DNVGL-RP-J201-2017 -原版完整標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

第1頁共60頁Theelectronicpdfversionofthisdocument,availablefreeofcharge from,istheofficiallybindingversion.第2頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlThisservicedocumenthasbeenpreparedbasedonavailableknowledge,technologyand/orinformationatthetimeofissuanceofthisdocument.TheuseofthisdocumentbyothersthanDNVGLisattheuser'ssolerisk.DNVGLdoesnotacceptanyliabilityorresponsibilityforlossordamagesresultingfromanyuseofthisdocument.第3頁共60頁第3頁共60頁ThisdocumentsupersedestheApril2010editionofDNV-RP-J201.ThepurposeoftherevisionofthisservicedocumentistocomplywiththenewDNVGLdocumentreferencecodesystemandprofilerequirementsfollowingthemergerbetweenDNVandGLin2013.ChangesmainlyconsistofupdatedcompanynameandreferencestootherdocumentswithintheDNVGLportfolio.SomereferencesinthisservicedocumentmayrefertodocumentsintheDNVGLportfolionotyetpublished(plannedpublishedwithin2017).InsuchcasespleaseseetherelevantlegacyDNVorGLdocument.Referencestoexternaldocuments(non-DNVGL)havenotbeenupdated.Qualificationproceduresf第4頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴QualificationproceduresfDNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴 4 8 8 8 10 15 DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.html 26 29 36 38 39RecommendedpracticeDNVGDNVGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.html 40 41 43 44 44 45 46 46 49 49 49 50 57 57 58 59第8頁共60頁第8頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlgreenhousegasemissionsfromthecombustionoffossilfuels,suchasnaturalgas,oilandcoal.Theworld'sdioxideCOemissionstotheatmospherepopulationissteadilygrowing,asareitsenergyneeds.Itisexpectedthatasignificantpartoftheworld'sfutureneedforelectricalenergyandheatwillcomefromburningdioxideCOemissionstotheatmosphereCurrentlythereareseveraldiferenttechnologiesunderdevelopmentandtestingforCOzcapture.Regardingthedevelopmentworkwithlarge-scaleCO2captureprocessesforCCSapplication,suchasforenergyproduction,consecutivescaleup,validationandverificationworkarenecessary.Thefullsizeplantsaresolargeandexpensivethatanowneractinginacommercialenvironmentcannottolerateatechnicalfailure.Technologyqualificationisasystematicsetofactivitiesthatcontributetomanagingtheriskassociatedwiththeimplementationofnewtechnology.Itwillthereforeplayanimportantroleinincreasingtheconfidenceinnewandscaled-upCO2capturetechnologies.Technologyqualificationisaconfirmationbyexaminationandprovisionofevidencethatthenewtechnologymeetsthespecifiedrequirementsfortheintendeduse.Thisrecommendedpractice(RP)providesqualificationproceduresforhowtoprovethatthenewCOzcapturetechnologyisfitforpurpose.ThescopeofthisRPistoprovideasupplementtoDNVGL'sgenericqualificationproceduresfornewtechnology,DNVGL-RP-A203/1/,bygivingguidanceforhowtoutilisetheseproceduresforfossilfuelpowergenerationtechnologieswithCOzcapture.-Postcombustion;theCO2isremovedfromthepowerplantfluegasafterthecombustionprocess.-Precombustion;theCO2iscapturedbeforecombustingthehydrogen-richfuel.-Oxy-fuelcombustion;thefueliscombustedusingalmostpureoxygenatnearstoichiometricconditionsproducingafluegasconsistingmainlyofCOzandH2O.Qualificationproceduresfor第9頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlHCOcpuresbrageo1:PotcmbustionCO.TheprocedurecoversthefirststepintheCOzcapture,transport,andstorage(CCS)valuechainasshownbythedashedlineinFigure1-2.Thedashedlineshowsthescopeofthepresentdocument.ThetransportandstorageelementsarecoveredbyDNVGL-RP-J202/3/andDNVGL-RP-j203,respectively.ThecompressionfacilitiesneededtobringthecapturedCO2totherequiredtransportationpressureareconsideredpartofthescope.Qualificationproceduresf第10頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78html-themanufacturer,whooffersthenewCOzcapturetechnologytothemarket-thecompany,whichintegratesthenewtechnologyintoalargersystem-theend-users,whoshalloptimisethebenefitsoftheirinvestmentthroughselectionbetweencompetingtechnologies.timeinthedevelopment.However,ifasignificantmodification(physicaloroperational)isplannedduringoperation,areviewshouldbemadewithregardstorevisitingthequalificationprocess.Examplesofprojectdevelopmentphasesare:strategy,feasibilityandconceptselection,design,construction,installationandcommissioning,operationandlifeextension,roduced.-Themainbody:thedescriptionofthequalificationworkprocess(Sec.5toSec.11).-Appendices(App.AtoApp.E)thatcontainadditionalandsupplementalinformationaswellasexamplesandtemplates.Togetafirstoverviewofthequalificationworkprocess,onecouldreadthroughtheintroductorychapters(Sec.3andSec.4),andthefirstpart(thesectionscalledintroductionandmethodology)ofeachstepinthequalificationprocedure(Sec.5toSec.11).Theremainingbodyofeachchapterafterthemethodologysection,andtheappendices,givesmoredetaileddescriptionandinformation.GenericqualificationproceduresfornewtechnologyarecoveredbyDNVGL-RP-A203/1/,whereasDNVGL-SE-0160Technologyqualificationmanagementandverification/2/coverstechnologyqualificationmanagement.Whiletheseprocedurescoveragenericapproach,thepresentdocumentprovidesamorespecificqualificationprocedureonhowtoutilizeDNVGL-RP-A203forqualificationofCO2capturetechnologies.ThepresentdocumentcoversthecapturepartoftheCCSvaluechain.ThetransportpartandthestoragepartarecoveredbyDNVGL-RP-J202DesignandoperationofCOzpipelines/3/andDNVGL-RP-J203GeologicalstorageofcarbondioxideasshowninFigure1-2isperdatenotpublished.第11頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.html/6/Bailey,D.W.andFeron,P.H.M.2005.Post-combustionDecarbonisationProcesses,Oil&GasScienceandTechnology-Rev.IFP,Vol.60,No.3,pp.461-474/7/Eide,L.I.andBailey,D.W.2005.PrecombustionDecarbonisationProcesses.Oil&GasScienceandTechnology-Rev.IFP,Vol.60,No.3,pp.475-484/8/Anheden,M.,Yan,J.,andDeSmedt,G.2005.Denitrogenation(orOxyfuelConcepts).Oil&GasScienceandTechnology-Rev.IFP.Vol.60,No.3,pp.485-495/9/Feron,P.H.M.2005.Progressinpost-combustionCOzcapture.EuropeanCO2CaptureandStorageConferenceTowardsZeroEmissionPowerPlants.13-15April,Brussels,Belgium/10/Bisio,A.andKabel,R.1985.Scaleupofchemicalprocesses:Conversionfromlaboratoryscaleteststosuccessfulcommercialsizedesign,Wiley&Sons/11/Sinnot,R.K.1999.Chemicalengineeringdesign.Coulson&Richardson's/12/Peters,S.P.andTimmerhausK.D.1991.PlantDesignandEconomicsforChemicalEngineers(4thEd.),McGraw-Hill,NewYork/13/Brandt,H.,Isaksen,S.andFriedemannS.H.2009.DeepwaterDevelopments:SuccessfulApplicationofNewTechnology.SPE125048/14/Hoyland,A.andRausand,M.1994.SystemReliabilityTheory,ModelsandStatisticalMethods./15/InternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).2004.ProspectsforCO2captureandstorage,OECD/IEA/16/Mattisson,T.andLyngfelt,A.CaptureofCOzusingchemical-loopingcombustion.InScandinavian-NordicSectionofCombustionInstitute.2001.Goteborgtechnology--TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy'sCarbonSequestrationProgram,InternationalJournalofGreenhouseGasControl,Volume2,Issue1,January2008,Pages9-20/18/Norgesvassdrags-ogenergidirektorat,2006,CO2-handteringpakarsto(inNorwegianonly),Svendsen,P.T.(Red.),Rapportnr13/19/Kapur,K.C.andLamberson,L.R.1977.ReliabilityinEngineeringDesign,JohnWiley&SonsInc.,/21/Klineetal.1974.Guidelinesforprocessscaleup,Chem.Eng.Prog.,70(10),67-70/22/Kohl,A.andNielsen,R.1997.GasPurification,GulfprofessionalPublishing/23/Choi,GeraldN.etal.2005.CO2removalfrompowerplantfluegas-costefficientdesignandintegrationstudy,NexantInc.,SanFrancisco,CA,USA.