2023年大學(xué)專四閱讀理解練習(xí)

Ｐaｓsage1

Reebokexecutivesdonｏtlｉｋｅtｏheartheｉｒｓtylishatｈｌetｉcshoｅscalｌｅd＂ｆｏotwｅａｒfｏryuppｉeｓ(雅皮士·少壯高薪職業(yè)人士)".ＴheｙcontendｔｈatReｅbｏkshoｅsappｅaｌtodiveｒsｅmarkｅｔsegments,esｐeciaｌlynoｗthaｔｔhｅcomｐaｎyoffersbａskeｔballandcｈildｒen'sshｏesfｏｒtheuｎder-18setandwalkｉngshoeｓｆoroldercustｏmersnoｔintｅrｅｓtedinａerobｉcs（健身操)oｒrunniｎg．Theeｘecｕtivesalsopointｏuｔthattｈｒouｇhrecｅntaｃｑuiｓitionsthｅｙｈaveadｄｅdhikiｎgbｏｏts,dｒeｓsandcasualｓhoｅｓ，ａndhｉgh-pｅrｆｏｒｍａnceａt(yī)ｈlｅticｆootwｅａrtｏtｈｅiｒproductliｎes，alｌofwhichshouｌdattｒacｔnewandｖarｉｅdgｒｏｕpｓofcuｓtomeｒｓ．?

Stｉlｌ,desｐiteitsempｈaｓｉsoｎneｗｍａrｋeｔs，Reebｏkplａnsｆewchangeｓｉｎｔheupmarkｅt（高檔消費(fèi)人群的)ｒｅtａｉlingnetworkthatheｌｐedpushsalｅstｏ$1billiｏｎaｎｎually,aｈeadｏfallothｅrｓportｓｓhoeｍａrkeｔers.Ｒeeｂoksｈoes,wｈichａrepｒiｃedfrom$27tｏ$8５,ｗiｌlconｔinｕeｔobesｏldｏnlyinｂｅtterspecialty,ｓpｏrtiｎgｇｏods,anddeｐartｍentsｔores,iｎaccoｒdancewｉthtｈｅcompａny＇sviewthatcoｎsｕmerｓjudgｅtｈequalityofｔｈｅbrａｎdbｙtｈeqｕaｌiｔyofitsdｉstribｕtiｏn.

Iｎthepasｔfewyearｓ，theMａssachｕsetｔs-ｂasｅdcompａｎyhasimpoｓeｄlimitsonthenumbeｒofiｔsdiｓtribｕtｏrs(anｄｔｈｅnｕｍｂeroｆshoｅssｕppliedtosｔoreｓ),parｔｌyoutofneｃessｉtｙ.AtｔiｍestheｕnｅxpecteddｅmandforＲeeｂｏk'sｅxceededsｕpply，aｎｄpanyｃouldｂaｒelykｅe(cuò)pupwitｈｏｒｄerｓfrｏmtheｄealeｒsitalｒeadyhaｄ．Thesefulfillmｅｎtproblemsｓeemtｏbｅunderｃontrolnow,bｕｔｔｈecomｐaｎyisstillselｅｃtiveaboutiｔsdistrｉbｕｔors.Atｐresｅnt,ReebｏkｓhoesarｅaｖailａblｅinaboｕtfiｖetｈousaｎdｒｅtailｓtorｅｓiｎｔhｅＵnｉtｅdStaｔes.

Reｅbokhasalreadyaｎtｉcipatedthatwａlkiｎgｓhoesｗilｌbetｈeｎextｆitness-rｅlatedｃraze,reｐlａcingaerobｉｃssｈｏesｔhesamewayitｓbｒiｇhtｌyｃoｌｏred,soｆtleatｈerexerｃiseｆooｔweaｒｒeｐlaｃeｄcｏnventiｏnａlrunnｉｎgｓhoes.Throughpｒｏductdｉveｒｓificatiｏｎaｎdcarefuｌmarkeｔreseaｒch,ReeboｋhopeｓtｏavoidtｈedistribｕtionpｒｏbleｍsNikeｃaｍｅａｃrossｓeｖeraｌｙearsaｇo,wheｎＮiｋeｍisｊudgedｔhestreｎgthoftｈeaｅｒoｂicsshｏｅcｒａzｅandｗasｆｏrcedtouｎloadhugeiｎventｏrｉｅｓofｒunniｎｇshoestｈｒoughdiscoｕｎtstores.Yukｙ1.

Rｅｅｂok'sviewthaｔ"cｏnsumeｒｓjudgｅｔhequaｌityofthｅｂrａｎdｂytheqｕalityofiｔsdｉｓtribｕｔｉon"(Line５,Par

2)impｌｉesthat______.A.ｔhequaｌitｙｏfabraｎdiｓｍeａsuredbythesｅrvicｅｑualｉtyoｆtheｓtｏreseｌlingitB.theqｕalｉtyoｆaproｄuｃｔdeterminestheｑualityofｉtｓｄistriｂｕtorｓC．thepopulariｔyoｆabｒａndisdｅterｍiｎeｄbｙthestｏreｓthatsellitD.conｓumeｒｓbeliｅvｅthaｔfirst-ratepｒoducｔｓareonlysｏlｄbyhigh－qualitysｔoｒes2.

WhatｌeｓｓonhasReeｂｏkｌeａrｎedfroｍＮｉｋe'sdistｒibutｉonpｒｏbｌems?A

Acｏmｐanｙｓhoｕlｄｎotsellitsｈiｇｈｑualiｔysｈｏesindｉｓcｏunｔstorｅｓ．Ｂ

Acｏmpanyｓhouldｎotlｉmitｉtｓdistributionnetwork.C

Aｃｏmｐanyshoｕlｄdofolｌｏｗ-upsuｒｖeysoｆiｔｓproducts．D

Ａｃoｍpanyshoｕldcorrectlｙevaluａt(yī)ｅtheiｍpａctoｆａnewcrａzｅontｈemａrket．3.

AｌthougｈtheＲeebokCompａｎｙhａsｓolveｄtheｐroｂｌemoffulｆilｌｉngitｓｏrｄers，it_＿_(dá)___.A

doesｎｏｔwａｎttoｆuｒtherｅxｐanditsretａｉlｉwｏｒkB

sｔｉｌllimitstｈenｕmbｅrｏｆsｈoｅssｕppｌｉedtostorｅsC

isstillpａrticｕlarａｂoutwhosｅlｌｓｉtsｐrｏｄｕｃtsD

Stiｌｌcarefullycｈooｓｅｓｔheｍanufａｃｔurerｓoｆｉtsprｏdｕｃts4.

Reｅbｏkonｃehadtolimitthｅｎｕｍberｏfitsdisｔributｏrsbecａuse____＿＿.Ａ

iｔssuppｌyofｐroductsｆelｌshoｒtofdemaｎdB

tｏoｍanydiｓtributorswouｌdcｕｏfitsC

tｈereｄuctionoｆdｉstｒｉbutorscoｕldiｎｃreaseitｓｓｈａreofthemaｒｋetＤ

itwanteｄtoenhancecoｎｓｕmｅrcｏnｆideｎcｅiｎitｓproｄucts5．

OnereasｏnｗhyReeｂｏk＇ｓｍａnａｇeriａｌpeｒsｏnｎeldon'tliketｈeiｒsｈoｅstobeｃａlled"footｗｅａrｆorｙupｐies"ｉsthat______.Ａ

theybelieｖｅthaｔｔhｅirshoesａｒepｏpuｌarwithpeoｐlｅoｆｄiｆferenｔaｇeｇroupｓB

neｗpｒoｄuctｉonlｉneshａｖebeeｎaddｅdｔoｐroｄuｃeineｘpｅnsiｖeｓhoesC

"yuppies"usualｌyevｏkeｓａｎegativeｉmaｇeD

thｅｔｅrｍmaｋespeoｐlethinkofpｒｏｈibiｔiveｐrｉcesＰaｓsage1DＤＣAA1．答案:D句意理解及要點(diǎn)暗示題。題干引號(hào)中那部分在第二段，答案當(dāng)然應(yīng)在第二段，而該段重要論及高檔消費(fèi)群體的零售網(wǎng)——只在精品專賣屋、體育用品專賣店及大百貨商場(chǎng)銷售。

２.答案:D細(xì)節(jié)推論題。由Nike(耐克）一詞擬定答案位置在最后一段,市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)與決策。Ｎｉke公司正是由于當(dāng)時(shí)錯(cuò)誤地判斷了健身鞋流行的強(qiáng)度而導(dǎo)致了老產(chǎn)品（ruｎninｇｓhoｅs）的積壓而不得不打折銷售,這是市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)不準(zhǔn)確所導(dǎo)致的。

３.答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解定位題。題干中的“aｌthough”與短文第三段倒數(shù)第二句之“but”相呼應(yīng),答案則應(yīng)為該句的復(fù)述，故C為對(duì)的答案。

4．答案:A要點(diǎn)歸納題。根據(jù)題干中“l(fā)ｉｍittheｎumbeｒoｆdisｔriｂuｔions”擬定答案。第三段論及即使產(chǎn)品供不應(yīng)求時(shí),也要對(duì)批發(fā)商有所選擇,而過(guò)去一段時(shí)間對(duì)批發(fā)商數(shù)量的限制重要是“oｕtｏｆnecessitｙ”(迫不得已),由于需求量出乎意料地超過(guò)了供應(yīng)能力。5.答案:A要點(diǎn)推論題。題干中的“mａｎagｅrialｐersｏnnel”即為第一段的execｕtｉｖes，因此可知本題答案在第一段且為該段之主題:目的市場(chǎng)很大，高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們當(dāng)然不希望自己的產(chǎn)品僅供應(yīng)一些雅皮士。再由下文“children'sshoesforｔheundｅr－1８sｅtandwaｌkingforoｌdercuｓtｏｍeｒs”更可知其目的消費(fèi)是多層次的。容易錯(cuò)選的選項(xiàng)B側(cè)重公司的生產(chǎn)策略,故不妥。Pasｓage2

Weallkｎowｔhattｈｅnｏrmaｌhumａndａiｌycyｃlｅｏfactiｖityｉｓｏｆsoｍe7~8hourｓ'ｓｌeepalternatingｗｉthsome1６~17hoｕrs'ｗakｅfulnｅssandtｈaｔ,ｂｒｏａdｌyspeａkiｎg,tｈｅsleｅpnormaｌlycoincｉｄeswitｈthehoursofdarkness.Oｕrprｅｓｅntｃoｎceｒｎiｓwiｔhhｏwｅaｓｉlyａｎdtowhatｅxtentthｉｓｃyclecａnbemodiｆｉed.

Ｔｈeｑｕesｔiｏnisｎoｍereaｃadeｍｉcone.Ｔheｅase，forexａｍplｅ,witｈwｈｉchｐeｏｐｌecanchangefromｗoｒkiｎginｔhedaytowｏrｋingatｎightisaquestｉonofgrｏwingimportａnceinｉndusｔrywhereauｔomatioｎｃallsｆorround-ｔhe-ｃlockwｏrkingofmacｈｉnes.Itnｏｒmallｙtakｅｓfromfｉvedaystｏonｅweeｋforapersoｎtoadapttoａreｖersedroutineofsleepａndwakefulneｓs，Sｌeeｐingdurinｇthedayaｎdworkingatｎiｇｈt.Unfｏrｔunaｔelｙ，iｔisoftenthecaｓｅｉniｎｄｕsｔｒｙthatｓhｉftsarechangeｄevｅryweｅk:aｐeｒsonmaywｏrkfｒｏm12midｎigｈtｔｏ8a．m.oneweeｋ,8a.m.to4p.m.tｈenext,and4p.m.to12miｄniｇｈｔｔhｅｔｈiｒdandsoon.Ｔｈismeaｎsthatnosooｎｅrｈashegｏtusedtoｏｎeroutinｅthaｎhehasｔochａngetｏanother,sotｈaｔｍuchｏfhistiｍｅisｓｐentnｅiｔheｒｗorkinｇnoｒsleeｐingｖeryｅｆficｉently.

Thｅonｌyrealｓolutｉonappearstobetohaｎdｏveｒｔｈenightsｈifttoanuｍbeｒofｐermaｎeｎtnｉｇhtｗorkｅrs.Aｅrｅstｉngsｔudyｏfthｅｄomｅsｔiclifeaｎｄhｅalthoｆnight-shｉftwｏrkerｓwasｃarriｅdoutbyBrownin１957,Sheｆoundａｈigｈinｃidｅnceofdｉstｕrbeｄsleｅpandotheｒdisordersａmongthoseｏnaｌｔernａt(yī)ingdayanｄniｇhtshｉftｓ,ｂutｎoabnormaloccurrenceｏfｔhesephenｏmenaaｍongthｏseonpeｒｍaneｎtnｉghtwoｒk.?

Thｉsｌatｔersyｓｔｅmthｅnappｅarsｔoｂeｔhebestlｏng-tｅｒmpolｉcy,butｍｅaｎｗｈilesｏmethingｍａyｂedonetoｒeliｅｖeｔhestraiｎｓoｆａlｔｅrnatedayandｎiｇhtworkbyseｌectｉngtｈｏsｅpeoｐleｗhoｃanaｄaptmostquｉcklyｔｏtｈeｃhangesoｆroｕtine．Onewayofknowｉngwｈｅnapersonhasａdaptｅdisbymｅasｕrinｇhisbｏdytempeｒatuｒe.Pｅｏpleengageｄｉnnormalday-tiｍeworｋｗiｌlhavｅahighｔemperatｕreｄuｒingthehourｓoｆwaｋefuｌneｓsandａlｏwｏneatｎight;ｗhentheｙchangeｔonigｈｔｗorktｈeｐatternwillｏｎlyａdjｕｓtgraｄuallybacｋtｏmaｔchtｈｅｎewｒoｕtｉneaｎdｔheｓpｅe(cuò)dwithwhicｈitｄoessoｐａralｌeｌｓ，broadlyｓｐeａkiｎg,tｈeaｄaｐtatｉonｏftｈebodyasawholｅ,particuｌarlｙintermsofpeｒformanｃe.Thereｆore，bｙtａkiｎｇbodytemperａt(yī)uｒeａt(yī)ｉnteｒvalsｏftwohourstｈｒoughoutthｅpｅriodofｗakefulnｅssｉtｃanｂｅseｅｎhowｑuｉcklyaperｓonｃanａdaｐtｔoarｅvｅrｓedroutｉｎｅ，andthiscouldｂeusedasaｂasｉsｆorselｅｃtioｎ.Sofar，howｅver,suchａfｏrmofｓelｅctioｎdoesｎoｔseemtｏhavｅbeeｎapplieｄiｎprａctｉce.Ｙuky１.

Whyｉsthequestｉonof"ｈｏweasilｙｐeｏpleｃanｇｅtｕsedtoworｋingatnight"noｍerｅaｃａdeｍｉcone?A

Becausefｅwpeopleliketoｒeversethecｙcleofsleepandwａkefulness.B

Becausesleepnormallｙcoinｃideｓwiththeｈoｕrsｏfｄaｒknesｓ．C

Becausepeoｐlearｅrequiｒedtoｗｏｒkatnighｔinsｏmefieldsofindustry.D

Becａusesｈiftｗorkiｎiｎdusｔrｙｒequiｒｅspeoｐｌetｏｃhaｎｇeｔｈeirsｌｅe(cuò)piｎghabｉts.2．

Thｅmainprobleｍoｆtｈeｒound-thｅ-cｌｏcｋwｏrkingsysteｍliesiｎA(yù)

thｅiｎｃｏｎvenienｃesbroughtabｏuttｏtheworkeｒsｂytｈｅintｒoｄｕctionofautｏｍation．B

theｄistuｒｂanceｏｆｔhedallycycleoｆworkerｓｗｈohaｖetochaｎgesｈiｆtstoｏfrequentｌy．Ｃ

ｔｈefactthatpｅｏplewoｒkinｇatnightarｅoｆtｅnｌｅssｅffective.D

ｔhｅfａｃttｈaｔｉｔｉｓdiffｉｃuｌttofindanumberofｇoodnightｗｏrkeｒｓ．3.

IｔｉspossiｂletofiｎdoutiｆapｅｒsoｎhasａdaｐtedｔothechａｎgesofroｕtiｎebymeａsuｒｉnｇhisbodytemperaｔuｒeｂecaｕsｅA

bodｙteｍpeｒatuｒeｃhａngeswhentｈeｃｙcleｏｆｓleepaｎdwakｅfulｎesｓａlternatｅs．B

ｂｏdyteｍｐeｒatｕrecｈａngeswｈenheｃhangestｏnightsｈiftoｒbacｋ.C

thetｅmpｅraturｅrｅversｅsｗｈeｎｔｈeroｕtｉｎeisｃhanged.D

peopｌｅｈaveｈiｇhｅrｔemｐeratureswhentｈeyａreworｋiｎgｅfｆicienｔly.４.

ＷｈichoftheｆｏllｏwｉｎgｓｔatemｅntｓisNOTtｒue?A

Bｏdytｅmｐｅratｕｒｅmayｓerveａsanｉｎdｉcatｉonofawｏrkｅr＇sｐｅrfoｒmance．Ｂ

Thｅseleｃｔｉｏnｏfanｕmbｅrｏfpeｒｍanenｔｎightsｈiftｗoｒkersｈｖedtobethebｅstｓolutiｏｎｔｏｐｒoblｅmsofｔｈｅｒoｕnｄ－the-clocｋworｋingsysteｍ.C

Tａkiｎgbodytempｅｒaturｅatregulaｒinteｒｖalscanshowhowａｐerｓonaｄaptstoｔｈｅｃhａngｅsofｒoutinｅ.D

Ｄiｓturｂedｓleeｐocｃurslessfｒeｑuｅnｔlyamongtｈｏsｅｏnpermanentniｇｈtｏrdａyshiftｓ.５.

Ｉtisimpliedintｈelastpａｒagraphthatalowboｄytempeｒａt(yī)ｕreｉｎｄicatestｈatapｅrsｏnA

hasｊustbeeｎａwakeｆromｓｌｅｅp.Ｂ

cannotwｏrkｎｉghｔshiｆｔｓ．C

shoｕlｄgｏtosleepａt(yī)onｃe.D

ｉslessprodｕctivｅ.Passage2CBAＢD1．答案:Ｃ[設(shè)題處］舉例處設(shè)題［解析]文章第二段第一、二句提到，在某些自動(dòng)化規(guī)定機(jī)器全天運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的公司中，人們要實(shí)行輪班,他們從白天工作轉(zhuǎn)入夜晚工作的難易限度越來(lái)越成為人們關(guān)注的問(wèn)題,由此可知答案為［C]。[A]和[D]在文中并未提到,而[B]雖然提到了,但并不能作為為什么“人們要適應(yīng)晚上工作的難易限度不僅僅是學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題”的因素。2．答案:B[設(shè)題處］事實(shí)處設(shè)題[解析]定位于文章第二段最后一句“經(jīng)常調(diào)整輪班方式意味著,一個(gè)人剛剛適應(yīng)一種上班時(shí)間，卻又不得不改換另一種，以至于他既無(wú)法有效地工作,也無(wú)法有效地睡覺(jué)”,由此可知答案為[B]。３.答案:A[設(shè)題處]因果處設(shè)題[解析]末段第三句提到,在白天正常工作的人醒著時(shí)體溫高，夜間體溫低。當(dāng)他們改成夜班制時(shí),體溫模式只會(huì)逐漸調(diào)整以便適應(yīng)新的工作方式;一般來(lái)講，調(diào)整的速度與整個(gè)身體——在工作表現(xiàn)方面——調(diào)整同步，由此可知答案為[A］，而排除［B]和[C](是由于當(dāng)工作時(shí)間改變時(shí)，體溫只會(huì)慢慢調(diào)整,以適應(yīng)新的工作方式,而不能隨意調(diào)來(lái)調(diào)去）。雖然文中提到了工作時(shí)體溫高,但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)高效率工作時(shí)體溫更高,因此排除[D]。４.答案:B[設(shè)題處]事實(shí)處設(shè)題[解析]根據(jù)末段第三句和倒數(shù)第二句可排除[A]；而由末段倒數(shù)第二句可知[C］錯(cuò)誤；此外,根據(jù)第三段第三句可排除[Ｄ]。第三段首句和末段首句中都出現(xiàn)了ａppearsｔobe(看起來(lái),似乎)，由此可知文中提到挑選很多長(zhǎng)期上夜班的工人是最佳的解決方法時(shí)，并不是完全肯定的，故有答案為[B］。5．答案:D[設(shè)題處]事實(shí)處設(shè)題［解析]最后一段第三句已提到，在白天正常工作的人醒著時(shí)體溫高，夜間體溫低。其隱含義就是：人體溫低時(shí)工作效率是很低的，由此可知答案為[D]。Passage３InJａpaｎ,ｗｈerecaｒeeropporｔuｎｉtiesfｏrwｏmeｎarefew,wｈｅrｅｄiｖoｒcecanｍeanaｌifｅofｈardsｈip,andｗheｒemosｔfｅmａsarestilｌforｍeduｓinｇawｏｒｄforｃhild，awoman'sｉndepeｎdeｎｃehasalｗayscｏmｅatasteepprｉce．?

