八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法總復(fù)習(xí)

初二下英語重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)語法、句型、詞匯賓語從句考查要點(diǎn)位置連詞語序時(shí)態(tài)否定前移與疑問詞+todo的關(guān)系辨別：if/when;if/whether賓語從句的位置怎樣判斷出一個(gè)從句是賓語從句？1.在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(動(dòng)賓):

Doyouknow

wherehecomesfrom?劃線部分是動(dòng)詞know的賓語.2.在有些接雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語:Heasked

me

whenwewouldleave.此句中me與從句when-分別是ask的賓語。3.在介詞后作賓語(介賓)：Let’stalkabout

howwesolvethisproblem.4.在I’msorry…,I’mafraid…,I’msure…等結(jié)構(gòu)后的句子也被認(rèn)為是賓語從句.賓語從句的連詞1、主句+that（無詞義，可省略）+從句（陳述句語序）2、主句+whether/if（是否）+從句（陳述句語序）3、主句+疑問詞+從句（陳述句語序）疑問詞包括疑問代詞（what,which,who,whose)和疑問副詞（when,how,where,why)。

賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)

賓語從句需注意的時(shí)態(tài)問題:1.主句若是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)不同情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。Hesays(that)hewillhaveawalksoon.（soon指將來，從句用將來時(shí)）Theteacher

askswhoisthecleverestintheschool.（暗指目前誰最聰明，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)）Iwanttoknowwhocameherelatethismorning.（今早已過去，從句用過去時(shí)）2.主句若是一般過去時(shí)，從句也要用過去時(shí)。HewonderedifIwouldcome.Shetoldmethathersonhadgotwell.ShesaidthatshelikedwatchingTV.WethoughtJimwaswrong.3.無論主句是何時(shí)態(tài)，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Mr.Lisaidthemoonissmallerthantheearth.賓語從句的語序賓語從句無論有何引導(dǎo)詞，句子都要用陳述句語序。CouldyoutellmewhenyouwillgetbacktoWuhan?（不是willyou）Doyouknowwhichsweatersheiswearing?(不是isshe)辨別“when”的用法：“when”既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(1)“when”引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)譯為“何時(shí)，什么時(shí)候”。如：Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.我不知道他什么時(shí)候會(huì)來。(2)“when”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。如：Patientscanfinduseasilywhentheyareinneed.當(dāng)病人有需要時(shí)，他們能夠很容易地就找到我們。辨別“if”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)意為“是否”?！癷f”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從時(shí)，意為“如果”。如：（1）Iwanttoknowifit’spolitetosmokeduringamealinFrance.我想知道在法國吃飯時(shí)抽煙是否有禮貌。(2)Ifafatpersonentersyourshop,you’dbetteraskhimorhertoacoatinadarkcolor.如果有一個(gè)比較胖的人進(jìn)到你的店里，你最好讓他（她）試深色的衣服。辨別whether與if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，一般可以通用。但在下列情況下，whether不可換if。(1)Whether后面緊跟有ornot時(shí)。如：Idon’tknowwhetherornotitrains.我不知道是否會(huì)下雨。(2)whether用在帶有to的動(dòng)詞不定式之前。如：Pleasetelluswhethertogoorstay.請(qǐng)告訴我們是去還是留。疑問詞+不定式“疑問代詞或疑問副詞+不定式”相當(dāng)于名詞性短語，在句中作主語，賓語和表語。如：

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(作主語）Thequestionishowtocarryouttheplan.(作表語）Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptitornot.(作賓語）

這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以和賓語從句互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.練習(xí)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook. A.that B.how C.what D.if2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus. —HewillhelpuswithourEnglish. A.why B.when C.how D.where3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis. —Theysayheisateacher. A.what B.who C.which D.where4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers. A.thathow B.howthat C.whenthat D.thatwhen5.—Doyouknow_____I'mgoingtoseehim. —Sorry,Idon'tknow. A.wheredoesMr.Lilive B.wheredidMr.Lilive C.whereMr.Lilives D.whereMr.Lilived練習(xí)6.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer —Sorry,Ihavenoidea. A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.does;buy7.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning. A.whatthematteris B.whatiswrong C.whatthematterwas D.whatwrongwas8.—WhereisJack —Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____. A.that B.which C.where D.there否定前移在think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect等動(dòng)詞后跟賓語從句否定式時(shí)，應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上去。(注:否定前移的條件是，主句主語是第一人稱)eg.Idon‘tthinkyouareright.