第12頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmltestedoranalyzedmaximumpeQualificationproceduresf第13頁共60頁DNWGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlreliabilityavailabilitQualificationproceduresf第14頁共60頁DNWGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlQualificationproceduresforDNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.html第15頁共60頁SectorswhereCO2captureisrelevantarefossilfuelelectricitygeneration,industrysuchasiron,steelandcementproduction,andfossilfuelproductionandtransformation.ThemaintechnologicalconceptsforCO2capturecontainamajorityofprocessesandcomponentsthatarepredominantlycommerciallyavailabletoday.Theseprocessesandcomponents,however,arenotoperatedatconditionsorscaleplannedforCCSapplications.Thecarboncapturetechnologiesthatareavailabletodayrequirelargeeffortstointegrate,optimise,andtoscaleuptheprocesscomponentstoanindustriallymatureprocess.Therearealsosomenovelcarboncaptureconceptsthatusenewcomponentsthatarenotknowninindustrytoday.Thesenoveltechnologieswillneedalongerdevelopmentandqualificationprogrambeforecommercialdeployment.Themainchallengeswithinthedevelopmentandimplementationoflarge-scaleCO2capturetechnologiesaretoensurethattheyarecost-efficientandreliable,safe,andenvironmentallyfriendly.Itwillbeofmajorinterestfortechnologyvendors,operators,aswellasgovernments,thatthesetechnologiescanbeimplementedwithtechnologicalrisksadequatelyunderstoodandmanagedtoanacceptablelevelsoastogiveconfidence,andthattheywillworkasintendedoverthelifetimeoftheproject.actinginacommercialenTechnologyqualificationisasystematicsetofactivitiesthatcontributetomanagingtheriskassociatedwiththeimplementationofnewtechnology.Technologyqualificationwillthereforeplayanimportantroleinincreasingtheconfidenceinnewandscaled-upCOzcapturetechnologies.potentialrisksthrougForfossilfuelpowerproduction,therearethreemainconceptstoreducingtheCO2contentinthecombustiongases.Thesearepost-combustion,pre-combustion,andoxy-fuelcombustion.AschematicillustrationisshowninFigure1-1.Inpost-combustioncapture,theCO2isremovedfromthepowerplantfluegas.Thestate-of-the-arttechniqueforseparatingCO2fromfluegasesisviachemicalsolventscrubbing(usuallywithanamine).TheCO2reactswiththeamineintheabsorberandislaterseparatedfromtheaminesolutioninthestripper,thendried,compressed,andtransportedtothestoragesite.Forfluegaseswithalowpartialpressure,alargeamountofenergyisneededtoregeneratethesolvent.Improvedsolventsandoptimizedprocessesarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.AlternativemethodsforseparatingCO2fromfluegasesarealsoevolving.Amoredetailedoverviewofpostcombustiondecarbonisationprocessescanbefoundin/4/,/5/and/6/.Pre-combustioncaptureisatechniquewheretheCOziscapturedbeforeburningthefuelinacombustor.Itiscommerciallyavailableforseveralapplications,includinghydrogen,ammonia,andsyntheticgasproduction.Thetechniqueconsistsofanaturalgasreformingorcoalgasificationstepfollowedbywatergasshiftreformingofthegas,withsubsequentstepsforseparationofCOzandHztoproduceaHz-richgas.ThemainchallengewithinthisconcepttomakeiteconomicallyfeasibleistodevelopgasturbinesthatreliablycanburnfuelwithahighHzcontent/4/.Becauseoftheworld-wideinterestinthehydrogeneconomy,alotofR&Deffortsarecurrentlyputintothisfield.Adescriptionofpre-combustiondecarbonisationtechnologycanbefoundin/4/,/5/and/7/.InOxy-fuelcarboncapture(alsocalleddenitrogenation),thefueliscombustedusingalmostpureoxygenatnearstoichiometricconditions.ThiscreatesafluegasconsistingofmainlyCOzandHzO(andsmallamountsofSOxandNOx).AportionoftheCOzinthefluegasisrecycledinordertocontrolthecombustiontemperature.Oxy-fuelcombustionhasbeenusedwithinthemetalandglassmanufacturingindustriesfor第16頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.html-membranes-cryogenicseparation.Inadditiontothesefourmainseparationprocesses,thereareseveralnovelCO2capturetechnologiesthatcannoteasilybegroupedunderthesecategories,suchasbiotechnological.Thesearedenotedasemergingtechnologies.AbriefdescriptionofthevariousCO2capturetechnologycategoriesisgiveninApp.Awithfurtherdetailsin/4/,/5/,/6/,/7/and/8/.ThemainprincipleforseparationineachofthesefourdifferentprocessesisvisualizedinFigure2-1.Spentsorbenta)Separationwithsorbents/solventsTheapplicationofeachcapturetechniquedependsmainlyonthegasmixturethatcontainscarbondioxide.Itscomposition,temperature,pressure,COzconcentrationandremovalquantityofCOzaresomeofthecriteriatodecidetheappropriatecapturetechnology.Chemicalabsorptionwhencarbondioxidepartialpressureislow(post-combustioncapture),iscurrentlyconsideredstate-of-the-artforseparation.