Notiｏnsofwomen'sｌibｅrａｔioｎｈavｅｎeverｔakｅnrｏoｔａmｏngJapaneｓｅwoｍｅn.Butｗiｔhscanｔopenconｆｌiｃｔ，thepｕｓhｆｏrseparaｔeburialsｉｓｑｕieｔlybecｏmingｏｎｅｏfthecｏｕntry＇sfastestgｒowingｓociaｌtrｅnds.IｎaｒecentsｕｒｖｅｙbｙtheTBSteleviｓionnetwｏrk，20percentofｔhewomenｗｈｏrespｏnｄedｓaidｔheｙhopedtoｂeｂuriedseｐaratｅｌyfromtheiｒｈｕsbａnds.?

ThefuneraryrevoｌｔｃomesａswomenｈeｒeaｎnoｙatJapａn'sslowpacｅinprovｉdingｇreaｔereｑuaｌｉtybetｗｅe(cuò)nｔｈesexes.Thelaw,forｅｘａmｐlｅ，ｓtilｌmaｋesitａlmosｔiｍposｓibleｆｏｒawoｍanｔouｓｅherｍａidenｎａmeaｆｔermａrrｉage．DivorceｒatesaｒelowｂｙＷeｓternstandarｄs,ｍｅａnwhile,becａuseａchievｉngfinancialiｎdepｅｎdencｅ,oｒevenobtainingacreditｃaｒｄinone＇sownname,arｅinｓurmountablｅhurｄlesformａnydｉvｏrｃeｄwｏｍeｎ.Ｕｎｔｉlｒｅｃently,sｏcieｔyenfoｒceｄｒestｒicｔｉonsonｗｏｍeｎevｅninｄeatｈ.ＵｎdeｒＪapａn'scoｍplexbuｒｉalｃuｓtoms,diｖoｒcｅdorｕnmarriedwomeｎweｒeｔradiｔioｎallｙunweｌｃｏmeinｍｏｓｔgｒaveyaｒds,wｈereplｏｔsarestiｌlpａssｅdｄoｗnthｒｏｕghｔhehuｓbａnｄ＇ｓfamｉlyandｄesｃeｎdaｎtsｍustproｖidemａinｔenaｎceｆorburiａlｓｉtesorlｏseｔhem.?

"Thewoｍａnwhoｗantｅdｔｏbｅburiedaｌoｎecouldn'tｆinｄagraｖeyardunｔｉlabout10ｙeaｒsａgo,"sａiｄＨaｒuｙｏIｎｏｕe,asocioｌｏgistofdeathaｎdbｕrialａt(yī)JapａnUｎiverｓｉty.Shｅsaidthａｔgｒａveｙａｒdｓthaｔｄidnoｔrequiredｅｓcendants，inorｄertoaccｏmｍoｄatewｏmen,beｇａｎａppeariｎｇarｏund1990.Toｄay，shesaｉd，thａｔｔhｅreａrecｌoｓeto400ｏfｔhesecemｅterｉesiｎJapａn.Tｈａt(yī)isjｕstoneｓigｎｏｆｓtiｒｒｉnｇaｍｏnｇＪａpａnesewoｍen,wｈｏａｒeａlsopressingｆorthefirsttimetｏchａngｅthelawｔoｂeabletousetｈeiｒmａｉdenｎａmesafｔeｒmarriagｅ.?

Alｔhoughcｒeditgoesｂeyondａnyindividual,maｎywomencitｅＪｕnkｏMasｔｕｂara,apopulａrwriteroｎｗomen'ｓissues,wｉthignitingｔheｔrendtoｓeparaｔｅsexｂurials.Startingtｈreeyeａrｓago,Ms.Maｔsubarahａsbuiltａnassoｃｉatｉoｎofｎeaｒｌy6０0women--ｓｏmedivoｒced，sｏmeｕnｈappｉlymａrｒied,ａndｓoｍeｄｅteｒｍｉnedlysiｎglewhopｌantoshareacｏmmｏnplotcｕrbedｏｕｔofａｎordiｎarycemｅteｒyｉntheweｓternｓuｂurboｆChofu.Yｕｋy1.

Accordｉｎgtothepａsｓage,tｈesexｉneｑualitieｓthatJapaｎesewomenendｕｒeinｃｌｕdeEXCEPT______.A

theyaｒeforbiddeｎｔｏｄｉvｏrceB

theyarerestｒictｅdfrombeingburieｄｓｅparａｔelyｆｒｏmｔheｉrhusbaｎdsC

thelaｗmakesitalｍoｓｔimpｏssiblefoｒawｏmantｏuseherｍaidennaｍeaftermarrｉａgeＤ

theyhesiｔatetotakepartinwomeｎ＇ｓｌiberatｉonmovｅｍｅｎｔs2.Inthｉsａｒticｌe,ｔheautｈorｉsmainｌyconcernｅdwitｈ__＿_(dá)__.A

Japanesewomen＇sｅnｄｅavoｒsｔowinsexequalityＢsocialａndｇｏｖeｒnmentalobligatioｎineｌimiｎaｔｉｎgsexｉnequalitｙC

howJaｐａnesｅlawspreｖｅntJapaneｓeｗomenfrombeinｇbuｒｉedａｌoneDhｏwtochangeＪapan'ｐlexburialcustomｓ3.

FromthefacttｈａｔdiｖorcecａnｍeanalifｅofhardshipfｏrＪapaｎesewoｍeｎ,weｃaｎinｆerthａt(yī)__＿_(dá)__．A

manyJapanesewｏmeｎhaveaｂadｒｅlatｉonshipwitｈtheiｒhｕsｂａndsB

manｙJapanｅsewomenliveｔogetherwithｔheirhusbａｎｄｉnperfｅcｔharmoｎyC

manyＪａpanｅsewoｍenhavｅalowsoｃialsｔatusＤ

it'ｓanout-dａt(yī)edcustｏｍfｏrJapanesewｏmeｎtｏｂｅｈousｅｗｉves4.

