高一英語必修一各單元知識點總結(jié)及重難點解析11

高一英語必修一各單元知識點總結(jié)及重難點解析[1][1]編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:高一英語各單元知識點總結(jié)及重難點解析Unit1-2☆重點句型☆1.Whatshouldafriendbelike詢問對方的看法2.Ithinkhe/sheshouldbe…表示個人觀點的詞語3.Ienjoyreading/I'mfondofsinging/Ilikeplayingcomputergames.等表示喜好的詞語4.Chuckisonaflightwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.“when"作并列連詞的用法5.What/Who/When/Whereisitthat...強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)6.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,...“with+賓語+賓補”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語7.Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...帶連接副詞(或代詞)的不定式做賓補的用法☆重點詞匯☆1.especiallyv.特別地2.imaginev.想像3.aloneadv./adj.單獨，孤獨的4.interestn.興趣5.everydayadj.每天的，日常的6.desertedadj.拋棄的7.huntv.搜尋8.sharev.分享9.carev.在乎，關(guān)心10.totaln.總數(shù)11.majorityn.大多數(shù)12.survivev.生存，活下來13.adventuren.冒險14.scaredadj.嚇壞的15.admitv.承認(rèn)16.whileconj.但是，而17.boringadj.令人厭煩的18.exceptprep.除……之外19.qualityn.質(zhì)量20.favouriteadj.最喜愛的☆重點短語☆1.befondof愛好2.treat…as…把……看作為……3.makefriendswith與……交朋友4.arguewithsb.about/oversth.與某人爭論某事5.huntfor尋找6.inorderto為了7.share…with與……分享8.bringin引進；賺錢9.agreat/goodmany許多…10.havedifficulty(in)doing做……有困難11.endupwith以……結(jié)束12.exceptfor除……之外13.comeabout發(fā)生14.make(a)fire生火15.makeyourselfathome別拘束16.themajorityof大多數(shù)17.dropsb.aline給某人寫短信18.forthefirsttime第一次19.atall根本；竟然20.havea(good)knowledgeof…精通……☆短語闖關(guān)☆下列短語都是這兩個單元學(xué)過的重要短語，請你根據(jù)漢語在橫線上填人一個正確的詞，每個詞4分，80分才能過關(guān)，你一定能過關(guān)，做好了闖關(guān)的準(zhǔn)備嗎那么我們就開始吧l.befond____喜歡，愛好of2.hunt____搜索。追尋，尋找o____為了order4.care____擔(dān)心，關(guān)心about5.such____例如，諸如as6.dropsba____給某人寫信(通常指寫短信)line7.makeoneselfat____別客氣home8.____total總共in9.except____除了……之外for10.stay____不睡，熬夜up11.____about發(fā)生come12.end____with以……告終up13.bring____引進，引來in14.agreat____許許多多，極多many15.be____對……深感興趣，深深迷上……into16.____theInternet上網(wǎng)surf17.____classes逃學(xué)，逃課skip18.get____聚會，相聚，聚集together19.beproud____為……感到驕傲of20.keepan____on照看，注意eye21.becurious____對……感到好奇about22.shut____(使)住口up23.joke____開玩笑about24.____thenameof以……名義in25.____thetime總是，一直all☆交際用語☆1.Ithink…Ilike/love/hate...Ienjoy...Myinterestsare...2.Didyouhaveagoodflight?Youmustbeverytired.Justmakeyourselfathome.Ibegyourpardon?Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...Getit.☆單詞聚焦☆1.arguev.的用法▲構(gòu)詞：argumentn.1.[C]爭論2.[U]討論．辯論3.[C]論據(jù)▲搭配：①arguewith/againstsb.over/on/aboutsth.與某人爭論某事②arguefor/againststh.辯論贊成／反對某事③arguethat...主張，認(rèn)為，爭辯說④arguesbinto/outofdoingsth.說服某人做／不做某事▲友情提示：“說服某人做／不做某事”還可表達為：talk/persuade/o/outofdoingsth.⑤settletheargument解決爭端▲友情提示：anargumentwithsbabout/oversth.為某事和某人而發(fā)生的爭執(zhí)【考例】Whatlaughing____wehadaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghetti(意大利式細(xì)面條)fromplatetomouth.(2004全國卷I)A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments[考查目標(biāo)]argue名詞形式的詞義。[答案與解析]Dargument的詞義是“爭辯，辯論”。2.comparev.的用法▲構(gòu)詞：comparisonn.比較▲搭配：①compare...to...比擬；比作②compare...with/to...