2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ) Unit 5 Working the Land（課時(shí)1）課件 新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriod1

ReadingandThinking教材必備知識(shí)精練一、選詞填空(使用正確的形式)1.Successinlifedoesn'thappenbyaccident,whichistheresultof

yourtimeandenergy

whatyou'vesetouttodo.

2.Ithankallmyfriendsandrelativeswho

andsupportedmewhenIwasinhospital.

3.Throughmyefforts,IbecameanAstudentandeventually

ofbeingadmittedtomyidealuniversity.

4.WhilehisChinesewas

perfect,thestudentswerewillingtocommunicatewithhimandlistentohislectures.

答案1.devoting;to

2.caredfor3.fulfilledmydream 4.farfromdevote...to...,becomprisedof,deepdown,dreamup,farfrom,carefor,fulfillone'sdream,openup5.Einstein'stheoryofrelativityseemedhardtobelievewhenhefirstintroducedit,butitreally

thedevelopmentofmodernphysics.

6.

,Ibelievethathardworkwillleadtosuccess,soIwillgoaheadanddevotemyselftowork.

7.Life

notonlysunshinebutalsostormsandwemustbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.

8.He

theelementsofthenovelandwrotethemdowninhisnotebook.

答案5.openedup 6.Deepdown7.iscomprisedof 8.dreamedupdevote...to...,becomprisedof,deepdown,dreamup,farfrom,carefor,fulfillone'sdream,openup二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theytriedtofinishtheproject,theoneonwhichthemosttime

(spend)sincelastSeptember.

2.ItwastwodaysafterIarrivedtherethatIfoundthevillagersfacedwithasevere

(short)ofdrinkingwater.

3.Johnson's

speechwonhimawidefaithfulaudienceandIwasalso

ofhisopinions.(convince)

答案1.hasbeenspent考查主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。本句中定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是themosttime,故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù),且從句主語(yǔ)與spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);再依據(jù)sincelastSeptember可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2.shortage考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的a及空后的of可知,空處應(yīng)用名詞。ashortageof...意為"……不足/短缺"。3.convincing;convinced考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。由語(yǔ)境可知,第一空表示"有說(shuō)服力的",故填convincing;第二空表示"堅(jiān)信;深信",故填convinced。4.AftericewasdiscoveredonMars,somescientistsmadethe

(assume)thatlivingthingsmightexistonit.

5.

(overcome)bycuriosity,theboylookedoutofthewindow,onlytofindsomeonewastryingtobreakintohisneighbor'shouse.

答案4.assumption考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)冰后,一些科學(xué)家設(shè)想火星上可能有生物存在。根據(jù)空前的the并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)填名詞,that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明空處的內(nèi)容;makeanassumption意為"作出假設(shè)"。5.Overcome考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這個(gè)男孩被好奇心驅(qū)使,向窗外望去,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)有人正在試圖強(qiáng)行闖入他鄰居的房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為非謂語(yǔ),與句子主語(yǔ)theboy之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。6.ItwassurprisingthatinsomeregionsofAmericathemoneyspentoneducatingablackchildwasjustonefourthof

spentonawhitechild.

7.Theheatisthe

(character)weatherofthesummerinmyhometownwhileinwinteritisusuallyquitecold.

答案6.that考查代詞。結(jié)合句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處代替前面提到的themoney,為避免重復(fù),故填that?！局R(shí)拓展】在一個(gè)句子中,為避免重復(fù),可用代詞that來(lái)代替前面所提到的事物,相當(dāng)于"the+單數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞"。如果前面提到的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,后面就用those來(lái)代替。例如:Thesweaterhewearstodayisdifferentfromthatheworeyesterday.他今天穿的毛衣和昨天穿的不一樣。Thestudyofidiomsisasimportantasthatofgrammar.學(xué)習(xí)成語(yǔ)和學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法一樣重要。Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.夏季的白天時(shí)間要比冬季的長(zhǎng)一些。7.characteristic考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在我的家鄉(xiāng),高溫是夏季的典型天氣;而在冬天,天氣通常相當(dāng)寒冷。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的名詞weather并結(jié)合句意可知,空處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾weather,意為"典型的,獨(dú)特的",故填characteristic。三、翻譯句子1.實(shí)際上,獨(dú)自到國(guó)外旅行并不像我想象的那么難。(as+adj./adv.+as)Actually,travelingabroadaloneisnot

.

