新高考英語一輪總復習提能練（八）必修2UNIT3COMPUTERS

高考提能練（八）必修2Unit3ComputersI.閱讀理解（2021?山東省部分重點中學考試）LovethewayyouwalkTOC\o"1-5"\h\zListencarefullytothefootsteps,andyoucanworkoutwhoiswalking.Thefeaturescommonlyusedtoidentifypeoplearefacesandfingerprints.Butthewaytheywalkisalsoagiveaway.Researchershaveusedvideocamerasandcomputerstoanalyzepeople^gaitsC步^＞）.Buttranslatingsuchknowledgeintoapracticalidentificationsystemcanbetricky.Camerasareoftenvisible,ullyhavebeenlookingforabetterwaytorecognizegaits.Theiranswer：pressure-sensitivemats.Suchmatsarenothingnew.Theyhavebeenpartofsecuritysystems.ButOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.Theresearchersturntoanartificialintelligencesystemtorecognizesuchpatterns.Inastudyin2018,theytestedthesystemonadatabaseoffootstepsofl27people.Theyfounditserrorrateinidentifyingwhowaswhowasamere0.7%.AndScullysaysevenwithoutadatabaseoffootsteps,thesystemcandeterminesomeone'ssexandasubjectsage.Oneapplicationofthemat-basedgait-recognitionsystemmightbeinhealthcare,particularlyfortheelderly.Amatplacedinanursinghomeoranoldperson^ownresidencecouldmonitorchangesinanindividuarsgaitthatindicatecertainillnesses.Thatwouldprovideearlywarningofsomeonebeingatgreaterriskoffallingover.Gaitanalysismightalsobeusedasasecuritymeasureintheworkplace,monitoringaccesstorestrictedareas,suchaspartsofmilitarybases,serverfarmsorlaboratoriesdealingwithdangerousmaterials.Perhapsthemostinterestinguseofthemats,though,wouldbeinpublicplaces,suchasairports.語篇解讀臉和指紋常被用來識別人，其實人們走路的方式也可以用來識別人。本文介紹了通過人的步態(tài)識別人的“壓力感應墊”的工作原理以及使用前景等。WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2?.Researchequipment.B.Researchbackground.C.Researchassumptions.D.Researchfindings.B［考查段落大意。通讀第二段可知，該段說明研究人員使用過攝像機和電腦來分析人們的步態(tài)，但由于受光線和視線等因素的影響，攝像機使用很不方便。因此Dr.Ozanyan和Dr.Scully帶領(lǐng)的團隊一直在尋找一種更好的步態(tài)識別方法，并給出答案：壓力感應墊。據(jù)此可知，第二段介紹了“壓力感應墊”的研究背景，故B項正確。］.Whatisthematusedfor?A.Collectingdata.B.Ensuringsafety.C.Determiningage.D.Analyzingpressure.A［考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第三句"ButOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit”可知，當人們走過時，這種墊子可以記錄在不同地方施加的壓力數(shù)據(jù)；據(jù)此可知，墊子是用來搜集壓力數(shù)據(jù)的，故A項正確。］.Whatmightthegait-recognitionsystembeappliedto?A?Monitoringsecurityworkprogress.B.Detectingpotentialhealthproblems.C?Keepingtrackoftravellingfrequency.D?Wamingpassengersofpossibledangers.B［考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)尾段，尤其是該段第二、三句可知，這種墊子用在養(yǎng)老院或老人家里可以監(jiān)測老人步態(tài)變化，從而為人們提供某些疾病的早期預警，故B項正確。］.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A?Tocomparedifferentwaystoidentifypeople.Toshowpeopletheimportanceoftechnology.C?Topersuadepeopletobuythemat.D.Toinformpeopleofsomethingaboutpressure-sensitivemats.D［考查寫作目的。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一種通過人的步態(tài)來識別人的“壓力感應墊”；文章重點介紹了“壓力感應墊”的工作原理以及使用前景等。據(jù)此可知，D項正確。］II.七選五（2020?南昌市高三一模）WhyWalkinginNatureMakesYouaBetterWorker?WeYebusyatwork,distracted（注意力分散的）bytechnologyandoftenliveinurbanenvironmentsfarfromwildspaces.—］.TheaverageAmerican,forexample，spendsabout90%oftheirlifeindoors.Butwhathappensifwemaketimeforanhouroutsideeachday?2?You'llhavetogooutforawalk,whichisbeneficialifmostofyourdayinvolvessittinginfrontofascreen.Researchshowsshortbreakscanimproveworkenthusiasm,andaquickbreakinnaturallightwilldeliverashotofvitaminD.Therearealsoalotofmentalbenefitswhenyouareinnatureyouarehappyandyourbraincanmakesenseoflife/'Whenpeoplearealloutinnature,eveninurbannature,peopletendtohavemorepositiveemotionandenergythanwhentheyareindoors.