現(xiàn)在分詞課件

回顧名詞，形容詞，副詞，有將要的含義名詞，形容詞，形容詞，副詞，主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行形容詞，副詞，被動(dòng)，完成現(xiàn)在分詞(表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行)主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)zxxk現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞一、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)指的是一些已經(jīng)形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞，比如：boring,discouraging,disappointing,exciting等現(xiàn)在分詞二、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)或者正在進(jìn)行1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，單個(gè)詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，

放在所修飾的名詞前,falling

leavestherisingsunrunningmandripping

water現(xiàn)在分詞2。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)放在所修飾的名詞后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.whocomefromseveralcountries.ThreedayslaterIreceivedaletterofferingmethejob.Thegirlstandingthere__________________ismyclassmate.whostandstherewhichofferedmethejob.Practice:____dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.BarkingD(2)It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept(3)The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shakeCA現(xiàn)在分詞三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)1）see,hear,feel,watch,notice,等+sb.+doingsth.Hesawagirlgettingonthetractor.=Hesawagirlandshewasgettingonthetractor.see(等其它詞，以see為例)sb.dosth.

doingsth.

done看見(jiàn)一件事情發(fā)生了看見(jiàn)一件事情正在發(fā)生看見(jiàn)一件事物或者人被現(xiàn)在分詞三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)2）have,leave,keep,(get,set,)等+sb.+doingsth.Iamsorryforhavingkeptyouwaitingforsolong.havesb.sth./sb.dosth.

doingsth.

done讓某人做某事讓某人一直做某事讓某事/某人被現(xiàn)在分詞三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)3with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with+sb./sth.+doingsth.Maryleft,withthemachinerunningTomstayed,withhisparentshelpinghim.四、過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞表完成、被動(dòng),與主句主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行,主動(dòng),與主句主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。attention現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)

注意各種形式變化：

主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式Eg.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鈴聲，學(xué)生們開(kāi)始走進(jìn)教室。（聽(tīng)見(jiàn)和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.現(xiàn)在正在建造地這棟樓房室我們地新圖書(shū)館（beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中。）Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間，條件，伴隨方式，原因，結(jié)果1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

Workinginthefactory,helearnedalotfromtheworkers.(分詞一般式）Havingreadtheletter,shegotveryexcited.（完成式）注①：現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間,原因狀語(yǔ)：如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式。如果分詞動(dòng)作明顯在謂語(yǔ)之前發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)分完成式。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Havingarrivedatthefactory,theyimmediatelysettowork.注②：在作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的分詞前，可加連詞while,when，介詞after,before,on.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Don’tmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.OnarrivinginLondon,hemanagedtogetintouchwithher.=AssoonashearrivedinLondon,….2.現(xiàn)在分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.3.現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨方式狀語(yǔ)：Shecamerunningtowardsme.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.Theystoodthereforanhour,watchingthegame.Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.Travelingbyjeep,wevisitedanumberofcities.Followingtheguide,theystartedtoclimb.4.現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)：Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.Beingsopoorinthosedays,wecouldn’taffordtosendtheboytohospital.注：

Havingworkedamongthepeasantsformanyyears,heknewthemverywell.（分詞完成式的肯定式）

Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.（分完否）5.現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：（多用于句尾）Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchcold.Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofindthatitwasSunday.Note:現(xiàn)在分詞表示必然結(jié)果，前可加thus,不定式表意外的結(jié)果，前可加only.

5.與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車(chē)時(shí)，一只鳥(niǎo)落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。

Note:

在用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它邏輯上的主語(yǔ)一般必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致,如不一致則要加上它自己邏輯上的主語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為:有時(shí)也可用with(without)+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式

Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.

他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。

6.作獨(dú)立成分：

Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.

從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。鞏固練習(xí)一1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added3.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake4.____upathisfather,heaskedwhatwasthematterwithhim.A.HavinglookedB.LookingC.TolookD.Look5._____suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered

鞏固練習(xí)2

Theysetout____forthe____boy.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing(2)Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingCD現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.(MET91)ToprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing4.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET98)MakingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeB現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)A現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)5.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_______tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointD.andangrilypointingA現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)6Hesatthere_____,withhisheadonhishand.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought7.The____PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC8.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived9.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。作原因狀語(yǔ)鞏固練習(xí)三1.Sheiswritingalettertoafriendofhers,____himtotheparty.A.HavinginvitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited2.____allmyletters,Ihadadrinkandwentout.A.FinishedB.HavingfinishedC.FinishingD.Tofinish3.___whoshewas,shesaidshewasMr.Johnson’sfriend.A.AskingB.AskedC.TobeaskedD.Whenasking4.____Sunday,thestudentsareathome.A.BeingB.TobeC.ItisD.Itbeing5._____,yourcompositionisfullofmistakes.A.WritingcarelesslyB.WrittencarelesslyC.HavingwrittencarelesslyD.BeingwrittencarelesslyBBBDB

6.____severaltimes,theyoungscientiststillkeptOnmakinghisexperiments.A.HavingbeenfailedB.HavingfailedC.ThoughfailedD.Becauseoffailure7.Thefood___atthemomentisforthedinnerparty.A.cookedB.tobecookedC.IsbeingcookedD.beingcooked8.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,___.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredunderground.D.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake

DDB