2.為了解決水資源不足的問(wèn)題,我們必須盡可能地節(jié)約用水。(不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),tackle,shortage)Wehavetosaveasmuchwateraspossible

.

3.要說(shuō)服人們停止煤炭消耗是很困難的。(convince,consumption)

答案1.asdifficultasIimagined本題考查"as+adj./adv.+as"結(jié)構(gòu),表示"和……一樣……",為同級(jí)比較。2.totackletheproblemofthewatershortage根據(jù)提示及句意可知,空處用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ);tackle可表示"應(yīng)付,處理,解決(難題或局面)",相當(dāng)于handle或dealwith。3.It'sveryhardtoconvincepeopletostopcoalconsumption.此處convince意為"說(shuō)服,勸服",convincesb.todosth.意為"說(shuō)服某人做某事"。4.據(jù)估計(jì),這項(xiàng)治理水污染的工程至少要耗費(fèi)三年的時(shí)間。(estimate)

theprojecttocontrolwaterpollutionwilltakeatleast3years.

5.盡管這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)采取了不同的方法解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,他們最終都成功了。(despite)

thethreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem,theyallsucceededintheend.

6.考慮到她對(duì)教學(xué)感興趣,我可以肯定這一職位是最適合她的。(giventhat)

,I'msurethepositionisthemostsuitableforher.

答案4.Itisestimatedthat

Itisestimatedthat...是固定句型,意為"據(jù)估計(jì)……",其中It是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。5.Despitethefactthat

despite是介詞,despitethefactthat...表示"盡管……",其中that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明thefact的內(nèi)容。6.Giventhatsheisinterestedinteaching

giventhat的意思是"考慮到,鑒于",相當(dāng)于considering。學(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力構(gòu)建一、完形填空

主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型:記敘文難度:中[2022重慶七中月考]Sometimes,Ilongtobelostina"memorymeal",bitingintooneofthenostalgic(懷舊的)foodsIenjoyedasachild.Asavegetarian(素食主義者),sometastyfoodlikefriedbaconisnolongermy

1

,butoldmemoriesdiehard.Oneday,afteramealoflocallygrownorganicfood,Ifoundmyself

2

somethingfatty,crisp—bacon.

Backthen,bacon

3

enteredmyhouse.Whenitdid,itwasanevent.Iwouldstandexcitedlyinthekitchen,watchingMomcompletethe

4

workwithastrongwoodyscent.Whenitwasready,Ialwaysslowlytookevery

5

ofthelittlefattycurlsandwantedmore.Itwouldbe1.A.problem B.exception C.option D.condition2.A.expecting B.resisting C.cooking D.handling3.A.frequently B.rarely

C.roughly D.completely4.A.eye-catching B.mouth-watering

C.heart-stopping D.time-consuming5.A.step B.grab C.idea D.bitemonthsbeforethenextbacon

6

enteredmyhome.

Ihadnottastedbaconinyears,butthemomentI

7

mydesireforit,myhusbandRonbegan

8

thegrocerystoresforthebest"fakebacon"thatcould

9

thecarefreeeatingofmychildhood.Howcouldhecookthatsoy(豆制品)sothatitwould

10

thetastesofmyyoungeryears?

11

,Ronmadeitthenextmorning.

AfterRon

12

the"bacon"tomeasifhewerehandingmeagoldencrown,Iclosedmyeyesandtookabigbite.Thesoyactuallysmelledandtastedlikebacon.Ithoughtofmyparents.Mymomwasneveramorningperson,butshe

13

tothecookingtimewhenbaconwasonthe6.A.display B.treat C.deal D.purchase7.A.forgot B.distracted C.mentioned D.described8.A.adopting B.buying C.searching D.leaving9.A.bringback B.putback C.payback D.winback10.A.shift B.hide C.influence D.reproduce11.A.Incredibly B.Probably C.Constantly D.Practically12.A.threw B.put C.explained D.presented13.A.rose B.failed C.objected D.camemenu.Myfatherwoulddelaygoingtoworkforhalfanhourandenjoythe

14

luxurywithus.SuddenlyIrealizeditdidn'tmatterwhetherIwaseatingporkorsoy—the

15

themselveswerejustdelicious.

