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PAGEPAGE79引子:鑒于現(xiàn)在對(duì)外交流事例逐漸增多,英文合同特別是經(jīng)濟(jì)合同的翻譯愈顯重要,若譯文不準(zhǔn)確或不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),勢(shì)必會(huì)引起不必要的經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛.故今以一英文(經(jīng)濟(jì))合同寫作書籍為藍(lán)本,錄入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(經(jīng)濟(jì))合同的翻譯和寫作。
合同文件是合同雙方簽訂并必須遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)體現(xiàn)其權(quán)威性.英文合同用語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)之一就表現(xiàn)在用詞上,即選擇那些法律用詞,以及正式用詞,使合同表達(dá)的意思準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤,達(dá)到雙方對(duì)合同中使用的詞無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議的程度。
一.hereby
英文釋義:bymeansof,byreasonofthis
中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲
用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ);在條款中需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可用。
語(yǔ)法:一般置于主語(yǔ)后,緊鄰主語(yǔ).
例1:
TheEmployerherebycovenantstopaytheContractorinconsiderationoftheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofdefectsthereintheContractPriceorsuchothersumasmaybecomepayableundertheprovisionsoftheContractatthetimeandinthemannerprescribedbytheContract.
參考譯文:
業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價(jià),或合同規(guī)定的其它應(yīng)支付的款項(xiàng),以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補(bǔ)工程中缺陷的報(bào)酬。
注釋:
(1)hereby:byreasonofthis特此
(2)covenant:v.makeaformalagreement立約,簽訂合同、條約;n.legalagreement具有法律約束的正式合同
(3)completionoftheWorks:工程的竣工
(4)therein:intheWorks在本工程中
(5)theContractPrice:合同總價(jià),指工程的總造價(jià)
(6)such...as:關(guān)系代詞,相當(dāng)于that,which
(7)under:inaccordancewith根據(jù),按照
(8)theprovisionsoftheContract:termsandconditionsoftheContract合同條款
例2:
Weherebycertifytothebestofourknowledgethattheforegoingstatementistrueandcorrectandallavailableinformationanddatahavebeensuppliedherein,andthatweagreetoprovidedocumentaryproofuponyourrequest.
注釋:
(1)hereby:特此
(2)tothebestofourknowledge:asfarasweknow據(jù)我們所知
(3)foregoingstatement:above-mentionedstatement上述聲明
(4)herein:inthis,inthestatement在聲明中
(5)documentaryproof:證明文件
參考譯文:
特此證明,據(jù)我們所知,上述聲明內(nèi)容真實(shí),正確無(wú)誤,并提供了全部現(xiàn)有的資料和數(shù)據(jù),我們同意,應(yīng)貴方要求出具證明文件。
例3:
ThisContractisherebymadeandconcludedbyandbetween
Co.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)and
Co.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB)on
(Date),in
(Place),China,ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefitandthroughamicableconsultation.
注釋:
(1)hereby:特此
(2)hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA:以下稱甲方
(3)ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefit:在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上
(4)throughamicableconsultation:通過(guò)友好協(xié)商
參考譯文:
本合同雙方,
公司(以下稱甲方)與
公司(以下稱乙方),在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)友好協(xié)商,于
年
月
日在中國(guó)
(地點(diǎn)),特簽訂本合同。
例4:
Thisagreementisherebymadeandenteredintoon
(Date),byandbetween
Co.China(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)and
Co.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB).
注釋:
(1)thisagreementisherebymadeandenteredinto:特此訂立本協(xié)議
在法律文件中表示“訂立本協(xié)議”可用以下4個(gè)動(dòng)詞:sign(make,concludeorenterinto)thisagreement,按照同義詞連用的寫作特點(diǎn),可用上述4個(gè)動(dòng)詞中的兩個(gè)來(lái)表示)。
(2)hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB:以下簡(jiǎn)稱乙方
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議特由中國(guó)
公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱甲方)與
公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱乙方)于
年
月
日訂立。二
hereof
英文釋義:ofthis
中文譯詞:關(guān)于此點(diǎn);在本文件中
用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”時(shí),使用該詞。例如表示本合同條件、條款時(shí),可以說(shuō)“theterms,conditionsandprovisionshereof”,這里hereof表示“ofthisContract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分,可用“anypartshereof”,這里hereof表示“ofthisWorks”。
語(yǔ)法:一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面,與之緊鄰。
hereof和thereof的區(qū)別:hereof強(qiáng)調(diào)“ofthis”。例如,上面的“theterms,conditionsandprovisionsthereof”中的thereof表示oftheContract;“anypartsthereof”中的thereof表示oftheWorks。
例1
WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot,theownerofthegoodsshall,withoutinterruption,bydayandnight,includingSundaysandholidays(ifrequiredbythecarrier),supplyandtakedeliveryofthegoods.Providedthattheownerofthegoodsshallbeliableforalllossesordamagesincludingdemurrageincurredindefaultontheprovisionshereof.
注釋:
(1)WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot:不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反,whether…ornot:不論……是否
(2)theownerofthegoods:貨方
(3)withoutinterruption:無(wú)間斷地
(4)carrier:承運(yùn)人
(5)indefaultontheprovisionshereof:違反本款規(guī)定hereof:ofthisClause
參考譯文:
不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反,貨方都應(yīng)晝夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承運(yùn)人需要),無(wú)間斷地提供和提取貨物。貨方對(duì)違反本款規(guī)定所引起的所有損失或損壞,包括滯期應(yīng)負(fù)擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。
例2
ForeigntradedealersasmentionedinthisLawshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,coversuchlegalentitiesandotherorganizationasareengagedinforeigntradedealings.
注釋:
(1)foreigntradedealers:對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營(yíng)者
(2)asmentionedinthisLaw:本法所稱
(3)theprovisionshereof:theprovisionsofthisLaw本法規(guī)定
(4)legalentity:法人
(5)beengagedinforeigntradedealings:從事對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)
參考譯文:
本法所稱對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營(yíng)者,是指依照本法規(guī)定從事對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)的法人和其他組織。
例3
TheestablishmentofalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbysharesshallcomplywiththeconditionsandprovisionsofthisLaw.Acompanycomplyingwiththeconditionsandprovisionshereofmayberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbyshares.Providedthatifacompanyfailstocomplywiththeconditionsandprovisionshereof,thecompanyinquestionshallnotberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbyshares.
注釋:
(1)alimitedliabilitycompany:有限責(zé)任公司
(2)acompanylimitedbyshares:股份有限公司
(3)provisionshereof:本法規(guī)定hereof:ofthisLaw
(4)mayberegisteredas:登記為
參考譯文:
設(shè)立有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司,必須符合本法規(guī)定的條件。符合本法規(guī)定的條件的,登記為有限責(zé)任公司或者股份有限公司;不符合本法規(guī)定的條件的,不得登記為有限責(zé)任公司或股份有限公司。
例4
If,asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons,anarbitratorfailstoperformhisdutiesasanarbitrator,anotherarbitratorshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,beselectedorappointed.
注釋:
(1)asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons:回避或者其它原因
(2)arbitrator:仲裁員
(3)theprovisionshereof:theprovisionsofthisLaw本法規(guī)定
(4)beselectedorappointed:選定或指定
參考譯文:
仲裁員因回避或者其它原因不能履行職責(zé)的,應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法規(guī)定重新選定或指定仲裁員。
例5
IntheeventofconflictbetweentheprovisionsonarbitrationformulatedandpreparedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawandtheprovisionsofthisLaw,theprovisionshereofshallprevail.
注釋:
(1)conflict:相抵觸
(2)priortotheeffectivedateofthisLaw:本法施行前
(3)theprovisionshereofshallprevail:以本法為準(zhǔn)hereof:ofthisLaw
參考譯文:
本法施行前制定的有關(guān)仲裁的規(guī)定與本法的規(guī)定相抵觸的,以本法為準(zhǔn)。
例6
Where,inaccordancewithlaws,thecircumstance(s)specifiedinArticle15andArticle16ofthisLawis/areconfirmed,theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligationsshallpaycompensationinanyofthecircumstanceinquestion.
WheretheclaimantforcompensationdemandstheconfirmationofoneofthecircumstancesspecifiedinArticle15andArticle16hereof,andthedemandedorganizationrefusestomaketheconfirmation,theclaimantshallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint.Wheretheclaimantclaimscompensation,theclaim,shall,first,belodgedtotheorganizationforcompensatoryobligations.
TheprovisionsofArticle10,Article11andArticle12hereofshallapplyto/intheproceduresofcompensation.
注釋:
(1)theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligations:賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)
(2)shallpaycompensation:應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償
(3)theclaimantforcompensation:賠償請(qǐng)求人
(4)Article15andArticle16hereof:本法第十五條、第十六條hereof:ofthisLaw
(5)shallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint:有權(quán)申訴
(6)claimscompensation:要求賠償
(7)applyto/in:適用MoreExamples:Thecommentappliesequallyhere./Thatargumentdoesnotapplyinthiscase./Thatappliestoatleastnine-tenthsofthepeopleweseeabout./Theseremarksapplytoeverytowninthiskingdom./Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.
參考譯文:
賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)依法確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定的情形之一的,應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償。
賠償請(qǐng)求人要求確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定情形之一的,被要求的機(jī)關(guān)不予確認(rèn)的,賠償請(qǐng)求人有權(quán)申訴。賠償請(qǐng)求人要求賠償,應(yīng)當(dāng)先向賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)提出。賠償程序適用本法第十條、第十一條、第十二條的規(guī)定。
例7
IfanarbitratorinvolvedinoneofcircumstancesspecifiedinItem4,Article34ofthisLaw,andifitisserious,orthosespecifiedinItem6,Article58hereof,thearbitratorinquestionshall,inaccordancewiththelaw,bearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility.Thearbitrationcommissionshallremovethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfromthelistofarbitrators.
注釋:
(1)arbitrator:仲裁員
(2)Article58hereof:本法第五十八條hereof:ofthisLaw
(3)bearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility:承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任
(4)thearbitrationcommission:仲裁委員會(huì)
(5)removethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfromthelistofarbitrators:將其除名
參考譯文:
仲裁員有本法第三十四條第四項(xiàng)規(guī)定的情形,情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的,或者有本法第五十八條第六項(xiàng)規(guī)定的情形的,應(yīng)當(dāng)依法承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任,仲裁委員會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)將其除名。
例8
If,pursuanttothisLaw,therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovalsfailtograntapprovaltosuchanapplicationasmeetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof,orthecompanyregistrationauthoritiesfailtoregisteracompanywhoseapplicationmeetstherequirementshereof,thepartyinquestionmay,inaccordancewithlaws,applyforreconsiderationorbringanadministrativesuit.
注釋:
(1)therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovals:履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門
(2)meetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof:符合本法條件
(3)thecompanyregistrationauthorities:負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門
(4)therequirementshereof:本法條件hereof:ofthisLaw
(5)applyforreconsideration:申請(qǐng)復(fù)議
(6)bringanadministrativesuit:提起行政訴訟
參考譯文:
依照本法,履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門,對(duì)符合本法條件的申請(qǐng)不予批準(zhǔn),或負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門不予登記,當(dāng)事人可以依法申請(qǐng)復(fù)議或者提起行政訴訟。
例9
ThisDecisionshallapplytothecrimescommittedagainstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereofbythestaffandworkersofenterprisesotherthanlimitedliabilitycompaniesandcompanieslimitedbyshares.
注釋:
(1)thecrimescommitted:犯罪行為
(2)againstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereof:犯有本決定第九條、第十條、第十一條規(guī)定hereof:ofthisDecision
參考譯文:
有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司以外的企業(yè)職工有本決定第九條、第十條、第十一條規(guī)定的犯罪行為的,適用本決定。
例10
CompaniesregisteredandestablishedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawshall,inaccordancewithLaws,administrativeregulations,localregulationsandpursuanttothe“StandardOpiniononLimitedLiabilityCompanies”orthe“StandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares”issuedbytherelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil,continuetoexist.
ThosecompaniesnotcompletelysatisfyingtherequirementsofthisLawshall,withinthespecifiedtimelimit,meettherequirementshereof.SpecificmethodsforimplementationofthisLawwillbesetoutinseparateregulationsissuedbytheStateCouncil.
注釋:
(1)companiesregistered:已登記成立的公司
(2)the“StandardOpiniononLimitedLiabilityCompanies”:《有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見(jiàn)》
(3)the“StandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares”:《股份有限公司規(guī)范意見(jiàn)》
(4)therelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門
(5)inseparateregulationsissuedbytheStateCouncil:由國(guó)務(wù)院另行規(guī)定
參考譯文:
本法施行前已登記成立的公司,應(yīng)依照法律、行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)和國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門制定的《有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見(jiàn)》,和《股份有限公司規(guī)范意見(jiàn)》,繼續(xù)保留。其中不完全具備本法規(guī)定的條件的,應(yīng)當(dāng)在規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)達(dá)到本法規(guī)定的條件。具體實(shí)施辦法,由國(guó)務(wù)院另行規(guī)定。
例11
UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstoactsofsuchbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.
注釋:
(1)unfaircompetition:不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
(2)businessoperators:經(jīng)營(yíng)者
(3)contravenetheprovisionshereof:違反本法規(guī)定theprovisionshereof:本法規(guī)定hereof:ofthisLaw
(4)thelawfulrightsandinterests:合法權(quán)益
(5)disturbingthesocio-economicorder:擾亂社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序
參考譯文:
本法所稱的不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),是指經(jīng)營(yíng)者違反本法規(guī)定,損害其他經(jīng)營(yíng)者的合法權(quán)益,擾亂社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的行為。三hereto
英文釋義:tothis
中文譯詞:至此,在此上。
用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”時(shí),使用該詞。例如表示“本合同雙方”,可以說(shuō)“thePartieshereto”,這里hereto表示“tothisContract”;表示“本協(xié)議附件4”,可用“Appendix4hereto”,這里hereto表示“tothisAgreement”。
語(yǔ)法:一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面,與之緊鄰。
hereto和thereto的區(qū)別:同前面所言hereof和thereof的區(qū)別類似,hereto強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“tothis”。
例1
AlldisputesarisingfromtheperformanceofthisContractshall,throughamicablenegotiations,besettledbythePartieshereto.Should,throughnegotiations,nosettlementbereached,thecaseinquestionshallthenbesubmittedforarbitrationtotheChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,BeijingandthearbitrationrulesofthisCommissionshallbeapplied.TheawardofthearbitrationshallbefinalandbindinguponthePartieshereto.TheArbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission.
