準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表

準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)詞匯描述圖表1.我們可以從圖表上看出：托雅的女生比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于男生所占比例。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thepercentageoffemalestudentswasfarhigherthanthatofmalestudentsatToya.2.從圖表反映的情況來(lái)看：讀雅思的人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)讀托福的，同時(shí)，讀托福的人數(shù)一直呈現(xiàn)平穩(wěn)上升趨勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thosewhochosetostudyforIELTSfaroutnumberedthosechoosingtostudyforTOEFL.Meanwhile,thenumberofthosewhochosetostudyforTOEFLwasonasteadyrise.3.從圖表反映的情況來(lái)看：托雅學(xué)生在飯店用餐的頻率在不同的月份呈現(xiàn)出了相應(yīng)的波動(dòng)趨勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthediagram,thefrequencyofToyastudentseatingatrestaurantsrevealedatrendoffluctuationsindifferentmonths.4.從圖表反映的情況來(lái)看：托雅男教師所承擔(dān)的每周工作量要高于女教師的。Ascanbeseenfromthecharts,theweeklyworkloadbornebymaleteachersoutweighedthatoffemaleteachersatToya.5.從整個(gè)圖表反映的情況來(lái)看：托雅總部以及五個(gè)分校的營(yíng)業(yè)收入都呈現(xiàn)出了快速的增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thesalesofToyaHeadquarterandthefivebranchschoolsallrevealedatrendoffastincreaseacrosstheboard.6.從整個(gè)圖表反映的情況來(lái)看：托雅教師的收入狀況呈現(xiàn)出了穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)的總態(tài)勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,theincomeofToyateachersrevealedageneraltrendofsteadyrise.7.圖表顯示：托雅廣告投入呈現(xiàn)出逐漸下降的趨勢(shì)，然而有趣的是，營(yíng)業(yè)收入?yún)s呈現(xiàn)出大幅度的攀升。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,theadvertisinginvestmentofToyarevealedatrendofgradualdecrease,butinterestingly,itssaleswitnessedatrendofincreasebyleapsandbounds.8.餅圖反映出托雅女生的比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于男生；曲線圖則表明在雅思考試成績(jī)方面，女生的表現(xiàn)也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)好于男生。Thepiechartshowsthatthepercentageoffemalestudentswasmuchhigherthanthatofmalestudentswhilethegraphindicatesthatintermsofstudents’performanceonIELTS,femalestudentsdidamuchbetterjobthanmaleones.9.餅圖表明：托雅雅思比托福所占份額要高出很多；曲線圖則顯示出：兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目每月的招生情況呈現(xiàn)出了總的波動(dòng)趨勢(shì)。ThepiechartindicatesthatIELTSaccountedforamuchlargerpercentagethanTOEFLatToyawhilethegraphshowsthatstudentenrollmentonthetwoprogramsonamonthlybasisrevealedageneraltrendoffluctuations.10.圖表反映出：托雅上半年與下班年的營(yíng)業(yè)收入總體呈現(xiàn)出快速的上升趨勢(shì)，成本與支出表現(xiàn)出了較大的波動(dòng)。ThegraphindicatesthatthesalesofToyabothinthefirsthalfandthesecondhalfoftheyearrevealedageneraltrendoffastincreasewhilecostsandexpensesfluctuatedgreatly.11.根據(jù)圖表所示，托雅行政人員中男性員工的比例要高于女性。Asisindicatedinthegraph,maleemployeesworkinginexecutivepositionsaccountedforamuchhigherpercentagethanfemales.12.根據(jù)圖表所示，所有群體的收入都呈現(xiàn)了上升趨勢(shì)，雖然上升的幅度有所差異。Asisindicatedinthegraph,theincomeofallthegroupsrevealedageneraltrendofincreaseacrosstheboardthoughthemarginsoftherisesvaried.13.根據(jù)圖表所示，人們的教育程度越高，收入便越高。Asisindicatedinthegraph,thehigherone’seducationlevelwas,thehigherhisincome.14.根據(jù)圖表所示，該公司的凈銷售與成本支出皆呈現(xiàn)了快速提高的總趨勢(shì)，而其利潤(rùn)則呈現(xiàn)了波動(dòng)。Ascanbeseenfromthetable,netsalesandcostsandexpensesofthedesignatedcompanybothshowedageneraltrendoffastincreasewhileitsprofitfluctuated.15.從圖表我們可以看出：女性吸煙者的百分比呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)，而男性則處于波動(dòng)狀態(tài)。