14.A.ordinary B.regular C.occasional D.abnormal15.A.attempts B.memories C.benefits D.offers答案【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作為素食主義者,作者在嘗到了很多年沒(méi)吃過(guò)的煎培根的味道之后,突然意識(shí)到,不是培根好吃,而是和家人一起吃培根的記憶很美好?！局攸c(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)鏈接】

1.belostin全神貫注于,沉浸于ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIwaslostintheworldofbooks.我有生以來(lái)第一次沉浸在書(shū)的世界里。2.diehard(習(xí)慣或觀念)難以改掉,很難擺脫Oldhabitsdiehard.積習(xí)難改。語(yǔ)篇精讀答案1.C根據(jù)空前的"Asavegetarian(素食主義者)"可知,作者是一個(gè)素食主義者,所以作者不會(huì)選擇吃培根。2.A根據(jù)下文中的"butthemomentI

7

mydesireforit"可知,作者期望吃培根。desire與expect是同義詞。

3.B根據(jù)下文中的"Whenitdid,itwasanevent"以及"Itwouldbemonthsbeforethenextbacon

6

enteredmyhome"可知,作者家很少吃培根。frequently"頻繁地";rarely"罕有,很少,不常";roughly"粗略地";completely"完全地"。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.B根據(jù)下文中的"withastrongwoodyscent"以及"andwantedmore"可知,做培根時(shí)有濃烈的香味,作者吃完培根還想再吃,故可推測(cè)做培根是一個(gè)讓人流口水的工作。eye-catching"惹人注意的,引人注目的";mouth-watering"令人垂涎的,非常好吃的";heart-stopping"使人非常興奮的,令人十分擔(dān)憂的";time-consuming"耗時(shí)的"。5.D結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)可知,takeabiteof..."咬一口……"符合文意。下文中的"Iclosedmyeyesandtookabigbite"也是提示,bite是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。6.B結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指數(shù)月之后才會(huì)再有吃培根的日子。treat"(尤指不經(jīng)常吃的)美味食物"符合語(yǔ)境。7.C根據(jù)下文中的"myhusbandRonbegan

8

thegrocerystoresforthebest‘fakebacon’"可知,此處是指作者向丈夫提起(mentioned)自己想吃培根。

8.C此處表示丈夫聽(tīng)了作者的話,就去搜尋(searching)各個(gè)雜貨店給她買(mǎi)最好的"fakebacon"。答案9.A根據(jù)空后的"thecarefreeeatingofmychildhood"可推知,丈夫想買(mǎi)到能使作者回想起童年味道的"fakebacon"。bringback"使回憶起,使想起";putback"把……放回原處,推遲";payback"償還";winback"重新獲得"。10.D根據(jù)下文中的"Thesoyactuallysmelledandtastedlikebacon"可知,作者的丈夫?qū)⒍怪破放腼兊煤驼媾喔粯?可推知此處表示"他如何烹飪豆制品才能使豆制品再現(xiàn)我兒時(shí)的味道呢?"shift"轉(zhuǎn)變";hide"隱藏";influence"影響";reproduce"再現(xiàn)"。11.A結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指作者對(duì)丈夫能把豆制品做出和培根一樣的味道這件事感到難以置信。Incredibly"難以置信地"。12.D根據(jù)下文中的"asifhewerehandingmeagoldencrown"可知,此處是指丈夫把"培根"端給作者。13.A根據(jù)上文中的"Mymomwasneveramorningperson"可知,此處是指作者的母親雖然不是早起型的人,但她在做培根的那天會(huì)早起。14.C根據(jù)上文可知,作者一家很少吃培根,故此處用occasional"偶爾的"。15.B根據(jù)文章第一句"Sometimes,Ilongtobelostina‘memorymeal’"可知,此處填memories"回憶"符合語(yǔ)境,memory是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。二、語(yǔ)法填空

主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型:記敘文難度:中In2021,ChinesescientistYuanLongpingpassedawayinahospitalinChangshaattheageof91.YuanspenthisliferesearchingriceandwasahouseholdnameinChina,1.

(know)asthe"fatherofhybridrice".Worldwide,afifthofallricenow2.

(come)fromspeciescreatedbyhybridricefollowingYuan'sgroundbreakingdiscoveries.

Onthatsadday,largecrowdshonoredthescientist3.

marchingpastthehospitalinChangsha4.

hepassedaway,callingout5.

(phrase)suchas"GrandpaYuan,haveagoodjourney!"

