考研考博-英語-山東體育學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東體育學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

PresidentBushwarnedCongressonWednesdaythatinactiononhispushto_______SocialSecuritycouldbreedpoliticalrepercussions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accustom

B.formulate

C.overhaul

D.dismantle

【答案】C

【解析】accustom使習(xí)慣于；formulate用公式表示，明確地表達(dá)；overhaul檢查，革新；dismantle拆除，取消。句意：布什總統(tǒng)于星期三對國會發(fā)出警告，如果不支持他推動社會保險的全面改革可能會產(chǎn)生政治影響。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged（）howgreattheirachievementsare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspiteof

B.inwaysof

C.infavorof

D.intermsof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inspiteof盡管；infavorof有利于，支持；intermsof依據(jù)，按照，在…方面。許多科學(xué)家和工程師從他們所取得的成就來被評價，只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping（

）togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occasionally“偶爾地，偶然”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時地”；C選項(xiàng)eventually“最后，終于”；D選項(xiàng)promptly“迅速地，立即”。根據(jù)togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth（來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)）及句意可知A選項(xiàng)符合邏輯，表示捋頭發(fā)這個動作偶爾做。句意：在打字時，海倫有一個習(xí)慣，偶爾停下來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)。

4.單選題

Thephoto______happymemoriesofmyearlychildhood.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshes

B.bringstomind

C.stimulates

D.reminds

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)refresh“更新，消除”，B項(xiàng)bringtomind“使人想起”，C項(xiàng)stimulate“刺激，鼓舞”，D項(xiàng)remind“提醒，使想起”，remindsb.ofsth.表示“使某人想起某事”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞photo“照片”和happymemories“快樂回憶”可知，B選項(xiàng)更符合語境。句意：這張照片使我回憶起童年的快樂時光。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Hewasverypluckyindealingwiththeintruders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.timid

B.brave

C.shy

D.nervous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)timid“膽小的，羞怯的”，B項(xiàng)brave“勇敢的，無畏的，表現(xiàn)勇敢的”，C項(xiàng)shy“害羞的，畏縮的”，D項(xiàng)nervous“神經(jīng)的，緊張不安的”。句意：他在對付闖入者時非常勇敢。根據(jù)句意可知，plucky在句中表示“勇敢”。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

6.翻譯題

都市寸土千金，地價炒得越來越高，今后將更高。擁有一個小小花園的希望，對尋常之輩不啻一種奢望，一種夢想。

我想，其實(shí)誰都有一個小小的花園，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的智力需開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的，人和動物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界，心不過是人的一個重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的，每個人都無比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。但并非每個人都關(guān)注自己及至親至愛人的內(nèi)心世界的陰晴。

【答案】參考譯文：

Urbanspaceishighlyratedandthepricekeepssoaring.Thehopeforasmallgardenisluxuryforthecommonpeople.

However,Ithinkeveryonehasasmallgardenwithinourminds.Ourintelligenceneeddevelopment,sodoourinnerworld.Thedifferencebetweenhumansandanimals,inadditiontothewell-knownaspects,liesinourinnerworlds.Thephysicallyheartisonlyanimportantorganofhumanbeings,whiletheinnerworldisakindoflandscape,whichisgraduallyformedbythecontinuousactionoftheouterforces.Everyoneisextremelyconcernedaboutthehealthoflovedone’sheart,sothataslightdiseasewillmakehimanxiousalldaylong.Butnoteveryonepaysattentiontotheinnerworldoftheirbeloved.

7.單選題

NiagaraFallsisagreattourist（

）,drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attention

B.attraction

C.appointment

D.arrangement

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析題。attention注意力；attraction吸引人的事物；appointment任命，約定；arrangement安排，布置。

句意：尼亞加拉瀑布是一個著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，每年吸引數(shù)以百萬計的游客。只有選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

8.單選題

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMC),andRob

MeakinapersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms,professorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesandinsomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”

AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”

TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain.ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.”

