醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯精選

2016醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯精選一、與醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)的寫作常用詞匯分類（一）醫(yī)療、醫(yī)院、醫(yī)生、醫(yī)生doctor，medicalworkerphysician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon外科醫(yī)生doctorincharge主治醫(yī)生intern實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生residentdoctor住院醫(yī)生、醫(yī)院hospitalThespecializedhospital?？漆t(yī)院Thegeneralhospital普通醫(yī)院Thecommunityhospital社區(qū)醫(yī)院Thepublichospital公立醫(yī)院Theprivatehospital私立醫(yī)院clinc門診Conventionalclinictreatment普通門診ward病房medicalteam醫(yī)療隊(duì)、醫(yī)療手段drugtherapy藥物治療medicaltreatment醫(yī)療medicalinstruments醫(yī)療器械diagnose(v)診斷 (n)diagnosisprevent(v)預(yù)防sterilize(v)消毒|預(yù)防和治療疾病administrateadrug給藥預(yù)防和治療疾病preventandtreatdisease(v)

TCM中醫(yī)r>(10)chemotherapy化療medicalservice 醫(yī)療服務(wù)complainof(v) 主述healthcheckup健康普查diagnosingandtreating診斷和治療consultthedoctor(v)咨詢;4、醫(yī)療體制(1)healthcaresystem醫(yī)療體制(2)medicaldisputes 醫(yī)療糾紛(3)medicalaccident 醫(yī)療事故(4)therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients醫(yī)患關(guān)系(5)medicalinsurancesystem醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系(6)medicalaidfund醫(yī)療救助基金5、醫(yī)德(1)medicalethics醫(yī)德(2)patient-oriented以病人為核心(3)humanistic人道主義的(4)compassionate富于同情性的(5)considerate體貼周到的(6)resolute果斷的(7)servicequality服務(wù)質(zhì)量(8)togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople6、病人(1)patient(2)thesick(3)theinvalid(4)sufferer(二)疾病1、患病的表達(dá)方式⑴sufferfrom(v)contract(v)易感某種疾病的人peoplewithsomedisease患病人群易感某種疾病的人thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease2、必知疾病名稱heartdisease心臟病hypertension高血壓kidneyproblem腎病stroke中風(fēng)shock休克thebloodpressure血壓diabetes糖尿病obesity肥胖terminalillness絕癥incurableillness不治之癥cancer癌癥tumor腫瘤cancerofearlystage癌癥晚期emergencycase急癥seriousillness重癥thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑難病shortbreath短氣syndrome綜合癥complications并發(fā)癥process病程boneloss骨質(zhì)疏松short-sighted(adj)近視3、傳染病(1)感染源virus病毒bacteria細(xì)菌pest害蟲channelandmedia傳染途徑及媒介(2)傳染疾病somediseaseepidemic傳染性疾病 plague鼠疫influenza(簡(jiǎn))flu 流感infectioncontagion 傳染病infectiousdiseases 傳染病AIDS艾滋病SARS(3)傳染epidemic(a)流行的，傳染的blockthechannel(v)disseminate傳播crossinfection交叉感染5、疾病、病痛illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering6、疾病的轉(zhuǎn)歸(1)疾病的恢復(fù)recoverrecoveryrecuperateresumerecruitreinstate(2)疾病的惡化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemakeworseworsen7、其他相關(guān)詞匯outbreakandspendingbreakout(v)疾病的爆發(fā)spread(v)疾病的擴(kuò)散theincidenceofcommondiseases常見病發(fā)生率taboo禁忌speedupbloodcirculation(v)improvethecardiacfunctions(v)sideeffects副反應(yīng)complainof主述(三)藥物、藥物名稱medicinedrugremedymedicinalherbspowertabletpill、藥物用法開藥：prescribesomemedicineforsomediseaseswriteoutaproscription服藥takeamedicine治???的疾病aremedyforsomediseases、其他相關(guān)詞匯drugtherapy藥物治療sideeffects副反應(yīng)

drugabuse藥物濫用drugstore藥房overthecounter非處方藥drugallergy 藥物過敏drugpoisoning藥物中毒prescription 處方expensesformedicine藥費(fèi)chargesformedicinedrugrebate藥品回扣（四）心理疾病、心理學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯subhealth亞健康psychologicalbenefits心理健康心理咨詢psychologicalproblem心理問題心理咨詢psychologicalconsultationpsychologicalobstacles心理障礙mentalobstacles 心理障礙psychologicalmassage心理按摩psychology心理學(xué) /心理psychotherapy心理治療psychologicalexpert心理專家、情緒詞匯overcomedisappointdisappointedshy，flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticbesensitivetonervoustensionalsadagonypessimismpessimisticconfidentconfidencestresspressuredepressdepresseddepressiondepressive、疲勞相關(guān)詞匯fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary(五)肥胖與營養(yǎng)、營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)nutrient營養(yǎng)素

protein蛋白質(zhì)fat脂肪glucose葡萄糖vitamin維生素sugar糖類heatcaloriesquantityofheat 熱量carbohydrate碳水化合物softdrinkbeverage軟飲料cholesterol膽固醇、營養(yǎng)與飲食awell-balanceddietnutrition營養(yǎng)nutritional營養(yǎng)的二、醫(yī)學(xué)寫作其他常用詞匯下降、減少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution,drop，descend，descend，go/comedownfall上升、增加 rise;goup;ascend;increase禽流感H1N1flu/birdflu/avianflu;食品安全 foodsafety公共衛(wèi)生突發(fā)事件publichealthemergencies應(yīng)急反應(yīng) immediateresponseto.關(guān)注民生concern(focuson,payattentionto)people ’slivelihood/well-being&>6IU城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生體系urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem預(yù)防保健diseasepreventionandhealthcare服務(wù)體系 servicesystemA講究衛(wèi)生 payattentiontohygiene個(gè)人和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生 personalandenvironmentalhygiene9i.清淡的lite蛋白添加飲食 protein-complementeddiet預(yù)防的措施preventiveinitiatives=preventivemeasuresAAN人畜共患病 zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人獸共患病蟲媒insectpollination;蟲媒傳染病 insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectiousdisease腎病綜合征 nephritic/renalsyndrome;爆發(fā)流行breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakofexplosion傳染（及相關(guān)詞）：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/contagious,transmission/transmittable;!'傳播途徑routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind;persontopersontransmission傳播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/propagation{D污染pollution/pollute，contamination/contaminate福祉 well-being,happiness衰老 growold;aging;senility;seniles每況愈下frombadtoworse相似的akinto=similarto膿的,化膿的purulent-脂肪肝fattyliver血壓hypertension腸癌 CancerofRectumandColon亞健康 sub-health8過勞死 deathfromoverwork[長期以來foralongtime;overtheyears0養(yǎng)生preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth分類bedividedinto=fallintothreecategories=begroupedaccordingtotheirorigin,intothreeclasses.=becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedintothreekinds基本職責(zé)=basic/fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations基本原則fundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple道德morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于實(shí)踐方面，指按習(xí)慣或社會(huì)公認(rèn)的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤指男女之間關(guān)系的道德。morality指符合道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的行為，或用道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量某事，既指社會(huì)的又指?jìng)€(gè)人的道德。ethics多用于倫理方面，指符合于倫理學(xué)中所指的好的行為，常指公平正真地對(duì)人對(duì)事的品德。民眾the(general)public，themassesofthepeople，thecommonpeople合作者 co-worker;collaborator;copartner;co-agent死亡人數(shù)deathtoll，deaths，thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfrom.歸結(jié)為boildownto;comedownto歸因?yàn)?歸功于beattributableto，beattributedto，ascribeorattribute…to,owe…to歸咎于layorputtheblameonsb,blame…on,ascribeorattribute???to,impute…to大規(guī)模onalargescale，extensive，large-scale，massive大規(guī)模流行 large-scaletransmission，becomeapandemic，massiveattack/outbreak表面上onthesurface,apparently,ostensibly,superficial,seemingly因果關(guān)系 cause