人教版初二英語上冊第十五單元知識點

人教版初二英語上冊第十五單元學問點Thanksforthemessage!單元雙基學習目標Ⅰ.詞匯學習：answer,telephone,moment,ring,phone,way,photo,story,enough,really,beout,atthemoment,bytheway,thenextday,ringup,message,afraid,cinema,pleasure,harvestⅡ.語法學習：1)嫻熟把握therebe2)理解并把握Could??的用法。Ⅲ.交際用語：He”soutatthemoment.Pleaseringhim.Bytheway,?Idon”tthinkso.I”mafraid?CouldIspeakto?,please?Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?IsthatLily?CanItakeamessage?教導迷津單元重點詞匯點撥1.messageI”vegotamessageforMrSmith.我有了史密斯先生的消息。Heaskedmetopassheramessage.他讓我給她帶個信兒?！军c撥】該詞為可數(shù)名詞，不同于news(不行數(shù)名詞)。2.answerWhocananswerthequestion?誰能答復這個問題?Pleaseanswerthephoneforme.請?zhí)嫖一貍€?！军c撥】該詞亦可作名詞，如：makenoanswer3.telephoneIspoketohimbytelephone.我用和他說。MayIuseyourtelephone?我能用用你的嗎?Itelephonedyouyesterday,butnobodyansweredIwanttotelephonetomymotheratonce.我想馬上給我媽媽打?！军c撥】該詞也可作動詞，其縮寫為phone。4.afraid，可怕，生怕(口語)Heisafraidofdogs.他可怕狗。113頁Don”tbeafraidofcats.別可怕貓。Iammuchafraidofdarkness.我格外怕黑。Iamafraidwecan”tcatchthebus.我們生怕趕不上車了。beafraidtodobeafraidof?的區(qū)分，5.momentPleasewait(for)amoment.請等一會兒。Tellhimtocomehereinamoment.告知他過一會兒到這兒來。I”dliketospeaktoyouforamoment.我愿望和你聊一會兒?！军c撥】該詞為可數(shù)名詞，相當于while。6.cinemaThereisacinemanearthepark.公園邊上有個電影院?！猈hereareyougoing?你去哪兒?—Iamgoingtothecinema.我去看電影。【點撥】該詞作“電影”講時，一般前面加the。7.pleasureReading(Singing)bringsmepleasure.閱讀給我?guī)順啡?。Ididtheworkwithpleasure.我工作不開心。Itgavememuchpleasuretohearofyoursuccess8.ringThebellrangforlunch.鈴聲響了，該吃飯了。Thetelephoneisringing.鈴響了?！军c撥】留意該詞的過去式rang和過去分詞rung。9.way

說你成功了，我格外快活。Willyoutellmethewaytothestation?能告知我去車站的路嗎?Thehospitalisalongwayfromhere.從這兒去醫(yī)院很遠。Thisway,please.請往這邊走。Threaremanywaysofdoingit.做這件事有很多方法?！军c撥】該詞不指具體的路，具體的道路常使用road。10.photoSheshowedmeherphotosofEngland.他給我看英國的照片。Thisisaphotoofmyson.這是兒子的一張照片。Let”stakeaphototogether.讓我們一起拍張照?！军c撥】留意“照相”常用takeaphoto(of?)。11.storyTheoldmanistellingthemastory.老人在給他們講故事?！军c撥】講故事常用tell(astory)。12.harvestTheyhadabigharvestlastyear.去年他們豐收了。We”llgotoharvestricenextweek.下星期我們要去收麥子。【點撥】該詞可作名詞，也可作動詞。作動詞相當于getin。13.enoughWehaveenoughtimetodotheworkell.我們有足夠的時間把工作做好。213頁Ihaveenoughmoneytobuyfood.我有足夠的錢買食物?！军c撥】該詞可作名詞、形容詞及副詞。14.reallyYouarereallywrong.你確實錯了。Ireallydonotknow.我真的不知道。【點撥】該詞為形容詞real的副詞形式，其意義相當于indeed。單元詞組思維運用atthemomentI”mbusyatthemoment.現(xiàn)在我很忙?！咎崾尽吭撛~組于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。passonTheypassedonballtoeachother.他們相互傳球。Hepassedthejobontome.他把工作交給我。Willyoupleasepassthemessageontohim?你能把這個消息告知他嗎?【提示】該詞組中的on為副詞，表示“傳遞給??t。onit/themclimbupPeterisclimbinguptheladder.彼特正在往梯子上爬。Themonkeyscanclimbupthetreequickly.猴子能很快爬上樹。up表示方向，意思是“向上ringupTomrangyou(up)justnow.剛剛湯姆打給你?！咎崾尽吭撛~組用的up5.bytheway【提示】該短語為固定短語，不同于inthewayontheway(to?)等。6.showsts.tosb.把某物給某人看【提示】該短語也可說成showsb.sts.留意短語showsb.around?領某人參觀。二、學海導航學法指要單元句型思維明晰I”mafraid?I”mafraidhe”soutatthemoment.