Accoｒdｉｎgtｏｔhepａsｓaｇe,wｈicｈofthｅfｏllowingｓtatｅmentsabouttｈeｆuｎeｒalreｖolｔinJａpａniｓＮＯTtruｅ?A

IｔcomesａsthereｓultoｆJａpaneseｗoｍen'sdissatisfactioｎwitｈJapaｎ＇sｓｌowｐaceinｐroｖｉdｉnggｒeａt(yī)eｒsexequality.B

MoreandmoreＪaｐaneｓewoｍｅｎchooｓｅtｈｅformoｆdｉvｏｒceｔowinthｅｖictoryoｆfｕnｅｒａlｒevolｔ.C

Ｊapａn'sｃomplｅxbuｒiａlｃuｓｔomsｍaｋeｉtmｏｒedｉｆficuｌtｆorJapanesｅwｏmｅntobeburiedseｐａrately.D

ＭｏreaｎdmoreJaｐanesｅｗomenprefertoｂebuｒiedsepａratelyfｒomｔheirhusbandｓ.5.

Tｈｅｍeaｎｉngofthewｏrd＂igniｔｅ"ｉnthelastpａragrａpｈis＂_＿_(dá)___".A

tｏcauｓetodｉeB

toarousethepassionofC

tomakeａｎgrｙD

toｍakｅｇlooｍPassage3AＡＣBB1.［A]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章開頭講到接受電視臺(tái)調(diào)查的婦女中有２0%表達(dá)希望能與丈夫分開埋葬(20pｅrcｅｎtoftheｗoｍenwhｏrespondedsaｉdtheｙｈopｅｄtoｂeburｉedｓepａratｅlyfrｏｍtheirhusbａｎｄs)，還提到日本的墳場(chǎng)是由丈夫的家族傳下來(lái)的，子孫們必須維護(hù)好葬址，否則就會(huì)喪失墳場(chǎng)(wｈeｒeploｔsaｒestｉｌlpasｓｅdｄｏwｎthrougｈthehusｂａｎｄ'ｓｆamｉlyａnｄdesｃenｄanｔsｍustprovideｍaiｎtｅnaｎcｅｆorbｕriaｌsｉtｅsorloseｔhem）,所以B對(duì)的;C法律嚴(yán)禁婦女婚后使用娘家姓是文章原句(Ｔｈelａｗ，foreｘaｍple,stｉllmakeｓitalmostiｍposｓiｂｌefoｒａwomantoｕseｈｅrmaidｅｎnaｍeａｆｔermarｒiagｅ);文章一開頭就提到，婦女解放的觀念從未在日本婦女中扎根（Nｏtionsofwｏmｅn'sｌｉberａt(yī)iｏnhavenevｅｒtakenｒooｔamｏｎgJapanｅsewoｍeｎ),所以D對(duì)的，只有A不符合文意。２．［A]主旨概括題。作者在這篇文章里重要討論的是日本婦女通過(guò)以爭(zhēng)取死后單獨(dú)埋葬為重點(diǎn),為爭(zhēng)取自己的性別平等地位所做的努力，并沒(méi)有提及日本社會(huì)和政府對(duì)于消滅性別不平等的義務(wù)。3．[C]推理題。從離婚對(duì)婦女來(lái)說(shuō)意味著艱辛的生活這一事實(shí),可以推理出什么?聯(lián)系這句話的上下文:在日本，婦女的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)很少，離婚對(duì)婦女來(lái)說(shuō)意味著艱辛的生活,大多數(shù)婦女的名字是用孩子的一個(gè)字來(lái)取的,婦女的獨(dú)立總是以極高的代價(jià)獲得的。因此可以推測(cè)出這一事實(shí)說(shuō)明的是日本婦女的社會(huì)地位很低。4.［B]推理判斷題。文章提到了葬禮反抗的開始是由于婦女們對(duì)日本在提供更多的性別平等方面的緩慢步伐感到不滿(ＴhefuneraryrevoltcomesaswomenherｅaｎｎoｙaｔJapａn'ssｌｏwpaceiｎｐrｏvｉdｉnggreatereqｕalitybetweenthesexes);并說(shuō)到在日本復(fù)雜的葬禮習(xí)俗下，離婚的或是未結(jié)婚的婦女傳統(tǒng)上在大多數(shù)墳場(chǎng)是不受歡迎的（UnderJapaｎ'sｃｏmｐｌeｘbuｒiａｌｃustoｍs,divｏrceｄorunｍaｒriedwomｅnwｅreｔraｄｉｔiｏnallyｕｎwｅｌcomeｉnmostgraveyａrds);還說(shuō)到單獨(dú)埋葬已經(jīng)悄然成為日本發(fā)展最快的社會(huì)時(shí)尚(thepｕshforｓeparａt(yī)ｅburialｓisｑｕiｅtlybeｃｏｍｉｎgoｎeoｆthｅcountry'sｆａｓtesｔgrowinｇｓocialtreｎｄs）,但文章沒(méi)有提到婦女們把離婚作為爭(zhēng)取勝利的手段。5.[Ｂ]詞匯猜測(cè)題。問(wèn)“ｉｇnite”在文章中的意思。文章說(shuō):很多婦女舉JuｎkoＭastubarａ這位婦女問(wèn)題的著名作家為例，她“igｎｉｔe”按性別單獨(dú)埋葬的趨勢(shì)。接著又講到她于三年前建立了一個(gè)有大約600名婦女組成的社團(tuán)，計(jì)劃在Ｃhoｆｕ西郊的一塊普通墳場(chǎng)旁共同爭(zhēng)取一塊墳場(chǎng),所以“iｇｎｉte”是“點(diǎn)燃，激起”的意思。Passaｇe4

Ofteｎcａlledｔｈｅiｎｔｅllectｕaｌlｅａdｅｒofｔｈｅａnｉmａl－ｒiｇhtｓmoｖｅmeｎt,Rｅgan"ｉstｈｅforemoｓtphｉlosoｐｈerinthiｓcoｕntrｙinｔhefiｅldoftheｍoraｌsｔａｔｕｓoｆnon-ｒatioｎａlａniｍals"，ｓaysBoｂＢｒｙａn,ｆorｍerchaiｒmanoｆtｈeN.Ｃ.StatePhilosophｙanｄReligionＤepartmeｎt.ReganhaｓleｃturedｆromＳｔoｃkholmｔｏMｅlｂoｕrｎｅaboｕttheimportanceoｆrecoｇｎiｚinｇaniｍalsaspartofｔheevolｖｉngfielｄoｆethｉcs.Hisbooks,ThｅＣaｓeｆoｒAnｉmalＲｉghｔsaｎdIｎDｅfenseoｆＡnｉmaｌＲights,aｒewｉdeｌyａcknoｗlｅdｇeｄaｓｈａvinｇcemeｎtedtｈerooｔsofｔｈｅmodｅmanimａl-rｉgｈtsmoveｍentiｎacａdemia.?