Aswecanseefromthefirstchart,thepercentageoffemalesmokerswasonasteadyriseacrosstheboardwhilethenumberofmalesmokersshowedatrendoffluctuations.16.從圖表可以看出：選擇數(shù)學(xué)的人們的百分比穩(wěn)步下降，而選擇商務(wù)管理者則呈現(xiàn)出上升的總趨勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thepercentageofthosewhochosemathdeclinedsteadilywhilethosewhostudiedbusinessmanagementrevealedageneralupwardtrend.17.從圖表可以看出：在所界定的時(shí)段里，路上總的交通事故顯示了波動(dòng)的總趨勢(shì)。Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thetotalroadaccidentsoverthedesignatedperiodrevealedageneraltrendoffluctuations.18.根據(jù)圖表顯示：中國(guó)在汽車生產(chǎn)與銷售方面皆呈現(xiàn)出了迅猛的增長(zhǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)。Asisindicatedinthegraph,China’sautomanufacturingandsalesbothrevealedageneraltrendofdramaticincrease.19.如圖所示：上海私家車保有量連續(xù)10年呈現(xiàn)出迅猛增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)，而空氣質(zhì)量則顯現(xiàn)出截然相反的態(tài)勢(shì)。Asisindicatedinthegraph,privatecarownershiprevealedatrendofdramaticincreasefor10yearsinarowwhileairqualityshowedanobviouslyoppositetrend.20.如圖所示，托雅學(xué)生開(kāi)車前來(lái)上課的人數(shù)呈現(xiàn)大幅攀升態(tài)勢(shì)，而停車?yán)щy指數(shù)也同步大幅提升。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thenumberofToyastudentswhodrovetoschoolshowedatrendofsubstantialincreaseandtheindexofdifficultyforparkingincreasedaccordingly.21.圖表顯示：不管他們有幾個(gè)孩子，已婚婦女都要比已婚男士做的家務(wù)活多得多。Aswecanseefromthegraph,marriedwomendidfarmorehouseholdworkthanmarriedmendidnomatterhowmanychildrentheyhad.22.總體而言，昂立托雅學(xué)院男女生注冊(cè)學(xué)雅思的人數(shù)比學(xué)托福的人數(shù)多。Generallyspeaking,thereweremorestudentsofbothgendersgettingenrolledinIELTSthaninTOEFLatOnlytoya23.根據(jù)圖表顯示：男性在管理和專業(yè)類崗位上工作的百分比要高于女性，而女性在文書(shū)及其相關(guān)崗位上占的百分比要高于男性。Aswecanseefromthecharts,amuchhigherpercentageofmenworkedonmanagerialandprofessionaljobsthanwomendidwhilewomentookupamuchlargerpercentageintermsofclericalanditsrelatedjobsthanmen.24.總體而言，涵蓋更多工作門(mén)類的服務(wù)業(yè)雇傭了較低百分比的勞動(dòng)力隊(duì)伍，卻產(chǎn)出了這個(gè)國(guó)家較大百分比的GDP價(jià)值。Generallyspeaking,theservicesector,whichcoveredamuchwiderrangeofjobvarieties,employedamuchlowerpercentageoftheworkforcebutproducedamuchhigherproportionoftheGDPvalueinthedesignatedcountry.25.總體而言，求與供皆呈現(xiàn)了總的波動(dòng)趨勢(shì)，以2003年后供大于求為主要趨勢(shì)。Ingeneralbothdemandandsupplyrevealedageneraltrendoffluctuationsacrosstheboardwithsupplysurpassingdemandasthemaintrendaftertheyear2003.26.柱狀圖顯示：收入越高者去飯店吃飯的頻率和每次的消費(fèi)額越高。Asisindicatedinthebarchart,thehigherpeople’sincomewas,themorefrequentlytheydinedatrestaurantsandthemoretheyspenteachtime.27.根據(jù)圖表顯示：參加雅思考試的考生年齡呈現(xiàn)年輕化趨勢(shì)。Asisindicatedinthediagram,theageofIELTScandidatesshowedatrendofgettingyoungeroverthedesignatedperiodoftime.28.從圖表中我們可以看到：雅思考生的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況總體而言要比托福考生的家庭狀況好得多。Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thefamilyfinancialstatusesofIELTScandidatesweremuchbetterthanthatofTOEFLcandidates.29.圖表顯示，前往美國(guó)和加拿大留學(xué)的人數(shù)呈現(xiàn)出下降趨勢(shì)，而前往英國(guó)和澳大利亞的留學(xué)人數(shù)則呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)步增加趨勢(shì)。Asisindicatedinthegraph,thenumberofstudentswhochosetogotoU.S.A.andCanadashowedatrendofdeclinewhilethatofthosewhowenttotheU.K.andAustraliarevealedatrendofsteadyrise.30.圖表顯示：雅思每月考試次數(shù)的增加對(duì)于雅思考生人數(shù)的迅速增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生了非常大的影響。Asisshowninthechart,theincreaseinthenumberofIELTSpermonthhadasignificantimpactontherapidincreaseinthenumberofIELTScandidates.一、

表示說(shuō)明的句子：

1.

As

we

can

see

from

the

chart/graph/table/diagram,……從圖表中我們可以看出……

2.

The

chart/table/diagram

shows/displays

that……如圖所示

3.

As

(can

be)

shown

in

/According

to

the

chart/

graph/table/diagram……如圖所示……

4.

The

figures/statistics

in

the

chart

reflect/stow/reveal(that)……圖中的數(shù)據(jù)表明……

5.

The

chart

/graph/table/diagram

illustrates/describes……圖中描述了……

6.

It’s

clear

from

the

chart

thar……從圖表中我們可以清楚地看到……

二、

表示數(shù)據(jù)的常用格

1.……h(huán)ad

the

largest

percentage/proportion

of……在……方面具有很大的百分比。

2.……account(s)

for

/take(s)

up

10%.……占有10%。

3.……Compared

with

A,B

has

a

higher

percentage.與A相比，B有更高的比例。

4.On

the

top

of

the

list

is……,which

accounts

for

60%.占比重高的是……，占……60%。

5.At

the

bottom

is……，which

takes

up

20%.占最低比重的是……，占20%。

6.A

is

second

to

B.A僅次于B。

7.A

is

ranked/rated

first,

followed

by

B

at

30%

and

C

at

25%.A占的比重最高，緊隨其后的是占30%的B和占25%的C。

表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的常用句式

a.表示增加、減少和波動(dòng)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)

1.Thenumberof(privatecars)increaseed/rosesuddenly/rapidly/dramatically/substantially/considerably/sharply/rapidlyfrom……to……從……到……期間（私家車）的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。

2.Therewasasudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/considerable/sharp/steepincrease/riseinthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間，私家車的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。

3.Therewasaboominthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間（私家車)的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng).

4.Thenumberof(privatecars)climbed/jumped/rosesuddenly/wentsharplyup/soaredto……in……在……（時(shí)間），（私家車）的數(shù)量猛增到……輛。

5.Therewasanevident/apparent/obviousincreasein……from……to……從……到……期間，在……方面有明顯的增長(zhǎng)。

6.Thenumberof(privatecars)increased/rosesteadily/graduallyfrom……to……從……到……期間，（私家車）的數(shù)量有了穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的增長(zhǎng)。

7.Therewasasteady/gradualincrease/riseinthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間，（私家車）的數(shù)量有了穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的增長(zhǎng)。

8.Therewasaslight/slowincrease/riseinthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間（私家車）的數(shù)量有了稍微/緩慢的增長(zhǎng)。

9.Thenumberof(privatecars)increased/roseslightly/slowlyfrom……to……從……到……期間，私家車的數(shù)量有了稍微/緩慢的增長(zhǎng)。

10.Thenumberof(privatecars)decreased/fell/droppedsuddenly/rapidly/dramatically/substantially/sharply/steeplyfrom……to……從……到……期間（私家車）的數(shù)量有了急劇的下降。

11.Therewasasudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/sharp/steepdecrease/drop/reduction/declineinthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間（私家車）的數(shù)量有了急劇的下降。

12.Therewasa(n)evident/apparent/obviousreduction/declinein……from……to……從……到……期間,在……方面有了急劇的下降。

13.Thenumberof(privatecars)droppedsharply/wentsharplydownto……in……在……（時(shí)間），（私家車）的數(shù)量急劇下降到……（輛）。

14.Thenumberof(privatecars)fell/droppped/declinedby……%from……to……在……（時(shí)間），（私家車）的數(shù)量下降了百分之……

15.Thenumberof(privatecars)increased/foseby……%from……to……在……（時(shí)間），（私家車）的數(shù)量增加了百分之……

16.Therewasaslightfluctuationinthenumberof(privatecars)from……to……從……到……期間，（私家車）的數(shù)量有輕微的波動(dòng)。

b.表示變化不大或沒(méi)有變化的常用結(jié)構(gòu)

1.Thenumberof(privatecars）remainedsteady/stable/constantbetween……and……從……到……期間，（私家車）的數(shù)量保持穩(wěn)定！寫(xiě)作模板——圖表式作文Itisobviousinthegraphic/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).AtthepointofX1,Yreachesitspeak＆#118alueof…(多少).WhatisthereasonforthischangeMainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(第一個(gè)原因).Moreimportantly,…(第二個(gè)原因).Mostimportantofall,…(第三個(gè)原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraphic/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)).英語(yǔ)圖表寫(xiě)作常用句式詞匯一、總括性描述

1.Ascanbeseenformthetable,greatchangeshavebeentakingplacein....

2.Fromtheabovetableitcanbeseenthat....

3.Asitisshowninthetable,....

4.Accordingtothegraph,....

5.Itisclearfromthetablethat....

6.Thesurveyshows/suggeststhat....

7.Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,....

8.Astudyshowed....

9.Asyoumayseefromthediagram,....

10.Thetwochartsabovetellussomethingabout....

二、描述具體數(shù)據(jù)變化

increase/decreaseby...

increasefrom...to...

increasesteadilyfrom...

therewasamarkedincreasein...

therehasbeenarapidincreasein...

anincreaseof

declinein...

fourtimesasmuchas...

amountto

fallfrom...to...

appearstable

reach5,000millionin1998

continuetogrow

hasbeengrowingfasterandfastersince...

lessthan

upto

comparedwith

makeup

thenumberof...remanisthesameas...

theremaining

三、分析原因

Therearechieflytworeasonsforthechanges...ismainlycausedby...

Thisdirectlyrelatestotheproblemof(theword'sfood,housing,jobshortage)

Whatcausedthesechanges?

Thereasonsthatcausedchangesarediverse.Ontheonehand....Ontheotherhand..

Therapidgrowthof...owesmuchto...

liein

leadto

四、總結(jié)歸納

Throughtheanalysis,wecandrawaconclusionthat...

Inshort...

Stepsshouldbetakento...

Tosolvetheproblemof...,we...

Fromallthefactsgivenabove,wecansee...

Takingtheadvantageanddisadvantagestogetherintoconsideration,Ibelieve...圖表作文的類型及其參考范文1第一節(jié)圖表作文類型（1）圓形圖作文

圓形圖（Piechart）也稱為餅狀圖或圓面分割圖。圓形圖因?yàn)楸容^形象和直觀，各部分空間大小差別容易分辨，所以常用來(lái)表示總量和各分量之間的百分比關(guān)系。整個(gè)圓表示總量，楔形塊表示分量。有時(shí)圓形圖還有數(shù)值表，兩者結(jié)合可把各分量表示得更準(zhǔn)確、清楚。例如：

ThisisapiechartoftheaverageweeklyexpenditureofafamilyinGreatBritain.Ascanbeseefromthechart,themainexpenditureofanaverageBritishfamilyisspentonfood,whichaccountsfor25%ofitstotalexpenditure.Thenexttwosignificantexpendingitemsaretransportandhousing,whichare15%and12%respectively.Ifwetakeintoaccountclothingandfootwear,whichmakesup10%,thefouressentialsoflife,thatis,food,transport,housing,andclothingandfootwear,amountto62%ofthetotalexpenditure.