生怕他現(xiàn)在出去了。留意：I”mafraid常用于口語中，用來表示圓滿、內(nèi)疚以及委婉的否認，也可用來表示有義務做某事。如：I’mafraidIcan”thelpyou.生怕我?guī)筒涣四愕拿?。I”mafraidthistaskistoohardforme.這件工件對我來說生怕太難了。I”mafraidImustdoit.生怕我必需做。Couldyou??Kate,couldyouanswerthetelephone,please?凱特，接一下，好嗎?313頁couldyou?也是常用口語的句型，用來表示懇求或要求的委婉用語。如：Couldyoulendmeyourbook?能把書借給我嗎?Couldyouwaithalfanhour?你能等半個小時嗎?Therebe?的句型留意：Therebe構造，表示“什么地方或時間，存在什么事物there+be+名詞+地點(時間)。這個構造中的therebebe語，兩者的數(shù)必需全都。句子最終為地點(時間)狀語，這一構造有時態(tài)變化。如：Thereisablackboardonthewall.墻上有塊黑板。Therearemanydesksandchairsintheroom.房間里有很多桌椅。Thereisnobodyintheclassroom.教室里沒人。Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.今日晚上要開個會。2)主語后有時有一個定語修飾。如：Thereisacarwaitingoutside.外面有輛車等著。Therearemanythingstobedone.有很多事要做。3)這個構造的否認式是：Therebenot(或no)?。如：Thereisn”tgoingtobeameetingtonight.今日晚上不開會。Therearen”tanygrammarbooksinthebookcase.書架上沒放幾本語法書。4)這個構造的疑問式是：Bethere??Isthereanywaterleftinyourbottle?瓶子里還有水嗎?Arethereanybooksintheotherroom?那間房子里有書嗎?Whatisthereintheotherroom?那間房子里有什么?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?你們班上有多少學生?5)therebehaveTheyhavefiveappletreesinthegarden.they)Therearefiveappletreesinthegarden5There”satelephoneineveryroom.每個房間都有。(強調(diào)客觀存在)Everyroomhasatelephone.(強調(diào)是每個房間的固定局部)這種構造中的謂語有時不用動詞be，而用live,come,stand,seemtobeOncetherelivedaking.從前，這兒有個國王。Onthesecondfloor,therelivedayoungman.二樓住著個年輕人。Therestandsatreeoverthere.那兒也有棵樹。Therecomesthebus.公共汽車來了。Thentherecameaknockatthedoor.接著，聽到了敲門的聲音。Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。therebebebe直接接的那個人或事物是單數(shù)或復數(shù)。如：Thereisateacherandtwostudentsintheclassroom.教室里有個教師和兩名學生。Therearetwoshopshopsandabookshoponthatstreet.那條街上有兩家鞋店和一個書店。單元難點疑點釋疑413頁1.Kate,couldyouanswerthetelephone,please?凱特，請回。answerthetelephoneMary,thetelephoneisringing,couldyouanswerit,please你能回嗎?2.7-5-4-double6-2“754662”

麗，鈴響了，double雙重的，雙倍的。中各連續(xù)有兩個數(shù)字一樣時，如：732995，可以說成：7-3-2-double9-5。3.I”mafraidhe”soutatthemoment.生怕他現(xiàn)在不在家。1)I”mafraid意為“生怕??I”mafraidIcan”tcomehere.我生怕不能來這兒。2)beoutMymotherisout.Sheisdoingsomeshopping.我媽媽不在家，她去買東西了。3)atthemomentThestudentsareplayingbasketballatthemoment.學生們現(xiàn)在正在打籃球。4.He”satthecinema.他在看電影。atthecinema意為看電影。atatschoolatworkatthemomentCanItakeamessage?我能捎個口信嗎?takeamessageforsbSheaskedmetotakeamessageforyou.她讓我捎個口信給你。Wouldyouliketotakeamessageforme?你能給我?guī)Э谛艈?Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?你能叫他給我打電個話嗎?asksb.todosth.意為“要某人做某事Theteacheraskedustostoptalking.教師讓我們別講話。7.It”sapleasure.不必客氣。這是一句用于答復別人感謝之意時的禮貌用語。如：—Thankyouforhelpingmesomuch.感謝你給我極大的幫助?！狪t”spleasure.不用謝。Oh,bytheway,therewasatelephonecallforyou.嗨，順便說一下，有人給你打了一個。bythewayBytheway,whoisyourmonitor?順便問一下，誰是班長?Bytheway,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou事要告知你。IsthatLiLei?你是李雷嗎?IsthatLILei?Isthatyou,LiLei?

便說一下，我有點重要的thithatWhoisthatWhoisthatspeaking“Thisi?”is?speaking.”Wepickedlotsofapples.我們摘了很多蘋果。lots=alotof很多。lotsofalotof既可以修飾可數(shù)名語，也可以修飾不行數(shù)名詞，如：513頁Ihavelotsoffriends.我有很多朋友。11.Afriendgavemeaphoto.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.如：Hegavemeaknife.=Hegaveaknifetome.Therewaremanyapplesonthetrees.樹上有很多蘋果。長在樹上的一般用onthetree，不是長在樹上則用inthetree。如：Therearelostofbananasonthetrees.樹上有很多香蕉。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.樹上有一些鳥。Theyneededtoclimbupthetreeswithladders.他們需要借助梯子爬上樹。1)climbupTheboysclimbedupthemountain.孩子們爬上了山。2)withShewriteswithapencil.她用鉛筆寫字。是TherewerenoenoughpeopleTherewerenotenoughpeople?enough作為定語使用時，由于它本身是一個形容詞，所以必需用副詞not，而不是用形容詞nonotisno。如：WehavenotenoughtimeWehavenoenoughtime.)Thatisnotenough.那是不夠的。(不能說：Thatisnoenough.)Therewasnotenoughlightintheroom.房間里光線缺乏。妙文賞析AnOldFriendCarolEvdanshated(憎恨，厭煩)tobewrong.Ifshemadeamistake,shecouldneveradmit(成認)it.Oneday,shewaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshebumped(撞上),intoanotherwoman.Shelookedatthewomanverycarefully.Thenshesaid,“KateFoster!Well,well,Ihaven”tseenyoufortenyears.”Shelookedthewomanupanddown.“Butyou”vechanged,Kate,”shewenton.“Youusedtobefatbutnowyou”rethin.”Shesmiledather,“Butyoulookwellandit”sgoodtoseeyouagain.”Shetookthewoman”shandandshookit.“But,oh,youhavechanged,”shesaid.“I”veneverknownanyonechangesomuch.Youusedtohavethickhairbutnowit”sverythin.Youdidn”tusedtowearglassesbutnowyou”rewearingreallythickones.”Shesmiledatthewomanagain.“Butyou”restillthesameKateFosterIusedtohavecoffeewitheveryweek.Wehadsomegoodtimes,didn”twe,Kate?”“Excuseme,ma”am,”thewomansaid,“butmynameisn”tKateFoster.”Carolthoughtforaminute,thenshesaid,“Soyou”vechangedyournameaswell,haven”tyou?”613頁思維體操Ⅰ.連詞成句，然后寫成一段疑問句形式，并作確定和否認答復：1.helped,thechildren,thefarmers,lastOctober,pickapples→ .? .2.agoodtime,hav,I,lastSunday,onthefam .3.heclassroom,people,were,enough,there→.?.4.foryou,atelephonecall,be,there→.?.【參考答案】1.ThechildrenhelpedthefarmerspickappleslastOctober.DidthechildrenhelpthefarmerspickappleslastOctober?/Yes,theydid./No,theydidn”t.2.IhadggoodtimeonthefarmlastSunday.DidyouhaveagoodtimeonthefarmlastSunday?/Yes,Idid.No,/Ididn”t.Therewereenoughpeopleintheclassroom.Werethereenoughpeopleintheclassroom?/Yes,therewere./No,thereweren”t.Therewasatelephonecallforyou.Wasthereatelephonecallforme?/Yes,therewas./No,therewasn”t.Ⅱ.