In6.

1970s,Yuandevelopedahybridstrainofricethatrecordedanannualyield20%7.

(high)thanexistingvarieties—meaningitcouldfeedanextra70millionpeopleayear.HisworkhelpedtransformChinafromfooddeficiency(缺乏)tofoodsecuritywithinthreedecades.

Yuanandhisteamworkedwithdozensofcountriesaroundtheworld8.

(address)issuesoffoodsecurity.Eveninhislateryears,Yuandidnotstopdoingresearch.In2017,workingwithaHunan9.

(agriculture)academy,histeamhelpedcreateastrainoflow-cadmium(低鎘)indicariceforareassufferingfromheavymetalpollution,10.

(reduce)theamountofcadmiuminricebymorethan90%.

答案【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

"雜交水稻之父"袁隆平于2021年逝世,享年91歲。本文主要介紹了袁隆平的偉大成就。1.known考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。因know與主語(yǔ)Yuan之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用所給詞的過(guò)去分詞。2.comes考查時(shí)態(tài)。由空前的now可知本句講的是當(dāng)前的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.by考查介詞。大批群眾通過(guò)列隊(duì)經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)沙的這家醫(yī)院向這位科學(xué)家致敬。表示"通過(guò)(某種方式)",應(yīng)用介詞by。4.where考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為thehospitalinChangsha,空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。5.phrases考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。phrase為可數(shù)名詞,且空前沒(méi)有限定詞,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6.the考查冠詞。inthe1970s意為"在20世紀(jì)70年代"。表示"某個(gè)世紀(jì)幾十年代",年份前應(yīng)用定冠詞。7.higher考查比較級(jí)。在20世紀(jì)70年代,袁隆平培育了一種雜交水稻品種,其年產(chǎn)量比現(xiàn)有品種高20%。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及空后的than可知,此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。8.toaddress考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。袁和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)與世界上幾十個(gè)國(guó)家合作,以便解決糧食安全問(wèn)題。由語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。9.agricultural考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎椕~academy,應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。agricultural"農(nóng)業(yè)的"。10.reducing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在2017年,他的團(tuán)隊(duì)與湖南的一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)研究院合作,為重金屬污染嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)培育了一種低鎘秈稻,減少了水稻中90%以上的鎘含量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示自然而然的結(jié)果。Period2

LearningAboutLanguage教材必備知識(shí)精練一、語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練(一)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1.Itisamazingtous

ancientcraftsmenwereabletocarvesuchagiantBuddha.

2.

weneedmoredrinkandfooddependsonhowmanyguestswillcometothepartythisevening.

3.

wewillspendoursummerholidayisstilluncertainnow,butIpersonallyhopetogotoaseasidecity.

答案1.that句意:令我們驚訝的是,古代的工匠能夠雕刻出如此巨大的佛像。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句中的It為形式主語(yǔ),空處引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語(yǔ),因?yàn)閺木湟饬x完整,不缺成分,故應(yīng)填that。

2.Whether句意:我們是否需要更多的飲料和食物取決于今晚有多少客人參加聚會(huì)。本句的謂語(yǔ)部分是dependson,因此該空引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句,結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填Whether。3.Where句意:我們將在哪里度過(guò)我們的暑假現(xiàn)在還不確定,但我個(gè)人希望去一個(gè)海濱城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

wewillspendoursummerholiday"為主語(yǔ)從句;再由句意可知,此處應(yīng)填Where。

4.

somestudentsdidn'trealizewasthattheirtimewasslippingawayinsensibly.

5.

wantstobeavolunteerinthesportsmeetingshouldgetpreparedbeforethisFriday.

6.Itiswidelybelievedthat

wetreattheearthdetermines

lifewewillface.

答案4.What句意:一些學(xué)生沒(méi)有意識(shí)到的是,他們的時(shí)間不知不覺(jué)地溜走了。空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作賓語(yǔ),表示"……的事物",故填What。5.Whoever句意:無(wú)論誰(shuí)想在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上做志愿者,都應(yīng)該在本周五之前做好準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ),表示"……的任何人",故填Whoever。6.how;what句意:人們普遍認(rèn)為,我們?nèi)绾螌?duì)待地球決定了我們將面對(duì)什么樣的生活。第一空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示方式,故填how;第二空引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作定語(yǔ)修飾life,意為"什么",故填what。7.

beautycomesfromwithiniswidelyacceptedintoday'ssociety.Therefore,weshouldattachgreatimportancetoinnerbeauty.

8.

impressedmemostwas

thereweresomanyChineserestaurantsinthatwesterncity.

9.

thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

10.

hemadesuchgreatachievementsisclear—hedevotedhimselftoChina'sspaceindustry.

答案7.That句意:在當(dāng)今社會(huì),人們普遍認(rèn)為美來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)心。因此,我們應(yīng)該非常重視內(nèi)在美。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

beautycomesfromwithin"為主語(yǔ)從句,且從句意義完整,不缺成分,故應(yīng)用That引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。

8.What;that句意:使我印象最深刻的是,那個(gè)西方城市里有那么多中國(guó)餐館。

第一空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作主語(yǔ),表示"……的事物",故填What;第二空引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,且從句意義完整,不缺成分,故填that。9.When句意:那班被延誤的航班將于什么時(shí)間起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣(狀況)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

thedelayedflightwilltakeoff"是主語(yǔ)從句,再根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示"什么時(shí)候",故填When。

10.Why句意:他取得如此巨大的成就的原因很清楚——他全力傾注于中國(guó)的航天事業(yè)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,再結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填Why。(二)語(yǔ)法填空Itisawell-knownfact1.

thefacessomepeopleshowtotheworldmightbecompletelydifferenttotheirrealpersonalities.Forinstance,mostcomedianshavepermanentsmilesontheirfacesandalwayssoundcheerfulbecausethat'sthenatureoftheirwork.Fromthis,it'simpossibletoknow2.

theirtruefeelingsare.Althoughtheymightbelaughingontheoutside,theymightbecryingontheinside.3.

othersarefeelingisnotsomethingthatweshouldmakeassumptionsabout,becauseit'snotalwaysobviouswhoistrulyhappy.4.

iscertainisthatcomediansoftenusecomedytohelpthemunderstandthemselvesandtheworld.Infact,comedyisaveryseriousjobindeed!

答案1.that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明fact的內(nèi)容,且在從句中不作成分,故填that。2.what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作賓語(yǔ),意為"什么",故填what。3.How分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,表示方式,故應(yīng)填How。4.What分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ),指物,故填What。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.ChinesePresidentXiJinping'svisittothecountrywasintended

(strengthen)tiesbetweenthetwocountries.

2.Books,newspapersandmagazinesshouldbemadefulluseof

(expand)yourknowledge.

3.Foranexchangestudent,thebiggestchallengemaycomefromadapting

atotallynewculture.

答案1.tostrengthen考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平對(duì)該國(guó)的訪問(wèn)旨在增進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)系。beintendedtodosth.為常用搭配,意為"打算/計(jì)劃做某事"。2.toexpand考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:書(shū)、報(bào)紙和雜志應(yīng)該被充分利用來(lái)擴(kuò)展你的知識(shí)(面)。短語(yǔ)makeuseof意為"利用",此處應(yīng)用不定式表目的。3.to考查介詞。句意:對(duì)一名交換生來(lái)說(shuō),最大的挑戰(zhàn)可能來(lái)自(要)適應(yīng)全新的文化。adaptto...意為"適應(yīng)……",to是介詞,其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。4.HemakesitclearthatChinaiscommittedto

(pursue)alow-carboneconomydespitethetremendousdifficultiesthatitwillface.

5.Overtheweeks,I

(consider)applyingtobeavolunteerinAfricaduringmygapyear.

6.Inordertoeasethetrafficpressure,thegovernmenthasdecidedtoextendthisurbanroadandthe

(extend)workwilltakeaboutthreemonths.

答案4.pursuing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他明確表示,盡管將會(huì)面臨巨大困難,中國(guó)仍致力于追求低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)。becommittedto...可表示"致力于……",to是介詞,其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),故此處應(yīng)填pursuing。5.havebeenconsidering考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:幾周來(lái),我一直在考慮在空檔年申請(qǐng)成為非洲的一名志愿者。根據(jù)句意以及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Overtheweeks可知,consider表示的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且有可能繼續(xù)下去,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。6.extension考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:為了緩解交通壓力,政府決定擴(kuò)建這條城市道路,擴(kuò)建工作大概將需要三個(gè)月。由空前的定冠詞the并結(jié)合句意可知,此處指的是擴(kuò)建工作,故填extension。7.AfterIretired

mylifelongteachingcareer,whatImissmostarethelovelychildren.