（2）曲線圖作文

曲線圖（Linegraph）也稱為線性圖或坐標(biāo)圖。曲線圖最適合表示兩個(gè)變量之間關(guān)系的發(fā)展過(guò)程和趨勢(shì)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，曲線所呈現(xiàn)的形狀比某一點(diǎn)所代表的變量的值更有意義。曲線圖有橫軸和縱軸。一般先看橫軸所代表的數(shù)量或時(shí)間等，然后再看縱軸所顯示的意義。同時(shí)必須找出線條所反映的最高或最低的變化。例如：

（3）條形圖作文

條形圖（Bargraph）也稱為立柱圖或圓柱圖。條形圖由寬度相同但長(zhǎng)度不同的條塊代表不同的量。當(dāng)要比較幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目或量時(shí)，常用不同顏色來(lái)區(qū)分。條形圖主要用來(lái)表示：1）同一項(xiàng)目在不同時(shí)間的量；2）同一時(shí)間不同項(xiàng)目的量。閱讀條形圖時(shí)，要先看圖例，再看橫軸、縱橫各代表什么量，每一個(gè)刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出圖中各長(zhǎng)條所表示的數(shù)據(jù)及各長(zhǎng)條間的相互關(guān)系。例如：

第二節(jié)圖表作文的出題形式

我們先來(lái)看幾個(gè)四（六）級(jí)考試中的圖表作文的例子。

例1題目：ChangesinPeople’sDiet(1991年6月四級(jí)試題)

Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationgiveninthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:

1.statethechangesinpeople’sdiet(飲食)inthepastfiveyears;

2.givepossiblereasonsforthechanges;

3.drawyourownconclusions.

Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.

例2題目：CarAccidentsDeclininginWaltonCity(1991年6月6級(jí)試題)

Rememberthatyourcompositionmustbewrittenaccordingtothefollowingoutline;

1.Riseandfalloftherateofcaraccidentsasindicatedbythegraph;

2.Possiblereason(s)forthedeclineofcaraccidentsinthecity;

3.Yourpredictionsofwhatwillhappenthisyear.

Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsandyoushouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.

例3Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHealthGaininDevelopingCountries.Yourcompositionmustbenolessthan120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositiononthefollowinginstructions(giveninChinese):

1.以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期望壽命（lifeexpectancy）和嬰兒死亡率（infantmortality）的變化情況

2.說(shuō)明引起變化的各種原因

從以上例子可見(jiàn)，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標(biāo)題和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時(shí)還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：1）用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢(shì)；2）就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢(shì)或問(wèn)題分析其原因或后果。

第三節(jié)圖表作文的寫(xiě)作要領(lǐng)

圖表作文著重說(shuō)明事實(shí)，常常是通過(guò)對(duì)圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說(shuō)明、分析、比較，對(duì)某種事物或現(xiàn)象的事實(shí)或變化情況等加以說(shuō)明，并提出結(jié)論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫(xiě)作方法。

寫(xiě)好圖表作文，關(guān)鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準(zhǔn)確流暢的語(yǔ)言把這一信息表達(dá)出來(lái)，并就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。

圖表作文的寫(xiě)作步驟

寫(xiě)圖表作文時(shí)，要注意遵循以下步驟：

1）認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系；

2）確定文章的主題思想，構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說(shuō)明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù)；

3）編列文章的提綱；

4）根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展成段落，然后將各個(gè)段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過(guò)渡；

5）檢查與修改。［例］1.DescribethedifferencesoftheincomesourcesbetweenChineseandAmericanstudents.2.Analyzepossiblereasonsforthesedifferences.3.Predicatefuturetendency.

SourceofIncomePercentageofTotalIncomeParents

Part-timejobFellowshiporScholarship

AmericanStudents50%35%15%ChineseStudents90%5%5%

［范文］

IncomeSourcesBetweenChineseStudentsandAmericanStudentsIncomesourcesofChinesestudentsarequitedifferentfromthoseofAmericanstudents.InChina,studentsget90%oftheirmoneyfromtheirparentswhileinAmerica,only50%ofstudents’moneyisprovidedbyparents.Inaddition,Chinesestudentsearnonly5%oftheirmoneyfromparttimejobsand5%fromfellowshiporscholarshipwhileincomefromthesetworesourcesforAmericanstudentstakesup35%and15%respectivelyoftheirtotalincome.Ithinkthereareprobablythreereasonsfortheirdifferences.First,becauseoftheinfluenceofdifferentsocialandfamilyvalues,ChinesestudentshaveformedthehabitofaskingformoneyfromtheirparentswhileAmericanstudentshavedevelopedmoresenseofbeingfinanciallyindependen