Ｔobｅsure，vegetaｒianiｓmdatｅsbａｃｋｔｏPlａt(yī)oandPlutarch.AｎdinＡmerica,tｈefirstcrueltybustshaｐpenedinｔhelａｔe1９thcｅnturyinNewＹork.Ｂutｓocietyvｉeｗedanｉmalslarｇelyａperｔｉes,untｉlＲeｇananｄahanｄfuｌoｆotherpｈｉloｓｏpｈersｐｕshedａnimａl-rightsissueｓintotheacademicｍａｉnｓtreaｍ.Indeed,tｈiｓａcａdeｍicfocushaｓdramaticａｌlyalteｒedhowＡmericansapproaｃhtheｅthiｃｓofhusbanｄry,someobserveｒssay.Onｃｅ-ｒadiｃａlideashaｖｅbeｅnfｉrmlyｗｏveniｎtｏsocieｔy.?

Reganeｎvisｉｏｎsａｔypeoｆ"billofrights"fｏｒａnｉmals，incｌudiｎgtｈeabandonmentofpetoｗnership,elｉminationofameat-basｅddｉet,ａｎdｎeｗｓtanｄａｒdｓfｏrbiomｅdicaｌrｅsｅarchonanimals.Essentiａｌｌｙ,hewantstoestabｌiｓhaneｗkindｏfsoliｄaｒitｙwｉthanｉmals,andstopanimaｌｈusbandryalｔogetheｒ.＂Iｎａdｄitiｏnｔoｔhｅvisibｌｅaｃｈｉeｖemｅnｔsａｎdcｈangｅｓ，ｔhｅrｅ'sｂeeｎｗｈatImiｇhtcalｌanｉnvisｉbｌｅreｖoluｔionｔａkingplａce,andthatrｅvoｌutioniｓｔheｓeriousneｓsｗｉtｈwhichtheｉssuｅofanｉmalrighｔsiｓtａkｅniｎtheａcadeｍyandinhiｇheｒeducatioｎ,"Ｒｅgａｎsayｓ.

ButwithReganｐlaｎnｉngtoretｉreｉｎＤeceｍber,aｇrowinｇnumberofｆarmers,ｄoctors,andotｈeｒsarequｅstioningｔheｓustａinabilｉtyofhisideaｓ.Ｉncｒeaｓｉngly，Amerｉcanｓwhoｆeeltheirrightsｈａｖebecomesｅｃondａrytｏａniｍalｓ＇ｒiｇhtｓarｅsｐｅaｋingoｕｔagainｓtawaveofaｒsoｎattacksonfarｍersanｄｐieｓｔhrownintｈefacesofreseaｒchｅrs.Radｉcalgroups,witｈｓomeｔimeｓ-violenｔtａcｔｉcs,hａvebｅｅnａcｃuseｄofsｃarinｇfａｒｍerｓａwayｆromsｐｅakinguｐfortradｉtｉｏnalaｇraｒianvａlueｓ．Iｎdeed,teｎsionsareonlｙrisingｂetweeｎanimａl-rigｈtｓａcｔivｉstsandgroupsthatｈavetｒａdiｔiｏnallｙｕsedｔhelａndｗiｔhanｅyｅtowaｒｄaniｍａls'ｏveraｌlwelfare,nｏtｔｈeir"riｇhｔ"tｏｂeｈappyorｔｏlivｅｌonｇliｖｅs.?

TｈｅcontｒｏversyａrｏundＲeganisheigｈｔenｅｄbythefａｃｔｔｈａｔhe'snoｐacifisｔ．Heｓａysｈeｂelievesit'sＯＫｔｏｂreａｋtｈｅlaｗｆoragreaterpurpｏｓe.Hecallsｉtthe"greaｔer-evilｄoｃtrine＂，theideatｈattheｒe'smoralhｉerarcｈytｏcrime."Ｉthinkthatyoucanｗｉｎiｎcouｒt，andthat'sｗhaｔItellpeople,"Rｅgansａys．＂Idon＇ｔbelievetｈatｙｏｕｓhouldrunａnｄhｉde."Theｓhiｆtintheｌevelｏfrespecｔhａsbｅｅn"seisｍｉc＂,hesaｙs."Ｃoｎtrａrytoｗhataｌoｔofpeopｌｅtｈink,thererｅaｌlｙhasbｅe(cuò)naｒｅｃｏgnitiontｈａt(yī)tｈｅｒearｅsomethiｎgsthathuｍanｂｅｉnｇsｓhouldnotbｅｐｅrｍｉｔtedtoｄｏtｏaｎimaｌｓ．Wｈerethｅhuｍaｎｈｅarｔhaｓgｒoｗnisｉｎtherecogｎｉtｉonoｆwhaｔｉｓtobｅprohibｉteｄ．"Yuky1．Ｒeganｉsｃalleｄｔheinｔellectualｌeaｄeroftheaｎiｍａl-riｇhtｓmｏvemeｎｔbｅｃaｕseA

heisaphilosophｅrｉnthefｉｅldofanimａl-ｒｉghtsprotection.B

hehelpsｔomakeaniｍal-rightsｍoveｍentanacadｅｍicｓｕbｊect.Ｃ

hehaswrittｅｎmaｎｙbｏokｓoｎｈoｗtｏprotecｔaniｍａlrightｓ．Ｄ

hｅprｏvｅｓｔhatａｎimalsoｃietiｅshaｖeｔｈｅirｍorａｌstａｎｄardｓaｓhumaｎsoｃietｉesdo.２.

AllofthefoｌlowinｇａremｅnｔioｎedasＲegan＇sconceptsｏfaｎｉｍａlrightsｍovemenｔEＸCEPTA

ａniｍalshaｖesomebasicrigｈtslikepeopｌe.B

peoｐleｓhouldreassｅssｔhｅiｒｒelatｉonshiｐtoanimals.Ｃ

animalsshouｌdnotbetakｅnｔobeproperｔieｓtopeople.D

tｈewaymｏrａｌｉtｙistauｇｈｔintｈeaｃａｄemiｃｃｉrｃｌeｓhoｕldbechａnged.3.

Ｗｈａt(yī)isthe"ｉnｖisiblｅrevolｕtiｏn＂mｅntionｅdinthetｈirdpａｒagｒaph?Ａ

Aｃadｅｍｉａｂegｉnstotakeanｉmａl-rｉghtｓmovemｅｎtｓeｒiｏuslｙＢ

Violeｎcｅsｈouldsoｍetimｅsｂeusｅｄｔｏprotｅctaｎimalrightｓ．C

Anａｔｔemｐthasbeenmadetoｓtopaｎimalｈusｂaｎdｒyalｔｏgether.D

Thebillofｒiｇhtsforａｎiｍalsｈasbｅe(cuò)nwriｔtｅｎintoｔhelａw.4.

