中考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空 科普環(huán)保類一（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請(qǐng)※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………一、完型填空（共5題）1、Differentthingsusuallystandfordifferentfeelings.Red,forexample,isthecoloroffire,heat,bloodandlife.Peoplesayredisanexcitingandactivecolor.Theyassociate（使發(fā)生聯(lián)系）redwithastrongfeelinglike

1

.Redisusedforsignsof

2

,suchasSTOPsignsandfireengines.Orangeisthebright,warmcolorof

3

inautumn.Peoplesayorangeisa

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color.Theyassociateorangewithhappiness.Yellowisthecolorof__5__.Peoplesayitisacheerfulcolor.Theyassociateyellowtoo,withhappiness.Greenisthecoolcolorofgrassin__6__.Peoplesayitisarefreshingcolor.Ingeneral,people__7__twogroupsofcolors:warmcolorsandcoolcolors.Thewarmcolorsarered,orangeand__8__.Wheretherearewarmcolorandalotoflight,peopleusuallywanttobe__9__.Thosewholiketobewith__10_likered.Thecoolcolorsare__11_

andblue.Wheretherearethesecolors,peopleareusuallyworried.Somescientistssaythattimeseemsto__12_moreslowlyinaroomwithwarmcolors.Theysuggestthatawarmcolorisagood__13_

foralivingroomora__14_.Peoplewhoarehavingarestorareeatingdonotwanttimetopassquickly.__15

colorsarebetterforsomeofficesifthepeopleworkingtherewanttimetopassquickly.1.A.sadness

B.anger

C.administration

D.smile

2.A.roads

B.ways

C.danger

D.places

3.A.land

B.leaves

C.grass

D.mountains

4.A.lively

B.dark

C.noisy

D.frightening

5.A.moonlight

B.light

C.sunlight

D.stars

6.A.summer

B.spring

C.autumn

D.winter

7.A.speak

B.say

C.talkabout

D.tell

8.A.green

B.yellow

C.white

D.gray

9.A.calm

B.sleepy

C.active

D.helpful

10.A.theother

B.another

C.otherone

D.others

11.A.black

B.green

C.golden

D.yellow

12.A.goround

B.goby

C.gooff

D.goalong

13.A.one

B.way

C.fact

D.matter

14.A.factory

B.classroom

C.restaurant

D.hospital

15.A.Different

B.Cool

C.Warm

D.All2、Whodesigned(設(shè)計(jì))thefirsthelicopter(直升飛機(jī))?Who__1__ofthemostfamouspicturesintheworld?Whoknewmoreaboutthehumanbodythanmost__2__?Thereisananswer__3__allthese

questions---LeonardodeVinci(達(dá)芬奇).

Leonardomayhavebeenthegreatestgenius(天才)__4__haveeverknown.HelivedinItalyaroundtheyear1500,butmanyofhisinventionsseemmoderntoustoday.Forexample,oneofhisnotebookshasdrawingsofahelicopter.Ofcourse,hecouldn’t__5__ahelicopterwiththethingshehad.Butscientistssayhisideawouldhaveworked.

ButLeonardo__6__aninventor.Hewasoneofthegreatestartistsofhisday.Bythetimehewastwentyyearsold,hewascalledamaster(大師)painter,andashegotolderhebecame__7__morefamous.Sometimeshedrewahandtendifferentways__8__hewasreadytopaint.

ManyofLeonardo’swonderfulpaintingsarestillwith__9__today.Youmayknowoneofhismostfamousworksthe__10__womanknownastheMonaLisa.1.A.took

B.made

C.painted

D.invented

2.A.artists

B.doctors

C.painters

D.people

3.A.to

B.of

C.for

D.from

4.A.thescientists

B.theartists

C.theworld

D.people

5.A.draw

B.paint

C.work

D.build

6.A.wasjust

B.wasn’tjust

C.wasn’t

D.wasnolonger

7.A.less

B.no

C.even

D.very

8.A.before

B.after

C.because

D.when

9.A.him

B.us

C.them

D.you

10.A.interesting

B.crying

C.smiling

D.surprising3、閱讀下面短文，從短文后備題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！?019?山東淄博】Forthousandsofyears，peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.They___11___cloth,dyes(染料)andpaperfromplants.Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools.Peopleprogressedtomakingmachinespowered___12___waterandsteam(蒸汽),andevenlater,bycoal,oil,andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.Factories___13___ofmachinescreatedjobsinthecitiesforthousandsofpeople.

TheIndustrialRevolution(工業(yè)革命)changedthelivesofmanypeoplebecause,forthefirsttime,morepeoplelivedincitiesthanon___14___.Companiesbuiltpowerplants(工廠)tomake___15___torunthemachines，factoriesandcities.Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivitieswere___16___theEarth.Theydidn'trealizeoil,gas,coalandmineralswerebeingusedup___17___.

___18___citiesgrewbiggerandspreadacrosstheland.plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed(破壞)aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.Astimepassed,peoplebeganto___19___theneedtoprotecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources(資源).Theysawthatplantsandanimalsneededprotection，sotheywouldn'tdisappearforever.Peoplejoinedtogethertotell____20____aroundtheworldtoconserve(節(jié)約)ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth.Andso.EarthDaywasborn.

Eachyear，moreandmorepeopletakepartinEarthDay.Whatcanyoudotohelp?11.A.separated

B.washed

C.made

D.mixed12.A.as

B.for

C.with

D.by13.A.full

B.proud

C.sick

D.short14.A.mountains

B.rivers

C.grasslands

D.farms15.A.metal

B.water

C.electricity

D.oil16.A.helping

B.harming

C.wasting

D.losing17.A.clearly

B.hardly

C.quickly

D.slowly18.A.Before

B.If

C.As

D.Though19.A.forget

B.see

C.remember

D.get20.A.them

B.other

C.another

D.others4、閱讀下面短文，從短文后備題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThefirstastronautsSincetheearliesttimes,peoplehavelookedupatthestars,themoonandtheplanets.Todaypeopleusemodernmachines

16

atthesky.Thisisverydifferentfromthesituation

17

yearsagowhenpeoplecouldonlyusetheireyes.Perhapstheydreamedof

18

theuniverse.Whendidhumansfirstgointospace?Thestorybegannotsoverylongago,

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thefirstastronautswerenotpeople-theywereanimals.Scientistswantedtomaketravellingtospaceas

20

aspossibleforhumans.Sotheydecidedtoexperimentwithanimalsandtest

21

inspaceflights.Insects,mice,frogs,dogsandmonkeysweresomeoftheanimals

22

firstwentintospace.Manyofthem

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,buttheyhelpedtomakespacetravelsaferforhumans.Fortheirgreatservice,we

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forgettheseanimals.AlbertⅡwasthefirstmonkeytogointospacein1949.Sadlyhedied

25

hisspaceshiplandedbackonEarth.

26

theresultwasdifferentforHamtheMonkey.Hisstoryendedhappilywhenhereturnedtoearth

27

verygoodhealth.Scientistswantedtoknowtheanswertotheimportantquestion:could

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animallikeHamdothesamethingsinspaceashecoulddoonEarth?TheanswercamewhenHam

29

intospacein1961.Yes,hedideverythingwellandlivedfor

30

16years16.A.look

B.tolook

C.looking

D.looked17.A.thousand

B.thousands

C.thousandof

D.thousandsof18.A.explore

B.toexplore

C.explored

D.exploring19.A.as

B.or

C.but

D.so20.A.safe

B.safer

C.safest

D.thesafest21.A.they

B.them

C.their

D.theirs22.A.whom

B.what

C.that

D.whose23.A.die

B.died

C.havedied

D.willdie24.A.shouldn’t

B.maynot

C.don’thaveto

D.needn’t25.A.if

B.because

C.after

D.since26.A.Luck

B.Lucky

C.Luckier

D.Luckily27.A.at

B.on

C.in

D.for28.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./29.A.send

B.sent

C.issent

D.wassent30.A.another

B.other

C.others

D.theothers5、完形填空Howdidwehelptosaveourearththisweek?Letmetellyou.First,myfamilytriedtosaveelectricity(電).Weneverleftthelights

1

whenleavingtheroom.We

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theTVwhennobodywaswatchingit.Mumonlyusedcoldwaterinthewashingmachine.

Second,westartedrecyclingthisweek.Wetriedtowriteon

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ofourpaper,butnotjustononeside.Wealsodividedourrubbishinto

4

bagsforbottles,paperandfood.Mumkepttheplasticshoppingbags

fromthesupermarkettousethemagainasrubbishbags.

Third,myfamilystartedtosave

5

.Westopped

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longbathsandhadshortshowers(淋浴)

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.Wewashedtoiletwithusedwater.Mumanddadusedlesswatertodothewashing.MysisterandIdidn'tleave

thetap(龍頭)runningwhenwebrushedourteeth.

Atlast,mumanddadbegantosavegas(汽油).Mumusedto

8

ustoschool,butnowmysisterandIstartedridingourbikestoschool.It'shardwork

9

exercise!

Thisweekdadandafewofthepeopleinhiscompanyalsostartedtogotoworkinonecarandshare

the

10

.

Thesearegreatwaystohelpprotectourenvironment.1.A.out

B.on

C.off

D.behind2.A.turnedup

B.turnedon

C.turneddown

D.turnedoff3.A.anyside

B.allsides

C.neitherside

D.bothsides4.A.large

B.small

C.different

D.thesame5.A.electricity

B.food

C.water

D.paper6.A.touse

B.making

C.tohave

D.taking7.A.again

B.instead

C.already

D.too8.A.drive

B.order

C.show

D.carry9.A.or

B.but

C.for

D.and10.A.pay

B.value

C.cost

D.price============參考答案============一、完型填空1、1．B。根據(jù)上文的strongfeeling可知anger最合乎文意。

2．C。下文所列舉的例子STOPsigns和fireengines都屬于危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)，故選擇danger。

3．B。根據(jù)常識(shí)，黃色應(yīng)是秋天樹葉的顏色，故應(yīng)選leaves。

4．A。下文提到人們把黃色和幸福聯(lián)系起來(lái)，說(shuō)明黃色是一個(gè)充滿生機(jī)的顏色，故選lively。

5．C。下文提到黃色是令人愉快的顏色，根據(jù)常識(shí)太陽(yáng)光的顏色是黃色，故選sunlight。

6．B。綠色是春季里草的顏色，故選spring。

7．C。speak后面往往接某種語(yǔ)言作賓語(yǔ)；say后面常接說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容；tell的賓語(yǔ)一般是人；talkaboutsth.意為談?wù)撃呈挛?。故C為正確選項(xiàng)。

8．B。根據(jù)上文對(duì)yellow的解釋。說(shuō)明yellow也屬于warmcolor。

9．C。與下文喜歡冷色調(diào)的人相對(duì)應(yīng)，再根據(jù)上文對(duì)各種暖色調(diào)的選擇，active合乎文意為正確選項(xiàng)。

10．D。others相當(dāng)于otherpeople意為“別的人”。another指“另一個(gè)”。otherone不可單獨(dú)使用，theotherone指“另外的一個(gè)”。

11．A。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有black可歸納到冷色調(diào)當(dāng)中去。

12．B。goaround意為“到處走動(dòng)”；gooff意為“離開，爆炸”；goalong意為“前進(jìn)，進(jìn)行”；goby意為“走過(guò)，流逝”。根據(jù)文意，應(yīng)選goby。

13．B。way根據(jù)上文，暖色調(diào)的環(huán)境下時(shí)間似乎過(guò)得更慢，說(shuō)明暖色調(diào)是用來(lái)裝飾居室和飯館的好方法，故選擇way。

14．C。比較四個(gè)場(chǎng)所只有飯館適合使用暖色調(diào)。

15．B。與暖色調(diào)相對(duì)立，冷色調(diào)適用于辦公室，以使人感覺時(shí)間過(guò)得比較快2、1．C。為了引出話題人物━━達(dá)?芬奇，這里引用了設(shè)問(wèn)手法，問(wèn)題應(yīng)表示“是誰(shuí)畫了世界上最著名的畫”，故選擇動(dòng)詞painted。

2．B。對(duì)人體比較了解的莫過(guò)于醫(yī)生了，將達(dá)?芬奇與醫(yī)生相比才能顯示其對(duì)人體的精通。故選擇doctors。

3．A。介詞to常表示一一對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系，“問(wèn)題的答案”習(xí)慣表達(dá)為ananswertoaquestion。

4．D。達(dá)?芬奇應(yīng)是世人所知道的天才中最偉大的人，theworld一般指每個(gè)人，相當(dāng)于第三人稱單數(shù)，故people為正確選項(xiàng)。

5．D。draw和paint不合文意,work為不及物動(dòng)詞，不能直接接賓語(yǔ)。在那個(gè)時(shí)代，達(dá)?芬奇所不能做的應(yīng)是制造飛機(jī)，故選擇build。

6．B。這一句起承上啟下的作用，意為“達(dá)?芬奇不僅僅是一名發(fā)明家”，故選擇wasn’tjust。

7．C。less和no不合文章，very不能用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，而even常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，意為“甚至更……”，故為正確選項(xiàng)。

8．A。為了使自己的畫達(dá)到最高境界，應(yīng)在畫這幅畫之前去嘗試不同的畫法，所以應(yīng)選before。

9．B。達(dá)?芬奇的畫今天依然保存在世，為本文作者以及讀者所共享，所以應(yīng)選us。

10．C。達(dá)?芬奇的名作━━MonaLisa以畫中人物面部神秘的微笑而名揚(yáng)天下，故選smiling。3、【短文大意】這篇短文主要講述了是人類的活動(dòng)給地球帶來(lái)了危害，現(xiàn)在人們?cè)絹?lái)越意識(shí)到保護(hù)地球的重要性。11.句意：他們用植物做布、染料和紙。A.separated分離；B.washed洗；C.made制作；D.mixed混合。根據(jù)上文Forthousandsofyears，peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.可知下文是制作布料，燃料和紙張。根據(jù)題意，故選C。12.句意：人們開始制造由水和蒸汽驅(qū)動(dòng)的機(jī)器，甚至后來(lái)又發(fā)展到由煤、油和汽油驅(qū)動(dòng)的機(jī)器。A.as作為；B.for為了；C.with帶有，具有；D.by通過(guò)。根據(jù)下文andevenlater,bycoal,oil,andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.可知上文是用介詞by。根據(jù)題意，故選D。13.句意：滿是機(jī)器的工廠為數(shù)千人在城市創(chuàng)造了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。A.full滿的；B.proud驕傲的；C.sick生病的；D.short短的。這里是充滿的意思，fullof…充滿，根據(jù)題意，故選A。14.句意：住在城市的人比住在農(nóng)場(chǎng)的人多。A.mountains山脈；B.rivers河水；C.grasslands草原；D.farms農(nóng)場(chǎng)。根據(jù)上文morepeoplelivedincities可知下文是說(shuō)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。根據(jù)題意，故選D。15.句意：公司建造發(fā)電廠來(lái)發(fā)電，以運(yùn)行機(jī)器、工廠和城市。A.metal金屬；B.water水；C.electricity電；D.oil油。根據(jù)下文torunthemachines，factoriesandcities.可知上文是發(fā)電。根據(jù)題意，故選C。16.句意：人們沒有意識(shí)到這些活動(dòng)正在傷害地球。A.helping幫助；B.harming有害；C.wasting浪費(fèi)；D.losing失去。根據(jù)上文Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivities可知下文是在傷害地球。根據(jù)題意，故選B。17.句意：他們沒有意識(shí)到石油、天然氣、煤炭和礦產(chǎn)正迅速被消耗殆盡。A.clearly清晰地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.quickly快速地；D.slowly慢地。這里是說(shuō)快速地用完。根據(jù)題意，故選C。18.句意：隨著城市規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和遍布全國(guó)。動(dòng)植物開始消失。A.Before在……之前；B.If如果；C.As當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；隨著；D.Though通過(guò)。根據(jù)下文plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed(破壞)aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.可知，這里是當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；隨著。根據(jù)題意，故選C。19.句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，人們開始意識(shí)到保護(hù)地球及其自然資源的必要性。A.forget忘記；B.see看見；C.remember記?。籇.get得到。根據(jù)下文protecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources(資源)可知這里是說(shuō)開始看到。根據(jù)題意，故選B。20.句意：人們聯(lián)合起來(lái)告訴世界各地的其他人們保護(hù)我們的自然資源和保護(hù)地球。A.them他們；B.other

其他的；C.another另一個(gè)；D.others別的，其他的，代詞。根據(jù)下文aroundtheworldtoconserve(節(jié)約)ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth可知，這里是說(shuō)全世界的其他人們。根據(jù)題意，故選D。4、【文章大意】人類對(duì)太空的研究始于幾千年前，那時(shí)科學(xué)還很落后，人們只能用肉眼觀察天空?，F(xiàn)在人類有了現(xiàn)代化的技術(shù)，他們對(duì)太空有了更多的了解。那么人類第一次進(jìn)入太空是什么時(shí)候呢？其實(shí)在人類進(jìn)入太空之前，科學(xué)家們先用很多動(dòng)物進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)，保證人類太空旅行的安全。16.B句意：現(xiàn)在人們使用現(xiàn)代的機(jī)器來(lái)看天空。look看，動(dòng)詞原形；tolook動(dòng)詞不定式；looking動(dòng)名詞形式；looked是過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞形式。根據(jù)句意可知，空后表示usemodernmachines的目的，＂為了看天空＂，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，選B。17.D句意：這與幾千年前的情況不同，那時(shí)人們只能用眼觀察天空。thousand千，數(shù)量單位；thousands復(fù)數(shù)形式；thousandof形式錯(cuò)誤；thousandsof成千上萬(wàn)的，固定短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意和空后的years可知，這個(gè)空修飾后面的名詞，故應(yīng)選D。18.D句意：也許他們夢(mèng)想著探索宇宙。explore探索，動(dòng)詞原形；toexplore動(dòng)詞不定式；explored過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞；exploring動(dòng)名詞。句中使用了短語(yǔ)dreamof，意為＂夢(mèng)想……＂，后跟名詞或者動(dòng)名詞形式。故應(yīng)選D。19.A句意：這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在不久前，因?yàn)榈谝慌詈絾T不是人—它們是動(dòng)物。as因?yàn)?；作為；?dāng)……時(shí)候；or或者；否則；but但是；so因此，所以。根據(jù)句意可知，空后這句話解釋前面Thestorybegannotverylongago，故用as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，選A。20.A句意：科學(xué)家們想要使人們的太空旅行盡可能地安全。safe安全的，形容詞；safer更安全的，形容詞比較級(jí)；safest最安全的，形容詞最高級(jí)；thesafest最高級(jí)。句中使用了短語(yǔ)as…aspossible，＂盡可能……＂，兩個(gè)as之間用形容詞的原級(jí)，故選A。21.B句意：所以他們決定用動(dòng)物做實(shí)驗(yàn)，并在太空飛行中對(duì)它們進(jìn)行測(cè)試。they他們，它們，人稱代詞主格形式；them他們，它們，人稱代詞賓格形式；their他們的，它們的形容詞性物主代詞；theirs名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前test是動(dòng)詞，該空是它的賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用賓格形式，選B。22.C句意：昆蟲、老鼠、青蛙、狗和猴子是最早進(jìn)入太空的一些動(dòng)物。whom關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)；what什么；不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；that關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞可以為人，也可以為物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；whose…的，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞someoftheanimals，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)選C。23.B句意：很多動(dòng)物都死了，但是它們幫助使太空旅行對(duì)人類更安全。die死，動(dòng)詞原形；died過(guò)去式；havedied現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；willdie一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)文意可知，從第二段開始，作者講述了科學(xué)家們過(guò)去對(duì)太空