8.Comparedwiththesmartphonesonthemarket,

(convention)cellphoneshavebeenoutofdate.

9.Listeningtohislecture,Ifelldeeplyinlovewithscienceandhavemadeupmymind

(devote)mylifetoscienceinthefuture.

10.Manyofthemarenervousabouttaking

suchachallengeandwonderwhethertheyareabletogothedistance.

答案7.from考查介詞。句意:從一輩子的教學(xué)崗位上退休以后,我最懷念的是可愛(ài)的孩子們。retirefrom...意為"從……退休",是固定搭配。8.conventional考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:和市場(chǎng)上的智能手機(jī)相比,傳統(tǒng)的手機(jī)已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了?？仗幮揎椕~cellphones,故填形容詞。

9.todevote考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:聽(tīng)了他的講座,我深深地愛(ài)上了科學(xué)并決心在未來(lái)獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)。makeupone'smindtodosth.意為"下定決心做某事",故空處應(yīng)填todevote。10.on考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:他們中的很多人對(duì)接受這樣一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)都(感到)緊張,并且懷疑自己能否堅(jiān)持到底。takeon表示"決定做,同意負(fù)責(zé),承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)",是固定短語(yǔ)。gothedistance意為"堅(jiān)持到底"。學(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力構(gòu)建一、閱讀理解

主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型:新聞報(bào)道難度:易BigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore.Thesmall,SoutheastAsiannationisleadingafarmingrevolution,accordingtotheReutersnewsagency.Singaporecoversaround720squarekilometersoflandandonlyonepercentofthatlandareaisusedforagriculture.FoodproductioncostsarehighertherethantherestofSoutheastAsia.Asclimatechangeandpopulationgrowththreatenfoodsupplies,thepressureonnewfarmersistoanswerthegovernment'scallto"growmorewithless"."WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways,"saidPaulTeng,anagricultureprofessoratNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.Therearemorethan30vertical(垂直的)farmsinSingapore—onesthatgrowup,notacross,theland.SustenirAgricultureisoneofthesebusinesses.Itshydroponicfarmgrowsnon-nativefoodslikecherrytomatoesandstrawberriesinsidebuildingsunderartificiallighting.Thenitsellstheproducetolocalsupermarketsandonlinestores.Sustenirraised$16millionlastyear.ThemoneywillbeusedtoexpandoperationsinSingapore.However,noteveryonethinksthenewtechnologyisbest.EggfarmerWilliamHosaysthegovernmentshouldnotdependsomuchonagriculturaltechnologybusinesses."Manyofthemhavefailed.That'swhyI'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold-timers.Wearemorepractical,"hesaid.ProfessorPaulTengsaidanissueforurbanfarmersisthatthehighcostofthetechnologymakestheirproductstoopriceyformanypeople.1.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.Highfoodproductioncosts.B.Reasonsforchangesinagriculture.C.Agriculturaltechnologybusinesses.D.Salesexpansionoffoodmarkets.2.WhichisthewaytoachievefoodsecurityaccordingtoPaulTeng?A.Exploringmorespace.B.Buyingmorefood.C.Enlargingfarmland.D.Investingmoremoney.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheold-timers?A.Theyworkonhigh-techfarms.B.Theyreduceproductioncosts.C.Theybenefitfrompriceyproducts.D.Theyneedthegovernment'ssupport.4.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Aguidebook.

B.Abrochure.C.Anewspaper.

D.Ajournal.答案【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道,主要介紹了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場(chǎng)以解決國(guó)內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問(wèn)題的情況。【核心詞匯】