—3,saidLisaNisbet,associateprofessoratCanada^TrentUniversity.Theideathatnatureisgoodforushasbeengaininggroundssincethe1980s.4.Afterwards,shinrin-yoku,theJapaneseconcept，whichisthepracticeoftakingashort，leisurelyvisittoaforestforhealthbenefits,followedthat.Researchersofshinrin-yokuhavesincefoundplentyofphysicalandmentalbenefits,whileglobalstudiessuggestspendingtimeinnaturecan,forexample，restoreourabilitytofocus，increaseourcreativity,andevenhelpuslivelonger.Ofcourse,manyofusliveincitieswithnoreadyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness.5?Variousstudieshaveshownthatgreenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects.A?Wealsodon'tgetoutmuchB-Butitdoesn'thavetobeaforestPeoplecangettoaforestforahikeD?Inotherwords,peoplearehappierinnatureTherearesomeobviousbenefitswhenbeingoutsideGreenandbluespacesarebetterthanbusycitystreetsFirstcamethetheorythathumanshaveabasicdesiretobeconnectedwithnature語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。到戶外走走，而不是一直待在室內(nèi)，對人們的身體和精神健康大有裨益。A［根據(jù)空后一句TheaverageAmerican,forexample,spendsabout90%oftheirlifeindoorsn可知，普通的美國人90%的時間都是在室內(nèi)度過的，由此可推知，A項符合語境。］E［本空是段首句，與下一段的首句“Therearealsoalotofmentalbenefits...canmakesenseoflife”呼應，并結(jié)合對本段內(nèi)容的整體理解可知，本段主要講述了出去走走的一些明顯的益處，所以E項與語境相符。］D［本段表述大自然對人的精神健康有益。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合空前的“peopletendtohavemorepositiveemotionandenergythanwhentheyareindoors”可推知，D項“換句話說，人們在大自然中更開心”與此處匹配。］G［根據(jù)空后一句uAfterwards,shinrin-yoku,theJapaneseconcept...followedthat,,可推知，該空陳述的應是與大自然對人類有益的理論或概念相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，選項G的內(nèi)容與空處相符，所以選G項。］B［空處承上啟下。B選項中的“itdoesn'thavetobeaforest”與空前一句中的“withnoreadyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness”相銜接，且與空后一句中的“greenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects”相呼應，所以選B項。］川.完形填空（2021?日照市高三第一次校際聯(lián)合考試）WehavelivedinthishouseinArizonaforafewyearsnow.Inourj^thereisaswimmingpoolandtwotreesthataretallerthanthehouse.Thefirstspringwewereherewe2whatwastobecomeacommonphenomenon.Thereisaperiodofseveralweekswhenbabybirdsfallfromthetreesand3inourbackyardeveryyear.Mostofthetimetheyarestrongand4andjustneedafewdaystolearntofly.Atfirstwehadtofrightenourcatsanddogawayasthey5thebirds.Perhaps,ourpetsthoughttheselittle6weretoysforthemtoplaywith.Wequickly2thatourbackyardwasnoplaceforbiggeranimalsduringthis8timeforthelittlebirdstolearntofly.Everyspring,whenourdogandcatswanttotakea9inthebackyard,weletthedogoutonlvinthefrontvaidandthecats10indoors.Duringthistimemyhusbandandl11thebirdsinthebackyard.Sometimesthebirdshavetobesavedfromtheswimmingpoolbecausethewatermightj_2them.Sometimestheyhavetobe-J3-inthebranchesofthetreesastheycan^flyup.Everybabybirdneedsasafeplaceto14andgrowup,justlikeuswhenwearenotstrong.Thus,itwouldmakeagreat15ifwecouldbekindenoughtowhoevermightbeinneedofhelporinanunfortunatesituation.語篇解讀作者的后院里每年春天會有一些小鳥從樹上跌落下來。作者一家便把家中狗和貓給趕走，同時也會密切注意這些小鳥以防它們跌入院里的游泳池時能及時被救出，同時也會把它們放置在樹枝上，讓它們學習飛行。由此作者感悟到：在他人需要幫助或者處于不幸的狀態(tài)時，足夠善待對方將會影響很大。A.gardenB.garageC.backyardD.houseC［考查語境推斷和詞匯復現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后的“thereisaswimmingpoolandtwotrees”和上句中的“thishouse”可推知，空處指的是房子的后院，與下文中的“inourbackyard”呼應。］A.heardB.expectedC.understoodD.noticedD［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)文中的"Thefirstspring”和“acommonphenomenon”和下文中的“Everyspring”可推知，此處表示作者一家一開始便注意到了一個后來常見的現(xiàn)象。notice“注意”。］A.getaboutB.wakeupC.settledownD.makeupA［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境和最后一段首句可推知，小鳥掉落到院子里后到處走。getabout“四處行走”。］A.powerfulB.healthyC.friendlyD.beautifulB［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)空前的“strong”可推知，大部分時間小鳥都是健康強壯的。］A.scaredB.approachedC.killedD.observedB［考查語境推斷。起初當貓和狗靠近小鳥時，作者一家不得不把它們嚇走。approach"靠近"。］A.creaturesB.friendsC.wondersD.neighborsA［考查邏輯推斷。小鳥是一種生物。creature“生物"。］A.deniedB.provedC.declaredD.realizedD［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可推知，作者一家很快意識到了一個問題。］AfortableB.preciousC.boringD.darkB［考查語境推斷。小鳥學習飛行的階段是小鳥一生中很珍貴的階段。precious“珍貴的”。］A.breakB.chanceC.showerD.seatA［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文中的"weletthedogoutonlyinthefrontyardandthecatsindoors”和選項可推知，家里的狗和貓要休息了。takeabreak意為“休息”。］A.sleepB.jumpC.stayD.chaseC［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)句中的“weletthedogoutonlyinthefrontyard”可推知，這時候會讓小貓待在屋里。］A.watchoutforB.mixupwithC.searchforD.playwithA［考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)下文中的“Sometimesthebirdshavetobesavedfromtheswimmingpool”可推知，作者和丈夫在這一時期密切注意這些小鳥。］A.floodB.drownC.poisonD.reachB［考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)句中的“Sometimesthebirdshavetobesavedfromtheswimmingpool”可推知，水可能把那些小鳥給淹死。drown"（使）淹死，溺死”。］A.soughtB.supportedC.hungD.placedD［考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)下文中的“Everybabybirdneedsasafeplace”可推知，小鳥們在不會飛的時候，有時候會被放置在樹枝上。］A.standB.struggleC.walkD.landD［考查語境推斷。每一個小鳥都需要一個安全的地方安頓下來去成長。land“著陸，降落”符合語境。］A.choiceB.promiseC［考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，如果我們可以在任何人需要幫助或者不幸時足夠善待對方，這將會影響很大。makeadifference"有影響"。］IV.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。（2021?日照市第一次聯(lián)考）Asthemotherofaneleven-year-oldgirl,Ihavereadseveralbooksthattellparentshowtobringupagirltobebeautiful，elegant,confident，andrich.However，Ihavealwaysbelievedthatgirlsneedtobebraveaboveallelse,butthisiseasiersaidthandone.Istillrememberlcouldn^seethescreendirectlywhenmydaughterswitchedtotheanimalchannel,whichwasbroadcastingashowaboutsnakes.IstoodasfarawayfromtheTVaspossible，tooscaredtoopenmyeyes.However,mylittleangelwasnotscaredofthesnakes.Infact,shewatchedtheshowwithakeeninterest.Iwasrelievedthatmydaughterdidn'tgettoomanygeneticphobias（遺傳恐懼癥）.Eventot如sday,sheisstillobsessedwithchallengingherselfwithnewthings.Thisyear,IgotachancetostudyinSingaporeforsixmonths.Afterthenovelty（新奇）ofthefirstfewdayshadgone,Ifoundmyselfmissingmyfamily.Withthesummervacationapproaching,myhusbandagreedtomakegooduseofthefactthatlwasstayinginSingapore.Hebroughtourdaughterouttovisitmeandtoenjoythenewexperienceinanewcountry.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z,larrangedtoseeGardensbytheBay.WhenwewalkedoutoftheMRTstation，wewereamazedbythesightoftheSupertrees.WhenmydaughtersawlotsofpeoplewalkingontheSkywayshecouldn'thelpshoutingexcitedlythatshewantedtohaveatry.TheSkywayisa22-meter-highsuspensionbridgefromwhichyoucanenjoyabird^eyeview.Lasttimelcameherewithmyfriends，Ifirmlyrejectedtheirrepeatedattemptstochallengemetogoupthere.Itwaslikethedaywiththesnakesalloveragain.Butcouldlreallyrejectmylittl