Idon'tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.狀語從句…while+主語+bedoingthough/although與butbecause與sobecause與becauseofso…thatsothatsuch…thatas…as/not…so(as)…as主將從現(xiàn)狀語從句WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetyesterday,IsawaUFO.昨天我在街上散步的時(shí)候，看見了飛碟。Heransofastthatwecouldn’tfollowhim.

他跑得太快，我們跟不上。ThedeskissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.這張桌子太重，我搬不動(dòng)。Thebabyissoyoungthathecan’twalk.這個(gè)小孩太小，還不會(huì)走路。so…that…有時(shí)可以換成

“such＋a/an＋形容詞＋名詞”句型。ThebookissointerestingthatIreaditinonebreath.=ItissuchaninterestingbookthatIreaditinonebreath.當(dāng)名詞被many,much,little,few等修飾時(shí)，一般用so,而不用such。如：IhavesomuchworktodothatIhavenotimetorest.主將從現(xiàn)當(dāng)主句為將來時(shí)態(tài)或含有將來意義時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句習(xí)慣上要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時(shí)態(tài)。IwillcometoseeyouifIhavetime.我有時(shí)間，我就來看你。Iftherainstops,Ishallgooutforawalk.如果雨停了，我就出去散步。Doitbeforeyouforget.（祈使句）趁早動(dòng)手，免得忘了。Ifwerideatnight,weshouldhavelightsonthebicycleorwearlight-coloredclothes.（含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）如果在晚上騎車，我們應(yīng)該使用車燈或穿淺色的衣服。

動(dòng)詞不定式肯定式：todosth.否定式:nottodosth.省略to的不定式：聽觀感使讓幫，請(qǐng)最好不帶to為什么不呢？疑問詞+不定式：whattodo/howtodoitIt’s+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth.too…todosth.inordertodosth.allow/advisesb.(not)todosth.比較級(jí)much/alittle/even+比較級(jí)+than比較級(jí)+and+（同一）比較級(jí)moreandmore+多音節(jié)原級(jí)The+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)…最高級(jí)(the)+最高級(jí)+in/of短語oneofthe+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞并列結(jié)構(gòu)both…and…either…or…neither…nor…notonly…butalso…動(dòng)詞ing短語beworth/busydoinggoondoingstop…fromdoingfeellikedoinghavefundoingcan’thelpdoingavoiddoingfinishdoingenjoy/like/lovedoingbe/getusedtodoinglookforwardtodoingcomeintobeing詞義辨析cost/take/pay/spendreach/arrive/gettoother/another/theotherbeat/wintoo/also/either/aswell-ed/-ingforexample/suchasalone/lonelywish/hopebemadeof/bemadefrom形容詞與副詞的用法系動(dòng)詞+形容詞形容詞+名詞something+形容詞動(dòng)詞+副詞（-ly）形容詞/副詞+enough方位表達(dá)法不同介詞表達(dá)方位的用法：1.tothe+方位名詞+of…指互不接壤并互不管轄的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。JapanistotheeastofChina.（不接壤）2.inthe+方位名詞+of…指在某一范圍之內(nèi)的地區(qū)。BeijingisinthenorthofChina.（在內(nèi)部）3.onthe+方位名詞+of…指互相接壤但互不管轄的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。NorthKoreaisonthenortheastofChina.（接壤）詞的用法hardlywarnexceptstophappenenoughseemmakeanother()1.—Howmuchdidyou____buyingthenewbike? —Threehundredyuan. A.pay B.cost C.take D.spend()2.Kate’sgrandmotherlivesinahouse____,butshedoesn’tfeel____. A.alone;alone B.lonely;lonely C.alone;lonely D.lonely;alone()3.—What’sthematterwithTom?Heseems____sad. —Hispetdogdied. A.feel B.feels C.tofeel D.feeling()4.—Shallwegohikingthisweekend? —Sounds____. A.good B.well C.goodidea D.bad()5.—Thereis____withmywatch,soIdon’tknowthetime. —Letmehavealook. A.somethingwrong B.anythingwrong C.wrongsomething D.wronganything()6.TheweatherinBeijingisnot____good____thatinHainan. A.as;than B.so;as C.than;as D.as;so()7.—WhydoesJanefeelsoupset? —Shefailedtheexamandshehasnofriends____. A.talking B.talkingwith C.totalk D.totalkwith()8.Thelittlegirlfeltupset____herpetdogdied. A.why B.becauseof C.because D.what()9.Hismothergetsupat6:00a.m.everyday.Sheisusedto____earlytomakebreakfastforthefamily. A.getup B.gettingup C.getsup D.gotup()10.Thesoftmusicsounds____.Wearealllistening____. A.beautiful;carefully B.beautifully;carefully C.moving;careful D.happily;careful()11.—IthinkHelenstudiesEnglishas____asLucy. —Idon’tthinkso.Helenoftenmakesmistakes. A.careful B.carefully C.morecareful D.morecarefully()12.—Bethis____shygirlthatsheisalwaysafraid____inpublic. —Ithinksheshouldtalktoherfriendsfirst. A.asuch;speak B.sucha;ofspeaking C.aso;speak D.soa;ofspeaking()13.____Mr.Zhanggaveussomegoodsuggestions,westilldidn’tdealwiththoseproblems verywell. A.Though B.But C.Because D./()14.Mr.Liisill.LetMr.Wang____usinsteadofhim. A.toteach B.teach C.teaches D.taught()15.NewYorkisoneof____intheworld. A.thelargecities B.thelargecity C.thelargestcities D.thelargestcity()16.—What____news! —Yes,allofthechildrenwere____. A.excited;exciting B.exciting;excited C.excited;excited D.exciting;exciting()17.Helenis15yearsold,andJoanis15,too.SoHelenis____Joan. A.asbigas B.asolderas C.asoldas D.sooldas()18.Letmejust____thisandthenI’llgoswimmingwithyou. A.finish B.tofinish C.finishing D.finished()19.Tomdidn’tgohikingwithhisclassmates____hisillness. A.because B.becauseof C.as D.since()20.Mr.Limakesme____,becauseitisbadformyhealth. A.don’tsmoke B.notsmoke C.notsmoking D.nottosmoke()21.It’simpossibleforus____thereonfootintwohours. A.toget B.get C.getting D.got()22.—ThoughMikeis____boy,hecansaymanywords. —Howclever! A.an-one-year-old B.aone-year-old C.anone-yearold D.aone-yearold()23.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow? —Heaskedthem____themathproblem. A.discussing B.discussed C.todiscuss D.discuss()24.—Howmuchdidyournewcar____you? —￥800000. A.spend B.pay C.cost D.take()25.Theywilldecidewhether____themovieTheSoundofMusicatthecinema. A.see B.tosee C.seeing D.saw()26.—WhereisJapan,doyouknow? —It’s____theeastofChina. A.in B.at C.to D.on()27.—Marycan’thelp____thehouse.Why? —Becausesheisbusy____ahotelreservation. A.toclean;making B.cleaning;making C.cleaning;tomake D.toclean;tomake()28.MyfatherwaswatchingTV______mymotherwascooking. A.when B.until C.while D.assoonas()29.Mr.Green____gotobed____hefinishedhisworklastnight. A.does;until B.don’t;until C.didn’t;until D.isn’t;until()30.Theofficialwaslookingatapostcardsadly____hisworkmatecamein. A.while B.when C.after D.before()31.—I’msorrythatJohnisout. —Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe____. A.returned B.returns C.willreturn D.isreturning()32.—Thegirls____theboysinthatexcitingfootballmatch. —Howsurprising! A.win B.beat C.hit D.hurt()33.Shedidn’thavearestand____. A.continueworking B.goonworking C.wentontowork D.wentonworking()34.Jackisalittle____thanPeter. A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.thestrongest()35.Atlast,thetruckavoided____thetree. A.hit B.tohit C.hitting D.hits()36.LiLei’slegswere____inthetrafficaccidentyesterday. A.badlyhurt B.badhurt C.hurts D.hurtbad()37.MissLiwarnsus____loudlyintheclassroom. A.notspeak B.notspeaking C.nottospeak D.don’tspeak()381.Chinais____thewestofJapanand____theeastofAsia. A.in;to B.to;in C.on;to D.at;in()39.They____MissBrownattheairportwhenshearrivesthisafternoon. A.willmeet B.met C.meet D.meets()40.IthinkMikeis____studentinmyclass. A.morecareful B.themostcareful C.careful D.careless()41.Ifit____tomorrow,I____notgotherebybike. A.rained;will B.rains;will C.isgoingtorain;do D.rains;do()42.Assoonastheteachercamein,theboysstopped____. A.laugh B.tolaugh C.laughing D.laughed()43.Tommisseshisbrotherverymuchandheislookingforward____him. A.tohearfrom B.hearingfrom C.tohearingfrom D.heardfrom()44.—Whatbeautifulclothesyouarewearing!Theymustbeexpensive. —No.Theyonly____mefiftyyuan. A.cost B.spent C.paidfor D.took()45.WhenJaneheardthenews,shecouldn’thelp____. A.tocry B.cry C.cried D.crying()46.Myfatherdoesn’thavemuchmoney.Idon’thave,____. A.too B.also C.still D.either()47.—Mom,myclassmatesinvitedme____afieldtrip.MayIgowiththem? —OK. A.goon B.togoon C.goin D.togoin()48.Pleasebequick,orwewillhavenotime____havelunch. A.to B.in C.on D./()49.LiLeiisn’t____LiuMing. A.tallas B.astalleras C.astallas D.asthetalleras()50.Theoldmanlives____buthedoesn’tfeel____. A.lonely;alone B.alone;alone C.alone;lonely D.lonely;lonely()51.Itisnotright____inpublicplaces. A.smokes B.smoking C.smoked D.tosmoke()52.Shewillcallyouifshe____. A.goesto B.goback C.comeback D.comesback()53.Shedidn’tsingthesong____atthepartylastnight. A.enoughgood B.wellenough C.enoughwell D.goodenough()54.—ShallweinviteourEnglishteachertothefoodfestival? —That’sagoodidea!ButI____thinkshe____come. A.don’t;will B./;won’t C.won’t;will D.do;won’t()55.—CouldIhave____bottleofapplejuice,please? —Ofcourse.Hereyouare. A.another B.other C.theother D.others()56.Idon’tknow____it’spoliteornottoeatwithourarmsorelbowsonthetableinAmerica. A.if B.whether C.weather D.which()57.—IwanttoknowifBob____usinthediscussiontonight. —Ibelieveifhe____hishomework,hewilljoinus. A.willjoin;willfinish B.willjoin;finishes C.joins;finishes D.joins;willfinish()58.NotonlyyoubutalsoI____interestedintheEnglishsongYesterdayOnceMore.

A.am B.are C.was D.were()59.—Remember,everyone.____youstudy,____resultyou’llget. —Wegetit(明白),MissRead. A.Thebetter;theharder B.Theharder;thebetter C.Thehard;thebetter D.Theharder;thegood()60.Mylittlesisterlikessomesoftdrinks,____tea,milkandlemonade. A.forexample B.suchas C.lookslike D.islike()61.WithXuMing’shelp,ZhangLindoeshishomework____thanbefore. A.morecareful B.morecarefully C.muchcareful D.muchcarefully()62.Thisbookisveryinteresting,soitisworth____. A.read B.reading C.toread D.beread()63.Theteachersaidthatthemoon____aroundtheearth. A.went B.goes C.go D.isgoing()64.Whenyougotoadinnerparty,youshould____. A.speakquiet B.speakquietly C.speakfew D.spokequietly()65.Whichonegoes____,thecar,thetrainortheplane? A.fast B.thefastest C.fastest D.themostfast()66.Themenuhassomanygoodthings!Ican’tdecide____. A.whattoeat B.howtoeat C.wheretoeat D.whentoeat()67.____Lily____Millylikespizza.Theyoftensaypizzaisverydelicious. A.Either;or B.Neither;nor C.Notonly;butalso D.Both;and()68.Mr.Tongaskedus____beafraidof____theexam. A.to;have B.notto;have C.to;having D.notto;having()69.—How’stheweathertomorrow? —Idon’tknowifit____tomorrow. —Well,ifit____,Iwon’tgooutwithyou. A.willrain;willrain B.rains;rains C.rains;willrain D.willrain;rains()70.Thispurseismade____leather____France. A.of;by B.by;from C.from;in D.of;in()71.—Didyouseewhothedriverwas?—No,thecarransofast____Icouldn’thaveagoodlookathisface. A.that B.which C.as D.after()72.—DidMr.Whitetellyou____?—Yes.Hesaidhewenttherein2003. A.whenhetraveledtoTibet B.howhegoestoWuhan C.wherehespenthisholidays D.whydidhevisitKunming()73.Jimsaidthebook____veryinteresting. A.be B.is C.was D.are()74.Noneoftheshoesintheshopfitmewell.Theyare____toobig____toosmall. A.both;and B.either;or C.notonly;butalso D.not;but()75.Thepolicemanaskedthechild____sothathecouldtakehimhome. A.wheredidhelive B.where