ＷelearnｆromthepassaｇethatＲｅganＡ

ｉｓｆｅssoｒaｔtheＵｎｉveｒsityofMｅlbourne.Ｂ

consentstｏthｅe(cuò)mpｌｏymｅｎtofviolenｃeinaniｍａlprotection.Ｃ

isavegetaｒｉaｎwhｏiｓfａｉｒlyfａmiｌiaｒwiｔhPlato'ｓphilosｏphｙ．D

isthefｉrstｍanwhｏｉｓfulｌｙconvinｃeｄｔhataｎimalshaｖerigｈｔs.5．

Rｅganobviｏusｌybelieｖｅsthａt(yī)theｐｒoｓpectｏfanimaｌrightｓmovemｅntisA

glooｍｙ.B

bｒigｈt.C

unｃｅrtaiｎ.D

dｏｏｍed.Ｐaｓsage4BＤABB１答案：B[設(shè)題處]因果處設(shè)題[解析]文中第一段提到，Reｇan經(jīng)常被稱作動(dòng)物保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的知識(shí)領(lǐng)袖，根據(jù)Brｙaｎ的說(shuō)法,在為非理性的動(dòng)物確立道德地位方面，Regaｎ是２0世紀(jì)的哲學(xué)先驅(qū)。他到處游說(shuō)，論述將動(dòng)物保護(hù)作為一個(gè)新興的道德領(lǐng)域。他的書被廣泛認(rèn)為給現(xiàn)代動(dòng)物保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)奠定了學(xué)術(shù)基礎(chǔ)，由此可知答案為[B]。2.答案:Ｄ[設(shè)題處]觀點(diǎn)處設(shè)題［解析]根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“在Reｇaｎ看來(lái)，應(yīng)當(dāng)制定一個(gè)動(dòng)物“權(quán)利法案”,涉及放棄養(yǎng)寵物的做法、取消以肉類為主的用餐方式、為使用動(dòng)物進(jìn)行生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究確立新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，所以排除[A]和[Ｃ];由第三段第二句“從主線上說(shuō),Rｅgａｎ規(guī)定與動(dòng)物確立一種新的牢固關(guān)系，徹底停止畜牧業(yè)”可知[B］錯(cuò)誤，故答案為[Ｄ]。3.答案:Ａ[設(shè)題處］引言處設(shè)題［解析]定位于文章第三段最后一句“他說(shuō),除了看得見的成就和變化外，一場(chǎng)革命正在發(fā)生，我稱之為看不見的革命,即學(xué)術(shù)界和高等教育界對(duì)待動(dòng)物權(quán)利的問(wèn)題非常認(rèn)真”,由此可知答案為[Ａ]。4.答案：B[設(shè)題處]事實(shí)處設(shè)題［解析]最后一段前兩句提到,圍繞Rｅｇan的爭(zhēng)議由于下列一個(gè)事實(shí)而變得更劇烈：他不是一個(gè)和平運(yùn)動(dòng)者,他認(rèn)為為了實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的目的(指動(dòng)物保護(hù))犯法也沒(méi)關(guān)系，由此可知答案為[B]。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句可排除[A]；又由第二段第一、二句可排除[C];此外,根據(jù)第一段可知[Ｄ]錯(cuò)誤。5.答案:B[設(shè)題處]觀點(diǎn)處設(shè)題[解析]定位于最后一段后半部分，在Rｅgan看來(lái)，(人們對(duì)于動(dòng)物的）尊重限度已發(fā)生了主線的變化,與很多人見解不同,人們已經(jīng)真正結(jié)識(shí)到：他們對(duì)動(dòng)物已經(jīng)不能為所欲為了，人們的思想變化表現(xiàn)在他們知道哪些事不能做，由此可知答案為[B]。Pａssage５Foｒａｌongtime，ｒeseaｒcｈersｈavetriｅdｔonaｉldｏｗnjuｓtwhatshａpｅsuｓ-－orwhaｔ,ａt(yī)ｌeａst,ｓhapesusｍost.Andoｖertheyeａrｓ，ｔｈey＇vｅhadalotofexcｌamaｔiｏｎmoments．Firstitwａsｏurpareｎts,ｐarｔiｃulａrlｙourmotｈｅｒs.Tｈｅniｔwasｏｕrgeｎes．Ｎextitwasouｒpｅｅｒs,whoshｏwuplaｓtｂuthｏldｇreatｓwａｙ.Aｎdａllthoseｉdｅａｓweregoodoneｓ-－ｂuｔonｌyasfaｒａsthｅｙwenｔ．Ｓomewhere，thｅrｅwasasortｏfｔemｐerameｎtalｄarｋmａt(yī)ｔerexｅrtinｇａninvｉsiｂlegｒavitaｔionalpullｏｆｉtsown．Moｒeandmore,scientistsareconｃｌudiｎgtｈａt(yī)ｔhisunｅxｐlaiｎｅdfoｒceiｓoｕrsiｂｌingｓ.Fromthetimeweａreborn,ouｒbrothersaｎdsistersareoｕｒcｏllaboratｏｒsanｄco－conspirators,ouｒrolemｏdelsanｄcａutiｏnaryｔａles.Tｈeｙａrｅoursｃoldｓ,ｐrｏteｃtｏrs,gｏads,tormentors,plaｙｍaｔeｓ,counseｌｏrs，soｕrcesｏfｅnvy，oｂjectsofpridｅ．Thｅyteacｈushowtｏrｅsoｌｖｅcoｎflictsａnｄhownotｔo；howｔｏconductfrｉｅndshipｓａndwhentowａｌkａwａyｆromｔhem.Ｓiｓtersｔeaｃｈbroｔhｅｒｓａbｏuttｈemysｔeriｅsofgｉrls;brｏｔheｒsteaｃhsｉstｅｒｓａｂoutｔhepｕzzleofbｏys.Oｕrｓpｏuseｓarriveｃompaｒaｔivｅｌｙlateiｎourliｖeｓ;ｏurparｅntｓeｖｅntuallyｌeavｅｕｓ．Ｏursiｂlingsmayｂetheonlypeopｌewe'llｅｖerkｎowwhotrulｙquａlifｙaspaｒtｎｅｒｓforlｉｆe.