coverv.占地(面積);走完(一段路程);報(bào)道;覆蓋;包括threatenv.威脅,恐嚇;危及,對(duì)……構(gòu)成威脅securityn.安全工作;保障,保護(hù)artificiallighting人工照明raisevt.籌募,征集priceyadj.昂貴的語(yǔ)篇精讀答案1.B考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,新加坡用于農(nóng)業(yè)的耕地面積少、食品生產(chǎn)成本高,而氣候變化和人口增長(zhǎng)對(duì)其糧食供應(yīng)構(gòu)成了威脅,再結(jié)合上文中的"BigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore"可知,本段主要解釋了新加坡農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)生變革的原因,故選B。2.A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways"可知,PaulTeng認(rèn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食保障的途徑是向上或向側(cè)面開(kāi)發(fā)空間,故A項(xiàng)符合文意。3.D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"I'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold-timers"可知,禽蛋養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)WilliamHo問(wèn)政府為什么不在他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶(hù)身上投資,言外之意是他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶(hù)需要政府的支持,故選D。4.C考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知,本文主要報(bào)道了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場(chǎng)以解決國(guó)內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問(wèn)題的事情,屬于新聞范疇,因此文章最有可能出自報(bào)紙,故選C。二、七選五主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型:說(shuō)明文難度:易SMARTGoalTheSMARTgoalisoneofthemostvaluablemethodsusedbyhighachieverstodaytorealizetheirlifegoals.SMARTisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforSpecific,Measurable,Achievable,RealisticandTime-bound.1.

Everygoaloughttobespecific.Beingclearaboutyourgoalsandexpectationsisthefirststepinreachingthem.2.

Forexample,"Iwillstartplanningtowardretirement"isvague(含糊的).Instead,youcouldsay,"Iwillstartplanningtowardretirementbybuildingupanestegg(儲(chǔ)備金)."Thisismorespecific.Whenyouarespecificaboutyourgoal,it'seasierforyoutoidentifyallitscomponentsandworkaccordinglytowardachievingit.

3.

Ifyoucan'tmeasuresomething,youcan'ttellifyou'reperformingwellorifyou'reofftrack.Settingmeasurablegoalsletsyouevaluateyourperformanceandstayontrack.

Goalsshouldbeachievableandrealistic.4.

It'salsoimportantnottogetcarriedawayanduseunreachablegoalsasmotivators.Allowyourselftofeelmotivatedbythesatisfactionofachievementandrealprogress.

Eachgoalhastobetime-bound.5.

Actually,it'sincrediblyimportanttomakeyourgoalstime-bound.Theactofhavingdeadlinessetforyourgoalsisamotivationthatdrivesyouintoaction.Withoutadeadline,itisnotpossibleforyoutoknowifyou'remakingheadwaywithyourgoals.

A.Yourgoalsmustbemeasurable.B.Thatisbecauseyourgoalsarenotspecificenough.C.ItisthefinalletterofSMARTthatisoftenignored.D.Whengoalsaretoowideorvague,theyareeasytomiss.E.TomakeyourSMARTgoalwork,usethefollowingtips.F.Youmaywonderifthisisachievableinthegiventimeframe.G.It'simportanttosetgoalsthatarewithinrealisticcapabilities.答案【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。SMART原則是當(dāng)今成功人士用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的人生目標(biāo)的最有價(jià)值的方法之一。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了SMART原則的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1.E根據(jù)上文中的"SMARTisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforSpecific,Measurable,Achievable,RealisticandTime-bound"并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知,空處承上啟下,引出下面具體解釋的內(nèi)容。故E項(xiàng)"為了使你的SMART原則奏效,使用以下技巧"符合語(yǔ)境。2.D根據(jù)本段主旨句"Everygoaloughttobespecific"并結(jié)合下文中的"‘Iwillstartplanningtowardretirement'isvague(含糊的)"可知,空處應(yīng)該講的是設(shè)置太寬泛或者模糊的目標(biāo)的不好之處。故D項(xiàng)"當(dāng)目標(biāo)太寬泛或模糊時(shí),它們?nèi)菀妆缓雎?符合語(yǔ)境。3.A分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為段落主旨句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講設(shè)置可以衡量的目標(biāo)的必要性,故A項(xiàng)"你的目標(biāo)必須是可衡量的"符合語(yǔ)境。4.G本段主旨句是"Goalsshouldbeachievableandrealistic"。結(jié)合空后的"It'salsoimportantnottogetcarriedawayanduseunreachablegoalsasmotivators"和realprogress可知,空處應(yīng)該講的是設(shè)置現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)的重要性。故G項(xiàng)"設(shè)定在實(shí)際的能力范圍內(nèi)的目標(biāo)是重要的"符合語(yǔ)境。5.C本段的主旨句是"Eachgoalhastobetime-bound"。結(jié)合空后的"Actually,it'sincrediblyimportanttomakeyourgoalstime-bound"可知,C項(xiàng)"正是SMART的最后一個(gè)字母經(jīng)常被忽略"照應(yīng)段落主旨,符合語(yǔ)境。三、語(yǔ)法填空

主題語(yǔ)境:人與自然語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型:說(shuō)明文難度:中LocatedinOrdos,NorthChina'sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,KubuqiDesertisthe1.