1.WhatisthepurposeofE2course?

2.WhydoesBhattsaythat"e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain"?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoyouknowaboute-businessinBritain?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

5.Accordingtothatlastpassage,whatisBhatt’sattitudetowardse-commerce?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Teachelectronicengineeringmanagement.

B.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeacquaintedwithe-commerce.

C.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeengineersandmanagers.

D.Teachengineersandmanagersaboutdevelopingpartnership.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausemanybusinessleadershaveshowntheirinterestinthis.

B.Becauseitcanstrengthenthecompanies’competitiveness.

C.Becausemorepeoplewilllearne-commercestyle.

D.Becausenewinformationtechnologiescangreatlyimproveindustrialproductivity.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.E-businesshaseliminatedmanycompetitiverivals.

B.E-businesshasdonemanybenefitstobigcompanies

C.ManycompanieshavejoinedintheE-businessprogram.

D.E-businesshasgreatpotentialandwillmakechangesinthecountry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BritaincanbecompetitivetoUSintheareaofinformationtechnology.

B.Britainhasalreadytakentheadvantagesofrunningengineeringmanagement.

C.AswithmanyotherEuropeancountries,Britainhasmadeuseofcomputer-aidedsystems.

D.E-businesshasofferedopportunitiestoEuropeancountriestoeliminatethecompetitivenessgapwithalltherivals.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.HethinksitasapreciseopportunityonlytoBritain.

B.Hethinksthatitisnotasagoodopportunityaspeoplethink.

C.HethinksitisnotonlygoodforBritainbutalsoapreciseopportunityforothercountries.

D.Hedoesnotconsideritagoodopportunityinthelongrun.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate（建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系，培訓(xùn)工程師和管理人員成為精英）可知D選項(xiàng)“教工程師和經(jīng)理如何發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.（電子商務(wù)將使英國的第二次生產(chǎn)力革命成為可能。這可能會使經(jīng)濟(jì)接近消除與主要競爭對手的巨大競爭力差距）可知B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗梢栽鰪?qiáng)企業(yè)的競爭力”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.（英國從未將科技作為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的動力）可知D選項(xiàng)“電子商務(wù)有著巨大的潛力，并將在這個國家發(fā)生變化”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.（在過去五年中，由于信息技術(shù)，美國制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率提高了30%。在英國，我們可以取得更多成就，成功的電子商務(wù)將對英國經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來數(shù)十億美元的收益）可知A選項(xiàng)“在信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，英國可以比美國更有競爭力”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Themovetoglobalizebecauseofecommerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.（由于電子商務(wù)而走向全球化的步伐正在加快。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)允許英國工業(yè)超越歐洲同行，但它也為亞洲國家提供了超越西方的機(jī)會。這是第一次它不是西方世界的特權(quán)，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)技術(shù)是普遍的）可知C選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為這不僅對英國有利，而且對其他國家來說也是一個確切的機(jī)會”正確。

9.單選題

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”Philsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：誰編著了菲爾家答錄機(jī)里的這首詩？通過題干定位到文章第一段的第二句話Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine（他很喜歡他寫給學(xué)生的樣例，所以他將其錄入了家里的答錄機(jī)），這里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”，因此A選項(xiàng)“菲爾?貝爾菲奧爾”，符合題意。其他選項(xiàng)均不是答錄機(jī)里這首詩的作家。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：約翰首次呼叫菲爾的原因是他想要……？通過題干定位到文章第三段第二句話Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.（一位紳士為打錯電話而道歉。），第五段第三句話再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.（約翰的哥哥大衛(wèi)的電話號碼和菲爾家的僅差一個數(shù)字，所以打錯了電話），可以推斷出約翰本來想和他的哥哥打電話，因?yàn)榘村e了號碼打給了菲爾，因此C選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系他哥哥”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)怎么寫詩”，B選項(xiàng)“參加菲爾的生日宴會”和D選項(xiàng)“和他探討羅伯特這位詩人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：兩位男士談?wù)摰米疃嗟氖?通過題干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup…”（男人們談?wù)撟闱蚝图彝ァ斑@些年來，我們的談話慢慢變得越來越私人?！狈茽栒f?！拔覀冎饕?wù)摷s翰的健康和感情生活，還有我們的親戚、愛好和其他的……”），可知D選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動和家庭”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“故事和假期”；B選項(xiàng)“旅行和異國”；C選項(xiàng)“詩歌和文學(xué)”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干：關(guān)于約翰和菲爾，我們知道什么？A選項(xiàng)“他們是沒有見過面的最好的朋友”，由文章最后一段第一句話JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.（約翰和菲爾有過兩次見面計劃，但是情況都有變動。），可知他們從沒見面過，故A選項(xiàng)正確；B選項(xiàng)“他們都是對詩歌創(chuàng)作很有熱情的詩人”，D選項(xiàng)“他們都是喜歡長時間打電話的退伍軍人”文中提及菲爾是教師，約翰是退伍老兵，因此B，D選項(xiàng)錯誤；C選項(xiàng)“他們都是有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人”，文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句提及IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.（我認(rèn)為約翰是一位有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人），但是并沒有提及菲爾是否擅長講故事，C選項(xiàng)屬于原文的過度推斷，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother（

）hecouldspeakFrench.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sincethat

B.inthat

C.atthat

D.sothat

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)sincethat“從那以后”；B選項(xiàng)inthat“因?yàn)?，在于”；C選項(xiàng)atthat“而且，因此”；D選項(xiàng)sothat“以便”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知空格后面表示的是原因，因此選B。句意：Barry比他媽媽有優(yōu)勢，因?yàn)樗麜v法語。

11.單選題

Theirviewthatwomenarethenatural（）ofmoralityisnotmyview.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guardians

B.guards

C.guides

D.soldiers

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為，女人是道德的天然，但我不認(rèn)同。guardians守護(hù)者、保護(hù)人；guards守衛(wèi)、后衛(wèi)、護(hù)衛(wèi)隊(duì)、禁衛(wèi)軍；guides引導(dǎo)、向?qū)?；soldiers軍人。故選A。

12.單選題

Wehadamarvelousholiday;onlythelasttwodayswasslightly（）byweather.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。damaged“破壞”；enhanced“提高；加強(qiáng)”；spoiled“溺愛；糟蹋；破壞”；diminished“減少；縮小”，根據(jù)句子前后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知此處想表達(dá)的是最后兩天受到了天氣的不好影響，被破壞了，所以此處應(yīng)該從damaged與spoiled兩個中間選擇，damage主要是指事物的價值或功能部分受損，spoil除了有溺愛、寵壞、破壞的意思外，還指事物完整性、完美性或者整體感受的破壞，此處表達(dá)的是最后兩天由于壞的天氣的影響，使其完美性遭到破壞，所以應(yīng)該用spoil。句意：我們度過了一個十分愉快的假期，只有最后兩天稍微被天氣……了。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

13.單選題

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.Butinfactitcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothespreadofemployment?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"daunting"inthethirdparagraphmeans（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedasapossiblemeanstocopewiththecurrentsituation?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Employmentbecamewidespreadinthe17thand18thcenturies.

B.Unemploymentwillremainamajorproblemforindustrializednations.

C.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend.

D.Someeffortsandresourcesshouldbedevotedtohelpingmorepeoplecopewiththeproblemofunemployment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies.

B.Thedevelopmentoffactories.

C.Relieffromhouseworkonthepartofwomen.

D.Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolledbelievethattheproblemofunemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftime

B.manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysandfactorieswerebeingconstructed

C.inpre-industrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunityserviceweremainlycarriedoutbywomen

D.someofthechangesinworkpatternsthattheindustrialagebroughthavebeenreversed

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shocking

B.interesting

C.confusing

D.stimulating

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Createsituationsinwhichpeopleworkforthemselves.

