動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法與練習(xí)題(歸納整理,含答案)

動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法與練習(xí)題(歸納整理,含答案)1.–ing分詞的構(gòu)成主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否認(rèn)式:not+--ing/nothaving(been)done不是havingnot(been)done2.一般式和完成式的用法--ing分詞的一般式表示和謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)展的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；完成式表示先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：Walkingalongthestreet,hecaughtsightofanoldfriendofhis.Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.3.---ing分詞的被動(dòng)式

當(dāng)－ing分詞與它的邏輯主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，需要用被動(dòng)形式。根據(jù)－ing分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，－ing分詞的被動(dòng)式分為一般被動(dòng)式(beingdone)和完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone),如：

Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher,heworksevenharder.

4.---ing分詞的句法功能---ing分詞作主語

LearningEnglishhasbecomeapartofhislife.

Itisnouse

tryingtorepairtheship.Theseholesaremuchtoobig.2)---ing分詞作賓語以下動(dòng)詞必須跟---ing分詞作賓語：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/excuse/finish/image/keep/mind/miss/postpone/putoff/practise/risk/stand/stop/suggest/giveup/cannothelp防止錯(cuò)過少延期avoidmissputoff/postpone建議完成多練習(xí)suggestfinishpractise喜歡想像禁不住enjoyimaginecan’thelp成認(rèn)否認(rèn)與嫉妒admitdenyenvy逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒escaperiskexcuse忍受保持不介意standkeepmindMakethemeasierforyoutoremember!英語中某些及物動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，這類動(dòng)詞是：advise,delay,appreciate,consider,beworth,feellikeetc.

todosth.

doingsth.forgetrememberregretmeangoonstoptry忘記去做某事忘記已經(jīng)做過某事記住去做某事記住曾做過某事遺憾去做某事懊悔做過某事打算/想做某事意味著做某事〔做完某事〕接著去做另一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事努力去做某事試著做某事停下來去做另一件事停頓做一件事3〕--ing分詞作表語。如：Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.Themusictheyareplayingsoundssoexciting.

注：一般來講，--ing分詞作表語有兩種情況，一是名詞性，這時(shí)主語和表語可以互換。即：Playingallkindsofmusicisourjob.二是形容詞性，表示主語的性質(zhì)和特征，主表不可互換。

4〕-ing分詞作定語可以表示(1)所修飾名詞的用途。如：awaitingroom(=aroomforwaiting)候車室awalkingstick(=astickforwalking)手杖asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)臥車〔2〕所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如：excitingnews令人沖動(dòng)的消息amovingstory一個(gè)令人感動(dòng)的故事

注：分詞短語作定語須放在所修飾詞之后，例如：themanstandingatthegate=themanwhoisstandingatthegate

另外，-ing分詞的完成式不能作定語。例如不可以說：Themanhavingwrittenmanybooksisaformerstudentofourschool.應(yīng)改為Themanwhohaswrittenmanybooksis…(3)所修飾名詞正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，可以換成定語從句形式。如：asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)正睡覺的孩子awalkingman(=amanwhoiswalking)正散步的男人

5)在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官動(dòng)詞后可以用-ing形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。這時(shí)-ing形式和句子的賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且-ing形式表示賓語正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作。如：Hesawaboyclimbingthetree.Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?有人敲門你聽見了嗎?區(qū)別seesb.doingsth是指〞看見某人正在做某事〞，不是全過程，表正在進(jìn)展seesb.dosth是指〞看見某人做過某事〞是看著事情的發(fā)生全過程，是看見某人做某事例句Isawhercleantheclassroom.是說我看到她清掃教室了?！矎?qiáng)調(diào)做過這件事〕Isawhercleaningtheclassroom.我看到她正在掃打教室〔強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做某事〕6)-ing分詞作狀語(1)-ing分詞在句中可以作伴隨狀語，常放于句后，表示主語正在進(jìn)展的另一個(gè)動(dòng)作，來對謂語表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃髦饕阋r。如：Theysatinfrontofthebuilding,laughingandchatting.Heworkedlateyesterday,preparingforthelecture.(2)-ing分詞可以作時(shí)間狀語，常放在句首，如：(When)Walkinginthestreet,Icaughtsightofatailor'sshop.

(3)-ing分詞可以作原因狀語，常放句首。如：

Beingill,hecan'tgotoschool.

Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn'tgetintouchwithher.

Havinglivedinthecityformanyyears,heknowsitverywell.(After)Finishingmywork,Iwentout.Havingtoldusafunnystory,theteacherwentontoexplainthetexttous(4)-ing分詞可以作條件狀語，常放句首。

Turningtotheright,you’llfindthepostofficethere.(5)-ing分詞可以作結(jié)果狀語，常放句末。

Heturnedoffthelight,seeingnothing.5.-ing分詞的復(fù)合構(gòu)造物主代詞/人稱代詞/名詞所屬格或普通名詞+ing分詞(1)作主語〔須用物主代詞或名詞所屬格〕His/Tom’snotbeingchosenmadeusdisappointed.(2)作賓語(除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用普通名詞或代詞賓格〕Hewasawakenedbysomeone’sknockingatthedoor.Theyhaveneverforgivenusgoingthere.Wedon’tmindhimexplainingitagain.Myfriendcan’tunderstandyourtreatinghimlikethat.(3)作狀語〔須用普通名詞或主格代詞,亦稱獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造〕Timepermitting,we’lldealwiththetext.Theboywasplayingwithaball,hismotherstandingnearby.1〕獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2〕名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。3〕獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造一般有逗號與主句分開。Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.=Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.Themeetinggoneover,everyonetiredtogohomeearlier.獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造可在其前加上介詞with/without。Withoutawordmorespoken,sheleftthemeetingroom.Theboywaswalking,withhisfatherfollowing.MissSmithenteredtheclassroom,bookinhand.MissSmithenteredtheclassroom,withabookinherhand.在“名詞〔或代詞〕+介詞短語〞構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造中，一般不用形容詞性物主代詞和冠詞。Notfarfromtheschooltherewasagarden,_________ownerseatedinitplayingchesswithhislittlegrandsoneveryafternoon.A.itsB.whoseC.whichD.that【分析】此題很容易誤選B，漢子你一不小心就會(huì)認(rèn)為它是定語從句，whose在定語從句中用作定語修飾其后的名詞owner。但它卻不是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)闆]有謂語。seat用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它總是及物的，其后要么接賓語，要么它就用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以假設(shè)在seated前加上助動(dòng)詞is，那么可以選擇B。所以選A。(1)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________translatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that(2)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that第(1)應(yīng)選B，因?yàn)榫渲械膖ranslated是過去分詞假設(shè)選C，那么該從句無謂語；第(2)應(yīng)選C，該句是典型的定語從句，因?yàn)樵摼湫揎椀氖乔懊娴膎ovels，即指物，所以只能用which做of的賓語.請記住定語從句有逗號,不用that!(3)Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that【分析】此題與上面的第(2)題不同，兩句間多了一個(gè)并列連詞and，說明這是一個(gè)并列句，故應(yīng)選B，那么不能選C。ThereImetseveralpeople,twoof_________beingforeigners.A.whichB.themC.whomD.that(2)ThereImetseveralpeople,twoof_________wereforeigners.A.WhichB.whomC.whoD.that(3)ThereImetseveralpeople,andtwoof_________wereforeigners.

A.whichB.themC.whomD.that(4)There_________nothingmoretodo,Mr.Goodmanleftforhome.

A.WasB.beingC.tobeD.hadbeing〔獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造〕〔非限制性定語從句〕〔兩個(gè)句子〕〔獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造〕B___moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetterA.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven2.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedDwaspreparingBACtoprepare表目的意思上并不錯(cuò)但通常不用逗號隔開5.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,__thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedC6.“Can’tyouread?〞Marysaid___tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointedangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing8.Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened9.Thefirsttextbooks___forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

ADDOpen有形容詞和動(dòng)詞之分,動(dòng)詞有主被動(dòng),還有close11.Doyouknowtheboy____underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying12.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed13.---Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?---I’dliketohavethispackage______,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed14.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself___.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard

DDDB15.Themissingboyswerelastseen__neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay16.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught___andletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealingA別人看到時(shí)正在玩耍,而非全過程D補(bǔ)充完girl的定語從句：whoiscaughtstealing其中whois可以省略也可以加上。becaughtdoingsth是固定句型。意思是某人被撞者做某事，放到句中，就是被抓到偷東西。17.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied19.Shesetoutsoonafterdark___homeanhourlater.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrivedDD20.Johnwasmade__thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing21.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget___bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay22.Mr.Smithwarnedherdaughter___afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.everdriveCAAwarnsb.(not)todosth.警告某人〔不要〕干某事warnsb.about/ofsth.提醒、警告某人注意某事makesb.dobemadetodo25.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,__itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake26.Shepretended__mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen27.Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers__abicycle.A.ride,rideB.riding,rideC.ride,torideD.toride,ridingAAC28.LittleJimshouldlove___tothetheatrethismorning.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingshoudloveto等于woudliketo,后邊跟動(dòng)詞原形,Jim是被帶進(jìn)劇院的,用被動(dòng)語態(tài).所以選A.29.Iwouldlove___tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone31.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident___losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoastoBB33.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.----Oh,Iforgot____.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff34.IcanhardlyimagePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailedCC必加ing形式的動(dòng)詞35.Iwouldappreciate__backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling37.___isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk38.---Imustapologizefor___aheadoftime.---That’sallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknowCBB42.–Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret__that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.havingdone43.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donottoDAB這是一個(gè)省略式的答復(fù)，用to來表示動(dòng)詞的省略。假設(shè)選A，必須是完整的，nottodothat.因?yàn)閐o是及物動(dòng)詞。例如：Wouldyouliketogowithme?I'dliketo.44.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating45.___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolost46.Robertissaid___abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudied.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyingCCABelostinsth是沉醉、沉迷、迷失于。studied.48.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.〞r(shí)eadB.readsC.toreadD.reading49.Thesentencewants___oncemore.A.explainedB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.toexplainDBwantdoing=wanttobedone.needrequire都可以用主動(dòng)的形式表示被動(dòng)如Thetreesneedwatering=Thetreesneedtobewatered.51.____fromsomanyapple,Ithink,theseonthetablearemuchbetterthantheothers.A.HavingchosenB.ChosenC.BeingchosenD.Choose52.Herskirthasbecomeloose.Sheseems____weight.A.toloseB.thatshehaslostC.tohavelostD.tobelosing53.Thehighway____tothecityisunderrepairnow.A.leadsB.ledC.toleadD.leadingBCD54.Did____ontimemaketheteacherangry?A.shenotcomeB.shenottocomeC.nothercomingD.hernotcoming55.YoucanneverimagethegreattroubleIhave