2022屆高考英語精創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷 全國甲卷

2022屆高考英語精創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷全國甲卷學(xué)校：姓名：班級：考號：一、閱讀理解l.ZOOCREW—TEENVOLUNTEERPROGRAMAges13-17Passionateaboutanimalsandwonderingwhatazookeepefsdayislike?DenverZoo'aTeenVolunteerProgram,ZooCrew,mightbetheplaceforyou!Wedonotofferone-timevolunteerserviceopportunitiesforschoolorcourtappointedteens.APPLICATIONSTheapplicationwillopenonJanuaryIandcloseonMarch1.Applicantsmustbeatleast13yearsoldbythefirstdayoftrainingandnoolderthan17.REQUIREMENTSTeenvolunteers:75hoursofservicepersummer(JunethroughAugust)withseveralshiftseachmonth.First-yearteenvolunteers;threeweeks(M-F,morningsorafternoons)ofvolunteeringduringthesummertosupportSummerSafari,DenverZoo'ssummercamp.Allcurrentteenvolunteerscanchoosevolunteeryear-round,afterparticipatingforatleastonesummerseason.Theseteensmustcommittoatleastoneshiftpermonth,performpositiondutiesasassignedincludingworkingoutside,communicatewithguestsandstaffindependentlyandalongsideotherteenandadultvolunteers.JuniorCrew(YearIinZooCrew):SummerSafari;assistcampinstructorswithgames,zootours,andeducationalactivities.AnimalDepartment:assistveteranteenvolunteerswithdailyanimalhusbandryresponsibilitiessuchascleaning,dietpreparationandanimalenrichment.Teens16oroldermayalsohelpattheNutritionCenter,theZoo'sanimalkitchen.TUITION$150nonrefundable(不退還的)tuitionfee(duenolaterthanMayIofeachyear).DownloadDenverZoo'sTuitionScholarshipform.(ScholarshiprequestsareduenolaterthanApril15eachyear.)TuitionhelpscovercostsofZooCrewT-shirtuniforms,nametag,dailysupervision,programsupplies,trainingandcontinuingeducationprograms,annualawardceremony,socialeventsandcampouts.QUESTIONSFormoreinformation,pleasecalltheProgramSpecialistat720-337-1491ore-mailteenvolunteer(@denverzooorg).Whyistheprogramheldforteens?TosupportSummerSafarionlyfortwoweeks.Tovolunteertherewithsomeshiftsforayear.Toknowaboutazookeeper'slifeinsummer.Tojoinintheprogramforadayinthekitchen.WhatshouldallteenvolunteersinZooCrewdo?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchersfoundthatthispreferenceforaddingwasnoticeableinthreesituationsinparticular:whenpeoplewereunderhighercognitive（認(rèn)知的）load,whentherewaslesstimetoconsidertheotheroptions,andwhenvolunteersdidn'tgetaspecificreminderthatsubtractingwasanoption.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種選擇增加的偏好在以下三種情況下尤為明顯：當(dāng)人們的認(rèn)知負(fù)荷較高時，當(dāng)人們沒有時間考慮其他選擇時，當(dāng)志愿者沒有得到明確的提示，減除是一種選項時。）”中whentherewaslesstimetoconsidertheotheroptionsv可推知，當(dāng)人們沒有時間考慮其他選擇，需要匆忙決定時，人們更喜歡選擇增加。應(yīng)選D項。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inoneoftheexperiments,participantswereaskedtoimproveaLegostructuresothatitwasabletotakemoreweight』在其中一個實驗中，參與者被要求改進(jìn)Lego積木的結(jié)構(gòu)，使其能夠承受更多的重量。）”可知，實驗要求參與者穩(wěn)定Lego積木結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)選D項。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ourbrainsmightfindadditivechangeseasiertoprocessperhaps,orwemightbeassociatingaddingwithideasofsomethingthat'sbiggerandthereforebetterinoursubconscious.Theremightalsobeassociationsinourmindswiththecurrentstatusbeingsomethingthatneedstobemaintainedasmuchaspossible——andtakingsomethingawayisarguablymoredestructivetothecurrentstatusthanaddingsomethingnew.