地理英語(yǔ)詞匯

中文英文地理學(xué)統(tǒng)一地理學(xué)普通地理學(xué)系統(tǒng)地理學(xué)區(qū)域地理學(xué)理論地理學(xué)應(yīng)用地理學(xué)地文學(xué)地質(zhì)學(xué)地理學(xué)體系地理環(huán)境geographyunifiedgeographygeneralgeographysystematicgeographyregionalgeographytheoreticalgeographyappliedgeographymetageographyphysiographychorographypaleogeogpraphygeographicalsystemgeographicalenvironment01地理學(xué)總論中文英文地理因子地理過(guò)程地理分布地理界線地理綜合地理考察綜合考察區(qū)域分析區(qū)域分異生存空間生存承載能力環(huán)境決定論災(zāi)變論地球地球表面geographicalfactorsgeographicalprocessgeographicaldistributiongeographicalboundarygeographicalsynthesisgeographicalsurveyintegratedsurveyregionalanalysisregionaldifferentiationlivingspacelife-carryingcapacityenvironmentaldeterminismcatastrophetheoryearthearthsurface中文英文地球表層地理系統(tǒng)地理圈景觀圈巖石圈水圈大氣圈土壤圈生物圈地圈智能圈技術(shù)圈北半球南半球地球體epigeospheregeosystemgeographicalspherelandscapespherelithospherehydrosphereatmospherepedospherebiospheregeospherenoonspheretechnospherenorthernhemispheresouthernhemispheregeoid中文英文地理緯度地理經(jīng)度北極南極極圈北回歸線南回歸線赤道時(shí)區(qū)日界線極晝極夜洲大陸洋latitudelongitudeNorthPoleSouthPoleArcticCircleTropicofCancerTropicofCapricornequatortimezonedatelinepolardaypolarnightcontinentoceansea中文英文內(nèi)陸地理單元區(qū)劃帶地帶區(qū)域地區(qū)小區(qū)inlandgeographicalunitregionalizationbeltzoneregionareadistrict中文英文自然地理學(xué)綜合自然地理學(xué)普通自然地理學(xué)自然綜合體地域自然綜合體自然地理過(guò)程自然生產(chǎn)潛力進(jìn)展因素殘留因素三維地帶性水平地帶垂直地帶地帶性physicalgeographyintegratedphysicalgeographygeneralphysicalgeographynaturalcomplexterritorialnaturalcomplexphysicalgeographicprocessnaturalpotentialproductivityprogressivefactorrelicfactorthreedimensionzonalityhorizontalzoneverticalzonezonality02自然地理學(xué)中文英文非地帶性水平地帶性垂直地帶性地方性坡向陽(yáng)坡陰坡山體效應(yīng)綜合自然區(qū)劃雪帶亞雪帶高山亞高山山地azonalityhorizontalzonalityverticalzonalitylocalityexposureadret,sunnyslopeubac,shadyslopeMassenerhebungseffekt(德）,integratedphysicogeographicalregionalizationnivalbeltsubnivalbeltalpinesubalpinemountains中文英文荒漠荒漠化沙漠巖漠礫漠泥漠鹽漠戈壁綠洲景觀學(xué)景觀相自然景觀土地desertdesertificationsandydesertrockydesertgraveldesertargillaceousdesertsaltdesertgobioasislandscapesciencelandscapefaciesnaturallandscapeland中文英文土地系統(tǒng)土地分類(lèi)土地類(lèi)型土地單元土地要素土地刻面刻面聯(lián)合體土地屬性生態(tài)地理學(xué)地生態(tài)學(xué)景觀生態(tài)學(xué)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)平衡生態(tài)區(qū)域生態(tài)小區(qū)landsystemlandclassificationlandtypelandunitlandelementlandfacetfacetcombinationterraincharacteristicsecogeographygeoecologylandscapeecologyecosystemecologicalbalanceecoregionecodistict中文英文生態(tài)地段生態(tài)區(qū)生態(tài)點(diǎn)自然資源可再生資源非可再生資源災(zāi)害地理學(xué)自然災(zāi)害ecosectionecotopeecositenaturalresourcesrenewableresourcesnonrenewableresourceshazardgeographynaturalhazard中文英文地貌學(xué)地貌地貌年代學(xué)地貌成因地貌形成作用氣候地貌學(xué)動(dòng)力地貌學(xué)地貌量計(jì)學(xué)人工地貌平原低地高地丘陵geomorphologylandformgeomorphochronologygeomorphogenesis,landformgenesislandformformingprocessclimaticgeomorphologydynamicgeomorphologygeomorphometryanthropogeniclandformsplainlowlandhighlandhill

03地貌學(xué)中文英文山山脈嶺峰山麓半島島嶼群島海峽地峽海拔（高度）相對(duì)高度山嘴盆地山間盆地mountainmountainrange,mountainchainrange,ridgepeak,mountpiedmontpeninsulaislandarchipelagostraitisthmusaltitude,heightabovesealevelrelativeheightmountainspurbasinintermountainbasin中文英文山間盆地山峰崖山麓平原高原峽谷谷溝谷沖溝山形山志階地臺(tái)地洼地坡地intermountainbasinmountainpeakcliff,scarppiedmontplainplateaugorge,canyonvalleyravinegullymountainformsorographyterracetableland,platformdepressionslope中文英文坡度基巖地貌過(guò)程侵蝕[作用]雨滴侵蝕剝蝕[作用]刻蝕溶蝕沖刷片蝕溯源侵蝕下切侵蝕側(cè)[向侵]slope,gradientbedrockgeomorphologicalprocesserosionraindroperosiondenudationcorrasioncorrosionwash,erosionsheeterosionheadwarderosiondowncutting,incision,verticalerosionlateralerosion中文英文掏蝕侵蝕基[準(zhǔn)]面總侵蝕基[準(zhǔn)]面局部侵蝕基[準(zhǔn)]面裂點(diǎn)沉積作用堆積作用堆積物加積作用沉積相地貌世代地貌序列地形基面地貌組合正地貌undercuttingbaseleveloferosiongeneralbaselevellocalbaselevelknickpointsedimentation,depositiondeposition,accumulationdepositaggradationsedimentaryfaciesgenerationoflandformslandformsseriesbaselevellandformassemblagepositivelandform中文英文負(fù)地貌正常地貌倒置地貌地貌倒置刻蝕地貌夷平作用夷平面準(zhǔn)平面剝蝕面山麓[侵蝕]面山麓侵蝕平面山頂面侵蝕循環(huán)回春作用negativelandformnormallandforminvertedlandforminversionoflandformerosionallandformplanationsurfacepeneplaindenudationsufaceerosionsurfacepedimentpediplainsummitplaneerosioncyclerejuvenation中文英文相關(guān)沉積地殼均衡新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)構(gòu)造地貌學(xué)丹霞地貌構(gòu)造高原構(gòu)造階地單面山方山豬背脊線形現(xiàn)象斷層崖斷層線崖斷層三角面correlatedsedimentsisostasyneotectonicmovementstructuralgeomorphology,tectonicgeomorphology“Danxia”landformstructuralplateaustructuralterracecuesta(西）mesahogbackridgelineamentfaultscarpfault-linescarptriangularfacet中文英文斷層谷斷塊山火山火山作用風(fēng)化[作用]物理風(fēng)化[作用]化學(xué)風(fēng)化[作用]生物風(fēng)化[作用]機(jī)械風(fēng)化[作用]差異風(fēng)化[作用]風(fēng)化層殘積土殘積物殘積層風(fēng)化殼triangularfacetfaultvalleyblockmountainvolcanoweatheringphysicalweatheringchemicalweatheringbiologicalweatheringmechanicalweatheringdifferentialweatheringregolithresidualsoileluviumeluviumweatheredcrust中文英文正殘積風(fēng)化殼碎屑型風(fēng)化殼硅鋁粘土型風(fēng)化殼硅鋁碳酸鹽型風(fēng)化殼硅鋁－氧化物－硫酸鹽風(fēng)化殼硅鋁－鐵質(zhì)和富鋁型風(fēng)化殼剝落頁(yè)狀剝落塊狀崩落結(jié)殼作用塊狀崩落結(jié)殼作用鹽屑堆鹽屑錐orthoeluvialweatheredcrustclasticweatheredcrustsiallite-clayweatheredcrustsiallite-carbonateweatheredcrustsiallite-chloride-sulphatewea-theredcrustsiallite-ferriteandallitewea-theredcrustexfoliation,desquamationexfoliationcrumblingincrustationcrumblingincrustationtalustaluscone中文英文山麓堆積坡積物坡水堆積物土體蠕動(dòng)滑塌滑坡泥石流泥流巖崩流水地貌學(xué)流水地貌沖積物沖積層沖積錐沖積扇talusslopedepositdeluviumsoilcreepcollapselandslide,landslipdebrisflowmudflowrockfallfluvialgeomorphologyfluviallandformalluvium，alluvialdepositalluviumalluvialconealluvialfan中文英文洪積物洪積層洪積扇河床河漫灘匯水區(qū)流域分水嶺辮狀河曲流天然堤濱河床沙壩凸岸壩牛軛湖離堆山proluvium，proluvialdepositproluviumproluvialfanriverbedfloodplaincatchmentareadrainagearea，basinwaterdivide，divide，watershedbraidedstreammeandernaturalleveechannelbar，sandbarpointbarox-bowlakemeandercore，meanderspur中文英文河流階地河流襲奪河流錯(cuò)位河流偏移風(fēng)口縱谷橫谷風(fēng)蝕吹蝕沙丘新月形沙丘流動(dòng)沙丘固定沙丘半固定沙丘縱向沙丘riverterracerivercaptureriveroffsetriverdeflectionwindgaplongitudinalvalleytransversevalleywinderosiondeflationsanddunecrescentdunemobiledune，wanderingdunefixeddunesemifixieddunelongitudinaldune中文英文橫向沙丘拋物線沙丘蜂窩狀沙丘沙垅風(fēng)棱石風(fēng)蝕脊沙暴風(fēng)蝕坑風(fēng)蝕洼地干鹽湖基巖扇島山漠漆巖漆漠蓋層transverseduneparabolicdunehoneycombdunessandridgewind-facetedstones，ventifactyardangsandstormblowoutpitdeflationhollowplayarockfaninselbergdesertvarnishrockvarnishdesertpavement中文英文黃土黃土地貌黃土塬黃土梁黃土峁劣地咯斯特咯斯特地貌學(xué)咯斯特地貌咯斯特化溶斗溶蝕谷溶蝕盆落水洞溶溝loessloesslandform“yuan”，loesstableland“l(fā)iang”，loessridge“mao”，loesshillbadlandkarstkarstgeomorphologykarstlandformkarstificationdolinepoljeuvalasinkholekarren中文英文干谷豎井潛蝕作用洞穴堆積咯斯特平原峰林石林洞穴學(xué)假咯斯特類(lèi)咯斯特泉華沉積石灰華海岸濱海岸地貌學(xué)dryvalleyshaftundergrounderosioncavedepositkarstplainpeakforeststonepinaclesspeleologypseudokarstparakarstsinterdepositiontufaseacoastshorecoastalgeomorphology中文英文海蝕作用海蝕龕海蝕洞海蝕臺(tái)海蝕崖海蝕柱岬角巖灘潮灘潮汐通道潮溝舄湖三角洲河口灣海灘marineerosionwave-cutnotchseacaveabrasionplatformseacliffseastackcapebenchtidalflattidalchannel，tidalinlettidalcreeklagoondeltaestuarycoastalbeach中文英文灘脊灘脊[型]潮灘灘脊[型]潮灘平原沙嘴障壁壩濱外壩尖[形]灘尖[形]壩連島壩陸連島沿濱泥沙流海岸階地全球性海面升降珊瑚礁岸礁beachridgechenierchenierplainsandspitbarrieroff-shorebarcuspateforelandtuspatebartombolotomboloislandlongshoredriftcoastalterrace，marineterraceeustaticmovementcoralreeffringingreef中文英文堡礁環(huán)礁大陸架大陸坡洋盆海隆海嶺平頂海山海溝海淵barrierreefatollcontinentalshelfcontinentalslopeoceanicbasinriseoceanicridgeguyottrenchabyssaldeep中文英文氣候?qū)W氣候氣候資源太陽(yáng)輻射反照射積溫?zé)o霜期降水蒸發(fā)干燥度熱水平衡風(fēng)向風(fēng)速氣候?yàn)?zāi)害climatologyclimateclimateresourcessolarradiationalbedoaccumulatedtemperaturefrost-freeperiodprecipitationevaporationaridityheat-waterbalancewinddirectionwindspeedclimatedamage，climatichazard04氣候?qū)W中文英文旱災(zāi)水災(zāi)風(fēng)災(zāi)雹災(zāi)濕害熱害凍害冷害氣候分類(lèi)氣候區(qū)劃氣候帶氣候區(qū)氣候型赤道帶熱帶droughtdamageflooddamagewinddamagehaildamagewetdamageheatdamagefreezingdamagecolddamageclimaticclassificationclimaticregionalizationclimaticzoneclimaticregionclimatictypeequatorialzonetropicalzone中文英文亞熱帶溫帶寒帶濕潤(rùn)氣候干燥氣候熱帶雨林氣候薩瓦納氣候森林氣候草原氣候荒漠氣候苔原氣候極地氣候高原氣候山地氣候大陸度subtropicalzonetemperatezonecoldzonehumidclimatearidclimatetropicalrainforestclimatesavannaclimateforestclimatesteppeclimatedesertclimatetundraclimatepolarclimateplateauclimatemountainclimatecontinentality中文英文大陸性氣候海洋性氣候地中海氣候地形氣候?qū)W區(qū)域氣候地方氣候小氣候氣候系統(tǒng)行星風(fēng)系信風(fēng)季風(fēng)梅雨臺(tái)風(fēng)寒潮海陸風(fēng)continentalclimatemaritimeclimateMediterraneanclimatetopoclimatologyregionalclimatelocalclimatemicroclimateclimaticsystemplanetarywindsystemtradewind，tradesmonsoonMeiyu,，plumraintyphooncoldwavesea-landbreeze中文英文山谷風(fēng)干熱風(fēng)焚風(fēng)雨影氣候變遷古氣候歷史氣候年輪氣候?qū)W物候?qū)W自然歷城市氣候城市熱島氣候志mountain-valleybreezedry-hotwindfoehnrainshadowclimaticchangepalaeoclimatehistoricalclimatedendroclimatologyphenologynaturalcalendarurbanclimateurbanheatislandclimatography中文英文水文地理學(xué)水文學(xué)水體水團(tuán)河流學(xué)水利學(xué)水利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)水化學(xué)森林水文學(xué)都市水文學(xué)水文物理學(xué)古水文學(xué)土壤水文學(xué)hydrogeographyhydrologywaterbodywatermasspotamologyhydraulicshydroeconomicshydrochemistryforesthydrologyurbanhydrologyhydrophysicspalaeohydrologypedohydrology05水文地理學(xué)中文英文水文情勢(shì)水文過(guò)程水文測(cè)驗(yàn)流域形態(tài)流域分水線河道坡降河道等級(jí)閉合盆地河網(wǎng)密度總蒸發(fā)水平衡陸面蒸發(fā)水面蒸發(fā)分岔系數(shù)河源hydrologicalregimehydrologicalprocesshydrometrywatershedmorphologybasindividechannelgradientchannelorderclosedbasindrainagedensityevapotranspirationwaterbudget，waterbalancelandevaporationwatersurfaceevaporationforkfactorheadwaters中文英文水道網(wǎng)支流過(guò)程線流量過(guò)程線分割瀑布水平降水水循環(huán)水量交換徑流徑流系數(shù)年正常徑流量基流河床變形河流補(bǔ)給暴發(fā)洪水hydrographicnettributaryhydrographseparationofhydrographwaterfallhorizontalprecipitationwatercyclewaterexchangerunoffrunoffcoefficientannualnormalrunoffbaseflowriverbeddeformationriverfeedingflashflood中文英文洪水流水過(guò)程層間流壤中流河流數(shù)目定律疊加定律流量坡面流洪峰流量產(chǎn)流匯流產(chǎn)沙率退水曲線徑流模數(shù)產(chǎn)水量floodfluvialprocessesinteraquiferflowinterflowlawofstreamnumberslawofsuperpositiondischargeoverlandflowpeakdischargerunoffgenerationflowconcentrationrateofsedimentproductionrecessioncurverunoffmoduluswateryield中文英文懸移質(zhì)泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)沙量水位洪水位警戒水位水土流失水土保持澇暴雨徑流輸沙能力徑流變率地下水文學(xué)承壓地下水水力傳導(dǎo)度suspendedloadsedimentmovementsedimentyieldwaterstagefloodlevelwarningstagewaterandsoillosswaterandsoilconservationwaterloggingstormflowtransportabilityofsedimentsvariabilityofrunoffgroundwaterhydrologyconfinedgroundwaterhydraulicconductivity中文英文入滲土壤水含水層自流水盆地深層地下水裂隙水地下水位礦泉地下河飽和帶湖沼學(xué)湖泊水文學(xué)湖流水質(zhì)湖泊富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化infiltrationsoilwateraquiferartesianbasindeepphreaticwaterfissuredwaterwatertablemineralspringundergroundriversaturationzonelimnologylakehydrologylakecurrentwaterqualitylakeeutrophication中文英文人工湖鹽湖咸水湖淡水湖構(gòu)造湖層結(jié)湖季節(jié)性湖泊火山湖高山湖游移湖熱湖微咸湖干涸湖完全混和湖湖盆man-madelakesaltlakesalt-waterlakefreshwaterlaketectoniclake，structurallakestratifiedlakeseasonallakevolcaniclakealpinelakewanderinglakewarmlakebrackish-waterlakeextinctlakeholomixedlakelakecirculation中文英文湖水環(huán)流湖泊蓄水量冰川補(bǔ)給積雪水文學(xué)融雪水文學(xué)融雪徑流有潮河口無(wú)潮海波浪侵蝕地下水庫(kù)水資源供水水能lakecirculationlakestoragealimentationofglacieralimentationofglaciersnowhydrologysnowrunofftidalestuarytidelessseawaveerosiongroundwaterreservoirwaterresourcesWatersupplyhydropower中文英文生物地理學(xué)生物分布學(xué)生物分布分布區(qū)分布區(qū)中心分布區(qū)間斷分布區(qū)型擴(kuò)散中心殘遺種區(qū)種群生物群生物地理群落生境biogeographychorologybiochoresarealareakcenterarealdisjunctionarealtypedispersalcenterrefugiumpopulationbiotabiogeocoenosishabitat06生物地理學(xué)中文英文小生境群落生境植物地理學(xué)植物區(qū)系生活型生活型譜水生植物濕生植物中生植物旱生植物指示植物指示群落植被植物群落群叢niche，microhabitatbiotopephytogeographyfloralifeformlifeformspectrumhydrophytehygrophytemesophytexerophyteindicatorplantindicatorcommunityvegetationplantcommunityassociation中文英文群系植被型頂級(jí)群落演替針葉林泰加林落葉林常綠闊葉林硬葉林照葉林季[風(fēng)]雨林雨林紅樹(shù)林苔原森林草原formationvegetationtypeclimaxsuccessionconiferousforesttaigadeciduousforestevergreenbroad-leavedforestsclerophyllousforestlaurelforestmonsoonforestrainforestmangrovetundraforeststeppe中文英文草原高草草原薩瓦納普那高原草甸高山矮曲林森林上限樹(shù)線動(dòng)物地理學(xué)動(dòng)物區(qū)系地理阻障動(dòng)物傳布華萊士線動(dòng)物群落泛北極steppeprairiesavannapunameadowalpinekrummholzupperforestlimittimberlinezoogeographyfaunageographicalbarrierssynzoochorywallace’slineanimalcommunityHolarctic中文英文古北界新北界舊熱帶界新熱帶界東洋界澳洲界PalaearcticNeoarcticPalaeotropicNeotropicOrientalAustralasian中文英文土壤地理學(xué)土被土鏈土壤組合土壤復(fù)區(qū)土壤氣候土壤資源土壤退化土壤侵蝕古土壤森林土壤草原土壤荒漠土壤pedogeographysoilmantlesoilcatenasoilassociationsoilcomplexsoilclimatesoilresourcessoildegradationsoilerosionpaleosoilforestsoildesertsoildesertsoil07土壤地理學(xué)中文英文高山土壤幼年土壤成熟土壤頂級(jí)土壤灰化土棕壤褐土黃壤紅壤磚紅壤黑鈣土栗鈣土棕鈣土灰漠土棕漠土highmountainsoilyoungsoilmaturesoilclimaxsoilpodzolicsoilbrownearthcinnamonsoilyellowearthredearthlateritechernozemchestnutsoilbrownsoilgraydesertsoilbrowndesertsoil中文英文鹽土堿土solonchaksolonertz中文英文化學(xué)地理學(xué)景觀地球化學(xué)地球化學(xué)景觀自成景觀從屬景觀殘積景觀水上景觀水下景觀chemicalgeographylandscapegeochemistrygeochemicallandscapeautonomiclandscapeauxiliarylandscapeeluviallandscapesuperaquallandscapesubaquallandscape08化學(xué)地理學(xué)中文英文水成景觀單元景觀生源景觀非生源景觀大氣遷移水遷移生物遷移機(jī)械遷移化學(xué)遷移標(biāo)型元素標(biāo)型化合物標(biāo)型離子化學(xué)剝蝕aqueouslandscape，aquallandscapeelementarylandscapebiogeniclandscapeabiogeniclandscapeaerialmigrationaqueousmigrationbiologicalmigrationmechanicalmigrationchemicalmigration，physico-chemicalmigrationtypomorphicelementtypomorphiccompoundtypomorphicionchemicaldenudation中文英文醫(yī)學(xué)地理學(xué)地方病自然疫源地高山病克山病大骨節(jié)病medicalgeographyendemicdiseasenaturalepidemicfocusmountainsicknessKeshandiseaseKaschin-Beckdisease09醫(yī)學(xué)地理學(xué)中文英文環(huán)境地理學(xué)環(huán)境地球化學(xué)自然環(huán)境社會(huì)環(huán)境區(qū)域環(huán)境海洋環(huán)境環(huán)境系統(tǒng)環(huán)境結(jié)構(gòu)環(huán)境要素環(huán)境演化環(huán)境背景值環(huán)境異常環(huán)境自凈environmentalgeographyenvironmentalgeochemistrynaturalenvironmentsocialenvironmentregionalenvironmentmarineenvironmentenvironmentalsystemenvironmentalstructureenvironmentalelementenvironmentalevolutionenvironmentalbackgroundvalueenvironmentalabnormalityenvironmentalself-purification10環(huán)境地理學(xué)中文英文環(huán)境容量景觀損害環(huán)境退化環(huán)境效應(yīng)環(huán)境污染大氣污染水污染土壤污染海洋污染環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境管理環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)environmentalcapacitylandscapedamageenvironmentaldegradationenvironmentaleffectenvironmentalpollutionatmosphericpollutionwaterpollutionsoilpollutionmarinepollutionenvironmentaleconomyenvironmentalmanagementenvironmentalstandard中文英文環(huán)境質(zhì)量環(huán)境質(zhì)量參數(shù)環(huán)境質(zhì)量指數(shù)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)境質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)境保護(hù)環(huán)境規(guī)劃環(huán)境區(qū)劃環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)自然保護(hù)自然保護(hù)區(qū)自然資源保護(hù)生物資源保護(hù)environmentalqualityenvironmentalqualityparameterenvironmentalqualityindexenvironmentalqualityevaluationenvironmentalimpactassessmentenvironmentalqualitycomprehensiveevaluationenvironmentalprotectionenvironmentalplanningenvironmentalregionalizationenvironmentaldesignconservationofnaturenaturereserveconservationofnaturalresourceslivingresourcesconservation中文英文水資源保護(hù)國(guó)家公園地面沉降公害公害病水悮病痛痛病protectionofwaterresourcesnationalparklandsubsidencepublicnuisancepublicnuisancediseaseminamatadiseaseitai-itaidisease中文英文冰川學(xué)積雪粒雪粒雪化作用粒雪盆雪線吹雪雪崩雪蝕陸冰冰山冰川冰蓋glaciologysnowcoverfirnfirnificationfirnbasinsnowlinesnowdriftavalanchenivationlandiceicebergglaciericesheet11冰川學(xué)中文英文冰原冰川化冰川作用冰川物質(zhì)平衡消融區(qū)積累區(qū)冰川隙冰川地質(zhì)學(xué)角峰冰斗U形谷鼓丘羊背石冰擦痕冰川河流icefieldglacierizationglaciationglaciermass-balanceablationareaaccumulationareacrevasseglacialgeologyhorncirqueU-shapevalleydrumlinrochemoutonneeglacialstriaglacialstream中文英文冰下河道漂礫紋泥海洋性冰川大陸性冰川極地冰川山岳冰川冰斗冰川懸冰川冰川變化冰川退縮冰期小冰期新冰期冰期后subglacialchannelbouldervarvemaritimeglaciercontinentalglacierpolarglaciermountainglaciercirqueglacierhangingglacierglacialfluctuationdeglaciationiceagelittleiceageneoglaciationpost-glacial中文英文間冰期冷圈冷圈學(xué)interglacialperiodcryospherecryology中文英文凍土學(xué)凍土融土季節(jié)凍土多年凍土高山凍土凍土動(dòng)力學(xué)凍土退化凍土進(jìn)化geocryology,cryopedologyfrozengroundmeltedsoilseasonalfrozengroundpermafrostalpinepermafrostpermafrostdynamicspermafrostdegradationpermafrostaggradation12凍土學(xué)中文英文富冰凍土凍結(jié)層中水凍土相分析凍融循環(huán)凍結(jié)指數(shù)融化指數(shù)零點(diǎn)幕成冰作用冰膠結(jié)冰分凝地下水冰透鏡體冰含量?jī)雒泝雒浟cepermafrostinterpermafrostwaterpermafrostphase-analysesfreeze-thawcyclesfreezingindexthawingindexzerocurtainiceformationcementicesegregatedicegroundiceicelensicecontentfrostheavingfrostheavingforce中文英文冰緣寒凍風(fēng)化熱喀斯特?zé)峥λ固睾浄瓭{periglacialcryogenicweathering,frostweatheringthermokarstthermokarstlakeicewedgefrostboil中文英文沼澤學(xué)沼澤鹽沼草甸沼澤苔蘚沼澤蘆葦沼澤miresciencemire,swampsaltmarshmeadowmarshsedgemarsh,reedmarsh,phragmitesmarsh13沼澤學(xué)中文英文蘚類(lèi)沼澤顫沼林地沼澤紅樹(shù)林沼澤海濱沼澤灘地沼澤階地沼澤平原沼澤高山沼澤山地沼澤沼澤形成過(guò)程沼澤水文沼澤植物低位沼澤中位沼澤massbogquakingmire,floatingmireforestmarshmangroveswampcoastalmarshfluvialmarshterracemarshplainmarshplateaumarshmountainmire,uplandmiremireformationprocessmirehydrology,peatlandhydrologymireplantfentransitionalmire中文英文高位沼澤富營(yíng)養(yǎng)沼澤中營(yíng)養(yǎng)化沼澤貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)化沼澤沼澤化沼澤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)沼澤率泥炭濕地raisedbogeutrophicmiremesotrophicmireoligotrophicbogpaludificationmireecosystemmireareapeatwetland中文英文人文地理學(xué)人類(lèi)地理學(xué)人種地理學(xué)humangeographyanthropogeographygeographyofrace14人文地理學(xué)中文英文人口地理學(xué)民族地理學(xué)民族志聚落地理學(xué)城市地理學(xué)鄉(xiāng)村地理學(xué)社會(huì)地理學(xué)文化地理學(xué)行為地理學(xué)感應(yīng)地理學(xué)政治地理學(xué)行政地理學(xué)軍事地理學(xué)選舉地理學(xué)犯罪地理學(xué)populationgeography,ethnicgeographyethnographysettlementgeographyurbangeographyruralgeographysocialgeographyculturalgeographybehaviouralgeographyperceptiongeographypoliticalgeographyadministrativegeographymilitarygeographyelectralgeographygeographyofcrime中文英文激進(jìn)地理學(xué)人本主義地理學(xué)福利地理學(xué)旅游地理學(xué)游憩地理學(xué)閑暇地理學(xué)宗教地理學(xué)語(yǔ)言地理學(xué)地緣政治學(xué)人類(lèi)生態(tài)學(xué)聚落城市鎮(zhèn)城市化城市化區(qū)域radicalgeographyhumanisticgeographywelfaregeographygeographyoftourismgeographyofrecreationgeographyofleisuregeographyofreligionlinguisticgeographygeopoliticshumanecologysettlementcitytownurbanizationurbanizedarea中文英文逆城市化城市連綿區(qū)城市集群大都市圈大都市市區(qū)城市等級(jí)系列城市體系城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化大都市統(tǒng)計(jì)區(qū)都市集聚城市輻集郊區(qū)化城市引力引力模式斷裂點(diǎn)counterurbanizationmegalopolitanregionmegalopolismetropolitanregionmetropolitanareaurbanhierarchyurbansystemcityecologicalsystemstandardmetropolitanstatisticalareaurbanagglomerationcityagglomerationsuburbanizationcityattractiongravitymodelbreakpoint中文英文潛能模式城市場(chǎng)樞紐區(qū)樞紐城市蔓生中心城市田園城市綠帶城市分散城市首位城市首位度要沖城市母城衛(wèi)星城臥城potentialmodelurbanfieldnodalregionnodalpointurbansprawlcentercitygardencitygreenbeltcitydispersedcityprimatecityprimacyratiogatewaycitymothercitysatellitetowndormitorytown中文英文城市形態(tài)城市邊緣同心圓地帶論扇形論多核心論核心-邊緣論郊區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)交錯(cuò)帶鄉(xiāng)村規(guī)劃農(nóng)業(yè)村鎮(zhèn)城市化村地域系統(tǒng)區(qū)域系統(tǒng)建成區(qū)城市衰落區(qū)urbanmorphologyurbanfringeconcentriczonetheorysectortheorymultiplenucleitheorycore-peripherytheorysuburbrural-urbanfringeruralplanningagriculturaltownurbanizevillagearealsystemregionalsystembuilt-upareadeclinedurbanarea中文英文城市生長(zhǎng)極市中心通勤帶聚落類(lèi)型氏族聚落短期聚落礦業(yè)聚落棚戶區(qū)貧民區(qū)社區(qū)街坊鄰里隔坨區(qū)城市更新城市再開(kāi)發(fā)urbangrowthpolecitycentercommutezonesettlementpatternclansettlementcampsettlementminingsettlementsquattersettlementslumcommunityblockneighbourhoodghettourbanrenewalurbanredevelopment中文英文城市人口鄉(xiāng)村人口人口平衡閥限人口人口壓力人口組成人口總出生率人口總死亡率人口零增長(zhǎng)人口結(jié)構(gòu)年齡性別金字塔人口密度流動(dòng)人口勞動(dòng)力勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)urbanpopulationruralpopulationpopulationbalancethresholdpopulationpopulationpressurepopulationcompositioncrudebirthratecrudedeathratezeropopulationgrowthpopulationstructureage-sexpyramidpopulationdensityfloatingpopulationworkforce,labourforcelabourmarket中文英文就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)人地關(guān)系文化區(qū)文化邊界文化匯合文化景觀擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)散遷移擴(kuò)散刺激擴(kuò)散傳染擴(kuò)散等級(jí)擴(kuò)散等距原則距離衰減原則空間相互作用行為環(huán)境structureofemploymentman-landrelationshipculturalregionculturalboundaryculturalconwergenceculturallandscapeexpansiondiffusionrelocationdiffusionstimulusdiffusioncontagiousdiffusionhierarchicaldiffusionpricipleofequidistancedistance-decayregularityspatialinteractionbehaviouralenvironment中文英文行為矩陣領(lǐng)土領(lǐng)海領(lǐng)空部落領(lǐng)土空間主權(quán)空中走廊發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家緩沖國(guó)中立地帶分界線行政界線殖民地委任統(tǒng)治地behaviouralmatrixterritoryterritorialwatersterritorialskytribalTerritoryAir-spacesovereigntyaircorridordevelopedcountrydevelopingcountrybufferstateneutralzonedemarcationlineadministrativeboundarycolonymandatedterritory中文英文托管地區(qū)自治區(qū)核心區(qū)首都腹地心臟地帶旅游業(yè)旅游資源旅游容量游憩中心度假村旅游點(diǎn)trustterritoryautonomousregioncoreareacapitalhinterlandheartlandtourismtouristresourcestouristcapacityrecreationcenterholidayvillagetouristpoint中文英文歷史地理學(xué)歷史自然地理學(xué)歷史人文地理學(xué)城市歷史地理學(xué)區(qū)域歷史地理沙漠歷史地理沿革地理方志地理學(xué)史地理學(xué)思想史地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史地圖集地理學(xué)史historicalgeographyhistoricalphysicalgeographyhistoricalhumangeographyurbanhistoricalgeographyregionalhistoricalgeographydesertHistoricalgeographygeographyofhistoricaladministrationlocaltopographyhistoryofgeographyhistoryofgeographicalthoughtTheGrateDiscoverofGeographyhistoricalatlashistoryofcartography15歷史地理學(xué)中文英文經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)部門(mén)經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)生產(chǎn)地理學(xué)技術(shù)地理學(xué)資源地理學(xué)能源地理學(xué)建設(shè)地理學(xué)發(fā)展地理學(xué)區(qū)域科學(xué)空間經(jīng)濟(jì)空間組織空間體系空間結(jié)構(gòu)economicgeographysectorialEconomicgeographyregionalEconomicgeographygeographyofproductiontechnologicalgeographygeographyofresourcesgeographyofenergyreconstructionGeographydevelopmentGeographyregionalsciencespatialeconomyspatialorganizationspatialsystemspatialstructure16經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)中文英文空間差距活動(dòng)空間生產(chǎn)力布局生產(chǎn)布局地域類(lèi)型地域生產(chǎn)綜合體生產(chǎn)地域綜合體綜合發(fā)展生產(chǎn)專(zhuān)業(yè)化地域?qū)I(yè)化勞動(dòng)地域分工規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)信息經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)土開(kāi)放國(guó)土整治spatialdisparityactivityspaceallocationofproductiveforceallocationofproductionarealtypeterritorialproductioncomplexproductionarealcomplexcomprehensivedevelopmentspecializationofproductionarealspecializationarealdivisionoflabouraconomicofscaleinformationeconomyterritorialdevelopmentterritorialmanagement中文英文國(guó)土規(guī)劃流域規(guī)劃區(qū)域規(guī)劃區(qū)域開(kāi)發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略總體開(kāi)發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益社會(huì)效益生態(tài)效益資源優(yōu)勢(shì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地理?xiàng)l件經(jīng)濟(jì)地理位置區(qū)位理論出口基地理論內(nèi)部發(fā)展理論territorialplanningriverbasinplanningregionalplanningregionaldevelopmentstrategyofeconomicdevelopmentoveralldevelopmenteconomicbenefitsocialbenefitecologicalbenefitresourcessuperiorityeconomicgeographicalconditioneconomicgeographicallocationlocationtheoryexportbasetheoryinternalgrowththeory中文英文經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)作區(qū)發(fā)展區(qū)未開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)衰落區(qū)蕭條區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)農(nóng)業(yè)地理學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)布局農(nóng)業(yè)地域類(lèi)型農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)劃economicregionalizationeconomicregioneconomiccooperationregiondevelopingareaundevelopedareadecliningareadepressedareaspecialeconomiczoneeconomictechnicaldevelopmentareaeconomicappraisaltechno-economicappraisalagriculturalgeographyallocationofAgriculturearealtypeofAgricultureagriculturalregionalization中文英文農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)牧業(yè)區(qū)半農(nóng)半牧區(qū)林區(qū)土地能力土地功能土地管理土地改革土地利用土地利用制度土地利用類(lèi)型土地利用分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