將……和……相比較③comparenotes對筆記；交換意見【考例】____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.(2004湖北)A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared[考查目標(biāo)]compare的用法。[答案與解析]D本句compare用在句首作狀語，并有“被比較”的意思。3.considerv.的用法▲構(gòu)詞：considerationn.考慮，思考；體諒，顧及▲搭配：①considerdoingsth.考慮做某事②considersb(tobe/as)...認(rèn)為／覺得某人……③considerthat-clause認(rèn)為……④takesthintoconsideration考慮⑤underconsideration在考慮中【考例】CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(NMET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented[考查目標(biāo)]consider的幾種常見用法。[答案與解析]Cconsider本身是被動語態(tài)時，后接不定式的各種結(jié)構(gòu)。如果表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情．用不定式的完成形式。4.desertedadj.空無一人的；被遺棄的；被拋棄的(1)空無一人的adesertedstreet/area空無一人的街道，地區(qū)；Theofficewasquitedeserted.辦公室里空無一人。(2)被遺棄的adesertedchild被遺棄的孩子(3)desert['dezot]n.沙漠desert[dI'zo:t]vt.丟棄；遺棄Hedesertedhiswifeandchildrenafterbecomingrich.5.difficultyn.(1)difficulty(通常作復(fù)數(shù))難事，難點，難題Shemetwithmanydifficultieswhentravelling.(2)在以下句型中，difficulty是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。have(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.干某事有困難thereis(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.have(some)difficultywithsth.在某事上有困難thereis(some)difficultywithsth.dosth.withdifficulty/withoutdifficulty困難地／輕而易舉地做某事Wehadalotofdifficultyinfindingyourhouse.DoyouhaveanydifficultywithyourEnglish?【注意】(1)以上句型中，difficulty前可加some,little,much,alotof,no,any修飾(2)以上句型中，亦可用trouble來代替difficulty。6.favourite=favorite(A.E)最喜愛的；最喜愛的人或事物(1)adj.最喜愛的Myfavoritesportisplayingfootball.(2)n.[C]最喜愛的人或事物Heisafavoritewithhisuncle.7.fun的用法▲構(gòu)詞：funnyadj.有趣的．滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的▲搭配：①makefunof取笑；嘲弄；開某人的玩笑②(just)for/infun=(just)forthefunofit取樂，非認(rèn)真地，說／做著玩的③befulloffun……很好玩④havefunwithsb.和某人開一個玩笑⑤have(some)fun玩得(很)高興，玩得(很)開心⑥It's(great)funtodosth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真開心⑦Whatfun(itis)todosth!干某事多么有趣呀!⑧havealotoffundoingsth干某事玩得很開心【考例】(200上海春招)Thisisnotamatch.We'replay-ingchessjustfor____.A.habitB.hobbyC.funD.game[考查目標(biāo)]fun構(gòu)成的短語forfun的意思。[答案與解析]C，forfun常在句中用作狀語，意思是“說／做著玩的”。8.imagine的用法▲構(gòu)詞：①imaginationn.[C/U]想像，想像力，想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的▲搭配：①imaginesth/doingsth②beyond(all)imagination(完全)出乎意料地【考例】IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(MET1991)A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed[考查目標(biāo)]imagine的基本用法。[答案與解析]Cimagine后接動詞的-ing形式，本句的Peter是這個動名詞的邏輯主語。9.interest的用法interestvt.使……感興趣n.興趣，愛好[U]利息；利潤Hehasagreatinterestinpolitics.他對政治極感興趣。/abroadinterest廣泛的利益/acommoninterest共同的利益/astronginterest極強的興趣▲構(gòu)詞：①interesting令人感興趣的(事物)②interested(某人對某事)有興趣的▲搭配：①interestsbinsth使某人注意，關(guān)心或參入某事；使某人對某事感興趣②beinterestedin對……感興趣(關(guān)心)③haveaninterestinsth./indoingsth.對某方面有興趣(關(guān)心)；在……中有股份、權(quán)益等④holdone'sinterest吸引住某人的興趣⑤intheinterest(s)of為……利益；為……起見；對……有利⑥loseinterestin對……不再感興趣⑦show/take(an)interestin/indoingsth.對……表示關(guān)心(有興趣)⑧have/take/feelnointerestin對……不(不太)感興趣⑨withinterest有興趣地，津津有味地⑩develop/find/feelinterestinsth./indoingsth.在某方面培養(yǎng)／有興趣?loseinterestinsth./indoingsth.對某方面失去興趣有時interest可與不定冠詞連用。Hedevelopedaninterestinscience.另外：interest作“愛好”解時，是可數(shù)名詞。Hisinterestsincludereadingandtennis.【考例】____,theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogethertomakeasingleonelongstoryandpaidTracya$50,000advance.(2004全國卷II)A.InterestedB.AnxiouslyC.SeriouslyD.Encouraged[考查目標(biāo)]interest派生詞的詞義和用法。[答案與解析]Ainterested指(出版商)對這件事有興趣。10.prove的用法▲構(gòu)詞：①proofn.證據(jù)。試驗，考驗，(印刷)校樣▲搭配：①provesthtosb向某人證實……②provetosbthat從句向某人證實……③prove(oneself)tobe證明(自己)是，表現(xiàn)出【考例】Itwasintheneighboringcountry—UnitedStatesthatsuchresistancetospraywasfirst____.(05長春模擬)A.provedB.killedC.thoughtD.discussed[考查目標(biāo)]考查prove的意思。[答案與解析]A本題wasproved的意思是“得到證實”，有被動意味。11.provide的用法▲構(gòu)詞：①providern.供給者，供應(yīng)者，養(yǎng)家者②provided/providingconj.倘若▲搭配：providesbwithsth/sthtosb給……提供；以……裝備【考例】Hisson____theoldmanwithallthefoodandthemoneyheneeded.A.providedB.fedC.affordedD.charred[考查目標(biāo)]考查provide的詞義。[答案與解析]Aprovide與with搭配，意思是“向某人提供某物”。12.share的用法▲搭配：①share(in)sth.withsth.和某人分享、分擔(dān)、共用某物②sharesth(out)between/among...將某物分配、分給……③sharejoys/happinessandsorrows(withsb)(和某人)同甘共苦④shareone'sopinion同意某人的意見【考例】LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,Clare—youmustlearnto____.(NMET2000)A.supportB.careC.spareD.share[考查目標(biāo)]此題主要考查在語境中選擇動詞的能力。[答案與解析]D四個選項的含義分別為：support支持；care在意，關(guān)心；spare擠出(時間)，勻出某物；share分享，分擔(dān)，與某人合用。根據(jù)語境可知說話者是想讓Clare學(xué)會與人共享——把玩具(拿出來)和Harry一起玩，share在此意為“合用玩具”，解此題的關(guān)鍵是信息playwithyourtoysaswell。故D為最佳答案。13.solve的用法▲構(gòu)詞：solutionn.1.[C](問題的)解答；(困難的)解決方法2.[U]解答，解決3.[U]溶解▲搭配：thesolutionto解決……的辦法【考例3】Intheend,onesuggestionseemstobethesolution____theproblem.(2001北京春招)A.withB.intoC.forD.to[考查目標(biāo)]solve名詞solution的相關(guān)搭配。[答案與解析]D“對于……的解決辦法”，介詞用to。14.totaln./adj.全部(的)(1)intotal加起來Intotal,theremusthavebeen20000peoplethere.(2)atotalof總共Hisexpenses(支出)reachedatotalof$100.(3)thetotalof...……的總數(shù)Thetotal0fthebillis230dollars.15.whenconj.when并列連詞，=andthen，表示“就在那時，突然”，常見以下句型中：(1)bedoing...when...正在做……突然……Iwaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenlcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.(2)haddone...when...剛做了……突然……Ihadjustsatdownwhenthelightwentout.(3)beabouttodo...when...剛要做……突然……Iwasjustabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidesawmeandshoutedatme.16.whileconj.(1)while從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句動詞用延續(xù)性動詞，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作發(fā)生的過程之中。Comeon,getthesethingsawaywhileImakethetea.(2)并列連詞，表前后兩個分句意義相反或相對，意為“然而”。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.(3)放在句首，表示“盡管；雖然”，相當(dāng)于although。Whilewedon'tagree,wecontinuetobefriendly.【詞語比較】1.especially,speciallyespeciallyadv.特殊地；尤其是(1)側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比較突出的。Ilikeallthesubjectsatschool,especiallyEnglish.(尤其是英語)(2)especially后可接介詞短語或從句。IliketheYueluMountains,especiallyinspring.(尤其是在春天)Noiseisunpleasant,especiallywhenyouaretryingtosleep.specially側(cè)重特意地、專門地做某事(后面常接forsb.或todosth.)Imadeachocolatecakespeciallyforyou.2.boring,bored,boreboringadj.令人厭煩的Thebookisveryboring.boredadj.感到厭煩的I'mboredwiththebook.borevt.令人厭煩Thisbookboresme.有些表示情感的及物動詞，有與bore類似的用法。如：interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,astonish,move,inspire,touch,scare,disappoint,puzzle,worry這類詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，為“令人……”；過去分詞形式，為“感到……”。3.exceptfor,except,but,besides表示“除了”的詞或短語有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat(when...)等。(1)except和but都表示“除了……之外。沒有”，二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等詞后多用but。Nooneknowsourteacher'saddressexcept/buthim.(排除him)(2)besides除……之外，還……，有附加性。WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish

(English與otherlanguages都屬于know的范圍)(3)exceptfor只不過……，整體肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同類事物，for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正。Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.4.know,knowof,knowabout(1)know用作動詞，意思是“(直接地)獲知，懂得，認(rèn)識，熟悉”。Idon'tknowwhetherheishereornot./Iknowhimtobehonest.(2)knowof和knowabout的意思都是“(間接地)獲知”，指聽別人說到或從書報上看到，二者沒有什么區(qū)別。5.forexample;suchas(1)forexample“例如”，用來舉例說明某一論點或情況。一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，可位于句首、句中或句末?？捎胒orinstance替換。Forexample,airisinvisible./Hisspellingisterrible!Lookatthisword,forexample.(2)suchas“例如”，用來列舉事物，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號。SomeoftheEuropeanLanguagescomefromLatin,suchasFrench,ItalianandSpanish.[注意]如把前面所述情況全部舉出，用thatis或namely。☆短語歸納☆1.含all的短語1)firstofall首先(強調(diào)順序)2)inall(=intotal=altogether)總共3)afterall畢竟，終究4)atall到底，根本5)aboveall最重要的是(強調(diào)重要性)6)not(...)atall(=not(...)intheleast)根本不，一點也不7)allthetime始終，一直8)allofasudden(=suddenly)突然，冷不防9)allright行，可以10)allatonce立劉，馬上11)alldayandallnight日日夜夜12)allover遍及13)allalone獨個兒，獨立地14)allbut幾乎，差一點15)allinall總的說來16)alltogether一道，同時，總共17)forall盡管[例句]Iwokeupanddidn'thearhimatall.我醒了，一點兒也沒有聽到他說話。/Hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.他摔了很多跤，以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊的。/Youshouldn'tscoldher.Afterall,sheisonlyfiveyearsold.你不應(yīng)該責(zé)怪他，畢竟，她只有五歲。/Childrenneedmanythings,butaboveall,theyneedlove.孩子需要許多東西，最重要的是，需要愛。/Youmusthaveknownitallthetime.你一定一直知道這事。【考例】PeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutKaren,butIadmireher.____,sheisagreatmusician.(2004甘肅、青海)A.AfterallB.AsaresultC.InotherwordsD.Asusual[考查目標(biāo)]主要考查四個短語的用法。[答案與解析]Aafterall意為“畢竟．終究”；asaresult意為“結(jié)果”；inotherwords意為“換句話說”；asusual意為“像往常一樣”。本句意思是：雖然人們對她看法不一。但我還是佩服她。因為她畢竟是一個偉大的音樂家?！究祭縄'dliketobuyahouse--modern,comfortable,and____inaquietneighborhood.(2004福建)A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall[考查目標(biāo)]主要考查all構(gòu)成的四個短語。[答案與解析]Binall意為“總共”；aboveall意為“最重要的是”；afterall意為“畢竟”；atall意為“到底”。本句話意思是：我想買一個房子，現(xiàn)代的、舒服的，但最重要的是在一個安靜的地區(qū)。2.atall(1)用在肯定句中，“竟然”I'msurprisedthatyoucameatall.(2)用在否定句中，“一點也不”Therewasnothingtoworryaboutatall.(3)用在疑問句中，“到底”“究竟”Haveyoubeenthereatall?

(4)用在條件句中，“真的，確實”Ifyoudoitatall,doitwell.3.含“be+形容詞+介詞”的短語1)begoodat擅長于2)beinterestedin對……感興趣3)bepleased/satisfied/contentwith對……滿意4)befamousfor因……而出名5)bekind/goodto對……好6)belostin沉湎于7)beactivein在某方面積極8)besureabout/of確信9)beafraidof害怕10)befullof充滿11)befilledwith充滿12)bemadeof/from由……組成13)begenerousto對……慷慨14)bepopularwith受歡迎15)beconfidentof確信16)befondof喜歡，喜愛17)beangrywith/at對……發(fā)脾氣18)belatefor遲到19)beamazed/surprised/astonished/shockedat對……感到驚訝20)bebusydoing忙著做……21)beexcitedabout對……感到興奮22)beworriedabout擔(dān)心23)beusedfor/as用于24)becuriousabout對……好奇[例句]LinLinisconfidentofhisabilitytogetworkforhimself.林林確信自己有能力做這活。Hewasgeneroustoeverybodywithmoney,asaresult,hesavedlittle.他對誰花錢都很慷慨，結(jié)果沒有攢到多少錢。Sheisveryactiveinhelpingthepoor.在幫助窮人方面，她很熱心。Popmusicispopularwiththeyounggeneration.流行歌曲受年輕一代的歡迎。Lostinthought,hedidn'trealizethatIcamein.他陷入思考之中，沒有意識到我進來了。IwasamazedatthesightsothatIdidn'tknowwhattodo.看到這一幕我非常驚訝，不知道該做什么。StudentsinSenior3arebusypreparingforthecomingfinalexam.高三學(xué)生在忙于準(zhǔn)備即將到來的期末考試?！究祭齦】(2005重慶)--Youknow,Bobisalittleslow____understanding,so...--SoIhavetobepatient____him.A.in;withB.on;withC.in;toD.at;for[考查目標(biāo)]同定搭配中介詞的選擇。[答案與解析]Abeslowin意為“在……方面反應(yīng)遲鈍”，bepatientwith意為“對……有耐心”。4.endupwith...以……結(jié)束(1)endupwith+n.以……結(jié)束ThepartyendedupwiththesingingofAuldLangSyne.(2)endupas...最后成為…Hewillendupasapresidentsomeday.(3)endup+地點狀語最后(有……結(jié)局)Ifyoudriveyourcarlikethat,you'llend(up)inhospital.5.“make+名詞”短語①makeanoise吵鬧②makefaces做鬼臉，做苦臉③makeroomfor給……騰出地方④makethebed整理床鋪⑤makephonecalls打電話⑥makefriendswith交朋友⑦makemoney賺錢⑧makeuseof利用⑨makeadecision做出決定⑩makeamistake犯錯誤[例句]Theboymadeafaceathisteacherwhensheturnedherback.老師轉(zhuǎn)身時，男孩朝老師做了個鬼臉。Workinginthekitchenmadetheboyintoagoodcook.在廚房里干活使男孩成為一位優(yōu)秀廚師。Theyweremovedouttoanearbyhotel,tomakeroomformoreimportantpersons.為了給更重要的人物騰出地方，他們被搬到了附近的一家旅店?！究祭縏heideapuzzledmesomuchthatIstoppedforafewsecondstotryto____.(2003北京春招)A.makeitoutB.makeitoffC.makeitupD.makeitover[考查目標(biāo)]主要考查make短語。[答案與解析]Amakeout意為“領(lǐng)悟、弄明白、發(fā)現(xiàn)真相”makeoff意為“連忙跑掉”；makeup意為“彌補、打扮、組成”；makeover意為“轉(zhuǎn)讓、改造”。因為受到迷惑，所以應(yīng)該是試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)真相?！究祭?-Whenshallwestart?--Let's____itat8:30.Isthatallright(2002北京)A.setB.meetC.makeD.take[考查目標(biāo)]此題主要考查make短語。[答案與解析]Cmakeit“規(guī)定時間”為固定短語。本句話意思是“把出發(fā)的時間定在8點半”。set意思是“對時間”、“調(diào)時間”。6.makefire點火有以下fire(n.)短語:beonfire著火了(表示狀態(tài))/catchfire燃著；著火(表示動作)/playwithfire玩火；干冒險的事/Setsth.onfire=setfiretosth.放火燒……/make(a)fire點火；生火/start(cause)afire引起火災(zāi)[注意]fire作“火災(zāi)”“一堆火”解時，為可數(shù)名詞。7.agreat/goodmany許多(1)agreat/goodmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，中間無“of”。Agreatmanypeoplehaveseenthefilm.(2)agreat/goodmany+of+the/these/those/one's+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Agreatmanyofthepeoplehaveseenthefilm.8.makeyourselfathome別拘束(1)makeyourselfathome別拘束(主人對客人說的委婉語)--Goodevening,Jim.--Goodevening,Mary.Comeinandmakeyourselfathome.(2)(all)byoneself獨自(沒有別人幫助)Youcan'tpossiblydoitallbyyourself.(3)enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得高興Pleaseenjoyyourselfwhileyou'respendingyourholidayinHawaii.(4)foroneself親自;為自己Thestudentwantstothinkitforhimself./Oneshouldnotliveforoneselfalone.(5)ofoneself自動地Thedoorclosedofitselfsuddenly.(6)beoneself身體或情緒好Iamnotmyselftoday.(7)helponeselfto+n./pron.隨便……Pleasehelpyourselftothefish．(8)inoneself本身Thisisnotabadideainitself.(9)cometooneself蘇醒Theinjuredmancametohim-selfinfiveminutes.(10)betweenourselves私下說的話Allthisisbetweenourselves.9.themajorityof...大多數(shù)的……(1)a/themajorityof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞多用復(fù)數(shù)。themajority單獨作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。Themajorityofpeopleseemtopreferwatchinggamestoplayinggames./Themajoritywere(was)infavouroftheproposal.(2)byamajorityof+數(shù)字，以超過……票的多數(shù)Shewontheelectionbyamajorityof900votes.10.treat…as…把…看做…Thekindladytreatedmeasherowndaughter.【比較】表示“認(rèn)為”的短語還有：regard…as…consider…(as)…thinkof…as…lookon/upon…as…take…for…[注意]在consider…as…短語中as可省略，其他短語中不可。【句型歸納】1.Idon'tenjoysinging,nordoIlikecomputers.我不喜歡唱歌，也不喜歡電腦。/RockmusicisOK,andsoisskiing.搖滾音樂還可以，滑雪也行。這兩句中nor與so用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Idon'tknow,nordoIcare.我不知道，也不關(guān)心。so的常見句型有：(1)so+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(意為“主語也……”)(2)neither/nor+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(意為“主語也不……”)(3)soitis/waswithsb/sth和soitis/wasthesamewithsb/sth(意為“主語也……”)(用在前文有兩個或以上的從句，而且分句有不同的謂語或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系動詞義有行為動詞的情況)(4)so+主語+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞(意為“主講確實如此”)，表示進一步肯定。(5)主語+did+so(意為“主語按照吩咐做了”)?！究祭縈aryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,____.(2005全國III)A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoestooC.Johndoesn'ttooD.nordoesJohn[考查目標(biāo)]nor表示“也不”引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。[答案與解析]D由never可以判斷該句為否定句?？崭裉幘湟鉃椤凹s翰也沒讀書”。nor,so,neither可引起倒裝句。2.Chuckisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.查克是個生意人，他總是那么忙，幾乎沒有時間和朋友在一起。該句中so...that...和such...that...都能連接結(jié)果狀講從句，但要注意詞序不同。例如：Joanissuchalonelygirlthatallofuslikeher.=Sheissolovelyagirlthatwealllikeher.常見句型：(1)such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(2)such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(3)such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(4)so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(5)so+形容詞/副詞+thatclause(6)so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(7)so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+thatclause注意：①當(dāng)little不表示數(shù)量“少”而表示“小”的意思時，仍然要用such。②當(dāng)so+adj./adv.或such+n.位于句首時，主句需要倒裝?！究祭縎odifficult____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(2001上海)A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel[考查目標(biāo)]so+adj.位于句首時，主句倒裝。[答案與解析]DA、C語序不對，排除。B時態(tài)不對。3.OnedayChuckisonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.一天，查克在飛越太平洋時．他的飛機突然墜毀了。該句中的“when”表示“正在這時”，相當(dāng)于andjust或andatthattime.這時不能用while/as替換。常見句型：(1)beabouttodosthwhen...(2)bedoingsthwhen...(3)beonthepointofdoingsthwhen...【考例】Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstarted.(2004北京春招)A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before[考查目標(biāo)]"when"作連詞，表示“正在這時”。[答案與解析]A意為“我正在湖中游泳，突然暴風(fēng)雨來了?！敝挥衱hen才能用于這種句型。4.Hehastolearnhowtocollectwater,huntforfood,andmakefire.他不得不學(xué)會收集淡水．尋找食物，生火什么的。該句中的“howItocollect...”為動詞不定式短語作賓語。例如：Wemustdecidewhichonetobuy.疑問詞which,what,how,when,where等與小定式構(gòu)成不定式短語?！究祭縄'veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknewwhat____inmynewjob.(NMET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects[考查目標(biāo)]whattodosth不定式短語作賓語。[答案與解析]B該句需要填非謂語動詞。排除A、D。句意為“以前我與孩子在一塊兒工作過。因此我知道我的新工作需要什么。”C不表示進行，排除C。5.Inordertosurvive,Chuckdevelopedafriendshipwithanunusualfriend—avolleyballhecalledWilson.為了生存下去，查克和一位不尋常的朋友--“排球”建立了友誼，查克叫他威爾森。1.該句中的"inorderto"，意思為“為了，以便”，作目的狀語。在句子中作同的狀語的常見句型有五種結(jié)構(gòu)：todosth/inordertodosth/soastodosth/inorderthatclause/sothatclause注意：(1)soastodosth不能位于句首。(2)如果主句與從句的主語一致時，四個結(jié)構(gòu)可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。(3)在inorderthat/sothat引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語動詞常與can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動詞連用?！究祭?2005北京)I'dliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat[考查目標(biāo)]目的狀語。[答案與解析]Dassoonas“一…就…”；asaresult“結(jié)果是”；incase“萬一”；sothat“以便，為的是”。句意：“我想提前二十分鐘到以便有時間喝杯茶”。2.該句子中volleyball是作同位語。例如：Headvisedfarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theonesthathadthebestcolor.注意：這種同位語(不是同位語從句)與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別?！究祭?NMET2002)Meetingmyuncleaftertheseyearswasanunforgottenmoment,____Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what[考查目標(biāo)]one作同位語，指代amoment。[答案與解析]Bthat不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，排除A；if不能作同位語，排除C；what既不能引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句，也不能作同位語。可以填which，這樣就成了非限制性定語從句。6.ForalongtimethelanguageinAmericastayedthesame,whilethelanguageinEnglandchanged.長期以來，美國英語保持不變，但英國英語變化了。1.該句中的“while"用作并列連詞．表示前后對比，意為“然而”?！皐hile"充當(dāng)連詞，還能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。意為“duringthetimethat…”；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“although…”。2.該句中的"stay"為系動詞。后接表語(thesame)。除了stay外，常見的系動詞還有:become,get,turn,grow,go,come,run,fall,keep,stay,remain?！究祭?NMET2003)Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge

Itwill____freshforseveraldays.

A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed[考查目標(biāo)]系動詞的用法。[答案與解析]B系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，一般不用進行時態(tài)，排除A、C；句意不是表示完成，排除D。系動詞表示狀態(tài)。7.forthefirsttime第一次(1)forthefirsttime第一次，后面不加從句，在句中作狀語TheycametoBeijingforthefirsttime.(2)thefirsttime名詞短語，在從句中充當(dāng)連詞，后接時間狀語從句，不接that，when等連詞。有同樣用法的短語還有：everytime;nexttime;thelasttimeTheylikedBeijingthefirsttimetheywentthere.(3)It's/Thisisthefirsttimethat+從句(用現(xiàn)在完成時)這是……的第一次It'sthefirsttimethatIhaveeverbeenabroadatall.8.Whatisitthat...是什么……

強調(diào)句的用法：(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/Itwas(過去時間)+被強調(diào)部分+that/who(專指人)+其他部分(2)用法：除了謂語動詞不能強調(diào)，句子的每部分均可強調(diào)。Jimmetthestudentinthestreetlastweek.主語賓語地點狀語時間狀語強調(diào)主語：ItwasJimwho/thatmetthestudentinthestreetlastweek.強調(diào)賓語：Itwasthestudentwhom/thatJimmetinthestreetlastweek.強調(diào)地點狀語：ItwasinthestreetthatJimmetthestudentlastweek.強調(diào)時間狀語：ItwaslastweekthatJimmetthestudentinthestreet.(3)注意點：一般疑問句的強調(diào)句：WasitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?特殊疑問句的強凋句：Whoisitthatwillvisitourclass?

Whereisitthathehasgone?Whenwasitthatshewent?not…until…用于強調(diào)句：ItwasnotuntilthenthatIrealizedIwaswrong.【交際速成】1.Talkingaboutlikesanddislikes.談?wù)撓矚g和不喜歡--IenjoyChinesefoodverymuch.--____.(03東北三校)A.PleasetastequicklyB.Havemore,pleaseC.HelpyourselfD.Eatslowlywhileitishot[答案與解析]C本題主要考查具體語境下“對事物喜好”的表達及應(yīng)答。A項不禮貌，B、D兩項屬漢語習(xí)慣，C項符合此時英語語境。【歸納】英語中常見表達喜歡和不喜歡態(tài)度的用語有：(1)Thisbookisveryinteresting.(2)Ilike/lovethemovie(verymuch).(3)Ilike/lovetoplaycomputergames.(4)Iliketakingphotos.(5)Ienjoylisteningtomusic.(6)I'minterestedinscience.Myhobbies/interestsare...(7)Heisfondofmusic.(8)Thissongisbad/awful.(9)Idon'tlikethemovieverymuch/atall.(10)Idon'tenjoycollectingstamps.(11)Ihatetodohomework.Ihatedancing,(12)I'mnotintoclassicmusic.(13)Ithinkthatclassicmusicisterrible/boring.2.Makingapologies道歉--I'msorryI'mcallingyousolate.--____Okay.(2003北京春招)A.ThisisB.You'reC.That'sD.I'm[答案與解析]C本題主要考查英語中道歉及應(yīng)答用語。A、B、D三項不符合交際英語的習(xí)慣，故C項正確?！練w納】英語中常見道歉用語有：(1)I'mverysorry.Ididn'tmeanto(hurtyourfeelings).(2)I'mterriblysorryaboutthat.(3)I'mafraidI'vebroughtyoutoomuchtrouble.(4)Pleaseexcusemecominglate.(5)Pleaseforgiveme.(6)Excuseme,please.(7)Ibegyourpardon.應(yīng)答表達有：(1)That's/It'sallright.(2)That's/It'sOK.(3)Nevermind.(4)Itdoesn'tmatter.(5)It'snothing.(6)Forgetit.(7)Don'tworryaboutthat.(8)Don'tmentionit.3.Talkingaboutlanguagedifficultiesincommunication談?wù)撜Z言交際困難--I'msorry.Ican'tcatchyou.____--OK,it'sB—L—A—C—K.A.Wouldyoupleasewalkslowly?

B.Idon'tunderstandyou．C.What'sthemeaningofthisword?D.Wouldyoupleaserepeatitmoreslowly?[答案與解析]D本題主要考查語言交際困難的功能意念。catch在整個語境中是“聽見，聽清”的意思，A項錯誤理解了catch在此處的意思，B、C兩項語義不連貫，故正確答案是D?！練w納】英語中常見的談?wù)撜Z言交際困難的用語有：(1)Pardon/Ibegyourpardon.(2)Sorry,Ican'tfollowyou.(3)Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please?(4)Howdoyousay...inEnglish.'(5)Idon'tknowhowtosaythatinEnglish.(6)Idon'tknowthewordinEnglish.(7)Howdoyouspellit,please?(8)I'msorryIonlyknowalittleEnglish.(9)Couldyourepeatthat,pleaseCouldyousaythatagain,please?(10)Whatdoyoumeanbykillingtime?【精典題例】1.--Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.--____,and____.A.Sohehas;sohaveyouB.Sohashe;sohaveyouC.Sohehas;soyouhaveD.Sohashe;soyouhave【解析】選A答句中的he指David，不倒裝?！癝ohaveyou”意為“你也一樣(取得了進步)”。2.Little____whatothersthink.A.doeshecareaboutB.careheaboutC.aboutheearedD.aboutcaredhe【解析】選Alittle為否定副詞，置于句首時，句子使用部分倒裝。3.Atschool,whatheenjoys____football.A.playingB.toplayC.isplayingD.played【解析】選Cwhatheenjoys為主語從句，謂語動詞為be，表語為playingfootball。不要誤以為playing是enjoy的賓語而誤選A。4.Atthe____news,allthewomenpresentburstoutcrying.A.unexpectingB.disappointingC.disappointedD.interesting【解析】選B聯(lián)系語境，所有在場的婦女都哭了，因此為disappointing"令人失望的(消息)”。5.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret____someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when【解析】選D"when"表示“就在這時，突然”。6.Thewolfsaidina____voiceandthescholarfelt____.A.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frightened;frighteningD.frightening;frightening【解析】選Afrightening“令人害怕”；frightened“感到害怕”。7.Inour____life,Englishis____used.A.everyday;wideB.everyday;widelyC.everyday;wideD.everyday;widely【解析】選Beveryday“日常的，每天的”；widely“廣泛地”。8.--Hello,Mary.I'vegotagirlfriend.--What'sshelike?--____.A.Idon'tknowB.She'slikehermother,notfatherC.ShelikesmusicD.Nothad!Quitepretty【解析】選D表外表給人的印象。9.Thefire____forhalfanhourbeforethefirefightersarrived.A.hadputoutB.wasputoutC.hadbeenoutD.hadbrokenout【解析】選Cbeout"火熄滅”，表示狀態(tài)。10.Ithasbeensuggestedthattheland____equallyamongthepeasants.A.besharedB.shouldbesparedC.savedD.bespent【解析】選Asuggest后用虛擬語氣。beshared前可省略should。11.Shetook____inphysicsandread____onthesubject.A.interest;asbooksmanyasshecouldB.aninterest;asmanybooksasshecouldC.interested;asmanybooksasshecanD.interests;asbooksasshecould【解析】選B根據(jù)短語搭配和時態(tài)一致可知。12.--How'stheyoungman--____.A.He'stwentyB.He'sadoctorC.HeismuchbetterD.He'sDavid【解析】選Chowissb.“某人身體如何”。13.LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell.Clare,youmustlearnto____.A.supportB.careC.spareD.share【解析】選Dshare“分享”；support“支持”；care“在意”；spare“抽出(時間)。節(jié)余”。14.Thenewdresslookswonderfulonyou____thecollar.A.besidesB.exceptC.besideD.