（我們的大腦可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)增加的變化更容易處理，或者我們可能會在潛意識中將增加與更大更好的想法聯(lián)系起來。在我們的腦海中可能還會有這樣的聯(lián)想：當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)是需要盡可能多地保持的，而拿走一些東西可能比增加一些新東西對當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)更具破壞性。）”可知，本段主要講了大腦喜歡增加的原因。應(yīng)選C項。.答案：LC;2.C;3.B;4.A解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容"Thepoliticalandeconomiccriseswhichfollowedhavelongdelayedtheplan,butcurrentpresident,JokoWidodo,nowappearsdeterminedtomakethemoveareality.ThegovernmentofficiallyconfirmedthatthecapitalwillbemovedfromJakartatoanewlocationwithinKalimantan,partoftheislandofBorneoinIndonesia.（隨后發(fā)生的政治和經(jīng)濟危機使該計劃推遲了很長時間，但現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)佐科?維多多現(xiàn)在似乎決心讓這一行動成為現(xiàn)實。政府官方證實，首都將從雅加達(dá)遷至加里曼丹的新地點，加里曼丹是印尼婆羅洲島的一局部。）”可知，政府的新計劃是將進(jìn)行遷都,首都將從雅加達(dá)遷至加里曼丹的新地點。應(yīng)選C項。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容"Anumberoffactorsarelikelytohaveinfluencedthedecisiontoforgeaheadwiththemove,butitseemslikelythatJakarta'senvironmentalproblemsarechiefamongthem.（可能有許多因素影響了推進(jìn)這一行動的決定，但雅加達(dá)的環(huán)境問題似乎是其中的主要因素。）”可知，雅加達(dá)的環(huán)境問題是推動“遷都”這一行動的主要因素,由此可推知為尋求更好的居住環(huán)境，政府做了這一決定。應(yīng)選C項。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容"SomeenvironmentalgroupsareconcernedthatthechosenlocationinEastKalimantanwillincreaselogginganddestructionofnearbyforests,hometoorangutansandotherendangeredspecies.（一些環(huán)保組織擔(dān)憂，在東加里曼丹選定的地點將增加伐木和對附近森林的破壞，那里是猩猩和其他瀕危物種的家園。）”可知，一些人擔(dān)憂遷都至東加里曼丹的地點會導(dǎo)致林木砍伐，造成對森林，對猩猩和其他瀕危動物棲息地的破壞，以致于破壞當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。應(yīng)選B項。.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章的首段內(nèi)容"Thepoliticalandeconomiccriseswhichfollowedhavelongdelayedtheplan,butcurrentpresident,JokoWidodo,nowappearsdeterminedtomakethemoveareality.ThegovernmentofficiallyconfirmedthatthecapitalwillbemovedfromJakartatoanewlocationwithinKalimantan,partoftheislandofBorneoinIndonesia4隨后發(fā)生的政治和經(jīng)濟危機使該計劃推遲了很長時間，但現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)佐科?維多多現(xiàn)在似乎決心讓這一行動成為現(xiàn)實。政府官方證實，首都將從雅加達(dá)遷至加里曼丹的新地點，加里曼丹是印尼婆羅洲島的一局部。）”揭示了文章的中心話題“遷都”，即，文章主要圍繞印尼政府要將首都遷至新地點，并在后文分析了其原因在于現(xiàn)首都雅加達(dá)的環(huán)境問題以及一些人對此存在的爭議。選項A”Movetonew.（搬到新首都。）”符合文章主題。應(yīng)選A項。.答案：ECFGB解析：①細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)后文Youmayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimages（形象）mayflyrightoutofyourhead.你可能已經(jīng)閱讀文字，但思想、概念和圖象可能會從你的腦中飛出，這說明有時.候記憶是很麻煩的，應(yīng)選E.②細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)前文iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.可知如果你的故事情節(jié)、人物或詞匯用法讓你感到困惑，你可能不會記得你讀到的東西，可知此處應(yīng)填“這有點像閱讀外語”，應(yīng)選C.③細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)前文Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.可知有了一些書，你可能馬上感覺到一種聯(lián)系，但是其他的書需要你做更多的工作，應(yīng)選F.④細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)前文He'dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.他會在鏡子里做鬼臉，為每個角色改變自己的聲音，你讀課文時也能做同樣的事，應(yīng)選G.⑤細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)前文Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,youlllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou'rereadingandwhatyou'veread.你多久看一次書？如果你經(jīng)常閱讀，你可能會更容易記住你所讀的內(nèi)容和你曾經(jīng)讀過的內(nèi)容，可知此處是告訴我們孰能生巧，應(yīng)選B..答案：1-5BCCAD6-10BDACD11-15BACDB16-20AADCB解析：1.考查動詞.admitted成認(rèn)；expected預(yù)期；decided決定；promised容許，根據(jù)前文Itstartedoutasjustanordinarydayatwork.可知我從來沒想到過幾個小時內(nèi)我會有很大的危險.應(yīng)選B..考查名詞.anger憤怒；sorrow悲傷；danger危險；surprise驚喜，我從來沒想到過幾個小時內(nèi)我會有很大的危險.應(yīng)選C..考查名詞.road道路；game游戲；tour旅游；bridge橋梁，太陽下山了，一天晚上我們正要結(jié)束旅行，突然有什么東西撞到了船上，應(yīng)選C..考查短語.knockedinto撞到；jumpedoff跳下；tookover接管；passedby路過，根據(jù)前文Thesunwassettingandwewerereachingtheend可知太陽下山了，一天晚上我們正要結(jié)束旅行，突然有什么東西撞到了船上.應(yīng)選A..考查名詞.visitor訪客；fisherman漁夫；guide指南；boat船，以為是另一艘船，我轉(zhuǎn)身推開它，突然一切都變暗了.應(yīng)選D..考查副詞.slowly慢慢地；suddenly突然；finally最后；hardly兒乎沒有，以為是另一艘船，我轉(zhuǎn)身推開它，突然一切都變暗了.應(yīng)選B..考查動詞.hold保持；tie系；shake搖動；free松開，根據(jù)后文Thesunwassettingandwewerereachingtheend可知我設(shè)法松開一只手，摸摸四周一我的手碰到了河馬的鼻子.應(yīng)選D..考查動詞，realized意識到；pretended假裝；imagined想象；remembered記住，直到那時，我才意識到我在水下，我的上身實際上在河馬的嘴里！我盡我所能地移動；應(yīng)選A..考查動詞.regretted后悔；refused拒絕；tried嘗試過；failed失敗，根據(jù)前文Iwasunderwater,myupperbodyactuallyinthehippo'smouth!可知直到那時,我才意識到我在水下，我的上身實際上在河馬的嘴里！我盡我所能地移動；應(yīng)選C..考查動詞.drive驅(qū)動；walk步行；run跑步；swim游泳，當(dāng)他張開嘴，我設(shè)法游走了.應(yīng)選D..考查動詞.fell跌倒；struck打擊；changed更改；missed錯過，但幾秒鐘后，他又打中了我，把我拉下水,應(yīng)選B..考查動詞.wondering疑惑；asking詢問；suggesting建議；predicting預(yù)測，我記得我抬頭望著水面，想知道我們中誰能憋得住他最久的呼吸,應(yīng)選A..考查介詞短語」naddition另外；Onpurpose故意的；Bychance偶然；Asusual像往常一樣，根據(jù)后文amedicalteamwasnearbyandtheyhelpedmetoreachahospital.可知一個偶然的機會，一個醫(yī)療隊在附近，他們幫助我到達(dá)一家醫(yī)院,應(yīng)選C..考查動詞.died死亡；slept睡著；arrived到達(dá)；disappeared消失，與此同時，河馬己經(jīng)悄悄地消失了.應(yīng)選D..考查副詞.thus因此；though盡管；instead相反；even甚至，不過，我相信我又見過他一次.應(yīng)選B..考查副詞.there那里；away離開；out出去；around周圍，在那里顯然讓我想起了發(fā)生的事.應(yīng)選A..考查形容詞.same相同；wrong錯的；strange奇怪的；quiet安靜，根據(jù)后文ahugehipposuddenlyappeared.可知當(dāng)我們經(jīng)過河中的同一個地方時，一只巨大的河馬突然出現(xiàn)了，應(yīng)選A..考查動詞.coughed咳嗽；sang唱;laughed笑了；shouted喊道，我大聲喊道,那些和我在一起的人說他們從來沒有聽到過這樣的聲音.應(yīng)選D..考查動詞.tracked跟蹤；trained受過訓(xùn)練；seen看見；caught抓到，根據(jù)前文Hewentbackunderthewater可知他回到水下，再也沒有人看見他.應(yīng)選C..考查動詞.examined檢查；recognized公認(rèn)；mentioned提及；noticed注意到，我肯定我認(rèn)出了同一只河馬，仍然很生氣?應(yīng)選B..答案：①includes②without③discovered④more⑤strangely⑥surprising⑦types⑧environmental⑨What⑩a

解析：①考查一般現(xiàn)在時和主謂一致。句意：音樂中有很多重復(fù)。此處描述客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語music為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填includeso②考查介詞。句意：很難想象沒有副歌你最喜歡的歌會是什么樣子。根據(jù)“心hardtoimaginewhatyourfavoritesongwouldbe",可知，此處是指沒有副歌你最喜歡的歌會是什么樣子，應(yīng)用介詞without表示“沒有"。故填without。③考查一般過去時。句意：幾年前，圣地亞哥加利福尼亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)單詞或短語重復(fù)幾次時，它們可以開始聽起來更像唱歌而不是說話。根據(jù)"Afewyearsback"可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填discovered.④考查比擬級。句意：幾年前，圣地亞哥加利福尼亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)單詞或短語重復(fù)幾次時，它們可以開始聽起來更像唱歌而不是說話。根據(jù)"thanspeaking"可知，此處應(yīng)用比擬級。故填more。⑤考查副詞。句意：在你看來，這些聲音不僅與真實存在的聲音不同，而且有時表現(xiàn)得非常奇怪，似乎不可能。修飾動詞behave應(yīng)用副詞strangely表示“奇怪地”作狀語。故填strangely。⑥考查形容詞。句意：這種影響或許并不完全令人驚訝。表示effect的性質(zhì)應(yīng)用形容詞surprising表示“令人驚訝的”作表語。故填surprising.⑦考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：但研究人員開始懷疑：重復(fù)也能使其他類型的聲音音樂化嗎？type意為“類型”，為可數(shù)名詞，在。ther后應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填types。⑧考查形容詞。句意：所以他們收集了20種不同環(huán)境聲音的片段，包括滴水聲、冰裂聲、鯨魚叫聲等等。修飾名詞sounds應(yīng)用形容詞environmental表示“環(huán)境的"作定語。故填environmental。⑨考查名詞性從句。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著重復(fù)次數(shù)的積累，參與者認(rèn)為這些聲音更加悅耳。在主語從句中缺少found的賓語，根據(jù)"thatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticipantsratedthesoundsasbeingmoretuneful,,可知，此處應(yīng)用連接代詞what表示“什么”。句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Whato⑩考查冠詞。句意:重復(fù)的音樂化能力似乎延伸到了比言語更廣泛的聲音。avarietyof意為“各種各樣的”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用冠詞a.故填a。.答案：Howisitgoing?HearingthatyouhavetroublesmalltalkwithstrangersinChina,I'dliketomaking“advicesotteryoumyadviceFirstly,itisnormaltofeelabitnervouswhenapproachingsomeonenew.Everyonegetsalittleshyfirst;afterall,youdon'tknowthepersonislike.Theonlywaygetoverbeingshywhatisandapproachthemgeneral.Secondly,Chinesepeople,especiallyyoungsters,arefriendly,kindandandapproachthem?"generallyrangeenthusiastic.Youcantalkaboutalmosteverythingfromsports,filmstars,hotmoviestomusic."ranginglikeThirdly,therearesomesensitivetopicssuchage,weightandincome,whichshouldbeavoided.as解析：1.第二句make改為makingo考查固定搭配havetrouble(in)doingsth.o.第二句advices改為adviceoadvice為不可數(shù)名詞，故不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。.第三句去掉abit后的ofoabit表示“有點兒”，修飾形容詞或副詞；abitof后接名詞。.第四句中g(shù)et后加a0alittle表示“有點兒”。.第五句how改為what。根據(jù)上下文語境表示某人怎么樣，應(yīng)用Whatsb.belike句型，故應(yīng)改為whato.第六句was改為is。考查時態(tài)的用法。.第六句us改成them。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是主動靠近他們。.第七句general改為generally。修飾形容詞用副詞。.第八句range改成ranging。謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的誤用，此處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞做后置定語。.第九句like改成aso本處考查固定搭配，表示局部列舉用suchas。9.答案：DearSir/Madam,I'mLiHua,asenior3studentwhoisgoodatoralEnglish.Learningthatyou'rerecruitingvolunteersforBeijingWinterOlympics,I'mwritingtoapplyfbrtheposition.IthinkI'masuitablealternativeandthereasonsareasfollows.Tobeginwith,I'mhealthyandhardworking,whichmeansIcanbearhardshipsandstandhardwork.What'smore,I'moutgoingandoptimistic,thusmakingiteasyformetogetalongwellwithothers.Moreimportantly,IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishandChineseculturethatIhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeigners.IfeelittheverythingIliketododuringthewintervacation.rdappreciateitifyoucouldoffermethechance,andIwilldefinitelydevotemyselftotallytoit.Yours,LiHua解析：本篇書面表達(dá)屬于用英文，要求考生給北京冬奧會組委會寫一封自薦信沖請成為志愿者服務(wù)外賓?！驹斀狻縇詞匯積累口頭的:oral一spoken首先:tobeginwith一tostartwith假期:vacation—holiday機會:chance一opportunity2.句式拓展原句:What'smore,I'moutgoingandoptimistic,thusmakingiteasyformetogetalongwellwithothers.拓展句:What'smore,I'moutgoingandoptimistic,whichmakesiteasyformetogetalongwellwithothers.【點睛】[高分句型1]TmLiHua,asenior3studentwhoisgoodatoralEnglish.（運用了who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）[高分句型2]Moreimportantly,IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishandChineseculturethatIhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeigners.（運用了that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句）A.Changetheirworkeverysummermonth.B.Offerservicesthereforatmost75Irours.liC.Volunteermainlyindoorwork.D.Workthereallbythemselves.3.WhatcanJuniorCrewgetattheprogram?A.Scholarshiptwiceayear.B.Competitionprizes.C.Schooluniforms.D.Routineguidance.2.AugustusSaint-GaudensandhisfamilyimmigratedtoNewYork,America,fromDublin,Ireland,in1848whenhewasjustsixmonthsold.Ashegrewup,Augustuslikedracinghisfriendsaroundtheblock,buyingcandiesatthestore,especiallydrawing-drawingpicturesoftheshoemakersathisfather'sshoeshop.Attheageof13,hisfathertoldhimitwastimetogotowork.Augustusreplied,HIshouldlikeitifIcoulddosomethingwhichwouldhelpmetobeanartist.nHebeganasanapprenticetoacameocutteroutofstoneandshell,andcarvedcameosofpeople,lions,andeventheheadofHerculesfromGreekmythology,whentheCivilWarhadjustbegun.At19,withhisearningsandhisparents'support,hetravelledtoParisandRomeforfurthertrainingandartisticstudy.Beforeheleft,hedrewaportraitofhismotherinpencilandsculptedasmallbust（半身像）ofhisfatheroutofclay.Then,22-year-oldAugustusopenedanartstudioinRomeandworkedonhisfirstlife-sizedsculpture,calledHiawatha.AnartpatronwasimpressedwiththissculptureandpromisedtohelpAugustus"untilyourgeniusandlaborsshallhavemetwiththerewardtowhichIfeeltheyareentitled,1.In1876,AugustuswaschosentodesignamonumenttotheCivilWarheroAdmiralDavidFarragutoftheU?S.Navy.Completedfiveyearslater,whenhewas33,hisfirstmajorsculpturefortheU.S.wasunveiledatMadisonSquareinNewYorkCity,thesculptor'sboyhoodhome.Oneartcriticcalledit"thebestmonumentofthekindthecityhastoshow”.ThenthegiantStandingLincolninLincolnPark,ChicagoinasettingbyarchitectWhite,1884-1887,wasconsideredthefinestportraitstatueintheU.S.However,in1900,aged52,hisdoctorstoldhimhehadcancer.Eventhoughhewasoftenill,hecontinuedtoworkathishomeandstudioinCornish,NewHampshire.In1905,PresidentTheodoreRooseveltrequestedthatAugustusredesignAmericancoins-toconveythestrengthofthenation.Augustusmadelifelikepencilsketchesofhiscoindesigns.Yet,AugustusdiedinAugust1907,twomonthsbeforehis10-dollarand20-dollargoldcoinswereissued.AugustusSaint-Gaudenshadfulfilledhisdream-andmore!HewasoneofthegreatestAmericansculptorsnotonlyofhisdaybutalsoofalltime..WhatdidAugustuslikedoingasachild?A.Heenjoyedsellingcandiesatthestore.B.Heenjoyedchasingafterhisfriendsatschool.C.Helikeddrawingpicturesofhisfather'sworkers.D.Helikedgoingtoworkasashoemakerinhisfather'sshop..HowdidAugustusbecomeasculptor?A.Hereceivedsponsorshipfromanartcritic.B.Hesculptedasmallbustofhisparentsoutofclay.C.HeopenedanartstudioinRomeandworkedonHiawatha.D.Helearnedhardasanapprenticeandcarvedmanyniceworks..WhendidRooseveltrequestAugustustoredesignAmericancoins?A.Athisageof33.B.Athisageof57.C.Athisageof52.D.Athisageof59..Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThehistoryoftheCivilWar.B.Theremarkablesculptor'slife.C.ThecommentsonAugustus*works.D.Theoutstandingsculptor'smasterpieces.3.Astudyof8differentexperimentsshowedthatourbrainstendtopreferadditionratherthansubtractionwhenitcomestofindingsolutions-inmanycases,itseemswejustdon'tconsiderthestrategyoftakingsomethingawayatall.Theresearchersfoundthatthispreferenceforaddingwasnoticeableinthreesituationsinparticular:whenpeoplewereunderhighercognitive（認(rèn)知的）load,whentherewaslesstimetoconsidertheotheroptions,andwhenvolunteersdidn'tgetaspecificreminderthatsubtractingwasanoption.Inoneoftheexperiments,participantswereaskedtoimproveaLegostructuresothatitwasabletotakemoreweight.Halfthevolunteerswereremindedthattheycouldtakeawaybricksaswellasaddthem,andhalfweren't.Inthegroupthatgotthereminder,61percentsolvedtheproblembytakingawayabrick-whichwasamuchfasterandmoreefficientwayofmakingthestructurestable.Inthegroupthatdidn'tgetthereminder,only41percentwentfortheremovingbricksapproach.“Additiveideascometomindquicklyandeasily,butsubtractiveideasrequiremorecognitiveeffort,“sayspsychologistBenjaminConverse,fromtheUniversityofVirginia."Becausepeopleareoftenmovingfastandworkingwiththefirstideasthatcometomind,theyendupacceptingadditivesolutionswithoutconsideringsubtractionatall.,,Theresearchershaveafewideasaboutwhatmightbegoingon.Ourbrainsmightfindadditivechangeseasiertoprocessperhaps,orwemightbeassociatingaddingwithideasofsomethingthat'sbiggerandthereforebetterinoursubconscious.Theremightalsobeassociationsinourmindswiththecurrentstatusbeingsomethingthatneedstobemaintainedasmuchaspossible-andtakingsomethingawayisarguablymoredestructivetothecurrentstatusthanaddingsomethingnew.Theresearcherssaytheirworkisimportantinamuchbroadersense:forinstitutionslookingtostreamline（簡化），forexample,andevenforthehumanracelookingforwaystobettermanagetheplanefsresources.l.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subtraction“inparagraph1referto?A.Removal.B.Moderation.C.Refusal.D.Solution.2.Inwhichsituationdopeoplepreferadding?A.Whentheyareunderhighpressure.B.Whentheylackcognitiveability.C.Whentheyarespeciallyreminded.D.Whentheyarehurriedtodecide.Whatwereparticipantsrequiredtodointheexperiment?A.Re-shapeLegobricks.B.TakeLegobricksaway.C.MovetheLegostructure.D.StabilizetheLegostructure.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thewaystomakeadditivechanges.B.Theeffectsoftakingsomethingaway.C.Thereasonsforbrainspreferringaddition.D.Theimportanceofmaintainingcurrentstatus.4.TheproposalforanewIndonesiancapitalcityhasbeenonthecardseversincethecountrygainedindependencefromtheDutchin1945.Thepoliticalandeconomiccriseswhichfollowedhavelongdelayedtheplan,butcurrentpresident,JokoWidodo,nowappearsdeterminedtomakethemoveareality.ThegovernmentofficiallyconfirmedthatthecapitalwillbemovedfromJakartatoanewlocationwithinKalimantan,partoftheislandofBorneoinIndonesia.Anumberoffactorsarelikelytohaveinfluencedthedecisiontoforge冊艮苦做成）aheadwiththemove,butitseemslikelythatJakarta'senvironmentalproblemsarechiefamongthem.Builtonswampy（沼澤的）ground,Jakartaissinking,insomepartsatarateof20cmayear.ExpertspredictthatmostofnorthernJakartacouldsinkbeneaththeseaby2050.Whafsmore,Jakartaisrarelymentionedwithoutreferencetoitsextremelevelsoftrafficjamsandairpollution.Therecouldbeotherreasonstoo.JohnMcCarthy,anexpertonlanduseinKalimantanattheAustralianNationalUniversityCrawfordSchoolpointstoapotentialdesiretospreadwealththroughoutIndonesia."JakartaisthemosthighlydevelopedcoreofIndonesiawhichsucksallthemoneyandopportunitiesfromotherareasJhesays."Ithinkthere9slogicinsplittingtheeconomicandpoliticalcapital.”Butthelocationofthisnewpoliticalcenterisprovingcontroversial.SomeenvironmentalgroupsareconcernedthatthechosenlocationinEastKalimantanwillincreaselogginganddestructionofnearbyforests,hometoorangutansandotherendangeredspecies.Indonesia'splanningministerpreviouslytoldreportersthatthenewcapitalwillbeasustainable"forestcity“thatwon'tresultinthedestructionofprotectedforest,buthowexactlythiswouldworkhasnotyetbeenexplained.Despitethesechallenges,thegovernmentisnowputtingitsplaninmotion.Butevenifthisnewcapitalisbuilt,Jakartawillstillneedprotection.Hometotenmillionpeople,thecitysimplycan'tbeneglected.l.WhatistheIndonesiangovernment'snewplan?A.Buildingaforestcity.B.Electinganewpresident.C.Relocatingthecapitalcity.D.DevelopingresourcesofBorneo..Whatmaybethemainreasonforthegovernment'sdecision?A.Toreducelandpollution.B.Tomakefulluseofswampyground.C.Toseekbetterlivingenvironment.D.Tobalancetheeconomicgrowthbetweencities..Whatworriessomepeopleaboutthegovernment'schoice?A.Itmaycostalotofmoney.B.Itmaydestroythelocalecosystem.C.Itmaydisruptmanyresidents9normallife.D.Itmayleadthedeclineoftheoldcapitalcity..Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Movetonew.B.Citybuiltonswamp.A.Movetonew.B.Citybuiltonswamp.C.ProtecttheForestCity.D.Abandonthehome.C.ProtecttheForestCity.D.Abandonthehome.二、七選五.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant,butthenextimportantstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou'veread!①Youmayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimagesmayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtipsforrememberingwhatyouread.Areyouconfused?Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.②Ifyoudon'tunderstandwhatyou'rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Thereareafewthingsyoucando-useadictionary；lookupthedifficultwords；consultateacher...Areyouconnected?Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyouandmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.(3)Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He'dmakefacesinthemirrorandchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.④.Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you'lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou'rereadingandwhatyou'veread.⑤Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You'lllearntoenjoyliterature—asyourememberwhatyouread!What'syourmotivation?Practicemakesperfect.C?It'sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.Memoryissometimesatrickything.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!三、完形填空(20空)6.rilneverforgetthatday.Itstartedoutasjustanordinarydayatwork.Inever]thatwithinafewhoursIwouldbeingreat2.Iwas27andhadbeenariverguideforseveralyears,takingpeopledowntheZambeziRiver.Thesun

wassettingandwewerereachingtheendofthe3oneevening,whensomething4theboat.Thinkingitwastheother5,1turnedaroundtopushitaway,when6everythingwentdark.Iwasstuckinsidesomething.Imanagedto7onehandandfeltaround—myhandtouchedahippo's（）可馬）nose.ItwasonlythenthatI8Iwasunderwater,myupperbodyactuallyinthehippo'smouth!I9tomoveasmuchasIcould,andwhenheopenedhismouth,Imanagedto10away.Butsecondslater,he11again,pullingmeunderthewater.Irememberlookingupatthesurfaceofthewaterand12whichofuscouldholdhisbreaththelongest.Suddenlythehipporeleasedme.13amedicalteamwasnearbyandtheyhelpedmetoreachahospital.Meanwhile,thehippohadquietly14.Ibelieve,15,thatImethimonemoretime.TwoyearslaterIwastravelingdowntheZambeziagain.Being16obviouslyremindedmeofwhathadhappened.Thenjustasweweregoingpastthe17placeintheriver,ahugehipposuddenlyappeared.I18soloudlythatthosewithmesaidthey9dneverheardanythinglikeit.Hewentbackunderthewaterandwasnever19again.TmsureIhadagain.TmsureIhadA.admittedagain.TmsureIhadA.admitted20thesameA.angerA.roadB.expectedB.sorrowhippo,stilljustasangry.C.decidedA.knockedintoA.visitorB.gameB.jumpedoffB.fishermanC.dangerC.tourC.tookoverA.slowlyA.holdB.suddenlytieC.guideC.finallyC.shakeD.promisedagain.TmsureIhadA.admitted20thesameA.angerA.roadB.expectedB.sorrowhippo,stilljustasangry.C.decidedA.knockedintoA.visitorB.gameB.jumpedoffB.fishermanC.dangerC.tourC.tookoverA.slowlyA.holdB.suddenlytieC.guideC.finallyC.shakeD.promisedD.surpriseD.bridgeD.passedbyD.boatD.hardlyD.freeA.realizedA.regrettedA.driveB.pretendedB.refusedC.imaginedC.triedD.rememberedD.failedB.walkC.runD.swimA.fellA.fellB.struckA.wonderingA.InadditionA.diedA.thusA.thereA.sameA.coughedA.trackedB.askingOnpurposeB.sleptB.thoughB.awayB.wrongB.sangB.trainedC.changedC.suggestingBychanceC.arrivedA.fellB.struckA.wonderingA.InadditionA.diedA.thusA.thereA.sameA.coughedA.trackedB.askingOnpurposeB.sleptB.thoughB.awayB.wrongB.sangB.trainedC.changedC.suggestingBychanceC.arrivedC.insteadC.outC.strangeC.laughedC.seenD.missedD.predictingAsusualD.disappearedD.evenD.aroundD.quietD.shoutedA.examinedB.recognizedC.mentionedD.caughtD.noticed四、語法填空7.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入四、語法填空7.閱讀下面短文,Repeatingsomethingcanmakethatthingmusical-eventhesoundofashovel（鐵鏟）beingdraggedacrosstheroad.Music①(include)alotofrepetition.It'shardtoimaginewhatyourfavoritesongwouldbe②achorus(副歌)Buttheconnectionrunsevendeeperthanthat.Afewyearsback,psychologistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,③(discover)whenwordsorphrasesarerepeatedafewtimes,theycanstarttosound④(much)likesingingthanspeaking.Thesoundsastheyappeartoyouarenotonlydifferentfromthosethatarereallypresent,buttheysometimesbehaveso⑤(strange)astoseemquiteimpossible.Theeffectisperhapsnotentirely(6)(surprise).Talkingandsingingarebothformsofvocalcommunication.Butresearchersgottowondering:couldrepetitionalsomusicalizeother@(type)ofsounds?Sotheycollectedclipsof20different⑧(environment)sounds,includingwaterdripping,icecracking,whalescallingandsoon.⑨t(yī)heyfoundisthatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticip