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Module5Unit13People

重點(diǎn)單詞1.gain

vt.獲得;增加;(鐘、表)走快,(經(jīng)努力)到達(dá),達(dá)到搭配:gainsth.

【精講拓展】

vi.(1)獲利,賺錢;得益[(+by/from)]

Weallgainedfromtheexperience.我們都從這次經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲益。(2)取得進(jìn)展;得到改善;增進(jìn)健康

Thesingerisgaininginpopularity.這歌手越來(lái)越受到人們的歡迎。(3)(鐘、表等)走快

【典型例句】

Wegainedexperiencebyworkingduringthesummer.我們從暑期的工作中獲得了經(jīng)驗(yàn).[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Studentsgainknowledgebyreading.學(xué)生們通過(guò)閱讀增加知識(shí)。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Wegainedourdestinationbeforedark.我們天黑之前到達(dá)了目的地。

Mywatchgainsfiveminutesaday.我的表一天快五分鐘。即學(xué)即用完成句子

①Hequickly

gained

experience.他很快就有經(jīng)驗(yàn)了。②Onlyaftertenyearsinthecountrydidshegainhercitizenship.她在這個(gè)國(guó)家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。③Hegainedweightafterhisillness.病后他的體重增加了。④Thisclockgainsfiveminutesaday.這只鐘每天快5分鐘。⑤Doesyourwatchgain

or

lose

?你的表走得快,還是走得慢?⑥Intheendwegainedthetopofthemountain.我們終于到達(dá)了山頂。2.concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)集中于某處;使集中于一點(diǎn)【精講拓展】

concentrateon/uponconcentrateone’sattentiononconcentrationn.

【典型例句】

Wemustconcentrateourattentiononefficiency.我們必須把注意力集中在效率上。

ForcenturiesthepopulationofEuropehasbeenconcentratedinlargecities.幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),歐洲的人口一直集中在大城市里。

[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

It’shardtoconcentrateonwritingaletterwiththeTVon.開(kāi)著電視機(jī)很難集中精力寫信。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Concentrationisessentialifyouwanttodoagoodjob.如果你想把事情做好,專心是必要的。

即學(xué)即用

完成句子⑦Concentrate

on

yourstudy.集中精神學(xué)習(xí)。⑧Adrivershould

concentrate

on

theroadwhendriving.開(kāi)車時(shí)駕駛員的注意力要集中在路上。⑨Industrialdevelopmentisbeingconcentratedinthewestofthecountry.這個(gè)國(guó)家的西部正集中發(fā)展工業(yè)。3.connectvt.&vi.連接;結(jié)合;連結(jié),接通電話,(與with連用)有聯(lián)系,有關(guān)搭配:connectwith/to;connectionn.beconnectedto/with/by【典型例句】

ThisrailwayconnectsLondonandEdinburgh.這條鐵路連接倫敦與愛(ài)丁堡。

Theoperatorconnectedmewiththeorderdepartment.接線員為我接通訂購(gòu)部的電話。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Thiswireconnectswiththatone.這根電線與那根連接。

Thereisaconnectionbetweengoodhealthandeatingwell.健康與合理膳食有關(guān)系。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]【詞語(yǔ)辨析】

(1)beconnectedto:把……連上PleaseconnectthecomputertotheInternet.

(2)beconnectedwith:把……與……連接起來(lái)

Itservesasabridgewhichconnectsthemainlandwiththerestoftheworld.它是連接祖國(guó)大陸與世界其他地方的橋梁。

(3)beconnectedby:被……連接在一起

Thewholeworldisconnectedbycomputersanditisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.整個(gè)世界被電腦連在了一起,世界變得越來(lái)越小了。完成句子⑩Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?你把這根電線和電視機(jī)連上好嗎??Thisflightconnects

withNewYorkone.這班飛機(jī)在紐約可接上另一班機(jī)。?Connect

mewithBeijingUniversity.給我接北京大學(xué)。?Thatsolitaryoldmanwassuspectedtobe

connected

withthecrime.那個(gè)孤獨(dú)的老頭被懷疑與犯罪事件有關(guān)。單項(xiàng)填空?He________theZhangsbymarriage.

A.connectswithB.isconnectedto

C.isconnectedwithD.connectsto解析:beconnectedwith和……有關(guān)系。答案:C4.deservevt.應(yīng)得,值得【精講拓展】

deservetodosth.deservesth.deservetobedone=derservedoing...

deserveill/wellof

有罪于/有功于【典型例句】

Theydeservedtobepraised.他們應(yīng)該受到表?yè)P(yáng)。

Therescuersdeservedarewardfortheircourageousact.救援者應(yīng)為他們的英勇行為得到獎(jiǎng)賞。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Ithinkyou’replayingwithfire.Youdeserveit!你是老鼠戲貓,真是自作自受!Thatgood-heartedgirlmarriedher‘prince’finally.Shedeservedit.那個(gè)好心女孩終于嫁給了她的心上人。她是有好報(bào)。Hehasdeservedwellofhiscountry.他有功于國(guó)家。即學(xué)即用完成句子?Theydeserved

to

be

punished.Theydeserved

beingpunished/punishment.他們應(yīng)該受罰。?Hedeservesthisglory.他應(yīng)該得到這一榮譽(yù)。

5.failv.;failuren.失失敗【精講拓展】】failsth.failtodosth.failinsth.sth.failsb.【典型例句】

Theirfirstattemptatclimbingthemountainfailed.他們的初次登山嘗試以失敗告終。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Wewillneverfailtoliveuptowhatourparentsexpectofus.我們決不辜負(fù)我們的父母對(duì)我們的期望。

Shefailedintheexamination.她這次考試不及格。

Heissoexcitedthatwordsfailedhim.他如此激動(dòng)以致說(shuō)不上話來(lái)。

Earlyairplaneexperimentsendedinfailure.早期的飛機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)以失敗告終。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用完成句子?Hefailedineverythinghetried.他他做一切事情情都失敗了。?Hedidverywell,butfailedtobreaktherecord.他做得很出色色,但未破記記錄。?Georgefailedhistorylastsemester.喬治上學(xué)學(xué)期歷史考試不及格格。?Hiscouragefailedhim.他失失去了勇氣。。Hisfriendsfailedhimwhenheneededtheirhelpmost.當(dāng)當(dāng)他最需要幫幫助的時(shí)候,,他的朋友們們卻辜負(fù)了他他。21單項(xiàng)填空Words________mewhenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohimforhavingsavedmysonfromtheburninghouse.A.failedB.leftC.discouragedD.disappointed解析:表示使使失望望;有有負(fù)于于,想想不起起來(lái)。答案:A226.mistaken.&v.;mistakenadj.【精講講拓展展】makeamistakebymistakemistake...for...【典型型例句句】I’mnotblamingyou—weallmakemistakes.我不不是在責(zé)責(zé)備你你———我們們都

Itookyourpenbymistake.我錯(cuò)拿了你的鋼筆。

ImistookAnnaforhissister.我誤把安娜當(dāng)作是他妹妹。【詞語(yǔ)辨析】

mistake/error/fault/wrongmistake指偶然然做錯(cuò)錯(cuò)了事事,如如拼寫寫錯(cuò)誤誤,錯(cuò)錯(cuò)拿了了東西西等,,強(qiáng)調(diào)日日常生生活中中的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤。。Itwasamistakebuyingthathouse.買那那套房房子是是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤誤。error指違反反某一一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)做的的錯(cuò)事事,包包括道道德上上的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤。Hecan’’tforgettheerrorsofhisyouth.他忘忘不了了他年輕輕時(shí)犯犯的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤。。fault常常指指人在在性格格上或或辦事事方式式上的的“缺缺點(diǎn)””“毛毛病”,,強(qiáng)調(diào)調(diào)過(guò)失失的責(zé)責(zé)任,,不能能與make連用搭配:挑毛病病用findone’’sfault。It’’smyfaultthatwearelate.我們們遲到到是我我的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)。wrong指“壞壞事,,冤枉枉”。。即學(xué)即即用“Idon’’tthinkit’smy________thattheTVblewup.Ijustturnediton,,that’sall,””saidtheboy.A.ErrorB.mistakeC.faultD.duty解析:it’’smyfault固定定搭配配,意意為那那是我我的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)。答案:CHeissuchamanwhoisalways________faultwithotherpeople.A.puttingB.SeekingC.FindingD.lookingfor解析:固定搭搭配findfaultwithsb.意意思是是挑某某人的的毛病病。答案:C23247.a(chǎn)ccusevt.指控控,控控告搭配:accusesb.of...多用于于正式式的場(chǎng)場(chǎng)合,,用于于描述述“指指控””某種犯犯罪行行為。?!揪v講拓展展】chargesb.with...適用用范范圍圍十十分分廣廣泛泛,,用用于于““指指控控””責(zé)”“責(zé)備”都可以,而且常用于表達(dá)道德方面的錯(cuò)誤。【典型例句】

Thesurgeonwasaccusedofnegligence.這名外科醫(yī)生被控玩忽職守。[劍橋高階]

Thepoliceaccusedhimofmurder.警方指控他謀殺。

Theyaccusedhimoftakingbribes.他們控告他受賄。即學(xué)學(xué)即即用用完成成句句子子Sheaccusedhimofstealingherwatch.她她控控告告他他偷偷她她的表表。。Heaccusedhisbossofhavingbrokenhisword.他指指責(zé)老板不不守信。。Hewasaccusedofmurder.有人指指控他謀謀殺。Hewaschargedwithstealing.他被被控犯有有偷竊行行為。25262728單項(xiàng)填空空They_____thatthepolicehadbeatenthreestudentstodeath.A.a(chǎn)ccuseB.chargesC.AccusedD.charged解析:句意::他們指指控警察察將三名名學(xué)生打打死。答案:CHe______themofhavingbrokentheirwords.A.a(chǎn)ccusedB.a(chǎn)ccusedofC.chargeD.charged解析:句意:他他責(zé)備他他們食言言的行為為。其中中,本題題顯然不不能用accuse作“指指控”翻翻譯。而而對(duì)題來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō),硬硬要用charged這個(gè)選項(xiàng)也不不能說(shuō)就就是錯(cuò),,但是accused要合適適得多,,這就跟跟使用習(xí)慣有關(guān)關(guān)了,對(duì)對(duì)于這種種題只能能積累經(jīng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)吧。。答案:A29308.requirevt.&vi.要求,,需要,,命令;;requirementn.【精講拓拓展】requiredoing...requiresb.todosth.requiresth.ofsb.requirethatsb.shoulddo...Itisrequiredthatsb.shoulddo...【典型例例句】Thefloorrequireswashing.地板該該洗了。。Bringingupchildrenoftenrequiresyoutoputtheirneedsfirst.撫養(yǎng)孩子子常得把把他們的的需要放放在首位位。[劍橋高高階]Allpassengersarerequiredtoshowtheirtickets.所有乘客客都必須須出示車車票。Theemergencyrequiresthatitshouldbedone.情況緊急,非非這樣做做不可。。Therulesrequirethatyoubringonlyoneguesttothedinner.按照規(guī)定,你你只能帶一位位客人出席晚晚宴。[劍橋高階]Thepolicerequiredtheaddressofthethief.警察要求小偷提供地地址?!驹~語(yǔ)辨析】】request/require/command/orderrequest要求,請(qǐng)請(qǐng)求,語(yǔ)氣比比其他詞委婉婉;request可用用作makearequest,所所以request(sb.todosth.)是“請(qǐng)求求(某人做某事)”,是是下對(duì)上的要要求;而require表示order,,demand,是“命令,,要求”之意意,指上對(duì)下下的要求,比比如法律條款款對(duì)當(dāng)事人的的要求,業(yè)主主對(duì)雇員的要要求。這樣記記憶吧,request是你看到同學(xué)學(xué)說(shuō)的,require是老師對(duì)你說(shuō)說(shuō)的。order和command在用法上很相相似,command和order都有“命令””之意,都可可以接名詞、、從句作賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ),接不定式式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ),接從句句時(shí)從句要用用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。。command指權(quán)威方面正正式下令,主主要用于軍事事場(chǎng)合。Thegeneralcommandedhismentoattackthecity.將軍命令士士兵攻城。order執(zhí)行任務(wù)或掌掌權(quán)者發(fā)布命命令時(shí)使用,,為常用詞,,可用于正式式或非正式場(chǎng)場(chǎng)合。ThepoliceofficerorderedthatIshouldgetoutofthecar.警察命令我我從汽車?yán)锍龀鰜?lái)。即學(xué)即用單項(xiàng)填空Thenewlyfoundedchessclubformally_______ustoattendtheopeningceremony.A.requestedB.requiredC.demandedD.Commanded點(diǎn)撥:區(qū)分動(dòng)詞詞義義,按照句意意排除。解析:考查requestsb.todosth.B、C、D語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)強(qiáng)硬,按照句句意A符合。。答案:A完成句子Theroofrequiresrepairing屋頂需要修理理了。Werequiredhertoattendtheopening313233ceremony.我們們要求她參加加開(kāi)幕式。Thedirectorrequiredthatweshouldworkallnight.主任要求我我們通宵工作作。單項(xiàng)填空________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiredC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires求……答案:C

34359.devotevt.專心于,,獻(xiàn)身于………;devotionn.【精講拓展】】devoteoneself/one’swholelifeto...bedevotedto...【典型例句】】Heleftgovernmenttodevotemoretimetohisfamily.為了能有更多多時(shí)間陪伴家家人,他離開(kāi)開(kāi)了政府部門門。[劍橋高階]Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.他為全人類的的利益獻(xiàn)出了了自己的一生生。Thismagazineisdevotedtoscience.這個(gè)雜志專專門刊載科技文章。即學(xué)即用完成句子Hedevotedhimselftothestudyofcontemporaryart.他把他的一生生都獻(xiàn)給了當(dāng)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)研究究。Hehasdevotedhiswholelifeentirelytomusic.他將一生奉獻(xiàn)獻(xiàn)給了音樂(lè)。。Sheisagoodwifeandadevotedmother.她是一位賢妻妻良母。單項(xiàng)填空______tohisresearchwork,theprofessorcaredlittleaboutanyotherthings.A.DevotingB.DevotedC.HavingdevotedD.Todevote36383739解析:bedevotedto專心于于,本句是形形容詞作狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)。答案:B重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)1.comeupwith(針對(duì)問(wèn)題等等)想出;提提供【精講拓展】】comeup提出(不用被被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))putupwith忍受catchupwith趕上keepupwith跟上,不落后后【典型例句】】She’scomeupwithsomeamazingschemetodoubleherincome.她想出一個(gè)驚驚人的計(jì)劃來(lái)來(lái)使自己的收收入翻倍。[劍橋高階]Hecameupwithgoodideasfortheproductpromotion.他想出一個(gè)推推廣產(chǎn)品的好好方法。Hecouldnotcomeupwithaproperanswer.他想不出一一個(gè)合適的回答答。即學(xué)即用完成句子Ican’’tkeepupwithallthechangesinthecomputertechnology.計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的的各種改進(jìn),,有些我已經(jīng)經(jīng)跟不上來(lái)了了。Idon’’tknowhowsheputupwithhiscrueltytoher.我不明白她她怎么能忍忍受他的虐虐待。butothercountriesare

catching

up

withus.在那時(shí)我們的技術(shù)較先進(jìn),但其他國(guó)家正要趕上。Anumberofquestionscame

up

atthemeeting.會(huì)議上提出了許多問(wèn)題。404142432.endup結(jié)結(jié)果果為為…………;;以以…………而而結(jié)結(jié)束束搭配配:endupwith...endupdoing...endupas...endup++prep.【精精講講拓拓展展】】putanendetoanendbring..

【典型例句】

Ifyoudothat,you’llendupwitheggonyourface.你要是做那件事,必將以恥辱告終。

Youcouldenduprunningthiscompanyifyouplayyourcardsright.你要是處理得當(dāng),到頭來(lái)這個(gè)公司能歸你掌管。Afterworkingherwayaroundtheworld,,sheendedupteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage.靠打工工游遍遍世界界后,,她最最后做做了教教師,,教外外國(guó)人人學(xué)英英語(yǔ)。。[劍橋橋高階階]Ifyoucontinuetostealyou’’llendupinprison.你要是是繼續(xù)續(xù)行竊竊終歸歸得進(jìn)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄獄。Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,,he’llendupdead.他照照這樣樣開(kāi)車車,早早晚得得死于于非命命。3.belikelytodosth.極極有可可能做做某事事【典型型例句句】DoremindmebecauseI’mlikelytoforget.一定要要提醒我,,因?yàn)槲椅铱赡軙?huì)會(huì)忘記。。[劍橋高高階]Itislikelythathewillsucceed.很可可能他他會(huì)成成功。。Itislikelytoraintoday.今天天可能能會(huì)下下雨。。Theparkisalikelyplaceforthepicnic.這公公園倒是個(gè)個(gè)適合合野餐餐的地地方。?!驹~語(yǔ)語(yǔ)辨析析】likely/possible/probablepossible作“或或許””解,,有““也許許如此此,也也許不不如此此”之之意。強(qiáng)強(qiáng)調(diào)客客觀上上有可可能性性,但但常常常帶有有“實(shí)實(shí)際可可能性性很小”的的暗示示。probable用來(lái)指指有根根據(jù),,合情情理,,值得得相信信的事事物,,帶有有“大概概,很很可能能”的的意味味。語(yǔ)語(yǔ)氣比比possible要重,,是mostlikely之意。。It’’spossible,thoughnotprobablethathewillaccepttheterms.他有可可能接接受這這些條條件,,但希希望不不大。。bepossible,beprobable常用形形式主主語(yǔ)it,,構(gòu)成成句型型為::ispossible+forsb.todosth.sb.islikelytodosth.例如:他有可能做這件事。

[√]Itispossibleforhimtodothis.[√]Itispossiblethathewilldothis.[×]Heispossibletodothis.[√]Heislikelytodothis.4.giveup放棄【精講拓展展】giveaway贈(zèng)送,泄露露giveback

givein

屈服,讓步

giveoff放出(光,熱,氣味等)

giveout

分發(fā),發(fā)布,放出(光,熱等),用完【典型例句】

Theyfinallygaveupandstoppedlookingforthering.他們最終放棄了,不再尋找那枚戒指。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]們將努力說(shuō)服他或戒煙。

Theyoungmangaveuphisseattoanoldman.年青人把他的座位讓給一個(gè)老年人。即學(xué)即用

—Sorry,Ihaveto_____now.It’stimeforclass.—OK,I’llcallbacklater.(2009·天津,6)A.hangupB.breakupC.giveupD.holdup

解析:意為:我得掛電話了,hangup符合題意。答案:A44Duringthewartherewasaseriouslackoffood.Itwasnotunusualthateventhewealthyfamilieshadto____breadfordays.(2009·湖北,,22)A.eatupB.giveawayC.dowithoutD.dealwith解析:意為:戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)期間糧食食嚴(yán)重匱乏乏,甚至富富人家庭幾幾天不吃面包是是很正常的的,dowithoutsb./sth.不用或或沒(méi)有某人,某物物也行。答案:CThenewsofthemayor’scomingtoourschoolforavisitwas______ontheradioyesterday.(2007·福建,,33)A.turnedoutB.foundoutC.givenoutD.carriedout解析:句意:市長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)要來(lái)我校校參觀的消消息已于昨昨日通過(guò)廣廣播公布了。giveout““分發(fā),散散發(fā)”“公公布消息””,符合題題意。答案:C45465.fallbehind落后,落落在后面【精講拓展展】falldown跌倒falloff從……摔下fallasleep睡著,入入睡fallback撤退fallill患病fallinlovewithsb.愛(ài)上某人人【典型例例句】Wefellbehindthegroupweweretravelingwith.我們落后后于同行行的團(tuán)隊(duì)隊(duì)了。[美國(guó)傳傳統(tǒng)]Shesoonfellbehindtheothers.她很很快就落落到了別別人的后面面。Don’’tfallbehindwithyourrent.不不要拖欠欠房租。。即學(xué)即用用完成句子子Thetoddlertriedtowalkbutkeptfallingdown那小孩學(xué)學(xué)著走路路但老是是跌跤。。Hefelloffthebikeandbrokehisrightleg.他從自行行車上摔摔下來(lái),,摔斷了了右腿。。Themajorworldpowersareafraidoffallingbehindinthearmrace.世界各大大強(qiáng)國(guó)均均惟恐在在軍備競(jìng)競(jìng)賽中落落后。Theenemyfellbackasourtroopsadvanced.我軍軍前進(jìn),敵敵軍后退退。Heworkedsolatethathefellasleepsoon.他工工作到很晚晚,馬上上就睡著著了。47484950516.can’’thelpdoingsth.禁不住住要做某事【精講拓展】】can’thelpbutdo只能做……,,沒(méi)有別的選選擇can’thelptodosth.不能幫助做某某事can’thelpit沒(méi)有辦法,實(shí)實(shí)在控制不住住【典型例句】】Icannothelpitifthetrainislate.火車晚點(diǎn)的的話,我也沒(méi)辦辦法。[美國(guó)國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]Ican’’thelpacceptinghisinvitation.我禁不住接接受了他的邀請(qǐng)請(qǐng)。Icannothelpbutadmiretheireffortstoassistthoseinneed.我不由得欽佩佩他們?yōu)槟切┬┬枰獛椭牡娜藗兯龅牡呐?。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用—Ican’thelp______sorrythatIcan’thelp______anythingforyou.—Don’tmentionit.A.feel;doB.tofeel;doingC.feeling;doD.feeling;doing解析:意為不能幫助助你我感到很很不好意思,,can’thelpdoing情情不自禁做某某事,can’thelpdo不能幫助做做某事。答案:C52重點(diǎn)句型型1.ThefirsttimeImetTom,heseemedtobeallergictoeverything.我第一次碰碰見(jiàn)湯姆的的時(shí)候他似似乎對(duì)一切切都很敏感感。【精講拓展展】(1)句中中短語(yǔ)thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間間狀語(yǔ)從句句,意思是是“當(dāng)?shù)谝淮未巍?,,類似的短短語(yǔ)還有::thelasttime,everytime,eachtime等。Each/EverytimeIwasintrouble,,hewouldcometohelpmeout.每當(dāng)我遇到到困難的時(shí)時(shí)候,他總總是來(lái)幫我我解決。(2)句中短短語(yǔ)seemtobe意意思是““似乎是是,好像是是”,后跟形容詞詞、名詞、、介詞短語(yǔ)語(yǔ),tobe可可以省略。。Heseems(tobe)quitehappytoday.【歸納拓展展】seemtobedoing...似乎在干某某事seemtohavedonesth.似乎干了某某事Itseemsthat...好像……Itseemsasif...好像……Thereseemstobe...似乎有………【詞語(yǔ)辨析析】look/seem/appearlook作“好像,看看起來(lái)”講講,指從外外表上看。seem指從內(nèi)心里的““判斷”。。appear指給人以表表面的印象象。seem和appear后習(xí)慣接不不定式tobe;look后接tobe常用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)中,其意意義相當(dāng)于于seemtobe,都是“看起起來(lái)”的意思。seem和look均可接asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句。seem需要用it作形式主語(yǔ),,而look的主語(yǔ)可以以是形式主主語(yǔ)it,也可以是其其他的人稱代代詞。appear則不能。seem和appear可用于“Itseems/appearsthat...”的句型結(jié)構(gòu),而look則不能。seem和appear可用于以there為引導(dǎo)詞的的句型中,look則不能。Helookslikeherfather.Heseemstobeherfather.Sheappearswise.Itseemsasifitwerespringalready.Itlooksasifweshallhavetowalkhome.Itseemedthathehadmadesomeseriousmistakesinhiswork.Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimself.Thereseems(tobe)noneedtogo.Thereappearstobeonlyoneroom.即學(xué)學(xué)即即用用I______itasabasicprincipleofthecompanythatsuppliesofrawmaterialsshouldbegivenafairpricefortheirproducts.(2008··江江西西,,25)A..makeB..lookC..takeD..think解析:句意為::把………當(dāng)做,,看做。。take...as符合題題意。think應(yīng)應(yīng)為thinkof...as。。答案:CThefactthatsheneverapologized______alotaboutwhatkindofpersonsheis.(2008·山山東,,28)A.saysB.talksC.a(chǎn)ppearsD..declares5354解析:句意::她從從來(lái)不不道歉歉這個(gè)個(gè)事實(shí)實(shí)說(shuō)明明她是是怎樣樣一個(gè)個(gè)人。。say的意意思是是說(shuō)明明,表表明sayalotabout也是是一個(gè)個(gè)短語(yǔ)語(yǔ),意思是是說(shuō)明明什么么。答案:A2.Shewasstandingwithabookinherhandsnearthepoetrysection.【精講講拓展展】withabookinherhands是是with的的復(fù)合合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu),其其結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)是““with+賓賓語(yǔ)++賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)””,這這一結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)在在句中中常作作定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),,作賓賓補(bǔ)的的可以以是介介詞短短語(yǔ),,現(xiàn)在在分詞詞,過(guò)過(guò)去分分詞,,形容詞詞,副副詞,,動(dòng)詞詞不定定式等等,其其基本本結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)如下下:with++n./pron.+介詞詞短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)with++n./pron.+副詞詞with++n./pron.+不定定式with++n./pron.+現(xiàn)在分詞詞with++n./pron.+過(guò)去分詞詞with++n./pron.+形容詞【典型例句句】Hesattherewithasmileonhisface.他微笑著坐坐在那里。。Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.她看見(jiàn)一條條兩邊是紅紅花和綠草草的小溪。。Thestreetwasquietwithnobusesrunning.街上靜悄悄悄的,沒(méi)有有汽車行駛駛。Incameamanwithhishandstiedback.進(jìn)來(lái)一個(gè)個(gè)人,手綁在背后后。Shesattherewithherheadbent.她坐在那里里,低著頭頭。Heworeashirt,withtheneckopen,showinghisbarechest.他穿著一一個(gè)開(kāi)領(lǐng)襯襯衣,露著著胸膛。Don’tsleepwiththewindowopen.不要開(kāi)著著窗睡覺(jué)。。即學(xué)即用Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions____?(2009·全國(guó)ⅠⅠ,35)A.takingB.TakeC.TakenD.totakeWiththeworldchangingfast,,wehavesomethingnew______withallbyourselveseveryday.(2009·重慶,,29)A.dealB..DealtC..todealD.dealing答案:CC555655563.ThesingingwassoloudthatIcouldevenrecognizethesong!歌聲如此響響亮甚至我我都能聽(tīng)出出是哪首歌歌!【精講拓展展】so...that...意為“如如此,以致致”,在句句中引導(dǎo)結(jié)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)中的so為副詞,,后面跟形形容詞或副副詞。IamsoangrythatIcan’’tsayaword.我我是是如如此此生生氣氣,,以至至一一句句話話也也說(shuō)說(shuō)不不出出來(lái)來(lái)。。ItissodarkthatIdarenotgooutalone.天天如如此此黑黑,,我不不敢敢獨(dú)獨(dú)自自出出去去。?!驹~詞語(yǔ)語(yǔ)辨辨析析】】so...that/such...that...(1)so...that結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)中中的的so為為副副詞詞,,后后面面跟跟形形容容詞詞或或副副詞詞;;such...that中中的的such為為形形容容詞詞,,后后接接名名詞詞;;(2)當(dāng)當(dāng)that前前的的名名詞詞有有表表示示數(shù)數(shù)量量多多少少的的many,,much,,few,,little等等修修飾飾時(shí)時(shí),,只只能能用用so,,不不能能用用such;;(3)但但若若名名詞詞前前的的little意意為為““小小(的的)””時(shí)時(shí),,則則仍仍用用such,,而不不能能用用so;;(4)當(dāng)當(dāng)that前前是是單單數(shù)數(shù)可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞且且該該名名詞詞前前有有形形容容詞詞修修飾飾時(shí)時(shí),,so++adj.++a/an可可轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換換為為such++a/an++adj.++n.(5)當(dāng)當(dāng)that前前是是不不可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞或或復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞時(shí)時(shí),,則則必必須須用用such;;(6)so++adj./adv.放放到到句句首首時(shí)時(shí)要要倒倒裝裝。?!镜涞湫托屠渚洹俊縃ebecamesoangrythathecouldn’’tspeak.他變變得得如如此此生生氣氣,,以以致致說(shuō)說(shuō)不不出出話話來(lái)來(lái)。。Itwassuchafinedaythatwewentoutforawalk.那是是一一個(gè)個(gè)如如此此晴晴朗朗的的日日子子,,所所以以我我們們出出去去散散步步。。Therewassomuchnoiseoutsidethatwecouldn’’theartheteacher.外面面嘈嘈雜雜聲聲很很大大,,以以致致我我們們不不能能聽(tīng)聽(tīng)到到老老師師的的話話。。Hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.他跌跌了了那那么么多多的的跤跤,,以以致致全全身身青青一一塊塊,,紫紫一一塊塊的的。。Itissuchalittlesheepthatitcan’’trunfast.這只只綿綿羊羊如如此此小小,,以以至至于于它它跑跑不不快快。。Sheissogoodateacherthatweallloveher.=Sheissuchagoodteacherthatweallloveher.她是一位好老老師,我們都都愛(ài)她。Itwassuchfineweatherthattheyallwentshopping.那是個(gè)好天氣氣,他們都去去購(gòu)物了。Theyaresuchnicebananasthatwewouldliketoeatthem.它們是如此好好的香蕉,以以致我們都想想吃它們。SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.他說(shuō)說(shuō)英英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)如如此此清清晰晰以以至至于于別別人人都名師師原原創(chuàng)創(chuàng)1._______inchargeoftheshoppingcenterhasupsethimforquitesometime.A.LeftB.BeingleftC.HavingleftD..Toleave解析:考查非非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞用法法。本本空在在句中中作主主語(yǔ),,表示示被動(dòng)含義義,因因此選選B。。答案::B2.OnMarch14,violentcrimesofbeating,lootingandburninginLhasaofTibetbrokeout,________innocentpeopleandwithmorethan300________.A.killed;;injuredB..killing;;injuredC.killed;;injuringD..killing;;injuring解析:考查非非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞用法法。第第一空空用kill的的現(xiàn)在在分詞詞作狀語(yǔ)表示主主動(dòng)含義和和補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明明,第二空空用過(guò)去分分詞表示“受傷”。。答案:B3.Whowouldyourather________yourepairyourCDplayer?A.HelpB.HelpedC.helpingD.tohelp解析:此題還原為為YouwouldratherwhohelpedyourepairyourCDplayer.可知答案案為B。答案:B4.________nice,thefoodwasalleatenupsoon.A.TastingB..TasteC.TastedD.Totaste解析:taste是系動(dòng)詞,,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)動(dòng),答案為為A表示原原因。答案:A5.Heranasfastashecould________tocatchthebus.A.hopeB.tohopeC.hopingD.hoped解析:其中的現(xiàn)在在分詞短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)hopingtocatchthebus用做伴隨狀語(yǔ),,即盡力跑著著,希望能趕趕上汽車。答案:C6.Heisamanoffewwords,andseldomspeaksuntil________to.A.spokenB.speakingC..speakD.bespoken解析:此題容易誤選選B,認(rèn)為until是介詞,后接接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式。。untilspokento為untilheisspokento之省略。句意意為“他是個(gè)個(gè)沉默寡言的的人,別人不不跟他說(shuō)話,,他很少與別人人說(shuō)話”。按按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣,,一些表示時(shí)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、、條件、方式、、讓步等的狀狀語(yǔ)從句,若若主語(yǔ)與主句句主語(yǔ)一致,,且從句謂語(yǔ)包包含動(dòng)詞be,那么可將將從句的主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be省略。答案:A7.If________carefully,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.A.doB..doesC.doneD.doing解析:ifitiscarefullydone的省略形式。。答案:C8.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB..havingbegunC.beginningD.Begun解析:onceitisbegun的省略形式式。答案:D9.Hesuggestedthepersonreferred________putintoprison.A.isB..beC..tobeD.shouldbe解析:referredto過(guò)去分詞作定定語(yǔ),beputintoprison是賓語(yǔ)從句的的謂語(yǔ)部分。。學(xué)生由于粗粗心,容易誤誤選B或者D。答案:C過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞起形形容詞、副詞詞的作用,在在句中作狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。一、過(guò)去分詞詞作狀語(yǔ)1.通常修飾謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ),很多是說(shuō)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生生的背景或情情況。Guidedbytheseprinciples,theywentonwiththework.在這些方針的的指引下,他他們繼續(xù)進(jìn)行行這項(xiàng)工作。。Delightedwithherwork,theymadeherthegeneralmanager.他們很欣賞她她的工作,讓讓她當(dāng)了總經(jīng)經(jīng)理。Encouragedbythesesuccesses,theydecidedtoexpandthebusiness.在這些成績(jī)的的鼓舞下他們們決定擴(kuò)大經(jīng)經(jīng)營(yíng)。Builtin1192,thebridgeisover700yearsold.這座橋是1192年修的的,已經(jīng)有七七百多年的歷歷史了。2.過(guò)去分詞詞也可作原因因狀語(yǔ)Influencedbyhisexample,,theyperformedcountlessgooddeeds.在他的事跡的的影響下,他他們做了無(wú)數(shù)數(shù)件好事。Confinedtobed,,sheneededtobewaitedonineverything.(由于于)她她臥病病在床床,什什么事事都需需要人人照顧顧。Hesoonfellasleep,exhaustedbythejourney.由于旅旅途勞勞累他他很快快就睡睡著了了。3.過(guò)過(guò)去分分詞也也可作作時(shí)間間狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)Seenfromthehill,,thetownlooksmagnificent.從山上上看這這座城城市非非常漂漂亮。。Thismethod,triedinareasnearShanghai,,resultedinamarkedriseintotalproduction.這個(gè)辦辦法在在上海海附近近地區(qū)區(qū)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)時(shí)總總產(chǎn)量量有了了顯著著提高高。4.過(guò)過(guò)去分分詞也也可作作假設(shè)設(shè)的條條件狀狀語(yǔ)Givencloseranalysis,wecanseethisistotallywrong.仔細(xì)分分析一一下,,我們們可以以看出出這是是完全全錯(cuò)誤誤的。。Givenbetterattention,,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.如果管管理得得好一一點(diǎn),,這些些大白白菜還還可以以長(zhǎng)得得更好好。Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.(諺諺)團(tuán)團(tuán)結(jié)結(jié)則則存存,,分分裂裂則則亡亡。。二、、過(guò)過(guò)去去分分詞詞作作定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)過(guò)去去分分詞詞表表示示的的有一定的時(shí)間性。Isthisthebookrecommendedbyourteacher?這是老師推薦的書嗎?Aletterpostedtodaywillprobablyreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天發(fā)的信或許后天他能收到。Wehavetopaydutiesongoodsimportedfromabroad.進(jìn)口商品得交稅。Ihatetoseeletterswritteninpencil.我討厭看鉛筆寫的信。三、、過(guò)過(guò)去去分分詞詞作作表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)過(guò)去去分分詞詞多多表表示示主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)所所處處的的狀狀態(tài)態(tài)。。Thedoorremainedlocked.門門仍仍然然鎖鎖著著。。Shefeltdisappointed.她她感感到到很很失失望望。。Heseemsquitedelightedattheidea.聽(tīng)了這想想法他似似乎很激激動(dòng)。注意:這種結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)和被被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)的區(qū)別別。被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表表示一個(gè)個(gè)動(dòng)作。Itisusuallyclosedat6.它通通常六點(diǎn)點(diǎn)關(guān)門。。Thebookwaswrittenbyawoman.這書是一一位婦女女寫的。。四、過(guò)去去分詞作作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Shewasgladtoseeherchildrenwelltakencareofinthenursery.她很高興興看到孩孩子們?cè)谠谕袃核艿胶芎芎玫恼照疹?。HeonceheardthesongsunginGerman.You’dbetterhaveyourshoesmended.你最好還是請(qǐng)人把鞋子修一下。五、過(guò)去分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格Allbooksreturnedattheendoftheterm,thelibraryassistantwassatisfied.所有的書期末時(shí)都還了,圖書管理員很高興。Thefieldploughed,hebegantospreadseed.地耕好了,他開(kāi)始撒種子。語(yǔ)法專專練練1.BecauseofmypoorEnglishI’mafraidIcan’tmakemyself________.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD..understood解析:句意:因因?yàn)槲业牡挠⒄Z(yǔ)很很差,我我恐怕不不能使人人理解。。makeoneselfunderstood固定搭配配。答案:D2.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.A.workB..working解析:句意:工人們想讓我們和他們一起工作。wantsb.todosth.固定句型。

答案:C3.What’’sthelanguage________inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak解析:句意:德德國(guó)說(shuō)什什么語(yǔ)言言?language和speak是被動(dòng)動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),故故選B。。答案:B4.________someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB..FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.Havingbeenfollowedby解析:句意:在在一些官官員的陪陪同下,,拿破侖侖視察了了他的部隊(duì)。Napoleon和officials之之間是被被動(dòng)關(guān)系系,故選選B。答案:B5.Mostofthepeople________tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting解析:句意:絕大大部分被邀邀請(qǐng)的人是是著名的科科學(xué)家。people和invite之間間是被動(dòng)關(guān)關(guān)系,故選選A。答案:A6.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions_____.A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown解析:句意:知道道自己的建建議被拒絕絕,他很失失望。本題題缺少賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ),suggestions和turndown之間是是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故選B。答案:B7.Doyouknowtheboy________underthebigtree?A.layB..lainC.LayingD..lying解析:句意:你認(rèn)認(rèn)識(shí)躺在大大樹(shù)下的男男孩么?句句子缺少定定語(yǔ),boy和lie之間是是主謂關(guān)系系,故用lying作定語(yǔ)。。答案:D8.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketohavethispackage________,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed解析:句意:———早上好,,我能幫你你么?———我想稱一一下這個(gè)包裹裹。句子缺缺少賓補(bǔ),,package和和weigh之之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,,故用D。。答案:D9.Therewasaterriblenoise________thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed解析:句意:伴隨隨著突然的的閃電是一一聲巨響。。noise和follow之間是是主動(dòng)關(guān)系系,故選B。答案:B10.________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.Giv

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