北師大版高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit1Lifestyles講義

1、Unit 1 Lifestyles 講義Lesson 1 A perfect day1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用于表示人、事物現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句中常有often, always, from time to time等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 o' clock every morning.他通常每天早上7點(diǎn)鐘去上班。The earth goes around the sun.地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。表示永恒的真理，即使過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I learned that the earth goes a

2、round the sun when I was in primary school.我在小學(xué)就知道地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.如果他接受了這份工作，不久就會(huì)賺更多的錢。在make sure （certain）, see to it, mind, care, matter +賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。So long as he works hard, I don' t mind when he finishes the

3、experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。在the more the more越越）句型中，若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The harder you study, the better results you will get.你學(xué)習(xí)越用功，成績(jī)就越好。2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法：a.表示現(xiàn)在（指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生的事情。We are waiting for you.b.習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.（說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。）She is l

4、earning piano under Mr. Smith.c.表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.d.與always, constantly, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。You are always changing your mind.典型例題My dictionary, I have looked for it everywhere but

5、still it.A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.答案D.前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)，由于沒(méi)有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí)。練習(xí)Lesson 2 Relaxing難句解疑1.I find painting or drawing very relaxing.我發(fā)現(xiàn)畫畫使人放松。句中relaxing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞 find后經(jīng)常跟形容詞、

6、動(dòng)詞的ing形式、過(guò)去分詞以及借此短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)。例句：1） I found the book very interesting.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有趣。2） She found herself in a different world.她發(fā)現(xiàn)她來(lái)到了一個(gè)不同的世界。3） When I came back, I found the dishes on the table untouched.當(dāng)我回來(lái)時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)桌上的菜沒(méi)動(dòng)。2 .drawing多指用線條及陰影所作的畫，時(shí)各種圖的總稱，也可以指技術(shù)圖紙，如engineering drawing工程制圖；painting指繪畫，常指油畫和水彩畫。3 .Bu

7、t it ' s very stressful to wait for exam results.等考試結(jié)果很令人緊張。不定式短語(yǔ)在句子中作主語(yǔ)。當(dāng)不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 例：It is easy to make mistakes.犯錯(cuò)誤是容易的。It is very important to learn a foreign language well.學(xué)好一門外語(yǔ)很重要。it在句首作形式主語(yǔ)。4.I really love playing the piano, but I can我確實(shí)喜歡彈鋼琴，但是我不喜歡在全班同學(xué)面前唱歌。't stand singing in front

8、 of the class.句中can' t stand勺意思為 不喜歡；不能忍受”。例：1） I can ' t stand the heat.我忍受不了高溫。2） I cannot stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了啦。Lesson 3 A volunteer teacher一般將來(lái)時(shí)也譯為單純將來(lái)時(shí)。shall句型S+7（原不分will例 A : I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.（如明天下雨我就不來(lái)。）例 B : My brother will leave for the United Stat

9、es next week.（我的哥哥下星期要到美國(guó)去。）用法P例句表達(dá)將出現(xiàn)于將來(lái)的狀態(tài) 和發(fā)生于將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。1 - I #項(xiàng) be 16 yean old next month.（下個(gè)月我將滿十六歲.）2 . She'll a gpod wife and ruother when she g&ts inanied （她結(jié)了婚一定是一位費(fèi)妻良母口 ）3 . I'll hdp you do that tomonow.（明天我會(huì)幫你做那件事.）解說(shuō)從句式我們可以了解一般將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)須借助于助動(dòng)詞"shajKwill關(guān)于"shd|/will '的用

10、法，傳統(tǒng)文法談得很多，同時(shí)各文法學(xué)家的理論也不很一致。更重要的是英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人對(duì)“sha卜will '的用法規(guī)則并不很一致，也不很嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，所以本書擬只提供下面的五個(gè)規(guī)則，相信各位只要把下面這五個(gè)規(guī)則學(xué)通了， 你的“shabwill的用法就可以中規(guī)中矩了。說(shuō)或?qū)懚急M量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll 的簡(jiǎn)縮形（如用法例" 2、3）。要表達(dá)主語(yǔ)的意志”，通常都用“will '（文法上稱為意志將來(lái)。）例 A : I won't see

11、 him again.（我不愿意再和他見面。）例 B : Who will go and help that poor old man?（誰(shuí)愿意去幫助那個(gè)可憐的老人？）Mary will .（瑪莉愿意。）說(shuō)話者要把自己的意志”表達(dá)或行使出去，通常用“shall。"例 A : You shall not do that again.（你不可以再做那樣的事。）例 B : He shall return that book tomorrow.（明天他必須把那本書歸還。）第一人稱問(wèn)句使用"shall。"例 A : Shall I call you a taxi ?（需要我

12、替你叫一輛出租車嗎？）例 B : Shall we tell her the truth ?（我們可以把實(shí)情告訴她嗎？）問(wèn)句是“Shall？”答句就用“shall ;'問(wèn)句用“Will"，答句就用“will ?！崩?A: Shall you go to school tomorrow ?（你明天須要上學(xué)去嗎？）Yes, I shall . We'll have an exam .（是的，我必須去。我們明天有考試。 ）例B : Will you go to school with me tomorrow?（明天你要不要和我一道去學(xué)校？）No, I won't .

13、 I'm going on a picnic.（我不要。我已定好要去郊游。）注：Let's的附加疑問(wèn)通常使用 “，shall we ?。"Let's have a rest, shall we?（我們休息一下，怎樣？）一般將來(lái)時(shí)除了使用“shahwill + V以外，也可以使用下列的幾種句式來(lái)表達(dá)。1. be going to + V （即將會(huì)；打算將 ）例 A: It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you.（帶一把傘去?？礃幼泳鸵掠炅?。）例B : The Browns are going to move t

14、o Australia.（布朗先生全家打算遷移到澳大利亞去。）2. be about to + V （即將，指緊接著要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。）例：Let's wait a minute. He is about to arrive.（我們等一下。他即將會(huì)到達(dá)。）3. be + V-ing（定于，指接近的將來(lái)動(dòng)作。）例：He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.（他定于明天早晨到香港去。）4. be + to V （定于，指預(yù)定的將來(lái)動(dòng)作。）例：She is to be here at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow.（她定于明晨九時(shí)到達(dá)這里。

15、）5. V- （e） s （定于，指接近的將來(lái)動(dòng)作，但不如第3項(xiàng)主觀。）例： He leaves for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.（他定于明天早晨到香港去。與（3）項(xiàng)的區(qū)別在于（3）項(xiàng)的動(dòng)作是出自主語(yǔ)的決定，（5）項(xiàng)則不一定是出自主語(yǔ)的決定。）常用于修飾般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning （ afternoon, evening）, next + 時(shí)間 （nextnight, next Monday ，next week, month ，next summer ） ,innexthear future （將來(lái)）,soon （

16、不 久之后），in +時(shí)間 （in five days 再過(guò)五天，in two weeks 再過(guò)二星期），etc.Lesson 4 City or country難句解疑1. That ' s what people call the underground in London. （the tub就是人們對(duì)倫敦地鐵的叫法。句中what引導(dǎo)的從句為表語(yǔ)從句。What在從句中作從句的賓語(yǔ)，the underground in London 為從句的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，what在這里的意思為 “的”例：1） This is what I want to tell you. 這就是我要告訴你的事。2）

17、 China is not what it used to be.中國(guó)已經(jīng)是今非昔比了。2. Usually it ' s so crowded that I can ' t find anywhere to sit.通常地鐵和擁擠，很難找到座位。句中so that為連詞，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。請(qǐng)注意：1. so+形容詞/副詞2. so+形容詞+a(an)+名詞3. so+many / few / little / much+ 名詞。sohat還可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如： can / could, will / would, may

18、/ might 。例：1) He works so hard that he often forgets to eat and sleep.他工作很努力，以至于經(jīng)常忘記吃飯睡覺(jué)。2) He is so good a teacher that all his students like him very much.他是一位好老師，他的學(xué)生都喜歡他。3) He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以致渾身青一塊紫一塊。3. I need to do that because I don' t get en

19、ough exercise otherwise.因?yàn)槊刻爝\(yùn)動(dòng)量不夠，我需要增加些運(yùn)動(dòng)。句中otherwise為副詞，意思為 否則，不然"。Otherwise還有 除此以外”的意思。例：樓上有些音樂(lè)聲，除此以外，房子里靜悄悄的。4. We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds orthe tube.我喜歡去那些遠(yuǎn)離城市、幽靜、風(fēng)光秀麗的地方，在沒(méi)有商店、人群、地鐵的地方漫步。句中where為連詞，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，修

20、飾動(dòng)詞go。例：1) Sit where I can see you. 坐在我能看到你的地方。2) We should go where we are needed most.我們應(yīng)該去最需要我們的地方。5. After a big breakfast in my house, I walk out of the front door and I' , already at work.飽餐一頓早飯之后，我走出家門，開始一天的工作。句中be at work意思為 在工作”。介詞at在這里表示 處于狀態(tài)”。例：The country is now at war. 這個(gè)國(guó)家正在打仗。I fe

21、lt at a disadvantage.我覺(jué)得處于不利地位。6. We don ' t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我們的工作時(shí)間和在辦公室工作的人們不同。句中that為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾名詞hours,在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。有時(shí)我們也用as代替that。the samethat強(qiáng)調(diào)同一事物。例： This is the same man that asked me for money yesterday.那個(gè)人就是昨天向我要錢的人。7. This meal included ca

22、kes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.這頓飯有蛋糕和三明治，用茶來(lái)把事物送下去。句中wash down的意思為用水等吞送(食物等) "。wash down還有沖洗，流下”的意思。例： The soil has washed down into the valley.泥土被沖入了山谷。8. In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.事實(shí)上，人們認(rèn)為倫敦證券交易所的前身就是這

23、些咖啡館。這句話等于 In fact, people believe the London Stock Exchange has started from these coffeehouses.在 be believed后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式，to have started為不定式的完成式。常用句型有 It is said/ expected/reported等+ 動(dòng)詞不定式。例： Tom is believed to be the child they looking for.人們認(rèn)為湯姆就是他們要找的那個(gè)孩子。The vase is believed to be worth a lot of m

24、oney.人們相信這個(gè)花瓶?jī)r(jià)值連城。北師大版高一英語(yǔ)單元試卷UNIT 1一、英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1. Now they are having a discussion.A. peaceful B. peaceable C. silent D. quiet2. After he retired from office, Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest.A. took up B

25、. saved up C. kept up D. drew up3. Remember the lights when you leave the house.A. to turn off B. turning off C. to turn on D. turning on4. The evening party was well and everyone had a good time in it.A. organised B. set upC. put on D. managed5. The little boy entered the classroom without.A. notic

26、ing B. noticed C. being noticed D. notice6. Look,the children are having in the games!A. what a fun B. what fun C. how funny D. how fun7. The visiting professor to students to meeting at time.A. preferred giving lectures/ to being invited B. preferred to give lectures/ to be invitedC. preferred to g

27、iving lectures/ rather than being invitedD. preferred giving lectures/ to be invited8. Many people in the world are still poverty now.A. suffering from B. suffered from C. living D. living by9.It was cold that they had to put on more clothes.A. such a B. such C. soD. so a10. -Have you read the timet

28、able ?-Yes . The train at 10:12 p.m.A. will start B. is going to start C. should start D. starts11. John Peking University. Now he' s looking for a job.A. graduated B. graduated from C. has graduated D. graduates from12. Now more and more workers _their free time trying to improve themselves at

29、school or college.A. take B.cost C. spend D. pay13. -Did you sleep well last night?-No, can you imagine from too much noise while sleeping?A. to suffer B. suffering C. to prevent D. preventing14. Don ' t you realize it ' s quite the rule to have him here?A. on B. for C. to D. against15. -Beg

30、 your pardon! -Oh, you to me attentively. -, but my hearing is poor.A. haven ' t listened/ Yes B. didn ' t listen / NoC. weren ' t listening/ Yes D. can ' t have listened/ No第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Telling the truth is a ve

31、ry good habit. If you 16 speak the truth, you can save yourself from a lot of 17Here is a story of a man who did a lot of 18 things, but his promise to tell the truth 19_ him.Once a man came to a prophet （預(yù)言家） and said, “ Oh, prophet, I have many b00. Which one of them should I 21 first ? ” Theproph

32、et said, "Give） telling 22 first and always speak the truth. " Theman23 hepromised to do so and went home.At night the man was about to go out to steal. Before setting out , he thought for a moment about the made with the prophet. 24 tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, what sha

33、ll I say ? Shall I say that I went out 25? No, I cannot say that. But nor can I lie. If I tell the truth, 26 will start hating me and call me a thief. I would be 27 for stealing.So the man 28 not to steal that night, and gave up this bad habit.Next day, he 29 drinking wine. When he was about to do s

34、o, he said to himself, “ Whatshall I say to the30 me,prophet if he asks me what I did during the day ? I cannot tell a lie, and if I speak the truth people will because a Muslim is not 31 to drink wine. " And so he gave up32ie）f drinking wine.In this way, 33 the man thought of doing something b

35、ad, he 34 his promise to tell the truth. One by one, he gave up all his bad habits and became a very 35 person.16.A. alwaysB. hardlyC. sometimesD. never17.A. timeB. moneyC. troubleD. energy18.A . greatB. badC. strangeD. stupid19.A. educatedB. botheredC. testedD. saved20.A. habitsB. friendsC. purpose

36、sD. collections21.A. take inB. bring backC. give upD.depend on22.A. storiesB. truthsC. reasonsD. lies23.A. planB. secretC. promiseD. mistake24.A. BecauseB. UnlessC. SinceD. If25.A. stealingB. drinkingC. walkingD. dancing26.A. noneB. someoneC.anyoneD. everyone27.A. controlledB. admiredC. punishedD. k

37、illed28.A. refusedB. triedC. decidedD. agreed29.A. talked aboutB. felt likeC. adapted to（適應(yīng)）D. broke down30.A. understandB. likeC. hateD. respect31.A. allowedB. encouragedC. invitedD.advised32.A. chanceB. disadvantage C. adventureD. idea33.A. whereverB. wheneverC. whateverD. however34.A. forgotB. do

38、ubtedC. regrettedD. remembered35.A.goodB. attractiveC. practicalD. generous（慷慨的）二、閱讀理解 （共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIn American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Mary high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can b

39、e the most important event of the year except graduation or commencement（畢業(yè)典禮 ）day. Students plan homecoming day for many weeks in advance（預(yù)先）.Several days before Homecoming, students start to decorate（裝飾）the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the g

40、raduates. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years after their graduation.The members of school clubs build booths（攤位）and sell lemonade, apples and sandwiches. Some clubs help to welcome visitors.During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Oft

41、en they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school.Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students v

42、ote a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is a great honor to be chosen.Homecoming is a happy day, but it is not perfect unless the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy Homecoming . Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party.For

43、everyone it is a day worth remembering.36. The most important event of the year in high schools and colleges is.A. Homecoming B. the football game C. graduation D. winning the game 37. When do students begin to arrange everything for Homecoming?A. The day before Homecoming .B. Many weeks before the

44、day.C. When the guests arrive.D. In the days before Homecoming.38. Which of the following is NOT done on Homecoming ?A. To see old friends.B. To call on teachers they remember.C. To watch the football game. D. To go home to see their family.39. Who can probably become Homecoming Queen or King ?A. Th

45、e student who is liked most by the others.B. The guest who is most popular with the students.C. The student who is most liked by the guests.D. The player who plays best in the football game.BCan you communicate with others when you live in a foreign country with no or little knowledge of its languag

46、e? Of course, it is possible. You can communicate your moods and intentions to one another without words, because all human beings share a lot of common visual （看見的）signals. These signals are as effective （W 效的） as words during communication.The gestures of the head play a key role in body language.

47、 The movements of eyes and eyebrows are as important as head movements in body language.Besides the gestures of the head or the movements of the eyes and eyebrows, the action of arms, hands and legs is also a large part of body language. Extending one's arm and shaking hands with others is a gre

48、eting in both formal and informal cases. This part of body language might date back to primary tribes （原始部落）Like handshaking, there are still many other forms of body language presented by hands. Raising one's hand and making a circle with his thumb （拇指） and for finger signals, that something is

49、 OK. Clasped （握緊的） hands raised above the head, a traditional picture accepted by sportsmen after winning a fight, is a display of triumph that grows out of a kind of feeling following a victory. Waving one's hands, a speaker can make his words more powerful and vigorous （有活力的） .Besides hand ges

50、tures, there are times when a person says something with his legs as well as with his head and eyes. The leg gestures often reflect one's attitude towards something or someone that person is with.According to the above facts, body language has offered a more reliable（可靠的） way to understand one&#

51、39;smind by means of gestures. Though it is soundless and wordless, once you understand it, you will feel the world is bigger than you realized.40. Which of the following is the proper title for this passage?A. Body Language B. How to Communicate with the People around YouC. The History of Body Lang

52、uageD. Gestures And Languages41. After reading the passage we can conclude that.A. hand shaking suggests that the speaker is excitedB. head plays a less important part in body languageC. actors and actresses are good at gesturesD. people began to use body language long long ago42. What's the cha

53、racteristic （特點(diǎn)、特征） of body language?A. Soundless and wordless. B. Difficult to understand.C. Powerful and vigorous.D. Effective and normal43. When sports men win a match, they probably.A. clasp their hands to announce their victoryB. clasp their hands to express their excited feelingC. have a pictu

54、re taken as soon as possible D. show a sign of thankfulnessCPaul couldn ' t sleep last night. He woke up early and sat up, and then he lay down again. He felt terrible.be sick,“ he thought. " but I must study for that test.”He got up and looked for his history notebook. He finally found it

55、under a pile of clothes on a chair. He wentover his history notes, but he couldn' t remember any of the facts in the notes. do?” he thoughWhat shall Ifelt terrible.Just then Paul ' s telephone rang. He put down his notebook and picked up the telephone.“Good morning, " Jack ' s voice said, “You must be wrong about that test.”“What do you mean? ” Paul asked weakly.“Wd reot going to have the test today." Jack said. "I wrote down the date in my notebo