B.Treatemploymentasthenorm.

C.Endeavortorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodascentersofproduction.

D.Encouragepeopletoworkincircumstancesotherthannormalworkingconditions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)“就業(yè)在17和18世紀(jì)變得廣泛?！?，B項(xiàng)“失業(yè)仍將是工業(yè)化國家的一個主要問題。”，C項(xiàng)“工業(yè)時代可能即將結(jié)束?！保@三個選項(xiàng)均為文章中所闡述的一個細(xì)節(jié)，而非主旨；D項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該做出一些努力、提供一些資源，幫助更多的人處理失業(yè)問題”，文章最后一段提到“Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.現(xiàn)在當(dāng)然是時候把一些努力和資源從為所有人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會的理想目標(biāo)上轉(zhuǎn)移到幫助許多沒有全職工作的人也能生活的緊急實(shí)用任務(wù)上來”可推斷D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“十七和十八世紀(jì)的圈地”，文章第四段第一句有提到，B項(xiàng)“工廠的發(fā)展”，D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代交通工具的發(fā)展”，文章第四段第二、三句有提到這兩個選項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)“婦女家務(wù)活減少”在原文中沒有提及，故選C項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受調(diào)查的人認(rèn)為，失業(yè)問題可能不會在短時間內(nèi)得到解決”，文章第一段提到“Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.“民意調(diào)查現(xiàn)在開始顯示，不管是誰，不管從現(xiàn)在開始發(fā)生什么，高失業(yè)率可能會繼續(xù)存在?！笨赏茢郃項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“許多農(nóng)民在修建新鐵路和工廠時失去了土地”，文章第四段第一句提到“很多人在17至18世紀(jì)的圈地運(yùn)動時失去土地”，故B不正確；C項(xiàng)“在前工業(yè)化時期，家務(wù)和社區(qū)服務(wù)主要由婦女進(jìn)行”，文章倒數(shù)第三段第二句提到“Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.在前工業(yè)化時期，男人和女人分擔(dān)家庭和農(nóng)村公社的生產(chǎn)工作”可推斷“mainlycarriedoutbywomen”與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“工業(yè)時代帶來的工作模式的一些變化已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)”，文章第三段提到“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.工業(yè)時代現(xiàn)在可能即將結(jié)束，它所帶來的一些工作模式的變化不得不被倒過來”可推斷D項(xiàng)中“havebeenreversed已經(jīng)被倒過來”不正確，故選A。

4.詞匯題。A項(xiàng)“可怕的”；B項(xiàng)“有趣的”；C項(xiàng)“令人困惑的”；D項(xiàng)“刺激的”。文章第三段提到“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.工業(yè)時代現(xiàn)在可能即將結(jié)束，它所帶來的一些工作模式的變化不得不被倒過來”可推斷“Thisseemsadauntingthought.這似乎是一個…想法”daunting為“這種想法是令人害怕或生畏的”最符合題意，故選A。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造為自己工作的條件”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?我們難道不應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件讓我們中的很多人為自己工作而不是為雇主嗎？”可知A項(xiàng)有被建議。C項(xiàng)“努力恢復(fù)以家庭和鄰里為生產(chǎn)中心的模式”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?我們難道不應(yīng)該把家庭、社區(qū)、工廠和辦公室作為生產(chǎn)和工作的中心來振興嗎？”可知C項(xiàng)有被建議；D項(xiàng)“鼓勵人們在正常工作條件以外的情況下工作”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?我們難道不應(yīng)該支持很多方式讓有自尊心的人去工作嗎？”可知D項(xiàng)有被建議；B項(xiàng)“視就業(yè)為常態(tài)”，文章第二段中“Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)將就業(yè)當(dāng)成慣例？”從作者的語氣中可推斷“將就業(yè)當(dāng)成常態(tài)”沒有被建議，故選B。

14.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowwellhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttorulersbyancientwriters,whorelatedhowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregiventoChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.Theparableofthissemi-animal,semi-humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnatures,andthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andwhenthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist,ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbegood;butastheyarebad;andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegitimategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthemselvestobedeceived.

