英語學(xué)習(xí)基本句到復(fù)雜句(定語從句,狀語從句,賓語從句)

英語學(xué)習(xí)基本句到復(fù)雜句(定語從句,狀語從句,賓語從句)英語學(xué)習(xí)基本句到復(fù)雜句(定語從句,狀語從句,賓語從句)英語學(xué)習(xí)基本句到復(fù)雜句(定語從句,狀語從句,賓語從句)xxx公司英語學(xué)習(xí)基本句到復(fù)雜句(定語從句,狀語從句,賓語從句)文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度簡單句和復(fù)合句從簡單詞到復(fù)合句主語句子充當(dāng)主語主語從句賓語句子充當(dāng)賓語賓語從句句詞性從句表語句子充當(dāng)表語表語從句同位語句子充當(dāng)同位語同位語從句三大類基本從句定語句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句狀語句子充當(dāng)狀語狀語從句Example:技術(shù)類型：1.Ireallyneedtolearnhowtoconcentrate/focusononethingatatimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftheworkThegoalofthecodechangeonPEloadlinewasthatthereisnocodechangeintheCIpackagebuilt.2.AssumingthatMSRNkeepsunchangedaslongasitstaysinthesameVLRarea,acopyofMSRNcanbeheldonHLRandonlyneedstobeupdatedwhentheUEmovestoanewVLRarea.

3.Callsthatwerestillinthealertingstateoronholdwerenottransferred.Callswherethesubscriberwasthecontrollerofaconferencecallmaystillbetransferredperthe3GPPprocedures,however,thefactthatthesubscribermaybethecontrollerforaconferencewasnotknowntotheMSC,sothedecisiontoallowsuchacalltobetransferredwouldbeuptotheSCCAS.4.UponreceiptofaSIPINFO,ifthebodyhastheContent-Typeheadercontaining‘a(chǎn)pplication/vnd.3gpp.state-and-event-info+xml’andaXMLbodycomplianttotheXMLschemaspecifiedintheTS24.237SectionD.2withthestate-infoXMLelementcontaining‘early’anddirectionXMLelementcontaining‘initiator’,theWCSshallperformthefollowings.5.Shedidn’trealizethefact.（Thegirlwhowastakencareofbyhergrandmother）Ididn'trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.二.賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有：連詞：that(that?？墒÷?,whether,if代詞：who,whose,what,which副詞：when,where,how,why等。（一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。例句：Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.注意事項：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例句：Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.在以下情況中that不能省略當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。

例句：Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。

例句：JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。

例句：Ican’ttellhimthathismotherdied.注意事項：許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語。例句：Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomeworkontime.（二）由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用，但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。例句：Iwonderwhether(if)theywillcometoourparty.只能用whether，不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句在帶to的不定式前

例句：Wedecidedwhethertowalkthere.在介詞的后面

例句：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgotoseethefilm.在動詞后面的賓語從句時

例句：Wediscussedwhetherwehadasportsmeetingnextweek直接與ornot連用時

例句：Ican’tsaywhetherornotthetcancomeontime.只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”

例句：Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時

例句：HeaskedifIdidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.引導(dǎo)狀語從句evenif（即使）和asif（好象）時

例句：Hetalksasifhehasknownallaboutit.（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。英語中的連接代詞有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。例句：Canyoutellmewhomyouarewaitingfor?

英語中的連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語的成分。例句：Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.（四）賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例句如下：Idon’tknowwhattheyarelookingfor.Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?Canyouimaginewhatkindofmanheis?（五）賓語從句的時態(tài)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。

例句：Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。

例句：Shewassorrythatshehadn’tfinishedherworkontime.當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

例句：Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.（六）賓語從句的特點賓語從句可以作及物動詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序。連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句在句中無詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成份，多數(shù)情況下可以省略。whether和if都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但whether后可緊跟ornot；whether從句可作介詞的賓語。如果從句太長，可以用形式賓語it.三狀語從句用法狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類,分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多,但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下:1、時間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until特殊引導(dǎo)詞:theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday,theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…whenIdidn'trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果園)themomenttheysawtheguard.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.2、地點狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:where特殊引導(dǎo)詞:wherever,anywhere,everywhereGenerally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.3、原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:because,since,as,for特殊引導(dǎo)詞:seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,asmuchas,somuchasMyfriendsdislikemebecauseI'mhandsomeandsuccessful.Nowthateverybodyhascome,let'sbeginourconference.Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.4、目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:sothat,inorderthat特殊引導(dǎo)詞:lest,incase,forfearthat,inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthatThebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.5、結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:sothat,so…that,such…that,特殊引導(dǎo)詞:suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.It'ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn'tsleeplastnight.6、條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:if,unless,特殊引導(dǎo)詞:as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthatWe'llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.7、讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:though,although,evenif,eventhough特殊引導(dǎo)詞:as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝),while(一般用在句首),nomatter…,inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverMuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.盡管我很尊敬他,我卻不同意他的建議。Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Hewon'tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.8、比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:as(同級比較),than(不同程度的比較)特殊引導(dǎo)詞:themore…themore…;justas…,so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasBSheisasbad-temperedashermother.Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人,猶如油之于機(jī)器。9、方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:as,asif,how特殊引導(dǎo)詞:thewayWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.四.定語從句：定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。

關(guān)系副詞有：when,where,why等。18.1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who,whom,that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou

他就是你想見的人嗎（

who/that在從句中作主語）

Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.

他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2)Whose用來指人或物，(只用作定語,若指物，它還可以同ofwhich互換）,例如：

Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3）which,that

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：

Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which/that在句中作賓語）

Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttoc