常用詞的用法3

UnitThreeCall,calm,can,care,carve,case,catch,cause,celebrate,certain,chance,character,charge,check,choice,choose,civil,close,coast,collision,come,comfort,command,common,compare,compete,complain,complete,concern,condition,confident,confuse,conclusion,conscious,consider,consist,consult,contact,contain,continue,contribute,convenient,convey,convince,couple,cover,create,crowd,curious,custom,cut.call

call叫、喊、電話、通話、稱呼、取名、叫喊、打電話、拜訪。短語(yǔ)：

make/payaformalcall(onsomebody)進(jìn)行一次正式訪問(wèn)；returnsomebody’scall回訪某人；answerthecalloftheParty響應(yīng)黨的號(hào)召；payavisittosomebody/somewhere=callonsomebody/callatsomewhere拜訪某人、參觀某地；hearacallforhelp聽(tīng)到呼救聲；callforth招致；calloff/away取消；callonsomebodyforasong請(qǐng)某人唱首歌；callsomebodybythename叫某人的名字；callonsomebodyforananswer讓（叫）某人回答；callaftername照……取名；call(out)tosomebody高聲喊叫某人；callinsomebody請(qǐng)某人；callby順路拜訪；callup召喚、召集、想起、給……打電話；calloneself自稱；WhatdoyoucallthisinEnglish?這用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)；calltheroll點(diǎn)名；callsomebodynames謾罵某人（當(dāng)對(duì)一個(gè)人說(shuō)：callyour/his/hernames時(shí)，callnames意為“罵人”）；callup/ringup/phone(up)/make(give)somebodyacall/calltosomebody打電話給某人；callback=ringback回電話；ringoff=hangupthephone掛斷電話；holdon不要掛斷電話；answerthephone接電話；callsomebodytothephone叫某人聽(tīng)電話；getthrough打通電話；bewantedonthephone請(qǐng)接電話（有電話）；give/receiveacallfromsomebody接到某人的電話；callmea電我；用法：（1）、call不能跟帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：callhertocome；（2）、name與becalled連用，意思重復(fù)。如：ThenameofthisboyiscalledTom.（3）、call(不用：up)youroffice給你的辦公室打電話。（4）、ImetwithastrangercalledhimselfTom(改為：callinghimselfTom)自稱；類似的：amancalled/named/withthename/bythenameof/callinghimselfTom.比較：（1）、callfor需要(=askfor/need)、到某人所在地去接某人(=picksomebodyup)。如：We’llcallforyouonourwaytotheconcert.sendfor派人去請(qǐng)某人、派人去取某物。如：Wehavesentforadoctor.callin也可表達(dá)請(qǐng)某人。如：Wemustsendfor/callinadoctoratonce.(2)、callonsomebody=visitsomebody=payavisittosomebody拜訪、訪問(wèn)某人，較正式，常指進(jìn)行短暫的訪問(wèn)，一般指社交或公務(wù)的訪問(wèn)。如：Hecalledonhisbossthismorning.callon還有“邀請(qǐng)、號(hào)召”之意。如：callon(somebodytodosomething)=choosesomebodytodosomething/invitesomebodytodosomething號(hào)召某人做某事。callatsomewhere=visitsomewhere=payavisittosomewhere參觀某地。visit表示正式的拜訪、訪問(wèn)，常表示逗留時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，可指友好的或社交性的訪問(wèn)，也可指因職務(wù)關(guān)系而進(jìn)行的訪問(wèn)。如：YesterdaysomeGermanfriendsvisitedourcity.dropinonsomebody順路來(lái)訪或偶然拜訪某人，是非正式訪問(wèn)。如：Theydroppedinonmelastnight.dropinatsomewhere參觀某地。see表示拜訪、訪問(wèn)，為最常見(jiàn)用詞。如：Whenwillyoucomeandseeme?callround來(lái)訪、作短暫逗留、叫（出租車(chē)等）；①Tom___meat7:30yesterday.A.calledatB.calledonC.droppedinD.droppedat②Themusic___thehappydayswhichtheyspenttogetherintheiryouth.A.callsonB.callsatC.callsupD.callsback③Whatdidyoudolastweekend?I___thePalmers’andhadagoodtimewiththefamily.A.calledonB.paidavisitC.calledatD.visitedto④Itriedtocallhishome,butnooneansweredthephone.Whynot___atwork?A.callinghimonB.callinghimupC.callonhimD.calluphim⑤Someone___inthemiddleofthenightbuthehungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.A.calledonB.calledupC.calledoffD.calledatBBCCC⑥Theproblem___closeattentionandcarefulthought.A.callsforB.callsinC.callsatD.callson⑦I’mwaitingformybrother’scarto___me.A.pickupB.callforC.driveD.callon⑧WillsomebodygoandgetDrWhite?He’salreadybeen___.A.askedforB.sentforC.calledforD.lookedfor⑨It’sbadmannersto___.A.callother’snameB.callothers’nameC.calltheeldernameD.calltheelderbyname⑩Mysisterisatypistataforeignfirm.Iknowthissortofwork___skillandspeed.A.asksforB.callsforC.looksforD.waitsforABBBDcalm

calm平靜的、鎮(zhèn)靜的、沉著的、（使）鎮(zhèn)定。反義詞：angry/excited；短語(yǔ)：calmsomebodybydoingsomething做某事使某人安靜下來(lái)；calmdown使平靜下來(lái)；keep/remaincalm保持冷靜；用法：表示從激動(dòng)、驚嚇等狀態(tài)中靜下來(lái)用calmdown，不用calm。不說(shuō)：becomecalm/havebeencalm；比較：calm安靜，常用來(lái)形容天氣、海洋等的平靜環(huán)境。如修飾人，帶有使某人自己鎮(zhèn)靜、處之泰然、心平氣和等含義。如：Hetalkedwithmeinacalmvoice.quiet安靜，強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境處于沒(méi)有吵鬧聲的寂靜狀態(tài)，也可用于人，強(qiáng)調(diào)性情溫和、安靜的性格。如：MrBrownisaquietyoungman.silent寂靜，強(qiáng)調(diào)不出聲，一言不發(fā)。如：Besilent！still寂靜、不動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)完全沒(méi)有聲音或動(dòng)作上靜止，當(dāng)用于人時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)外表無(wú)動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心世界的安寧。如：Thenightwasverystill.still與動(dòng)詞搭配表示靜止含義的有：keep/lie/stand/sitstill；noiseless聲音很輕的、無(wú)聲的，常用來(lái)形容機(jī)器。如：Ifonlyplaneswerenoiseless.用calm,quiet,still和silent的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Let’sgoand_____yourangrybrotherdown.②Thoughitwasdangerous,heremained_____.③Theymovedtothecountrysideandliveda_____life.④Ipreferreading______toreadingaloud.⑤Shekept_____aboutthematterandnooneelseknewit.⑥Askthechildrentokeep_____;it’stoonoisy.⑦Youshouldkeep_____whileItakeaphotoofyou.calmcalmquietquietsilentsilentlystillcan

can能夠、可以、可能、會(huì)、罐。短語(yǔ)：cannothelpbutdosomething不得不；can+否定詞+toocareful怎么小心也不為過(guò)；cannotbut不得、只得；cannothelp禁不?。挥梅ǎ海?）、在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)用can，不用其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。（2）、若指過(guò)去某時(shí)或某種場(chǎng)合經(jīng)過(guò)努力而設(shè)法做到某事或做成功某事只能用was/wereableto，不能用could。(3)在否定句中，can既可用來(lái)表示一般能力，也可用來(lái)指某一具體的能力，這時(shí)可與beableto互換。如：Hecouldn’t/wasn’tabletospeakEnglishwhenhewasyoung.（4）can,could,may,might,should,would,haveto都可用來(lái)表示推測(cè)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加havedone，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。1）、can用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。2）、could用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句，could比can推測(cè)的把握更小。3）、may用于肯定句、否定句，不用于疑問(wèn)句。4）、might用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句，might比may表示推測(cè)時(shí)的可能性更小。5）、must只用于肯定句，表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的肯定推測(cè)，所說(shuō)的情況是事實(shí)或基本接近事實(shí)；must之后的動(dòng)詞原形往往是be,have,love,like,hate等少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)行式和完成式中的動(dòng)詞類型不受限制。①I(mǎi)wenttotheseasideandspentawholedayonthebeachwithmyfriends.Oh,you___yourselvessincetheseasonwasfitforatrip.A.mustenjoyB.musthaveenjoyedC.shouldhaveenjoyedD.needhaveenjoyed②Look!Thegroundiswetallover.Itmust___lastnight,___it?A.haverained;didn’tB.rain;didn’tC.haverained;mustn’tD.rained;can’t③Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.It___acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen④WhereisMary?Isawherinthelibraryamomentago.She___there.A.shouldhavebeenB.mustbeC.canbeD.musthavebeen⑤YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she___somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid⑥Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags___beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.willBBBADDcare

care小心、謹(jǐn)慎、注意、關(guān)心、介意。短語(yǔ)和句型：careabout在乎、關(guān)心；careof(縮寫(xiě)c/o)由……轉(zhuǎn)交；leave…insomebody’scare把……交給某人照管；withcare小心；takecaretodosomething記著做某事；takecareof照顧、保管；havethebestofcare受到無(wú)微不至的關(guān)懷；underthecareofsomebody由某人管理；inone’scare在某人照顧下；withthebestofcare以最大的謹(jǐn)慎；givemorecaretosomething=paymoreattentiontosomething多加注意某事；1)、Wouldyoucareforawalk?對(duì)……有所愛(ài)好（不用于肯定句）；2)、caretodosomething愿意做某事；3)、Hecarednothingforboxing；4)、Theydidn’tcareif/whetheritrainedornot；用法：（1）、carefor作“喜歡”講時(shí)，多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句、條件句中，不能用于肯定句和被動(dòng)句中。但作“照顧”講時(shí)，可用于被動(dòng)句（=lookafter），也常用于肯定句。（2）、carefor關(guān)心的對(duì)象一般是人，beconcernedabout關(guān)心的對(duì)象是人或事物。（3）、careto主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和表示條件的從句中。如：Ifyoucaretogo,Iwillgowithyou.（4）、Idon’tcare后通常接尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在結(jié)構(gòu)上通常接不定式或about+賓語(yǔ)或care+從句，表示“介意、計(jì)較”之意。（5）、修飾care用great，修飾careful用greatly比較：（1）、takecare,becareful和lookout都意為“當(dāng)心、小心”，是表示警告的交際用語(yǔ)。lookout語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，往往用于某種緊急的情況或可能出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)的場(chǎng)合，只用在祈使句中。如：Lookout!Thecariscoming.takecare語(yǔ)氣弱一些，多用于對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的不測(cè)做出預(yù)先的警告。如：Theytookgreatcaretomaketheworkaperfectone.becareful是一般的警告用語(yǔ)，可用于各種場(chǎng)合。如：Hewascarefulnottotellittoothers.（2）、在表示“喜歡、關(guān)心、照顧”時(shí)，carefor與careabout意思和用法基本一樣在。在表示“介意、在乎”時(shí)，只用careabout，特別是后跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，不用carefor。在表示較客氣、委婉的“要不要……”時(shí)，用carefor。如：Wouldyoucareforsometea?（3）、care指出于對(duì)某人的鐘愛(ài)或出于某種責(zé)任心而涉及到的關(guān)心。如：Thewoundedhavethebestofcareinthehospital.careabout或接從句，表示“在乎、關(guān)心”。如：Hedoesn’tcareaboutotherpeople.concern指更加理智的、較少感情的、自覺(jué)表示的，并不缺少冷漠而喚起的關(guān)心。如：Theyareverymuchconcernedaboutthefutureoftheircountry.mind本身有否定意味，用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句中，是“反對(duì)、介意、不喜歡”之意，后接動(dòng)名詞或whether,if從句。如：Wouldyoumind(my)openingthewindow?(4)、takecareof照顧、照料，側(cè)重于負(fù)責(zé)任，后接人或物。如：Hecantakecareofyourbaby.lookafter強(qiáng)調(diào)看管或照料，后可接事物名詞，但多數(shù)情況下是人或動(dòng)物的名詞。如：Youmustlookafteryourself.①Peterthoughtthematterhadnothingtodowithhim,sohe___nothing___it.A.knew;byB.cared;ofC.cared;aboutD.cared;with②Ongettingtothekindergarten,themotherwasgladtoseeherbabywell___.A.lookedforB.caredforC.takecareofD.caredafter③___youdon’tbreakit.Youknowglassbreakseasily.A.TakecareB.TakecareofC.CareforD.Care④Firstaidisthescienceofgivingmedical___toapersonbeforeadoctorcanbefound.A.foodB.attentionC.protectionD.care⑤Everyoneshould___careofthetrees,andanybodywho___theruleswillbepunished.A.take;makesB.take;breaksC.takes;breakD.break;takes⑥Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome___Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where⑦Theseyoungtreesshould___.A.takegoodcareB.takegoodcareofC.betakengoodcareofD.betakengoodcare⑧Hislifewasdevotedto___thesickandneedy.A.careaboutB.careforC.caringofD.caringforCCCBBDDAcarry

carry運(yùn)送、搬運(yùn)、攜帶。短語(yǔ)：carryoff奪走；carrythrough使渡過(guò)難關(guān)；carryback拿回、使回想；carryon(withsomething)繼續(xù)開(kāi)展、繼續(xù)下去；carryout=putintopractice進(jìn)行、開(kāi)展、執(zhí)行、完成；carryaboyonone’sback背孩子；carrythenewstosomebody把消息告訴某人；carryaway使失去理智、拿走；用法：carry攜帶、搬運(yùn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)某物從甲地移至乙地，帶有物體隨身移動(dòng)，但無(wú)固定方向之意。另外空氣、電、水?dāng)y帶物也用carry。①I(mǎi)twasnotlongbeforetheyfoundthattherewasmuchtrouble___theplan.A.tocarryoutB.carryingoutC.withcarryingoutD.tohavecarriedout②Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee___thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout③Theunderground___morepassengersthanthebuses.A.bringsB.takesC.fetchesD.carriesBCDcarve

carve刻、雕刻。短語(yǔ)：carveoutone’s/away開(kāi)辟道路；carveup瓜分、劃分；carveone’snameonapen把名字刻在鋼筆上；The___potshowedthatthe___ofhumankindinChinaisveryhighinancient___.A.carve;civilize;timesB.carved;civilization;timesC.carved;civilized;timesD.carved;civilization;timeBcase

case箱子、盒子、情況、狀況。短語(yǔ)：innocase決不；inanycase無(wú)論如何；incase(that)萬(wàn)一；inthatcase=ifthathappens假如那樣的話；Thecasewithhimisquitedifferent他的情況十分不同；ingoodcase狀況良好；casehistory病歷；.比較：incaseof萬(wàn)一……時(shí)、萬(wàn)一，后跟名詞、代詞，常用在不好的事上或通知中，可用于和if相似的場(chǎng)合中。如：incaseoffire(=ifthereisafire),ringthealarmbell.incase以防、如果、萬(wàn)一，后跟從句，若用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)中，時(shí)態(tài)正常處理；但若用于過(guò)去時(shí)句子中，incase后通常接should引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：IpackedaswimsuitincaseIhecaseof就……來(lái)說(shuō)、至于，后跟名詞、代詞。如：Inthecourseofachemicalchange,somenewsubstanceisproduced①___Iforget,pleaseremindmeofmypromise.A.EvenifB.AlthoughC.IncaseD.Inspiteof②Johnmayphonetonight,Idon’twanttogoout___hephones.A.aslongasB.inorderthatC.incaseD.sothat③Idon'tthinkI'llneedanymoneybutI'llbringsome

．A．a(chǎn)tlast B．incaseC．onceagainD．intime④Johnmayphonetonight,Idon’twanttogoout___hephones.A.aslongasB.inorderthatC.incaseD.sothat⑤Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor___youlockyourselfoutoneday.A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incaseCCCBDcatch

catch接住、捉住、趕上、患（病）。短語(yǔ)和句型：catchat設(shè)法抓?。籧atchon受人歡迎、理解；catchsomebodyout發(fā)覺(jué)某人的錯(cuò)誤；catchon變得流行、理解；catchsomebodyred-handed當(dāng)場(chǎng)捉住某人；be/getcaughtin被困住、突然遭遇上（風(fēng)暴、雨等）；catch/takefire著火；catchafever發(fā)燒；catchsomebody’sattention/eye引起某人的注意；catch(a)cold感冒（不能與表示段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用）；catchsomebodybythearm抓住某人的手臂（不用物主代詞，類似的詞：seize,grasp,pull,shake,take等）；1)、catchthethief；2)、catchsomebodydoingsomething發(fā)現(xiàn)（發(fā)覺(jué)）某人正在做某事；3)、catchin/becaughtin/bytherain淋雨；4)、Ididn’tquitecatchwhatyousaid；用法：catch作不及物動(dòng)詞，作“掛住、鉤住、絆住、理解”講時(shí)，后跟介詞on。比較：(1)、catch趕上，指及時(shí)趕到，一般接train,bus等交通工具作賓語(yǔ)，含有“不誤點(diǎn)”之意。如：Iwanttocatchone-thirtytrain.catchupwith趕上，指趕上向同一方向行進(jìn)的人，引申為在某一方面趕上別人。如：We’llsparenoefforttocatchupwiththeadvancedindustrialcountries.keepupwith跟上。如：Wemustkeepupwiththerapidlydevelopingsituation.miss錯(cuò)過(guò)、趕不上。如：Shemissedtheearlybusthismorning.(2)、seize捉、抓住，指突然用強(qiáng)力捉住或抓住。也可指“抓住時(shí)間、機(jī)會(huì)”。如：Theyseizedthethiefandgavehimtothepoliceman.grasp抓住，指緊緊地抓?。ňo握），可引申為“掌握、領(lǐng)會(huì)、了解”等。如：Hegraspedmymeaning.catch抓住，常指從空中抓住某物，又指捕捉等。如：Theycaughtlotsoffishyesterday.catchat去抓、想抓，含有“不一定抓到”之意。hold指手指握住。如：Iheldhimbythehand.take/get/catchholdof捉住、抓住某物不放手。如：Take/Get/Catchholdoftherope,anddon’tletgoyourhold(不要松手)。①___inthesnow,ourcarcouldn’tmoveawayanyfurther.A.HavingbeencatchingB.CaughtC.BeingcaughtD.Havingcaught②Heandhisfriends___inthestormandwere___.A.gotcatching;indangerB.werecaught;indangerC.gotcaught;dangerousD.werebeingcaught;indanger③IfIcatchyou___again,Ishallmake___inafterschool___someextrawork.A.cheat;stay;todoB.cheating;stay;todoC.cheating;read;havingD.reading;play;doingBBBcause

cause原因、起因、引起、使產(chǎn)生、使發(fā)生。短語(yǔ)和句型：causetroubleto/forpeople=causepeopletrouble給帶來(lái)麻煩；makecommoncausewith與……聯(lián)合、合作；thecauseofthefire/thereasonforthefire火災(zāi)的原因；havenocausefor/tosomething沒(méi)有理由做某事；withoutcause無(wú)故、無(wú)理由地；foronecauseoranother由于這樣那樣的原因；causeandeffect因果；1)、causesomebodymuchpain使某人感到疼痛；2)、cause(=make)thevegetablepricetogoup使蔬菜價(jià)格上漲；3)、causethebabytocry使小孩哭；4)、causeanewhousetobebuilt=haveanewhousebuilt建新房子；用法：（1）、名詞causefor后接表示憂慮、埋怨、驚恐等感情的詞。如：causeforanger/regret/anxiety/complaint。causeof后接感覺(jué)以外的名詞。如：causeofthedelay/noise/fighting/disaster（災(zāi)難的原因）。（2）、cause后不可接人稱代詞加形容詞，也不用動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)，要用不定式。如：causemehappy改為：causemetobehappy或makemehappy；（3）、cause作“原因、起因、事業(yè)”講時(shí)，后用of，如：thecauseofthewar/communism；cause(reason)作“理由”講時(shí)，后用for，如：thecauseforanxiety；比較：cause指推理上的理由，即是說(shuō)明一種看法或行為的理由。如：Thecauseofthefirewascarelessness.reason指客觀存在的原因，即是造成一種事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的原因。如：Givemeyourreasonforrefusing.effect結(jié)果、影響、效果，反義詞是cause。如：Doyouthinkthemedicinewillhaveanyeffect?result成績(jī)（用復(fù)數(shù)）、結(jié)果。如：Theresultwasquiteunexpected.①Onlywhenwegetridofthe___ofwarcanwegetridofwaritself.A.effectB.benefitC.reasonD.cause②Hesaidhewouldn’tgowithus.Buthepromised.What___himtochangehismind?A.madeB.keptC.ledD.caused③Doyouthinkthechangewill___usdifficultyinwork?A.addtoB.causeC.bringinD.make④Anearthquakestruckthisarea,___alotofdamage.A.makingB.causingC.doneD.caused⑤Thislittleboyisthe___allthetrouble.A.causeofB.reasonofC.causeforD.reasonfor⑥Carelessdriving___alotofhighwayaccidents.A.affectsB.makesC.causesD.resultsDDBBACcelebrate

celebrate慶祝。短語(yǔ)：celebrateavictory慶祝勝利；celebration慶祝、慶祝會(huì);incelebrationof慶祝；hold/haveacelebration舉行慶祝會(huì)；forthecelebration為了祝賀、以慶祝；①Thewholefamilyheldagrandparty___hisreturn.A.tocongratulateB.incelebrationofC.celebratedD.inordertocelebrateon②——Mydaughterhaspassedtheexam．——Congratulations！She’sreallyintelligent．——______A．No，no，sheisnothingB．Oh，thankyou！C．Sometimessheisintelligent． D．Youareright．③We___hispassingthecollegeentranceexam.A.congratulatedhimonB.celebratedhimonC.congratulatedD.celebratedhimfor④Thepress___hisbravenessinfightingthethief.A.congratulatedB.celebratedC.congratulationsD.celebrationBBBAcertain

certain某種、一定的、確定的、無(wú)疑的。短語(yǔ)和句型：becertain(作表語(yǔ))一定的、確信的、必然的；makecertain弄清楚；Heiscertainofsuccess=Heiscertainthathe’llsucceed他一定會(huì)成功；forcertain肯定地；acertainfactory某家工廠；forcertain有把握地、肯定地；1)、becertainof/about對(duì)……有把握；2)、becertaintodosomething一定會(huì)做某事；3)、Itiscertainthat…一定會(huì)；4)、I’m/wearenotcertainwhether/if/what從句；用法：I’m/wearenotcertain后跟whether/if/what等引導(dǎo)的從句，不跟that從句。besure/certainabout確信、有把握，主語(yǔ)是人；besure/certainof確信、有把握，主語(yǔ)是人，但后多跟動(dòng)名詞；besure/certain+從句，表示說(shuō)話人的看法，主語(yǔ)是人；besure/certaintodosomething一定、肯定，表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)句中主語(yǔ)的推測(cè)判斷；besure/certain+連接代詞或連接副詞+todosomething，主語(yǔ)是人；makesure/certain弄確定、弄清楚，主語(yǔ)是人。①waittillyouaremore___.It’sbettertobesurethansorry.A.inspiredB.certainC.calmD.satisfied②Doasyouaretoldandyou’re___him.A.suretowinB.suretobeatC.sureofwinningD.sureofbeating③Itis___thatenemywillbegotridof.A.sureB.surelyC.certainD.certainly④Thereis___atthedoorwhowantstospeaktoyou.A.somemenB.asomemanC.certainmenD.acertainman⑤Iamsure___success.A.ofmyB.thatIwillbeaC.IwillD.bothAandB⑥Hewillcometoourparty,won’the?___.A.I’msurehewillB.CertainlyC.SurelyD.Alltheabove⑦M(jìn)rWang,___personiswaitingforyoudownstairs.A.certainB.anyC.someD.twoBBCCDDDchance

chance機(jī)會(huì)、偶然性（U）、碰巧。短語(yǔ)和句型：byanychance萬(wàn)一、碰巧；onthechanceof懷著……的希望；takeone’s/a/thechance碰運(yùn)氣；leaveittochance聽(tīng)其自然；takethechancetodosomething利用機(jī)會(huì)做某事；bychance偶然、意外地；givesomebodyachance給某人一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)；onthechanceofdoingsomething/that…希望、期望；chanceon/upon碰巧遇見(jiàn)、發(fā)現(xiàn)；1)、chancetodosomething碰巧做某事；2)、haveachancetodosomething（表示機(jī)會(huì)）/ofdoingsomething（作定語(yǔ)，表示可能性）有做某事的機(jī)會(huì)；3)、Thereisachance/Thechancesarethat…有可能；4)、It(so)chanced(=happened)that…碰巧；用法：chance作“可能性”講時(shí)，可作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞；作“偶然性、運(yùn)氣”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；作“機(jī)會(huì)”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。比較：(1)、chance,opportunity表示有機(jī)會(huì)做某事時(shí)，兩者用法相同，后可接todo或ofdoingsomething。但chance后可接從句，opportunity則不能。chance指無(wú)法解釋的“天意、命運(yùn)”所安排的時(shí)機(jī)，具有冒險(xiǎn)、投機(jī)、碰運(yùn)氣的含義。opportunity常用于某一特定時(shí)機(jī)，具有利于做某事和實(shí)現(xiàn)某種抱負(fù)與愿望等。如：Letmehaveanopportunityof/fortryingit.chance作“偶然性、運(yùn)氣”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)，作“機(jī)會(huì)”講時(shí)是可數(shù)。如：It’sagoodchancetolearn/oflearningfromthefamousscientists.(2)、chance發(fā)生，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的發(fā)生純出于偶然或沒(méi)有明顯的理由要發(fā)生，不可用在曾經(jīng)計(jì)劃過(guò)的事情上。如：Ichancedtobeoutwhentheycalled.happen發(fā)生，通俗用詞，表示沒(méi)計(jì)劃的或偶然的發(fā)生。如：Ihappenedtoseeheronthestreetthismorning.occur發(fā)生，較正式用詞，既指偶然發(fā)生，又指按計(jì)劃使某事發(fā)生，所指的時(shí)間或事件比較準(zhǔn)確，以具體事物、事件為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，happen與occur可互換。如：Don’tletthemistakeoccuragain.takeplace發(fā)生、舉行，不指偶然發(fā)生。如：In1919,theMay4thMovementtookplaceinChina.①Onasecondthought,Teddecidedtogiveupthe___forfurthereducationabroadforhehadasickwifetolookafter.A.qualityB.advantageC.chanceD.program②I’llgooutforawalk;ifbyany___someonecomestoseeme,askthemtoleaveamessage.A.mistakeB.luckC.possibleD.chance③___playsanimportantpartinplayingpokerwhileplayersdon’twinby___butbymeansoflogicandskillsinchess.A.Chance;chanceB.Chances;chanceC.Achance;thechanceD.Thechance;chances④Everyoneshallhaveafair___tomakethebestofhimself.A.chanceB.opportunityC.occasionD.possibility⑤Ihadlittlechance___agoodjob.Whichiswrong?A.togettingB.ofgettingC.forgettingD.togetCDAABcharactercharacter（漢）字、字體、小說(shuō)、角色、人物（C）、特性、特征、性格、品質(zhì)（U）。短語(yǔ)：getagood/badcharacter得到好（壞）名聲；inthecharacterof以……資格、扮演；aChinesecharacter漢字；incharacter在性質(zhì)上；amanofstrongcharacter一個(gè)性格堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人；thecharacterintheplay戲中的角色；①Fromhis___laugh,Ihavenodifficultyinseeingtheoldbutenergeticteacher,whoiskindby___.A.characteristic;characterB.natural;characteristicsC.characteristic;natureD.character;character②ChinesepeoplearedoingasmuchaswecantobuildamoderncountrywithChinese___.A.characterB.natureC.colorsD.characteristics③Thereareseveral___inthisnovelwhoaredifferentin___.A.character;characterB.characters;charactersC.character;charactersD.characters;characterCDDcharge

charge費(fèi)用、價(jià)錢(qián)、要求收費(fèi)、索價(jià)。短語(yǔ)和句型：chargemewiththedutyoftakingcareofher讓我承擔(dān)照顧她的任務(wù)；chargefiveyuanforthecups索要5元的杯子費(fèi)；chargeme50yuanfor(doing)something要我50元（雙賓語(yǔ)）；chargehimwiththief控告他是賊；chargeoneself/bechargedwithatask承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)任務(wù)；chargesomebodytodosomething責(zé)令某人做某事；chargethisbilltome把賬計(jì)在我的頭上；chargeat向……撲過(guò)來(lái)；chargehismistakestohiscarelessness把錯(cuò)誤歸因于粗心；freeofcharge免費(fèi)；takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)管理；themanincharge負(fù)責(zé)人；atone’sowncharge自費(fèi)；givesomebodychargeof/over委托某人照管；1)、inchargeof主管、負(fù)責(zé)；2)、in/underthechargeofsomebody=in/undersomebody’scharge由某人負(fù)責(zé)；3)、Theychargedthathehadbeaten3mentodeath；4)、Ourteacherchargedustofinishalltheexercisesbeforesixo’clock；用法：charge既可指物品的價(jià)錢(qián)同price，也可指服務(wù)性的收費(fèi)同cost，如：thecharge/costofhavingthehousepainted比較：incharge主管、負(fù)責(zé)，在句中作表語(yǔ)，也可作后置定語(yǔ)。如：Whoisinchargehere?inchargeof后接某項(xiàng)工程、任務(wù)等的名詞，后多跟事物，主語(yǔ)是人,在句中作表語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。如：Heisinchargeoftheexperimentinphysics.in/underthechargeof由……主管，主語(yǔ)常是某個(gè)單位、部門(mén)或某項(xiàng)工作等的名詞。如：Theworkinthechargeofourmonitorhasbeenfinished.①Doesyourcarbattery___easily?Yes,andnormallyIhaveit___oncehalfayear.A.charge;chargedB.becharged;chargingC.charge;chargeD.getcharged;charging②Howmuchdoyou___forrepairingsuchapairofshoes?Twodollars,sir.A.chargeB.takeC.costD.spendAAcheck

check支票（=cheque英）、賬單、檢查、核對(duì)。短語(yǔ)：checkinto調(diào)查；checkwith協(xié)商、相符；checkoneself克制自己；checkwith與……核對(duì)；checkin登記住進(jìn)旅館；checkout辦理手續(xù)（結(jié)賬）離開(kāi)旅館；keepacheckonhiswork檢查一下他的工作；draw/cash/writeoutacheckfor1000yuan開(kāi)一張1000元的支票；makeacheckonthesefigures核對(duì)數(shù)字；makeacheckagainst對(duì)照……來(lái)校核；check-out結(jié)賬臺(tái)、收銀臺(tái)；比較：check與examine都表示“檢查”。check指檢查或核對(duì)某物，以查明是否正確。examine檢查、診查，指仔細(xì)察看某人或某物，以查明是否出了毛病，或某物內(nèi)藏有什么。如：checkyouranswers/Thedoctorexaminedmyeyescarefully.①Youmust___thatthelightsareturnedoutbeforeleaving.A.knowB.examineC.checkD.remember②Youmay___thenumberswiththelist.A.lookupB.pickupC.makeupD.checkup③Wehavebookedaroomfortodayandtomorrow.___,sir.A.I’msureB.MypleasureC.It’sallrightD.I’llcheckCDDchoice

choice選擇、挑選。短語(yǔ)：makechoiceof選定；ofchoice精選的；takeone’schoice選擇；havenochoicebuttodosomething別無(wú)選擇，只好；makeachoice/makechoiceof選擇；haveachoiceofhats有許多帽子供選擇；forchoice寧可；bychoice出于選擇、自由地；havenochoicebuttodosth/Thereisnochoicebuttodosth/havenothingtodobutdosth/sbdo/cando/did/havedonenothingbutdosth/Thereis/wasnothingtodobutdosth除做……外別無(wú)選擇、非做……不可；choose選擇、選中，后接的賓語(yǔ)是選定的對(duì)象；choosefrom/among/outof從……中選擇，介詞后接的賓語(yǔ)是選擇的范圍。①Therearefivepairs______．butI’matalosswhichtobuy．A．tobechosenB.tochoosefromC．tochooseD．forchoosing②___butkeepsilentoverthematterinordernottolosehispresentjob.A.HehadnochoiceB.TherewasnootherchoiceforhimC.Hedidn’thaveanychoiceD.Therewasnothingforhimtodo③Youlooktiredtoday.ThecouplenextdoorwerequarrellingallnightlongsoIhadnochoicebut___awaketilldawn.A.lieB.tolieC.layD.tolay④Ofthesevendaysinaweek,Saturdayissaidtobethemostpopular___foraweddinginsomecountries.A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choiceBBDDchoose

choose選擇。短語(yǔ)：Thesebooksareforyoutochoose(后要加：from,among,outof)這些書(shū)供你挑選；choosebetweenAandB從A、B中選一個(gè)；cannotchoosebut(do)只得；choosethreefrom/among/outofthesebooks從這些書(shū)中挑選三本；chooseAbeforeB挑A不挑B；choosesomebodysomething替某人挑選某物；choosesomebody(as/for/tobe)ourteamleader挑選某人當(dāng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)；choose…for選……作為；choosetodosomething選定、愿意做某事；比較：choose挑選，強(qiáng)調(diào)以個(gè)人意志判斷的抉擇。如：Choosemeagoodone,please.choice一般只限于兩者之間的選擇。如：Ihaveachoicebetween“go”and“come”.select挑選，強(qiáng)調(diào)在同一種或不同種類的許多東西中進(jìn)行有目的的精選或淘汰。如：Youmayselectthosebooksyoulikebest.pick(out)與choose,select同義，指按個(gè)人的喜好或希望做選擇，有“仔細(xì)挑剔、苛刻地選擇”等意味。如：Pickoutwhatyoulikefromthese.①Therearefivepairs___,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing②___butkeepsilentoverthematterinordernottolosehispresentjob.A.HehadnochoiceB.TherewasnootherchoiceforhimC.Hedidn’thaveanychoiceD.Therewasnothingforhimtodo③ThecouplenextdoorwerequarrelingallnightlongsoIhadnochoicebut___awaketilldawn.A.lieB.tolieC.layD.tolay④Thekey___ascaptainisthatyoumusthavetheoutstandingabilityofleadership.A.tochoosingB.tochooseC.tobechosenD.tobeingchosenBBDDcivil

civil國(guó)內(nèi)的。短語(yǔ)：acivilengineer土木工程師；civilengineering土木工程；engineerabridge設(shè)計(jì)橋梁；①DuLiwasadmittedintotheScienceand___CollegeofShandongafterthe28thAthensOlympicGames.A.EngineerB.EngineeringC.EngineD.EngagingBclose

close關(guān)、閉、親密的、靠近的、靠近。短語(yǔ)：get/becloseto接近；standcloseto站……的近旁；closefriends親密的朋友；haveacloserelationwith同……有密切的關(guān)系；closeathand近在咫尺；livecloseby住在