第17頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlTheapplicabilityofthedifferentseparationtechnologiestothedifferentconceptscanbevisualizedinaCO2capturetoolboxasshowninTable2-1/4/,/5/and/9/.Inthistable,currentandforeseentechnologyapproachesarelistedforthevariouscaptureconcepts.Thecurrentleadingcommercialoptionsareshowninbolditalic.AmoredetaileddescriptionofthecapturetechnologiesisgiveninApp.A.N.A.(biotechnological第18頁共60頁DNVGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlCooledCOzrecyclerequiredtomaintaintemperatureswithinlimitsofcombustormaterialsLowplantavailability:highconsequenceofplantdowntimeNewthermodynamicprope第19頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78039097192033.htmlImplementationofnewtechnologyintroducesuncertaintiesandriskstotechnologydevelopers,operators,andend-users.Theproceduredescribedinthisdocumentisamethodtoidentifyandanalyserisksrelatedtodevelopment,productionanduseofthenewtechnology.Typically,conceptswithwellknownandproventechnologyareoftenpreferredtosolutionswithelementsofnon-proventechnology,despitethefactthatthelattermaybethemostcost-effective.Businessopportunitiesandgrowthareoftenrevealedthroughnewtechnology.Qualifyingnewtechnologyandhencemanagingtheriskbyitsimplementation,increasesthelevelofconfidenceandthepotentialprofit.-Thequalificationprocessshallbebasedonasystematicriskbasedapproach.-Possiblethreats(orfailuremodes)tothetechnologyshallbeidentified,andtheirrelevanceshallbedeterminedbasedontheirrisk,i.e.thecombinedprobabilityandconsequencesofafailuremodeoccurring.Riskinthiscontextisrelatedtothefunctionalityofthenewtechnology.Screeningthetechnologybasedontheidentifiednovelelementstofocustheefforttoareaswheretheuncertaintyismostsignificant.Theuncertaintycanbeassociatedwiththetechnologyitselfand/ortheoperatingconditions/environment.Thelevelofthequalificationeffortswillbeproportionaltotheuncertaintyassociatedwiththetechnology,i.e.greateruncertaintyrequiresahigherperformancemarginandmorerobustqualificationmethods.-Analysesshall,whenpractical,beusedtodocumentfulfilmentofthespecificationsandpredicttheperformancemargin.Asageneralprinciple,theanalysesshouldbeverifiedbyexperiments.-TheQA/QCsystemformanufacturing,assembly,installation,start-up,commissioning,modification,repairanddecommissioningofthetechnologyisanintegralpartofthequalificationprocess.-Specificationsandrequirementsshallbeclearlydefined,quantifiedanddocumented.-Arigorousfailuremodeidentificationshallbeconductedforthetechnology.Riskassessmenttoolsshallbeusedtodeterminetheconsequenceandlikelihoodoffailureforatechnologyapplication.Failuremodesthatarenotidentifiedposeasignificantrisktothesuccessfulimplementationofthetechnology.-Theperformancemarginshallbeestablishedbasedonrecognizedmethods,standards,oroncombinationsofalluncertaintiesusedinthedata,operation,calculationsandtests.-Thequalificationefforts(analysis,testing,previousexperience,etc.)foreachtechnologyfailuremodeshallbedocumentedandtraceable,alongwiththeestablishedperformancemargin.-Whenexperienceisusedasproofoffulfilmentofthespecifications,thenevidenceshallbecollatedandvalidated.Theexperienceshallbeattherelevantoperatingcondition/environment.-Thelimitingmaterialandfunctionalparameters,suchasyieldstrength,frictionfactors,andthermalexpansioncoefficient,tobeusedinanalysesshouldbedeterminedthroughtests,givenbyreferencetorecognizedliteratureorexpertjudgement.第20頁共60頁DNVGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78htmlThestepsinthetechnologyqualificationprocessareillustratedinFigure4-1below.Theamountofrigororeffortappliedtostepshouldbeproportionaltotheuncertaintyofthetechnologyandtheconsequenceoffailure(technologyclassification,see[6.5]).Theoutputfromonestepisinputtothenext.Theprocessisiterativeinnatureinthewaythatconceptimprovementsmightbeneededinorderforthetechnologytobequalified.第21頁共60頁DNGL-RP-J201-2017-道客巴巴/p-78htmlexpectationsofthetechnology.Thequalificationbasisdocumentdefineshowthetechnologywillbeusedandwhattheacceptancecriteriawillbeintermsofafullyqualifiedproduct.Italsospe