(close)deserttoChina'scapitalBeijing.Itwasonceknown2.

the"seaofdeath".However,inthepast30years,thegovernment,socialorganizationsandlocalfarmers3.

(work)togethertocontroldesertification(沙漠化)inKubuqiDesert.

Historically,Kubuqiwasarichcityfilledwithwaterandgrass.Butduetoclimatechangeandover-exploitationfromhumans,thefarmlands4.

(final)turnedtodesertover2,000years.ControllingdesertificationwastheonlywayoutforpeoplestilllivinginKubuqi.Withthefirsthighwaygoingthroughthedesert5.

(build)here,peoplestartedplantingtreesinthewholedesert.Itwascommonforplantedtreestodie.Butthenextyear,peoplejustcontinuedtoplantmoretrees.Theirhardworkinspiredtheterm"Kubuqispirit",encouraginglocalpeople6.

(move)forwardwithgreatefforts.Overthreedecades,treeplantingtechnologysawcontinuous7.

(develop)inKubuqi.Nowworkerscanplantatreeinjustten8.

(second),andthesurvivalrateoftreesisover80percent.

The102,000residentsinthedeserthaveenjoyedthebenefitsofmanagingwithdesertification.MengKeda,9.

familyhasliveddeepinKubuqiDesertforgenerations,beganatourismbusinessin2006.Hehad10.

incomeof300,000yuanlastyear.

答案【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。位于鄂爾多斯的庫(kù)布齊沙漠是離北京最近的沙漠。在過(guò)去的30年里,該地在控制沙漠化方面取得了顯著的成效。1.closest考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和空前的the可知,庫(kù)布齊沙漠是離北京最近的沙漠,因此用形容詞的最高級(jí)作定語(yǔ),修飾desert。2.as考查介詞。beknownas...為固定短語(yǔ),意為"被認(rèn)為是……"。3.haveworked考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"inthepast30years"可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語(yǔ)為"thegovernment,socialorganizationsandlocalfarmers",表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填haveworked。4.finally考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句中作狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞turnedto,所以應(yīng)用副詞形式。5.built考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"Withthefirsthighway...here"為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),其中thefirsthighway與build之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,故用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。6.tomove考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。encouragesb.todosth."鼓勵(lì)某人做某事",是常用搭配,故填tomove。7.development考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的形容詞continuous可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞,作動(dòng)詞saw的賓語(yǔ),故填development。8.seconds考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的ten可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù),tenseconds意為"十秒鐘"。9.whose

考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為MengKeda,且此處表示所屬關(guān)系,故填whose。10.an考查冠詞。income為名詞,且發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭。haveanincomeof...為固定搭配,意為"有……收入",故填an。Period3

UsingLanguage教材必備知識(shí)精練一、選詞填空(使用正確的形式)1.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thenumberofjobsininformationtechnologywillgreatlyincrease

.

2.Theinsectlaytherewithitshelplesslegstrembling,unableto

.

3.Toimproveyourlistening,chooselisteningandreadingmaterialsthat

whatyouareinterestedin.

4.Evenifyoucomefromapoorfamily,don'tloseheart.Manygreatmenhaverisenfrompoverty,

,LincolnandEdison.

答案1.withoutdoubt

2.turnover

3.relateto4.forinstance inturn,forinstance,relateto,withoutdoubt,focuson,asfor,startup,inaddition,turnover,comeupwith5.Asisoftenthecase,increasedproductionwill,

,leadtoincreasedprofits.

6.

yourstrengthsdoesn'tmeanyouavoidchallengesoronlydothingsthatyouareskilledat.

7.

myfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.

8.ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.

,itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.

9.AweekbeforeEarthDay,ourclass

theideaofmakingbetteruseofusedmaterials.

10.Itissaidthatthisschool'sneweducationalreformprojectisscheduledto

inthreemonths.

答案5.inturn 6.Focusingon7.Asfor 8.Inaddition 9.cameupwith10.bestartedup/startupinturn,forinstance,relateto,withoutdoubt,focuson,asfor,startup,inaddition,turnover,comeupwith二、單句