注釋:
(1)theperformanceofthisContract:履行本合同
(2)throughamicablenegotiations:友好協(xié)商
(3)thePartieshereto:thePartiestothisContract本合同雙方
(4)shallthenbesubmittedforarbitration:提交進(jìn)行仲裁
(5)theChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,Beijing:中國(guó)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)(北京)
(6)thearbitrationrulesofthisCommission:其仲裁規(guī)則
(7)theawardofthearbitration:仲裁裁決
(8)unlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission:仲裁委員會(huì)另有裁定的除外
參考譯文:
對(duì)于因履行本合同所發(fā)生的一切爭(zhēng)議,本合同雙方應(yīng)友好協(xié)商解決,如協(xié)商無(wú)法解決爭(zhēng)議,則應(yīng)將爭(zhēng)議提交中國(guó)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)(北京),依據(jù)其仲裁規(guī)則進(jìn)行仲裁。仲裁裁決是終局性的,對(duì)雙方都有約束力。仲裁費(fèi)用應(yīng)由敗訴方承擔(dān),但仲裁委員會(huì)另有裁定的除外。
例2
“PatentedTechnology”meanssuchpatent,andsuchapplicationsforthepatentasarepresentlyownedorwillhereafterbeacquiredinthefuturebyPartyB,orasPartyBhasormayhavetherighttocontrol,orasarepermittedtobetransferredduringtheeffectiveperiodofthisContractinanyorallcountriesoftheworld,andasareapplicabletoormaybeusedinthemanufactureofContractProductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto.
注釋:
(1)patentedtechnology:專利技術(shù)
(2)patent:專利
(3)applicationforthepatent:專利申請(qǐng)
(4)mayhavetherighttocontrol:可能有權(quán)控制的
(5)permittedtobetransferredinanyorallcountriesoftheworld:在世界任何國(guó)家許可轉(zhuǎn)讓
(6)ContractProductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto:本合同雙方規(guī)定的本合同產(chǎn)品hereto:tothisContract
參考譯文:
“專利技術(shù)”,系指乙方目前擁有的或未來(lái)獲得的,或乙方有權(quán)或可能有權(quán)控制的,或在本合同有效期間在世界任何國(guó)家許可轉(zhuǎn)讓的,適用于或可能適用制造本合同雙方規(guī)定的本合同產(chǎn)品的專利和專利申請(qǐng)。
例3
“TechnicalDocuments”meansthedataandtheinformationspecifiedinAppendix1hereto,suchasengineering,manufacturingandoriginalinformationrelatingtothemanufactureandmaintenanceoftheContractProducts,includingdrawings,blueprints,designsheets,materialspecifications,photographs,photostatsandgeneraldata,anddesignandtheirspecificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities.Providedthattheabove-mentionedinformationshallbesuchinformationasisonlyavailabletoPartyBandapplicabletothebusinessoperationofPartyAunderthisContract.
注釋:
(1)technicaldocuments:技術(shù)資料
(2)thedataandtheinformation:資料
(3)engineering:工程
(4)manufacturing:制造
(5)originalinformation:原始資料
(6)blueprint:藍(lán)本
(7)designsheets:設(shè)計(jì)圖表
(8)materialspecifications:材料規(guī)格
(9)photostats:影印資料
(10)generaldata:一般資料
(11)designandtheirspecificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities:與制造設(shè)備、工具和裝置有關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)及其說(shuō)明書
參考譯文:
“技術(shù)資料”系指列于附件1與制造和維修合同產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的工程、制造及原始資料,包括與制造設(shè)備、工具和裝置有關(guān)的圖紙、藍(lán)本、設(shè)計(jì)圖表、材料規(guī)格、照片、影印資料和一般資料、設(shè)計(jì)及其說(shuō)明書等,但上述資料僅限于乙方擁有的資料和甲方用于本合同業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)的資料。
例4
IfPartyBdemandstoaudittheaccountsofPartyA,PartyBshall,within10daysafterreceivingthewrittennoticeissuedbyPartyAunderSub-Clause3.4ofthisContract,notifyPartyAofthematerinquestion.ThespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccountsaredetailedinAppendix4hereto.
注釋:
(1)audittheaccountsofPartyA:查核甲方的帳目
(2)Sub-Clause3.4ofthisContract:本合同第3.4款
(3)thespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccounts:其具體的查帳內(nèi)容和程序
(4)Appendix4hereto:本合同附件4hereto:tothisContract
參考譯文:
乙方如需查核甲方的帳目時(shí),應(yīng)在接到甲方依上述本合同第3.4款規(guī)定開(kāi)出的書面通知后10天之內(nèi)通知甲方,其具體的查帳內(nèi)容和程序詳見(jiàn)本合同附件4。
例5
ThepartiestothisAgreementagreethateitherPartyheretoshall,immediatelyandfully,notifytheotherPartyheretoofanysuchmatterscomprisinganimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesignasthePartyinquestionmaydiscover,makeordevelopwithrespecttomanufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof.
ThePartydiscovering,makingordevelopingthesubjectmatterinquestionmay,atitsownexpenseanditsownname,fileapplicationforLetterPatentortakeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame,andanypatentarisingtherefromshallbelongtothePartyinquestion.TheotherPartymay,duringtheeffectiveperiodhereof,makeuseof,andsellproductsutilizingsuchimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesign(whetherpatentedorun-patented)withoutchargeandroyaltyfeeinanymannerconsistentwiththisagreement.
注釋:
(1)eitherPartyhereto:本協(xié)議各方(不譯成“onePartyhereto)。
(2)improvement,modification,furtherinventionordesign:改進(jìn)、修正、更新本發(fā)明或設(shè)計(jì)
(3)discover,makeordevelop:開(kāi)發(fā)
(4)manufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof:生產(chǎn)及裝配許可證產(chǎn)品或部件
(5)fileapplicationforLetterPatent:申請(qǐng)專利
(6)takeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame:其它必要的法律保護(hù)程序thesame:LetterPatent
(7)anypatentarisingtherefrom:由此產(chǎn)生的專利
(8)consistentwiththisagreement:與本協(xié)議不相矛盾
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議各方同意,一方對(duì)于有關(guān)生產(chǎn)及裝配許可證產(chǎn)品或部件所做的改進(jìn)、修正、更新發(fā)明或設(shè)計(jì)均應(yīng)立即全部通知另一方。開(kāi)發(fā)改進(jìn)的一方可以自負(fù)費(fèi)用并以自身名義申請(qǐng)專利或采取其它必要的法律保護(hù)程序,由此產(chǎn)生的專利將屬于該方所有。在本協(xié)議的有效期內(nèi),另一方可以與本協(xié)議不相矛盾的方式無(wú)償使用和銷售利用改進(jìn)、修正、更新本發(fā)明或設(shè)計(jì)(無(wú)論其是否取得專利權(quán))生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品。例6
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreethatYshallsupplytoFCAMcertainlicenseandtechnicalassistanceformanufacturingProducts.TheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementtobeconcludedbetweenFCAMandYshallbedeemedtobeanattachmentasAppendix2hereto(hereinafterreferredtoasthe“TechnicalAssistanceAgreement”).
注釋:
(1)certainlicenseandtechnicalassistanceformanufacturingProducts:有關(guān)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的許可證和技術(shù)服務(wù)
(2)thetechnicalassistanceagreement:技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議
(3)Appendix2hereto:本協(xié)議附件2hereto:tothisAgreement
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議雙方同意Y將向FCAM提供有關(guān)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的許可證和技術(shù)服務(wù),F(xiàn)CAM和Y將訂立技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議并作為本協(xié)議附件2(以下稱作“技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議”)。
例7
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreeandensurethatFCAMwill,tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible,usetheformsrequiredbyYforsuchdataonmanagementandfinancialinformationasaregivenbyFCAMtothePartieshereto,andthatFCAMshallprepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooksavailableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto.
注釋:
(1)tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible:盡實(shí)際可能最大限度地
(2)dataonmanagementandfinancialinformation:管理和財(cái)務(wù)信息材料
(3)prepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooks:建好會(huì)計(jì)和財(cái)務(wù)帳目
(4)availableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto:以備本協(xié)議各方的檢查或?qū)徲?jì)eitherPartyhereto:eitherPartytothisAgreement本協(xié)議雙方inspection:檢查audit:審計(jì)
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議雙方同意保證FCAM將盡實(shí)際可能最大限度地使用Y所要求的表格式樣,用于FCAM向協(xié)議各方提供管理和財(cái)務(wù)信息材料;并且FCAM應(yīng)建好會(huì)計(jì)和財(cái)務(wù)帳目以備協(xié)議雙方的檢查或?qū)徲?jì)。
例8
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreethattheBoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartiesheretotoadministrateormanageFCAMshallberesponsibleforapprovingtheoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany,andmonitoringtheexecutionoftheplaninquestion.ProvidedthatthebusinessmanagementplaninquestionshallbesubmittedtothePartiesheretoforreviewandapproval.
注釋:
(1)BoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartieshereto:本協(xié)議雙方授權(quán)的董事會(huì)hereto:tothisAgreement
(2)toadministrateormanageFCAM:管理FCAMadministrate:行政管理manage:業(yè)務(wù)管理
(3)theoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany:公司整體經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃
(4)monitortheexecutionoftheplaninquestion:監(jiān)督該計(jì)劃的執(zhí)行
(5)reviewandapproval:審閱和批準(zhǔn)
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議雙方同意授權(quán)管理FCAM的董事會(huì)對(duì)公司整體經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃的報(bào)批和監(jiān)督執(zhí)行負(fù)責(zé)。該經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃需要提交協(xié)議雙方審閱和批準(zhǔn)。
例9
ThePartiestothisAgreementagree,andwillcauseFCAMtoagree,thatYwillselltoFCAM,andFCAMwillbuyfromY,allsuchspecializedmachineryandequipmentasisdeterminedthroughmutualconsultationbyandbetweenYandFCAMfortheeffectiveutilizationofthetechnicalknow-howsuppliedbyYtoFCAMundertheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementatsuchpricesandonsuchtermsandconditionsasaredeterminedbyandbetweenthePartieshereto.
注釋:
(1)specializedmachineryandequipment:特定機(jī)器設(shè)備equipment:(單數(shù)形式)設(shè)備
(2)determinedthroughmutualconsultation:協(xié)商決定
(3)theeffectiveutilizationofthetechnicalknow-how:有效使用技術(shù)訣竅
(4)termsandconditions:條件
(5)(such…)as:作關(guān)系代詞,意為which,that
參考譯文:
本協(xié)議雙方同意并將使FCAM同意Y將向FCAM出售,F(xiàn)CAM從Y購(gòu)買經(jīng)過(guò)Y和FCAM協(xié)商決定的特定機(jī)器設(shè)備,以保證根據(jù)技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議由Y向FCAM提供的技術(shù)訣竅得到有效使用,并以協(xié)議雙方同意的價(jià)格和條件成交。
例10
TheterminationofthisContractshallnotinanywayaffecttheoutstandingclaimsandliabilitiesexistingbetweenthePartiesheretoupontheexpirationofthevalidityoftheContractandthedebtorshallcontinuetobekeptliableforpayingtheoutstandingdebtstothecreditor.
注釋:
(1)theterminationofthisContract:本合同期滿
(2)outstandingclaimsandliabilities:未了債務(wù)
(3)debtor:債務(wù)人
(4)creditor:債權(quán)人
參考譯文:
本合同期滿時(shí),雙方之間發(fā)生的未了債務(wù)不受合同期滿的影響,債務(wù)人應(yīng)向債權(quán)人繼續(xù)支付未了債務(wù)四herein
英文釋義:inthis
中文譯詞:此中,于此
用法:表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等時(shí),使用該詞。如表示“本法(中)所稱的不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”,可譯為“unfaircompetitionmentionedherein”,此處herein表示“inthisLaw”;表示“本協(xié)議(中)內(nèi)容”,譯為“theContentsherein”,此處herein表示“inthisAgreement”。
語(yǔ)法:置于所修飾詞后,緊鄰所修飾詞.
例1
UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstosuchactsofbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.
Businessoperatorsmentionedhereinrefertosuchlegalpersons,othereconomicorganizationsandindividualsasengageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices(hereaftercalledGoodsincludingservices).
注釋:
(1)unfaircompetition:不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
(2)mentionedinthisLaw:本法所稱
(3)referto:是指
(4)contravenetheprovisionshereof:違反本法規(guī)定
(5)damagethelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators:損害其他經(jīng)營(yíng)者的合法權(quán)益
(6)disturbthesocio-economicorder:擾亂社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序
(7)businessoperatorsmentionedherein:本法所稱的經(jīng)營(yíng)者h(yuǎn)erein:inthisLaw
(8)engageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices:從事商品經(jīng)營(yíng)或營(yíng)利性服務(wù)engagein:從事,beengagedin:忙于
參考譯文:
本法所稱的不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),是指經(jīng)營(yíng)者違反本法規(guī)定,損害其他經(jīng)營(yíng)者的合法權(quán)益,擾亂社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的行為。
本法所稱的經(jīng)營(yíng)者,是指從事商品經(jīng)營(yíng)或營(yíng)利性服務(wù)(以下所稱商品包括服務(wù))的法人、其他經(jīng)濟(jì)組織和個(gè)人。
例2
ThisLawisherebyformulatedandpreparedinordertodeveloptheforeigntrade,maintaintheforeigntradeorderandpromotethehealthydevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy.
Foreigntradementionedhereinshallcovertheimportandexportofgoods,technologyandtheinternationaltradeinservices.
注釋:
(1)thisLawisherebyformulatedandprepared:茲制定本法
(2)maintaintheforeigntradeorder:維護(hù)對(duì)外貿(mào)易秩序
(3)promotethehealthydevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy:促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展
(4)foreigntradementionedherein:本法所稱對(duì)外貿(mào)易herein:inthisLaw
(5)theinternationaltradeinservices:國(guó)際服務(wù)貿(mào)易
參考譯文:
為了發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易,維護(hù)對(duì)外貿(mào)易秩序,促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,茲制定本法。本法所稱對(duì)外貿(mào)易,是指貨物進(jìn)出口、技術(shù)進(jìn)出口和國(guó)際服務(wù)貿(mào)易。
例3
Theterm“company”mentionedhereinreferstosuchalimitedliabilitycompanyorsuchacompanylimitedbysharesasareestablishedwithintheterritoryofChinainaccordancewiththisLaw.
注釋:
(1)mentionedherein:mentionedinthisLaw本法所稱
(2)limitedliabilitycompany:有限責(zé)任公司
(3)companylimitedbyshares:股份有限公司
(4)withintheterritoryofChina:在中國(guó)境內(nèi)
參考譯文:
本法所稱公司是指依照本法在中國(guó)境內(nèi)設(shè)立的有限責(zé)任公司和股份有限公司。
例4
IllegalgainsfromthecrimesasspecifiedinthisDecisionshall,ifany,beconfiscated.Wherethosecommitcrimesagainsttheprovisionsherein,withtheirillegalgainstobeconfiscated,afineimposedon,theirpropertyforfeitedandacivilcompensationassumedby,andtheirpropertyandassetsareinsufficientforthepaymentsofalltheaboveitems,theyshallfirstbeliableforthecivilcompensation.
注釋:
(1)illegalgains:違法所得
(2)shallbeconfiscated:應(yīng)當(dāng)予以沒(méi)收
(3)theprovisionsherein:theprovisionsinthisDecision本決定規(guī)定
(4)illegalgainstobeconfiscated:被沒(méi)收違法所得
(5)afineimposedon:判處罰金
(6)propertyforfeited:沒(méi)收財(cái)產(chǎn)
(7)acivilcompensationassumedby:承擔(dān)民事賠償責(zé)任
參考譯文:
犯本決定規(guī)定之罪有違法所得的,應(yīng)當(dāng)予以沒(méi)收。
犯本決定規(guī)定之罪,被沒(méi)收違法所得、判處罰金、沒(méi)收財(cái)產(chǎn)、承擔(dān)民事責(zé)任的,其財(cái)產(chǎn)不足以支付時(shí),先承擔(dān)民事賠償責(zé)任。
例5
Theterms“FOB”,“CFR”or“CIF”shallbesubjecttothe“InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms”(INCOTERMS,2000)providedbyInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)unlessotherwisespecifiedherein(inthisContract).
注釋:
(1)(1)“FOB”(freeonboard)(…Namedportofshipment):船上交貨(…<指定裝運(yùn)港>)
(2)(2)“CFR”(CostandFreight)(…Namedportofdestination):成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)(…<指定目的港>)
(3)(3)“CIF”(Cost,InsuranceandFreight)(…Namedportofdestination):成本、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)(……<指定目的港>)
(4)(4)the“InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms”(INCOTERMS,2000):《國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則(INCOTERMS)2000》
參考譯文:
除非本合同另有規(guī)定,“FOB”、“CFR”和“CIF”均應(yīng)依照國(guó)際商會(huì)制定的《國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則(INCOTERMS)2000》辦理。
例6
Unlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedforherein,ifalldisputes,controversiesordifferencesarisingoutoforinrelationtotheexecutionofthisAgreementbetweenthePartieshereto,oranybreachordefaultoftheprovisionshereof(includingbutnotlimitedto,adisputeconcerningtheexistenceorcontinuedexistenceofthisAgreement,andthevalidityoftheArbitrationClause)failtobesettledamicably,thedisputes,controversiesordifferencesinquestionshallbesubmittedforarbitration.
注釋:
(1)unlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedforherein:除非另有明確表示herein:inthisAgreement
(2)dispute:爭(zhēng)議
(3)controversy:糾紛
(4)difference:歧意
(5)thePartieshereto:thePartiestothisAgreement本協(xié)議雙方
(6)anybreachordefaultoftheprovisionshereof:任何違約及過(guò)失
(7)includingbutnotlimitedto:包括,但不限于
(8)thevalidityoftheArbitrationClause:仲裁條款有效性arbitrationclause仲裁條款
參考譯文:
除非另有明確表示,則由于執(zhí)行本協(xié)議所引發(fā)或與本協(xié)議有關(guān)的協(xié)議雙方的所有爭(zhēng)議、糾紛或歧意,以及任何違約及過(guò)失(包括,但不限于有關(guān)本協(xié)議存續(xù)的爭(zhēng)議,仲裁條款有效性的爭(zhēng)議),如不能以友好協(xié)商的方式解決,則提交仲裁。
例7
TheAgentshall,pursuanttotheconditionsandprovisionsspecifiedherein,ontheDisbursementDate,creditthefundsreceivedtosuchaccountasisspecifiedbytheBorrowerunderSub-Clause2.2ofthisContract.
注釋:
(1)theAgent:correspondentbank代理行
(2)pursuanttotheconditionsandprovisionsspecifiedherein:按照本合同規(guī)定的條件herein:inthisContract
(3)ontheDisbursementDate:在付款日
(4)creditthefundsreceived:貸記入所收資金
(5)theBorrower:借款人
參考譯文:
代理行應(yīng)按照本合同規(guī)定的條件,在付款日將所收資金貸記入借款人根據(jù)2.2款指定的帳戶。例8
Alltherightsprovidedforherein(inthisContract)shallbecumulativeandshallnotbeexclusiveofanyotherrights,powers,privilegesorremediesprovidedforbylaws.
注釋:
(1)cumulative:累加的
(2)shallnotbeexclusiveof:并不排除
(3)privilege:特權(quán)
(4)remedy:補(bǔ)救方法
(5)providedforbylaws:法律規(guī)定的
參考譯文:
本合同規(guī)定的各項(xiàng)權(quán)利是累加的,并不排除法律規(guī)定的其它權(quán)利、權(quán)力、特權(quán)或補(bǔ)救方法。
例9
NowTherefore,undertheconsiderationofthemutualpromisesmadebythePartiestothisAgreement,thePartiesheretoagreethecontentshereinasfollows:
注釋:
(1)NowTherefore:據(jù)此
(2)theconsideration:對(duì)價(jià)。對(duì)價(jià)是對(duì)一項(xiàng)允諾(promise)的回報(bào)。例如,甲方允諾向乙方提供若干數(shù)量的貨物,乙方同意付給甲方一定數(shù)目的貨款,該貨款便構(gòu)成甲方允諾的對(duì)價(jià)。在經(jīng)過(guò)要約(offer)與承諾(acceptance)的基礎(chǔ)上,只有那些擁有對(duì)價(jià)的允諾才被認(rèn)作合同,得到法律的保護(hù)和執(zhí)行。
(3)thecontentsherein:本協(xié)議內(nèi)容herein:inthisAgreement
參考譯文:
據(jù)此,以本協(xié)議雙方相互承諾為對(duì)價(jià),就下述內(nèi)容達(dá)成一致:
例10
TheBorrowershall,underthisAgreementandtheNote,fulfilltheobligationsofmakingallpayments.AllthereimbursementstotheBankshallbefreeandclearofanyotherchargesandexemptfromalltaxesandsuchreimbursementsasarereceivedbytheBankwillnotbesubjecttotaxes.TheBorrowershall,underthisAgreement,payalltaxesasprovidedforherein.
注釋:
(1)theobligationsofmakingallpayments:支付義務(wù)
(2)reimbursement:償付
(3)befreeandclearofanyothercharges:不附帶其它費(fèi)用
(4)exemptfromalltaxes:是免稅的
(5)payalltaxesasprovidedforherein:承擔(dān)全部本協(xié)議規(guī)定的稅務(wù)herein:inthisAgreement
參考譯文:
借款人應(yīng)按照本協(xié)議和票據(jù)完成所有支付義務(wù)。向銀行的償付應(yīng)是不附帶其它費(fèi)用并且是免稅的,而且銀行所收到的償付款項(xiàng)不含任何稅務(wù)。借款人應(yīng)按本協(xié)議承擔(dān)全部本協(xié)議規(guī)定的稅務(wù)。五hereinafter
英文釋義:laterinthesameContract
中文譯詞:以下,在下文
語(yǔ)法:一般與referredtoas,called等詞組連用,以避免重復(fù),置于這些詞組前面,與之緊鄰。
例1:
InaccordancewiththeLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonChinese-ForeignEquityJointVenturesandtheContractsignedbyandbetween
Co.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)and
Co.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB),thearticlesofassociationherebyisformulatedandprepared.
注釋:
(1)inaccordancewith:under根據(jù)
(2)LawofthePeople’s
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