CarbonTaxofBoulder-美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件

Boulder’sCarbonTax:

History&ImplementationJonathanKoehnEnvironmentalAffairsManager,CityofBoulder,ColoradoGRA2007ResearchConferenceAugust7,2007Boulder’sCarbonTax:

History1Cancitiesreallymakeadifference?ClimateChange?Cancitiesreallymakeadiffe2Whatwe’lltalkabout:OrientyoutoBoulderDevelopmentofBoulder’sClimateActionPlanTheCarbonTax2007ImplementationPlansWhatwillthefuturehold?Whatwe’lltalkabout:Orienty3CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件4CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件5CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件6CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件7Boulder’sPoliticalContextsmartpolicydecisionsoverthedecadeshavecreatedasolidfoundationfromwhichtobuildfinancialresources,communitysupport,andpoliticalwilltobeaninnovatorandleader“powerful”municipalimageinColoradoBoulder’sPoliticalContextsm8ClimateChangeintheNewsClimateChangeintheNews9thinkouthere

….SustainabilityisaboutproblemsolvingBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:

Howwegotherethink….Sustainabilityi10Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

HowwegothereMay2002:BoulderCityCounciladoptsKyotoProtocolgoalsforthecity:

“Reducecommunity-widegreenhouse gasemissionsto7%below1990levels by2012.”2003:volunteergroupdevelopsframeworkforClimateActionPlan;cityspends$100,000developingadetailedGHGinventoryBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:11Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

HowwegothereNovember2004:CityCouncilappropriates$258,000annuallyin2005and2006forGHGreductionprogramsanddevelopmentofaClimateActionPlan(CAP),includinglong-termfundingoptions2005:Council,staff,andkeystakeholdersdevelopoverarchingstrategiesfortheCAPandexplorefundingoptions;staffbeginsrampinguplimitedprogramsBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:12Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

Howwegothere2006:ClimateActionPlanCommitteeshepherdsCAPtowardcompletion;adoptedbycitycouncilinJuneCouncildeterminescarbontaxisbestrevenuesourceforimplementation,placestaxonNovemberballotMeasurepasses,60.5%infavor,39.5%opposedBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:13Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsTaxonelectricityconsumption15%Boulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific14Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsMaximizevoluntaryemissionsreductionsthrough:Education,outreachandmarketingReducingbarrierstoenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergyConnectingresidentsandbusinesseswithavailablerebatesandtaxcreditsBoulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific15Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsAppliestoallelectricitycustomersinthecityNotaxchargedforgreenpowercustomersRatessetindirectproportiontoexpectedprogramsectorexpendituresRatescanbere-setdependingonprogramneedsRatescanbeincreasedby20%Sunsetsin2012Willraiseapproximately$1millionperyearBoulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific16Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsSectorRates:centsperkillowatt-hourResidential0.22Commercial0.04Industrial0.02Boulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific17ClimateActionPlan

StrategiesIncreaseenergyefficiencySwitchtorenewableenergyandvehiclefuelsReducevehiclemilestraveledMaximizevoluntaryemissionsreductionsthrough:Education,outreachandmarketingConnectingresidentsandbusinesseswithavailablerebatesandtaxcreditsProvidingservicesnotofferedintheBouldermarketClimateActionPlan

Strategie182005EmissionsbySector2005EmissionsbySector19ResidentialSector

Characteristics17%oftotalGHGemissionsApproximately51,030residentialunits,45%single-familyand55%multi-familydwellingsRoughlyhalfofhousingunitsarerentalpropertiesResidentialSector

Characteris20EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsIncome–QualifiedWeatherization2007Budget:$40,000,for20homesIncreasedincomeguidelinesto78.5%ofAMI(HUD+10%)andopenedtorentersMeasuresinclude:InsulationFurnacereplacementRefrigeratorreplacementProgrammablethermostatDuctsealingCFLsConsideringevaporativecoolingEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg21EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsResidentialEnergyAuditProgram2007Budget:$33,450218homesinthecityofBoulderHomeownerpays$100oftheauditcostEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg22EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsBoulderEnergyBrigade2007budget$30,0002006pilottargeted550homeswithkits,andconducted631-hourauditsProgramhighlights:Deliverkitswithlow-cost,no-costefficiencymeasuresandeducationalliteratureEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg23CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件24EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsMulti-FamilyUnitAudits4MFUsauditedin20062007budget-$25,000Waterconservationmatchingbudget2007Goal–15buildingsaswellasworkingwithpropertyownerstoimplementrecommendationsEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg25EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsHomePerformancew/ENERGYSTAR(HPwES)2007budget:$20,000IntensivecontractortrainingaimedtotransformmarketCFLgiveaway/buydown2007budget:$9,000focusonbuy-downandcouponprograminconjunctionwithXcel’sbuydownConservED:100thHumanInitiative2007pilotbudget:$3,000EnergyImpactAnalysesfor30homesEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg26EnergyEfficiency

ResidentialProgramstobedevelopedin2007HomeEnergyMakeoverRefrigeratorRound-upInsulationBuy-downPublicHousingRetrofitsUpdatedLightingProgramIntegrateGreenBuildingPrograms–TrainingandEducationEnergyEfficiency

Residential27CommercialSector

CharacteristicsContext:1,600+CommercialBuildings30millionsqftofspace38%ofBoulder’semissionsGoalsthrough2012:20%reductioninelectricityuse5%reductioninnaturalgasconsumptionReach1/3ofcommercialbuildingstock

CommercialSector

Characterist28CommercialSector

2007WorkPlanEnergyEfficiencyBudget:$128,000Goal:500,000kWhreductionsimplementedStrategies:EstablishTradeAllynetworkFocusedandrobusttrainingforpropertyowners,managers,andcontractorsonbuildingenergyefficiencyandXcelEnergyrebatesCommercialSector

2007WorkPl29CommercialSector

XcelEnergyCommercialrebatesandotherprogramsCoolingefficiencyCompressedAirefficiencyCustomEfficiencyEnergyDesignAssistanceEnergyManagementSystemLightingEfficiencyMotorEfficiencyRecommissioningCommercialSector

XcelEnergyC30RenewableEnergy

ProgramsBoulderWindChallengeSolarpromotionIdeas:NeighborhoodrenewableenergycompetitionsBulkpurchasesofsolarequipmentCollaboratewithlocalREsuppliersandnonprofitstomaximizevisibilityandpromotionRenewableEnergy

ProgramsBould31IndustrialSectorJust13industrialcustomersinBoulder9%ofGHGemissionsFocuswillbeonleveragingXcelEnergyprogramsLookingintoindustrial“self-direct”approachIndustrialSectorJust13indus32Transportation27%oftotalGHGemissionsGoal:Reduceemissionsby40,000tonsby2012FocusofCAPwillbeonpromotingandincreasingaccesstorenewablefuelsandpromotinghighly-efficiencyandflex-fuelvehiclesTransportation27%oftotalGHG33GHGEmissionsReductions

persectorby2012(mtCO2e)SectorEnergyEfficiencyRenewableEnergyTotalResidential30,22816,91447,142Commercial30,85232,08862,940Industrial10,89621,00031,896CityOperations4,2484,0028,250GHGEmissionsReductions

pers34SummaryofResultsActionsGHGemissionsreductionby2012%oftargetLifetimeenergycostsavings(millions)Privatesectorinvestmentby2012(millions)Publicsectorcostby2012(millions)PublicsectorcostpertonEnergyEfficiency76,00022$64$35.6$3.3-$463RenewableEnergy204,00058-$0.90$1.4$11Transportation40,00011notestimatednotestimated$0.5$1EducationandOutreach30,0009notestimated-$1.2$20TOTAL350,000100$64$36.5$6.5-$89SummaryofResultsActionsGHGe35NextStepsClimateActionPlanefforts:ProgrambrandingAwardsprogramsCAPSymposiumOtherpolicyefforts:SolarrebatesandmunicipalsolarinstallationsBuildingenergycodesRenewableEnergyinvestmentsMunicipalizationNextStepsClimateActionPlan36Boulder’sCarbonTax:

Whatwe’velearnedCitycouncilandcitymanagementleadershipandcommitmentiscriticalInvolveyourresidentsindesigningyourplanandapproachEngageyourkeycommunitystakeholders–andlistentowhattheyhavetosayKeeptheissueinfrontofyourcommunityBoulder’sCarbonTax:

Whatwe’37ContactInformation:ContactInformation:38Boulder’sCarbonTax:

History&ImplementationJonathanKoehnEnvironmentalAffairsManager,CityofBoulder,ColoradoGRA2007ResearchConferenceAugust7,2007Boulder’sCarbonTax:

History39Cancitiesreallymakeadifference?ClimateChange?Cancitiesreallymakeadiffe40Whatwe’lltalkabout:OrientyoutoBoulderDevelopmentofBoulder’sClimateActionPlanTheCarbonTax2007ImplementationPlansWhatwillthefuturehold?Whatwe’lltalkabout:Orienty41CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件42CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件43CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件44CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件45Boulder’sPoliticalContextsmartpolicydecisionsoverthedecadeshavecreatedasolidfoundationfromwhichtobuildfinancialresources,communitysupport,andpoliticalwilltobeaninnovatorandleader“powerful”municipalimageinColoradoBoulder’sPoliticalContextsm46ClimateChangeintheNewsClimateChangeintheNews47thinkouthere

….SustainabilityisaboutproblemsolvingBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:

Howwegotherethink….Sustainabilityi48Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

HowwegothereMay2002:BoulderCityCounciladoptsKyotoProtocolgoalsforthecity:

“Reducecommunity-widegreenhouse gasemissionsto7%below1990levels by2012.”2003:volunteergroupdevelopsframeworkforClimateActionPlan;cityspends$100,000developingadetailedGHGinventoryBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:49Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

HowwegothereNovember2004:CityCouncilappropriates$258,000annuallyin2005and2006forGHGreductionprogramsanddevelopmentofaClimateActionPlan(CAP),includinglong-termfundingoptions2005:Council,staff,andkeystakeholdersdevelopoverarchingstrategiesfortheCAPandexplorefundingoptions;staffbeginsrampinguplimitedprogramsBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:50Boulder’sClimateActionPlan:

Howwegothere2006:ClimateActionPlanCommitteeshepherdsCAPtowardcompletion;adoptedbycitycouncilinJuneCouncildeterminescarbontaxisbestrevenuesourceforimplementation,placestaxonNovemberballotMeasurepasses,60.5%infavor,39.5%opposedBoulder’sClimateActionPlan:51Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsTaxonelectricityconsumption15%Boulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific52Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsMaximizevoluntaryemissionsreductionsthrough:Education,outreachandmarketingReducingbarrierstoenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergyConnectingresidentsandbusinesseswithavailablerebatesandtaxcreditsBoulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific53Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsAppliestoallelectricitycustomersinthecityNotaxchargedforgreenpowercustomersRatessetindirectproportiontoexpectedprogramsectorexpendituresRatescanbere-setdependingonprogramneedsRatescanbeincreasedby20%Sunsetsin2012Willraiseapproximately$1millionperyearBoulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific54Boulder’sCarbonTax:

SpecificsSectorRates:centsperkillowatt-hourResidential0.22Commercial0.04Industrial0.02Boulder’sCarbonTax:

Specific55ClimateActionPlan

StrategiesIncreaseenergyefficiencySwitchtorenewableenergyandvehiclefuelsReducevehiclemilestraveledMaximizevoluntaryemissionsreductionsthrough:Education,outreachandmarketingConnectingresidentsandbusinesseswithavailablerebatesandtaxcreditsProvidingservicesnotofferedintheBouldermarketClimateActionPlan

Strategie562005EmissionsbySector2005EmissionsbySector57ResidentialSector

Characteristics17%oftotalGHGemissionsApproximately51,030residentialunits,45%single-familyand55%multi-familydwellingsRoughlyhalfofhousingunitsarerentalpropertiesResidentialSector

Characteris58EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsIncome–QualifiedWeatherization2007Budget:$40,000,for20homesIncreasedincomeguidelinesto78.5%ofAMI(HUD+10%)andopenedtorentersMeasuresinclude:InsulationFurnacereplacementRefrigeratorreplacementProgrammablethermostatDuctsealingCFLsConsideringevaporativecoolingEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg59EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsResidentialEnergyAuditProgram2007Budget:$33,450218homesinthecityofBoulderHomeownerpays$100oftheauditcostEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg60EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsBoulderEnergyBrigade2007budget$30,0002006pilottargeted550homeswithkits,andconducted631-hourauditsProgramhighlights:Deliverkitswithlow-cost,no-costefficiencymeasuresandeducationalliteratureEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg61CarbonTaxofBoulder__美國(guó)波爾多市碳稅課件62EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsMulti-FamilyUnitAudits4MFUsauditedin20062007budget-$25,000Waterconservationmatchingbudget2007Goal–15buildingsaswellasworkingwithpropertyownerstoimplementrecommendationsEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg63EnergyEfficiency

CurrentProgramsHomePerformancew/ENERGYSTAR(HPwES)2007budget:$20,000IntensivecontractortrainingaimedtotransformmarketCFLgiveaway/buydown2007budget:$9,000focusonbuy-downandcouponprograminconjunctionwithXcel’sbuydownConservED:100thHumanInitiative2007pilotbudget:$3,000EnergyImpactAnalysesfor30homesEnergyEfficiency

CurrentProg64EnergyEfficiency

ResidentialProgramstobedevelopedin2007HomeEnergyMakeoverRefrigeratorRound-upInsulationBuy-downPublicHousingRetrofitsUpdatedLightingProgramIntegrateGreenBuildingPrograms–TrainingandEducationEnergyEfficiency

Residential65CommercialSector

CharacteristicsContext:1,600+CommercialBuildings30millionsqftofspace38%ofBoulder’semissionsGoalsthrough2012:20%reductioninelectricityuse5%reductioninnaturalgasconsumptionReach1/3ofcommercialbuildingstock

CommercialSector

Characterist66CommercialSector

2007WorkPlanEnergyEfficiencyBudget:$128,000Goal:500,000kWhreductionsimplementedStrategies:EstablishTradeAllynetworkFocusedandrobusttrainingforpropertyowners,managers,andcontractorsonbuildingenergyefficiencyandXcelEnergyrebatesCommercialSector

2007WorkPl67CommercialSector

XcelEnergyCommercialrebatesandotherprogramsCoolingefficiencyCompressedAirefficiencyCustomEfficiencyEnergyDesignAssistanceEnergyManagementSystemLightingEfficiencyMotorEfficiencyRecommissioningCommercialSector

XcelEnergyC68RenewableEnergy

ProgramsBoulderWindChallengeSolarpromotionIdeas:NeighborhoodrenewableenergycompetitionsBulkpurchasesofsolarequipmentCollaboratewithlocalREsuppliersandnonprofitstomaximizevisibilityandpromotionRenewableEnergy

ProgramsBould69IndustrialSectorJust13industrialcustomersinBoulder9%ofGHGemissionsFocuswillbeonleveragingXcelEnergyprogramsLookingintoindus