"Siblｉngｓ,"sayｓfaｍilysｏciologistKatherineＣongeｒ,"ａｒewithｕｓfｏrthｅｗｈoｌejoｕrney."Withinthｅｓｃieｎtifｉｃｃommuniｔy,ｓibliｎgshaveｎotbeenwｈｏlｌyignoｒed，bｕtｒesｅarchhａsbeeｎｌimiｔedmoｓtlytodｉscusｓionsofbirthｏrｄer.Ｏlｄｅrsiｂswｅrｅｓaidtobestｒivｅrｓ;yoｕｎｇｅｒoｎesrebels;middlｅkidsｔhelosｔsoｕｌs.Theｓtｅrｅotyｐeswerｅbｒoad,iｆnotenｔireｌyｕnｔrue,ａndｔhｅretｈedｉscussｉonmostlyended.Buｔａllｔｈaｔ’ｓchangiｎ９．ＡｔｒeseaｒchceｎteｒｓintｈeＵ．S.,Canadａ,Ｅuroｐeandｅlseｗheｒｅ,iｎvｅｓtigatｏrｓareｌaunchinｇａwealtｈofnewsｔudieｓintothｅsiblingdyｎamic，ｌookiｎｇatwaysbrｏthersandsiｓteｒsstｅe(cuò)ronｅanｏtherｉnｔ0—orawａyfrom－-riｓｋｙbeｈavioｒｈｏwｔｈeyｆtectｉveｂuffｅｒ(減震器)agaｉｎstfaｍilyｕpheaval;ｈowthｅyｅduｃａt(yī)eoｎeanotherａboｕｔtheoｐｐosiｔｅsex；ｈowallsiｂlｉｐeteforfamｉlyrecoｇnitiｏｎａｅtotｅrms--ｏrblows-－oversucｈimpｏssiblｙcｈaｒｇeｄissuｅsａｓpａrenｔａlｆavorｉtisｍ.Fromｔhatresearch，ｓcieｎｔisｔsareｇaiｎinｇinｔriｇuinginsightｓintothｅｐeopleｗeｂeｃomｅasadｕｌts.Doesｔhemａｎａｇeｒwhｏrｕｎsaharmｏｎiousofｆicecalｌontｈepeacemaｋｉnｇskilｌsｌearｎedｉnthefamｉlyplａyroom？DｏesthestuｄｅntstｒｕｇglingwｉthaprｏfｅｓｓorwhoｐｌaｙｓfavoｒiteｓsｕmmｏnｕpthecｏpｉngｓkillsacｑuｉｒedfｒoｍｄealinｇwiｔhaｓisterwhowasDａｄdy’sgｉrｌ?Dohｕｓｂandsanｄｗiｖeｓｂenefitfrｏmｔheｉｎter—gendｅｒｎｅｇoｔiａt(yī)ionｓtｈeｙｗagｅdwheｎtheirmostｉmpoｒtａntpartneｒｓwerｅtheirsistｅｒsanｄbrｏthers?Aｌlthatｉsundｅｒiｎｖｅｓtiｇation．“Siblingｓhａvejuｓtbeenｏｆfｔｈｅradarscｒeeｎuntｉｌｎow，”sａｙｓConger.Buttodａyserｉoｕsworkisrevｅaliｎgｅｘaｃtlｙhowoｕrbｒｏtherｓandｓisteｒsinfｌuenceｕｓ．Yuky1.Thｅbegｉｎningofｔｈepassａｇｅindicatesｔhａt(yī)

Ａ．reseａrchershaｖefounｄｏutwhatshapesuｓ．

?B．ourｐeeristhｅlaｓｔfactoriｎfluｅncingus.?C．ｗhatrｅsearｃhersfoｕndcontribuｔesｉｎａlimitedｗａy．?Ｄ.whaｔｒｅseaｒcｈｅｒsｆoｕndiｓｇoodanｄtrustworｔhy.2．Inthethｉｒdparaｇrａph,thｅauｔhortrｉｅsｔoｄemonｓｔｒatethatｏurｓiblｉｎgｓ

Ａ．offerusmuchusefulｉnformatiｏn.

B.ｈavegreａt(yī)infｌuenｃesoｎuｓ.

Ｃ.aｒｅｔheｏnｅｓｗhoｌｏｖeｕscompleteｌy．

D．a(chǎn)ｃcomｐanyustｈｒoughｏｕtourlife．3.Ｉnscienｔiｆiｃcoｍｍunitｙ,ｐrevioｕsresearchoｎsiｂliｎgs

A．ｍostｌyfocusedonthesiｂliｎｇoｒdeｒ.

?B．studｉeｄthecｈａracterｉstiｃｓofthekiｄs．?C.studiedｔhemattｅrinaｂroadｓeｎse．

Ｄ．wａsn’tbeliｅｖaｂleandtｈedｉscuｓsioｎenｄｅd．4.WhiｃhoｆthｅfollowｉngisNＯTｓibｌingdｙnamiｃ??A.Abrothｅｒcauｔiｏnshiｓｓiｓtｅrａｇaiｎstgettｉngｉｎtoｔrouｂle．?Ｂ.Sistershavｅqｕａrrelｓwiｔheａchother．?Ｃ．Siblｉngｓcompｅteforpａrenｔaｌｆａvoｒｉtiｓm．

D．Oｌdeｒkidsinaｆaｍiｌytｒyhardtoacｈieve．5．Ｆｒｏmｔhelastparagｒaｐh,wｅcａncｏnｃlｕdethａt(yī)?A．managerｓｌｅａrneｄmanagｅmeｎｔskｉllsfｒomｔｈefａmilyｐlａｙｒoｏm．?B．sｐousｅslｅarneｄｎegoｔiatｉonskillsfrｏmtｈeirｓiblｉngs．?C.studiesｏｎsiｂｌingsaｒeunｄertheway。?D．sｔudiesonｓｉbｌinｇsnｅe(cuò)ｄthoｒｏugｈinvestｉgation.Ｐａｓｓage5CBAＤＣ1．[C]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第１段指出了研究人員研究什么塑造我們，并取得了一些成果，最后一句“但這僅僅是就目前的研究而言”表白目前研究的局限性，C表達(dá)了這個(gè)含義。由第1段可知,研究者還在探索到底是什么塑造了我們，故A錯(cuò)誤;該段倒數(shù)第2句提到雖然我們的同齡人出現(xiàn)得最晚,但是影響卻最深刻,故B也錯(cuò)了；ｔruｓtｗoｒthy在文中沒(méi)有依據(jù)，故排除D。2．[Ｂ］段落大意題。第3段講到了兄弟姐妹在我們生活中扮演的各種角色對(duì)我們生命的影響，故選B;A“提供應(yīng)我們有用的信息”屬段落細(xì)節(jié)，不是作者在第３段想要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題;C“完完全全愛(ài)我們的人”過(guò)于絕對(duì)且在文中找不到相應(yīng)信息點(diǎn);D“隨著我們一生”只是影響我們的一個(gè)方面,故D也可排除。3.[Ａ］細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)scientiｆｉcｃommuniｔｙ定位到第4段首句。由該句buｔ轉(zhuǎn)折處可知答案應(yīng)為A。第2句提到年長(zhǎng)的、年小的、中間的孩子共有的定式,并沒(méi)有對(duì)他們的個(gè)性特性進(jìn)行研究，故B排除；最后一句說(shuō)這種定式很普遍，但并不意味著從廣義上來(lái)研究兄弟姐妹對(duì)我們的影響,故C排除；D在文中沒(méi)有依據(jù)。４.[D]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)sibliｎgdyｎamｉc定位到第5段。本題可用排除法。Ａ、B相應(yīng)steerawayfｒomｒiskyｂehａvior；Ｃ在該段提及，也屬ｓｉblingdynamiｃ。Ｄ在第４段有提到，但不屬于siblｉngdynamiｃ。５.[Ｃ]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。末段倒數(shù)第3旬提到Allthatisunｄeｒｉnvestｉgａt(yī)ioｎ,Ｃ與此同義,為對(duì)的答案。A、B只是該段中的個(gè)別例證;最后一句提到要進(jìn)一步研究兄弟姐妹是如何影響我們的，D項(xiàng)的表述與原文有出入。Pａssａge6

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