1.Theauthorofthepassagedoesnotbelievethat（

）.

2.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare

（

）.

3.Thefox,inthispassage,is

（

）.

4.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust

（

）.

5.Thewriterwouldapproveanunsuccessfulpoliticalcandidate（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplecanprotectthemselves

B.thetruthmakesmenfree

C.leadershavetobeconsistent

D.princesatehuman

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toiltrusting

B.strongandcareful

C.reliantonforce

D.lackinginintelligence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhistrick

D.consideredworthless

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.tellthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.gaveupallhisopportunities

B.promisedtotryagainnexttime

C.overthrewthegovernmentbyforce

D.toldthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者不認(rèn)為……”。文章提到有兩種方式來戰(zhàn)斗，一是法律，即文斗，一是暴力，即武斗。并且用狐貍來比喻文斗，獅子比喻武斗，而一個成功的王子必須在這兩種方法中自由切換，但是并沒有提及到“吃人”，因此選項(xiàng)D“王子吃人”的說法是錯誤的，符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“獅子代表的是哪類人”。文章提到“王子應(yīng)該學(xué)會像野獸一樣管理國家，要模仿狐貍和獅子，因?yàn)楠{子無法避免陷阱，而狐貍無法從狼群中脫身”（Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves），獅子代表的是力量，即武斗，因此選項(xiàng)C“依賴武力”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“文章中狐貍是……”。文章提到管理者必須要學(xué)會文斗與武斗，狐貍代表的是文斗，可知作者對狐貍是贊賞的，因此選項(xiàng)A“因它的計謀而受到贊賞”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者暗示一個成功的統(tǒng)治者應(yīng)該……”。文章提到“當(dāng)守誠信會讓自己的利益受損時，精明的統(tǒng)治者可以不講誠信”（Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest），因此選項(xiàng)B“欺騙與撒謊”符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是“作者會贊成一個失敗的政治候選人……”。文章提到“當(dāng)文斗行不通的時候，人們會選擇第二種方式，即武斗”（butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond），選項(xiàng)C“用武力推翻政府”符合題意。

15.單選題

Facedwiththe______difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.innocent

D.intangible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)satisfactory“滿意的”；B項(xiàng)attributable“可歸于……的、可歸屬的”；C項(xiàng)innocent“無辜的、無罪的”；D項(xiàng)intangible“無形的、觸摸不到的”；句意：面對無形的困難，他們決心把計劃進(jìn)行下去。因此該題D項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Adrunkmanwalkedin,（）bothinappearanceandodor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.repulsive

B.reluctant

C.reproachful

D.reputed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)repulsive“排斥的，令人厭惡的”；B選項(xiàng)reluctant“不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的”；C選項(xiàng)reproachful“責(zé)備的，申斥的”；D選項(xiàng)reputed“馳名的，普遍認(rèn)為的，名譽(yù)好的”。句意：一個醉漢進(jìn)來了，他的出現(xiàn)以及身上的味道都讓人覺得厭惡。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Whenthecrowdsawthemoviestaronthestreet,shoutsandcheers（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokethrough

B.brokeup

C.brokeforth

D.brokeoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。breakthrough“突破”；breakup“分手，打碎”；breakforth“噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)”；breakoff“暫停”。句意：當(dāng)人們在路上看到電影明星時，歡呼聲爆發(fā)了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Thesceneissobeautifulthatit（）mypowerofdescription.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transports

B.transfers

C.transcends

D.transforms

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)transport“運(yùn)送”，B項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”，C項(xiàng)transcend“勝過，超越”，D項(xiàng)transform“改變，轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意：這景色是如此美麗，我無法用語言來形容。根據(jù)句意，該題選C正確。

19.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heorsheaskstheassembledcrowdintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”，forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfigures,andfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods.Forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalle