絕，抑制；reluctance勉強(qiáng)，不情愿；refutation反駁，駁斥。句意：他最終同意與我們簽訂協(xié)議，但有些不情愿。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.

Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.

Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?

2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.

3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare

（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith

（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereissuedbythegovernment

B.Theyweregivenstandardvalues

C.Theywereallofequalpurity

D.Theywereallalikeinshape

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.scarcity

C.value

D.age

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.handmadeWesterncoins

B.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtoday

C.madeoutofdifferentmetals

D.notedfortheircraftsmanship

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoins

B.theartisticaspectofcoinmaking

C.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcentury

D.theproductionofuniformcoins

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoins

B.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoins

C.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoins

D.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesusprovidethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.（克里薩斯國王統(tǒng)治時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的具有相關(guān)價(jià)值的純金和銀幣，為國家當(dāng)局提供了第一個(gè)毫無疑問的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鑄幣證據(jù)）可知A、B、C的選項(xiàng)正確，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）和第二段中的ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.（來自希臘庫扎的銀質(zhì)硬幣鑄造于公元前413年，被認(rèn)為是希臘最好的硬幣之一，價(jià)值超過1000美元）可知提到了這個(gè)銀幣的不足、價(jià)值以及年齡，因此選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段句首提到Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.（然而，人們不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為只有機(jī)器制造的硬幣才是有價(jià)值的），緊接著以theSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantaler舉例，是為了說明手工制作的硬幣具有很大的價(jià)值，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury（事實(shí)上，完全數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)稱的趨勢(shì)直到十六世紀(jì)萊昂納多?達(dá)?芬奇發(fā)明的印壓機(jī)才開始）可知B選項(xiàng)“硬幣制作的工藝”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬幣在形狀大小存在不足，機(jī)械制造出來的銀幣其形狀大小是統(tǒng)一的，因此選B。

8.單選題

She’salwaysbeenkindtome—Ican’tjustturn（）onhernowthatsheneedsmyhelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.myback

B.myhead

C.myeye

D.myshoulder

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。turnone’sbackon為固定搭配，意為“不理會(huì)……，不肯給予……幫助”。句意：句意：她對(duì)我一直很好，現(xiàn)在她需要我的幫助，我不能不管。由搭配和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Therearethreeimportantcausesofinflation.Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending.Forexample,inorderto（1）awaror（2）socialprograms,thegovernmentmayspendmoremoneythanithasreceivedthroughtaxesandotherrevenue,thuscreatingadeficit.Inorderto（3）thisdeficit,theTreasuryDepartmentcansimply（4）themoneysupplybyissuingmorepapermoneytoreturnthedebtsofthegovernment.Thisincreaseinthemoneysupplywillcausethevalueofthedollarto（5）decrease.Thesecondcauseofinflationwilloccurwhenthemoneysupplyincreasesfasterthanthesupplyofgoods.Ifpeoplehavemoremoney,theywillrunouttobuypopulargoodsliketelevisionandcomputers,forexample,andashortagewillbetheresult,industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices,to（6）thedemand,（7）ifpeoplethinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup,theywillbuyandevenborrowmoneyathigh（8）ratestopayforthem.Finally,iflaborunionsdemandthatworkers'wages（9）tosuitthehighcostofliving,industrywillmeetthisdemandandaddothercostsofproductiononthe（10）.Ofthesethreecauses,excessivegovernmentspendingmaybethemostimportant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pay

B.finance

C.rouse

D.provide

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.carryoff

B.carryaway

C.carryout

D.carry,over

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.accomplish

B.offset

C.compensate

D.achieve

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.expand

B.extend

C.expend

D.offend

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.excessively

B.automatically

C.approximately

D.appropriately

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.supply

B.imply

C.occupy

D.meet

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.Otherwise

B.Hence

C.However

D.Moreover

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.interests

B.interested

C.interesting

D.interest

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.shouldincrease

B.beincreased

C.areincreased

D.willbeincreased

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.employer

B.manager

C.employee

D.consumer

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:D

【解析】（1）根據(jù)句意可知,這里指資助戰(zhàn)爭,只有選項(xiàng)B能與之搭配。

（2）carryoff奪去,使喪命；carryaway運(yùn)走,使失去自制力；carryout實(shí)施,執(zhí)行；carryover留到以后處理,繼續(xù)存在。能與社會(huì)項(xiàng)目搭配的只有選項(xiàng)C。

（3）offsetthedeficit為固定搭配,指“彌補(bǔ)財(cái)政赤字”,選項(xiàng)B正確。

（4）根據(jù)句意：財(cái)政部可以通過發(fā)行更多的紙幣,簡單地?cái)U(kuò)大貨幣供應(yīng),以此來償還政府的債務(wù)來。只有選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（5）excessively過分地,極度；automatically自動(dòng)地；approximately大約,近似地；appropriately適當(dāng)?shù)?相稱地”。句意：貨幣供應(yīng)量的增加將使美元隨之貶值。這種變化是無意識(shí)的,所以選項(xiàng)B更恰當(dāng)。

（6）meetthedemand為固定搭配,指“滿足需求”,選項(xiàng)D正確。

（7）結(jié)合上下文,上句提到如果人們有更多的錢就會(huì)擴(kuò)大消費(fèi),導(dǎo)致物資缺乏,工廠會(huì)擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn),提高價(jià)格來滿足需求；下句提到如果人們看到商品價(jià)格上漲也會(huì)買,甚至不惜借高利貸來支付。下句講述更深一層的結(jié)果,前后構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（8）interestrates為常用詞組搭配,意為“利率”,選項(xiàng)D正確。

（9）考查虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣中與將來事實(shí)相反,從句中用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,且should可以省略。這里wages與increase是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（10）根據(jù)句意可知,企業(yè)提高工人工資,將產(chǎn)品成本轉(zhuǎn)移到了顧客也就是消費(fèi)者的身上,選項(xiàng)D符合原文語境。

10.單選題

Failureisprobablythemostfatiguingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoreexhaustingthannotsucceeding,beingblocked,notmovingahead.Itisanevilcircle.Failurebreedsfatigue,andfatiguemakesithardertogettowork,whichaddstothefatigue.

Weexperiencethistirednessintwomainways,asstart-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskthatweareforcedtotakeup.Eitherbecauseitistootediousorbecauseitistoodifficult,weavoidit.Andthelongerwepostponeit,themoretiredwefeel.

Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenriotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.Theremedyisobvious,thoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:Willpowerexercise.（43）ThemomentIfindmyselfturningawayfromajob,orputtingitunderapileofthingsIhavetodo,Iclearmydeskofeverythingelseandattacktheobjectionableitemfirst.Topreventstart-upfatigue,alwaystreatthemostdifficultjobfirst.

Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Herewearewillingtogetstarted,butwecan'tseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappeartobeinsurmountableandhoweverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Themountingexperienceoffailurecarrieswithitanever-increasingburdenofmentalfatigue.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan,thenlettheunconscioustakeover.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbecalledanevilcircle?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whenkeepingputtingoffatask,wecanexperience（）.

3.Toovercomestartupfatigue,weneed（）.

4.Theword,“insurmountable”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Success-zeal-success-zeal.

B.Failure-tiredness-failure-tiredness.

C.Failure-zeal-failure-tiredness.

D.Success-exhaustion-success-exhaustion.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tiredness

B.performancefatigue

C.start-upfatigue

D.unconsciousness

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.toughness

B.prevention

C.muscles

D.willpower

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thatcannotbesolved

B.thatcannotbeunderstood

C.thatcannotbeimagined

D.thatcannotbeobjected

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itiseasiertoovercomestart-upfatigue.

B.Performancefatigueoccurswhenthejobwearewillingtotakegetsblocked.

C.Onewillfinallysucceedafterexperiencingtheevilcircle.

D.Failureoftenaccompaniesfatigue.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。由關(guān)鍵詞evilcircle定位到第一段itisanevilcircle.Failurebreedsfatigue,andfatiguemakesithardertogettowork,whichaddstothefatigue.這是一個(gè)惡性循環(huán)。失敗會(huì)導(dǎo)致疲勞，而疲勞會(huì)使你更難去工作，這就增加了疲勞?？芍狟項(xiàng)“失敗-疲勞-失敗-疲勞”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段Weexperiencethistirednessintwomainways,asstart-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskthatweareforcedtotakeup.Eitherbecauseitistootediousorbecauseitistoodifficult,weavoidit.Andthelongerwepostponeit,themoretiredwefeel.們主要通過兩種方式來體驗(yàn)這種疲勞:啟動(dòng)疲勞和表現(xiàn)疲勞。在前一種情況下，我們總是拖延不得不做的事情。要么因?yàn)樗珕握{(diào)乏味，要么因?yàn)樗y，我們都避免它。我們拖延的時(shí)間越長，我們就會(huì)感到越累?？芍?dāng)一個(gè)人一直拖延一項(xiàng)任務(wù)時(shí)，他經(jīng)歷的是啟動(dòng)性疲勞。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Theremedyisobvious,thoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:Willpowerexercise.補(bǔ)救措施顯而易見，盡管可能不容易實(shí)施:意志力鍛煉。可知為了克服啟動(dòng)性疲勞，我們需要的是意志力。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4.詞義題。Itsdifficultiesappeartobeinsurmountableandhoweverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.and并列連詞，and前后表示的內(nèi)容性質(zhì)一致，故可由and后面的內(nèi)容來推知前面，and后面的內(nèi)容是“不管我們多么努力，我們一次又一次地失敗?！惫蔵nsurmountable意為不可克服的，不可跨越的，A項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第四段Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Herewearewillingtogetstarted,butwecan'tseemtodothejobright.表現(xiàn)疲勞更難克服。這種情況下我們?cè)敢忾_始，但是我們似乎不能把工作做好。可知AB兩項(xiàng)正確。由第四段Themountingexperienceoffailurecarrieswithitanever-increasingburdenofmentalfatigue.失敗的經(jīng)驗(yàn)越來越多，精神疲勞的負(fù)擔(dān)也越來越重。以及Failurebreedsfatigue,andfatiguemakesithardertogettowork,whichaddstothefatigue.失敗會(huì)導(dǎo)致疲勞，而疲勞會(huì)使你更難去工作，這就增加了疲勞?？芍狣項(xiàng)“疲勞經(jīng)常伴隨著疲勞”符合本文描述。C選項(xiàng)Onewillfinallysucceedafterexperiencingtheevilcircle（一個(gè)人在經(jīng)歷了邪惡的循環(huán)之后，最終會(huì)成功）來自第一段，但第一段中并未提及“經(jīng)歷這個(gè)循環(huán)后就會(huì)成功”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

11.單選題

Harvardiscommittedto

ongoingcommunicationandcooperationasprojectplansare______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maintain,shaping

B.maintaining,shaping

C.maintain,shaped

D.maintaining,shaped

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞語辨析。句中存在一個(gè)固定表達(dá)becommittedto+n./doing“致力于；獻(xiàn)身于”，因此排除A和C選項(xiàng)。過去分詞表示已完成，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行。根據(jù)句意：哈佛大學(xué)致力于在項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃進(jìn)行過程中保持交流與合作。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Theymanagedto（）theenemy’ssecrettelegramandthuswereabletowinthevictory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decompose

B.decode

C.enlighten

D.enclose

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Decompose“分解，腐爛”；decode“解密，破譯”；enlighten“啟示”；enclose“圍繞，裝入”。句意：他們?cè)O(shè)法破譯了敵人的密電，從而贏得了勝利。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Ⅶ.(CivilandCommercialLaw)

Whenlegislators,policyanalysts,andopinionleadersdiscussfamilychangetheyusuallyfocusontwoissues:out-of-wedlockbirthsandfatherlessfamilies.Inmanycasestheydiscussthesetwoissuesasiftheywereidentical.Yetmorethanhalfofallfatherlessfamiliesarecreatedbydivorce,separation,death,orimprisonment,andnearlyhalfofallout-of-wedlockbirthsarenowtocohabitingfathersandmothers.Thesefactssuggestthatweneedtobemorepreciseaboutwhichchangesworryus.Americansworryaboutfamilychangeforatleastthreekindsofreasons,whichwewilllabeleconomic,developmental,andmoral.

Fromaneconomicperspective,themosttroublingfeatureoffamilychangehasbeenthespreadoffamiliesheadedbyasinglemotherwhoisnotlivingwithanotheradultwhohelpssupportherandherchildren.Singlemothersseldomcommandhighwages.Theyalsofinditunusuallydifficulttoworklonghours,sincetheymustalsocarefortheirchildren.Manygetverylittlechildsupportfromtheabsentfather,andevengenerouschildsupportpaymentsprovidelessmoneythanaresidentfatherwiththesameincomewouldnormallyprovide.Whilesinglemothersareeligibleforvariousformsofpublicassistance,neitherlegislatorsnorvotershavewantedtomakesuchassistanceatallgenerous,lestgenerosityencouragestillmorewomentoraisechildrenontheirown.Thespreadofsingle-motherfamilieshasthereforeplayedamajorroleinthepersistenceofpovertyintheUnitedStates.In1964,whenLyndonJohnsondeclaredawaronpoverty,only30percentofpoorfamilieswithchildrenwereheadedbysinglemothers.Sincethelate1970sthefigurehasbeenabout60percent.

NotallchildrenfromdisruptedfamilieslivewithwhattheEnglishcallalonemother,butotherlivingarrangementsarelesslikelytoleavechildreninpoverty.Motherswhodivorceandremarrytendtobeaboutaswelloffeconomicallyasmotherswhoremainmarriedtotheirchildren’sbiologicalfather.Unmarriedmotherswhocohabitwithaboyfriendalsotendtohavesignificantlyhigherhouseholdincomesthanthosewholiveontheirown,althoughitisnotclearhowmuchofthetypicalboyfriend’sincomeisavailabletosupportthemother’schildren.Andwhenunmarriedmotherslivewiththeirparentsorotherrelatives,theytoofacefewereconomicproblemsthanwhentheylivealone.Ifwearemainlyconcernedwithreducingchildpoverty,allthesealternativesreduceitsincidence.

DavidT.EllwoodandChristopherJencks:TheSpreadof

Single-ParentFamiliesintheUnitedStatessince1960

75.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothe1stparagraph?

76.Fromthe2ndparagraph,weknowthattheeconomicproblemofsingle-parentfamilyis___.

77.Whichofthefollowingsituationisnotmentionedincomparingwithalonemother?

78.Theunderlinedsentenceinthe2ndparagraphdoesNOTmeanthat___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Out-of-wedlockbirthisnottheonlycauseforsingle-parentfamilies.

B.Nearlyhalfofallout-of-wedlockbornebabiesarenowlivingwiththeirparents.

C.Lessthanhalfofallmotherlessfamiliesarecreatedbydivorce,separationordeath.

D.Out-of-wedlockbirthsandfatherlessfamiliesaretwoseparateissues.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.poverty

B.thelow-incomemother

C.lackofgovernmentassistance

D.lackofsupportfromthechild’sfather

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Motherswhodivorceandremarry.

B.Motherswhoremainmarriedtotheirchildren’sbiologicalfather.

C.Unmarriedmotherswhocohabitwithaboyfriend.

D.Unmarriedmotherslivewiththeirparents.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.morekidsofpoorfamiliesarelivinginsingle-parentfamiliesnow

B.morethanhalfofthepoorfamilieswithchildrenaresingle-parentfamilies

C.therateofpoorsingle-parentfamilieshasdoubledsincethelate1970s

D.thedivorceratehasdoubledsince1964

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】75.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段Yetmorethanhalfof