請用句中畫線詞語的反義詞(詞組)填空：Lilyisbusy.Lucyis .Aretheyallinthesameschool?No,theygoto schools.3.Herearesomegoodoranges.Throwawaythose ones.4.Isiteasytoanswer?No,it”stoo .5.DoesJimsitinthefrontroworinthe row?6.Maryisill.Ithinkshe”llbe beforelong.Thisskirtistoodear.Showmea one,please.Mybrotherwenttherelastweek,andI”llgothere week.LiuMeiisthefirststudenttogetup,butthe onetogotobed.10.Istheshopclosedor ?Myanswerisright,butyoursis .Tomstandsontherightside.Istandonthe side.13.Areyoufullor ?14.Jimhastwoboxes.Oneisfull,theotheris .15.Myhairisshort.Herhairis .Mysisterisshort.Mybrotheris .It”sveryhotinsummerandvery inwinter.18.Myfatheralwaysgoestoworkearly.Heis .19.Heusesalifttogoupand .Therearesomeflowersinfrontothehouseandtherearesometrees it.713頁Pleaseremembertofinishyourhomework.Don”t it.22.I”mgoingtoaskyouthequestion.Canyou it?23.Iwanttobuyaknife.Whichshop thingslikethat?24.Istarttoworkatseveninthemorningand myworkatfiveintheafternoon.Pleasetakeoffyouroldshirtand thenewone.Somepeoplearegettingonthebusandsomepeopleare thebus.27.Weusuallyworkinthedayandgotosleep .28.Shehasmoreeggsthanyou.Youhave eggsthanshe.29.YouhavemorewaterthanIIhave waterthanyou.30.IthinkJulyisthebestmonthandDecemberisthe monthinayear.【參考答案】1.free 2.different 3.bad 4.difficult/hard 5.back 6.well7.cheap8.next9.last10.open11.wrong12.left13.hungry14.empty15.long16.tall17.cold18.never19.down20.behind21.forget22.answer23.sells24.finish25.puton26.gettingoff27.atnight28.fewer29.less30.worst三、智能顯示心中有數(shù)單元語法發(fā)散思維情景對話常見句式小結購物：顧客進店后售貨員與顧客打招呼的用語。WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?請你先生要些什么?CanIhelpyou,madam?IthereanythingIcandoforyou?顧客購物時對售貨員講的話。I”dlike(tobuy)ashirt.我想買一件襯衣。I”mlookingforashirt(formydaughter).我想(給我女兒)買一件襯衣。3)問價與還價。Howmuchisit(arethey)?多少錢?That”smuchtooexpensive(dear).Canitbecheaper?太貴了，廉價點好嗎?Doyouhaveanythingcheaper?有廉價些的嗎?4)顧客打算購物時的用語。I”lltakeit.我買了。Pleasegivemetwokilosofmeat.我買兩公斤肉。2.問路與指路：問路。813頁Excuseme,whichisthewaytothepostoffice?請問，到郵局怎么走?Excuseme,whereisthepostoffice,please?Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?Excuseme,howcanIgettothepostoffice?指路。Goalong(down)thisroad?順著這條路走??，Goupthisroaduntilyoureach/getto?順著這條路始終向前走，直到??Takethefirstturningontheright.在第一路口向右轉。Turnrightatthefirstcrossing.You”dbettertakeabusthere.你最好乘公共汽車到那兒。It”sabouttwokilometersawayfromhere.離這兒大約兩公里。邀請與應答：邀請。Willyoupleasecometomyparty?請你來參與我的晚會，好嗎?Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Wouldyoupleasecometomyparty?I”dlikeyoutocometomyparty.應答。承受：Yes,I”dlike/loveto.好的，格外快活(情愿)。Yes,that”sverykindofyou.婉拒：I”dloveto,but?我很想去，可是??That”sverykindofyou,butI”mafraid?感謝你的邀請，生怕??4.建議與應答：建議Shallwemeetattheschoolgate?我們在校門口見面，好嗎?Whynotmeetattheschoolgate?Let”smeetattheschoolgate.What/Howaboutmeetingattheschoolgate?應答。Goodidea!Great!太好啦!OK.好的供給幫助與應答：供給幫助。Can/May/CouldIhelpyou?需要我?guī)椭鷨?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?Wouldyoulikesometea?想喝點茶嗎?應答。Yes,Ican.動腦動手單元力量立體檢測913頁Ⅰ.要點分析：Pleasewriteitdown thispieceofpaper.in B.from C.by D.onThere alotofpeopleinthehouseamomentago.was B.were C.is D.are3.Mymotherisbusy thesupper.A.cook B.cooking C.cooks D.tocook4.Hewillbeback anhour.A.for B.on C.in D.atThedoorisopen.ButIremember it.A.close B.toclose C.closing D.closed6.There somericeandmeatinthebowljustnow.A.aneasyworkB.ahardworkA.aneasyworkB.ahardworkC.hardworksD.hardwork8.Pleaseaskhimtalkagain.A.notto B.don”t C.don”tto D.tonot9.CouldIhavesomeofyour (photo),please?10.Mytelephonenumber (be)7620796.【參考答案】D。表示“寫在紙上”用介詞on.考察therebeagoalotofpeople3.考察短語bebusydoing。考察表示將來一段時間，用介詞in?？疾靣emembertodorememberdoing，后者表示“記得做過某事C。句中時間狀語為justnow(剛剛)，因此時態(tài)應為過去時，A、Bbe用于現(xiàn)在時，可排解。聯(lián)合主語中離be動詞最近的一個somerice數(shù)形式，因此選C。D。work作名詞“工作”講，為不行數(shù)名詞，即不能用不定冠詞修飾，也沒有復數(shù)形式，只能選D。Aasksb.todosthtonot，即asksb.nottodosth.，因此選A。photos。英語中以o+ses，其中在無生命的詞sradiospianosphotosepotatoestomatoesNegroesheroesisthenumberofThenumberofthestudentsissixty.Ⅱ.用所給動詞的適當形式填空：1.Atrainwascomingnear (quick).2.They”refromGermany.Theyare (Germany).1013頁3.Mikecan”tworkouttheprolbem (easy).4.Thisismy (two)visittoAmerica.5.Wemustdrive whenitissnowing(care).6.Who (teach)youChineselastyear?7.Everyoneinourclass (watch)TVonSundays.8.When yoursister (buy)thisbike?9.Weneed (wear)warmclothesinwinter.10.Shewantedme (help)her.【參考答案】1.quickly 2.Germans 3.easily 4.second 5.carefully 6.taught7.watches 8.did,buy 9.(to)wear 10.tohelpⅢ.易混詞語釋疑：very,quite,too,much,muchtoo,verymuch1.That”s dear.Idon”twanttobuyit.2.Thisbookisthe bestofall.Sheis agoodgirl.Thethirdcakeisthebestofall,butit”s dear.5.Myapplesare biggerthanyours.6.HelikesEnglish .【參考答案】too或muchtoo 2.very 3.quite 4.too 5.much 6.verymuch。very,quite和muchtoo三者均有“很，格外，格外”的意思，既可修飾形容詞又可修muchtoovery,quitevery級、最高級(位于tootomuch副詞比較級或最高級(們于the)；verymuchtalkto,talkwith,talkabout1.Don”t eachotherinclass.thispicture.3.Ienjoy you.【參考答案】1.talkto或talkwith 2.talkabout 3.talkingto,withtalkto。三者表示“與??交談to可用withtalkaboutHereyouare./Hereitis.—Youhavetwopens.MayIborrowone,please?— .—MayIseeyourticket,please?—Certainly. .【參考答案】1.Hereyouare. 2.Hereitis.HereyouareHereitis.兩者都是“給你”的意思。Hereyouare.給的是你要的東西；Hereitis.是給的別人的那件東西，也就是特指的那件東西。(4)in,after,later1113頁1.Westaredout twoweeks.2.I”mcomingback aminute.3.Tendays ,hewenttoBeijing.【參考答案】after 2.in 3.later三個詞都有“在??之后”的意思，區(qū)分是：ingo,come,start,reach,finishafterafter具體時間時，謂語用將來時；later是副詞，不用來指從講話時刻算起的假設干時間之后，時間從上下文確定。lookfor,find,findout1.Ican”t mypen.Doyouknowwhereitis?Readthesedialoguesand aboutanotherkindoffootball.3.Ican”t myticket.Couldyouhelpme it,please?【參考答案】1.find 2.findout 3.find,lookforlookfofindfindoumore,somemore,morethanHehas EnglishbooksthanI.Wedon”thaveenoughfood.Let”sbuy thisafternoon.3.—Howlongwereyounotatschoollastyear?— twoweeks.【參考答案】1.more 2.somemore 3.Morethanmore是many,muchmoremuch(