2023年英語(yǔ)專八閱讀真題匯編無(wú)答案打印版

英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀歷年真題匯編2023真題ＴEXTAＴhreｅhuｎdｒedyｅarsagoneｗｓtravelledbywordofmouthor1ettｅr,aｎｄcirculatｅdintavernsandcofｆeeｈｏuseｓintheformofpamphｌｅtsandneｗsｌetteｒｓ.“Thｅcoffeehoｕｓespartｉｃulａrlyaｒe．ｖerｙrｏomyｆｏrａfreeconｖersａｔion，andfoｒｒeadingaｔaneaｓierraｔｅallmａnneｒofprｉnｔedneｗｓ，”ｎoｔedoneobseｒｖｅr.Everyｔｈｉｎgcｈangedin1８33ｗhentｈefiｒsｔmass-audiencenewｓpapｅr,TｈｅNｅwYｏrkSun,piｏneｅｒｅdtheuseofａｄｖerｔisingtoreducethecoｓtoｆｎews，tｈuｓgivingａdｖertiseｒsａｃｃｅsｓtoawidｅraudｉeｎce．Ｔhｅｐeｎnypresｓ,folｌowｅdbyｒadioandｔelｅvisｉon，turneｄnｅwsfromａt(yī)ｗｏ-waｙcｏｎversaｔｉonｉntoaoｎe—wａｙbroaｄｃａst,ｗitharelativｅlｙsmallnumberoffiｒmｓcontrｏlｌinｇthemeｄia.Nｏw,thenewsiｎdｕstｒyisretｕｒnｉngtｏsomethingclosertothｅcoffeｅhouｓe．Theintｅrnetismakinｇneｗsmoreparticipatory,socialanddｉｖｅrｓe，ｒeｖivingthedｉscursivechaｒaｃｔeristicsof"theeｒａｂeforeｔhemassmedia.Thatwillhaveｐrｏｆounｄeffectsｏｎｓｏcｉetyａｎdpoｌitics.Inmuchoｆtheｗorld.ｔheｍaｓsmediaarefloｕrishing．Newspapercircｕlaｔｉoｎroｓｅｇｌoballyby6%bｅｔwｅe(cuò)n20２3ａｎd2023.Butthoseglｏbalｆigurｅsｍasｋashａｒpdｅclineｉnreadershipinriｃhcoｕｎｔｒies．Overthｅpaｓtｄｅcaｄe,thrｏｕｇhｏuttheＷesteｒnｗoｒld,peoｐlｅhavｅbｅe(cuò)ngivingｕpnewspａperｓａｎdTVnewsandkeepinｇupwiｔhevｅntsｉｎprｏfouｎｄlydifｆｅrenｔways.Moｓｔｓｔriｋingly,oｒdinaryｐｅopｌeareincrｅasingｌyinvolvediｎcompiling,shａring,filtｅrinｇ,discussinｇaｎddistｒｉbuｔｉngnews．Tｗittｅrletsｐｅopleanywheｒereportwｈａt(yī)theyａrｅsｅe(cuò)ing.Claｓsｉfｉeddocumentｓareｐubｌiｓheｄintｈｅirthｏｕsandsｏｎlｉｎe．Moｂile·phｏnefootageｏｆＡｒaｂupｒisingsandAmericantornaｄｏｅsｉsｐｏsｔedoｎsｏｃial-netwoｒkｉngsitesanｄshｏwnoｎtｅｌeviｓionneｗscasts.Soｃiａl－ｎetwｏrｋingｓｉtｅshelppeoplefind，ｄisｃｕssａndsｈａrenｅwswiｔｈｔhｅｉrfrｉends.Anditisnｏtjｕstｒeadｅrswhoarｅchａlｌｅngｉngthemｅdｉａｅlｉtｅ．TecｈnologyfirmsiｎcluｄingGｏｏglｅ，ＦaｃｅbｏoｋandTwitｔｅrhavebecomeimpｏrtａntcｏnｄｕitsoｆnews.Celｅbritiesaｎdwｏｒｌdｌeａderspubｌishupdａt(yī)esｄirecｔlyvｉａsoｃialnｅｔworks;maｎyｃoｕntrｉeｓnｏwｍａkeraｗdａt(yī)aａvailabletｈｒough“oｐerｎmeｎｔ”iｎitiａt(yī)ives.Ｔｈerｎetletspeopleｒeadneｗsｐapersorwaｔcｈｔelevisionchannｅlsfroｍarｏundtheｗoｒld.Theｗebhasallowｅdneｗpｒｏvidｅｒsoｆneｗｓ，froｍｉndivｉｄualbloggerｓｔosiｔes，ｔorisetopｒoｍｉnｅｎceinaｖｅrｙshｏrtｓpacｅofｔｉme．Ａndiｔhasmaｄepossibｌeentｉrｅlyneｗaｐｐｒoachestojｏｕｒnaliｓm，ｓucｈasｔhatprａcticｅdｂｙWikiＬｅaks,whiｃhprｏvideｓananonymouｓwａyｆoｒwhistleｂloｗｅrsｔopublisｈdｏｃuｍｅnts．Thenewsagｅndaｉsnｏloｎｇercｏｎｔrｏlledbyafｅwprｅssbaｒonｓａｎｄstａt(yī)ｅoutlets.Inprinciple,ｅｖerylibｅralshoｕldｃelｅbraｔetｈiｓ．Aｍoreparticｉpaｔoryanｄsocialnｅｗｓenvironment，witharemarkａbｌediverｓityandraｎgeｏｆｎeｗssourｃes，iｓａｇｏodthiｎｇ．Ｔhetransformａt(yī)iｏnoftheneｗsbuｓinｅssｉｓｕｎｓｔopｐａｂｌｅ，aｎdatｔｅmｐtｓtoreｖerseitarｅdoomeｄｔofailure．Aducerｓoｆｎewｊｏｕrnａlism,ｉndividualｓcanbescｒｕｐulouswiｔｈfａctsaｎdtranspaｒentｗiththeirsoｕrcｅs．Asconsumeｒｓ，ｔheycanbegeneｒａｌｉntｈeｉrtａsteｓaｎddｅｍaｎdｉnｇinthｅiｒstａndａｒｄs.Andａlｔｈoughtｈisｔransｆormationdoｅsraiｓeｃoncerns，ｔｈerｅｉsｍｕchtoceｌebratｅｉnthenoiｓｙ,diｖerse，vｏcｉferous，argumenｔativeandｓtridｅntlyalｉveenvｉｒonmentoftheｎewｓbusinesｓinthｅagｅsoftｈeinternet．Thｅｃoffeeｈouseisbaｃk.Enｊoyit．11.Accｏｒｄingｔothepaｓｓagｅ，ｗhａt(yī)iｎｉtiatedthetransfｏrｍationofｃoffee-hoｕseneｗｓtoｍａss-medianewｓ?A．Thｅe(cuò)meｒgenｃeｏfbｉｇmａssmｅｄiafirms.B.Thepopｕlａｒiｔｙofradioandteｌevision．C.Tｈｅappearａnｃeofadｖｅrｔｉsｉnginneｗsｐaｐeｒs.D.Theｉncreasｉnｇnumｂｅrofnｅwsｐaperreａdeｒs.12.Whichofthefollowingｓｔatementsbestsｕpporｔｓ“Now,thｅHｅwsｉndusｔryisreturninｇtosoｍethingｃlosｅrtｏthecｏfｆeehouse”?ＡＮｅwｓpａpercircuｌａt(yī)ｉonroseglｏbａllyby６%ｂｅtwｅe(cuò)n202３ａnｄ2０2３．B.PeｏｐlｅｉntｈｅWeｓteｒｎｗｏrldａregiviｎgｕpnewｓpａpｅrsaｎdＴVnews．C.Clａssifieｄdocumentsａrepublisｈediｎtｈeirthousａndsonlinｅ.D.Morｅｐeoplearｅｉnvolveｄinfindiｎg,dｉｓcuｓsｉngandｄistribｕtiｎgｎｅws.13．Aｃcordｉngｔｏｔhepaｓsａge,wｈicｈisNOTaｒoleｐlayeｄｂyinformaｔioｎｔｅchnology?Ａ.Ｃｈallｅngingｔhｅtradｉｔionalmedia．Ｂ.Plannｉngｔｈｅreｔurntocｏffee－h(huán)ousenews．C.Ｐrｏviｄingpｅoｐlｅｗｉｔhacｃｅsｓtoclaｓsifiedfilｅs.D.Giviｎgoｒdｉｎａryｐeoplｅｔhechanｃetoprｏvidｅｎｅws.１4.Tｈeａuthoｒ’StonｅiｎtheｌastpａｒagｒaphtowarｄsnewjoｕrnａｌｉsmｉｓA.oｐｔimisticａnｄｃautiｏuｓ.B.ｓupporｔiveａｎdskeptical.C．doｕbtfuｌandreserved.D．a(chǎn)mｂｉgｕousaｎdcaｕtiｏuｓ．１５．Ｉn“Ｔheｃofｆeｅｈouseｉsback”,coｆｆeehousebesｔｓymbｏlizesA．thechａngingchａraｃｔerisｔｉcｓofｎewｓａudｉｅnce.B.theｍorｅdiversifｉｅdｍｅansofnewsｄiｓtribｕtｉon.C．thepａrtiｃipａt(yī)ｏrｙnａt(yī)ｕreofnｅws．D．ｔｈｅmoreｖａｒｉedｓourcｅsofnｅｗs.TEXＴBＰarisｉslikeｐorｎogｒaｐｈy.Yoｕrespondevｅnifｙoudon’twａnｔtｏ．Youｔｕｒnacoｒｎerandseeaｖｉｓｔa,ａndyourimagiｎａt(yī)ionboltsａｗay。SuddenlyｙｏuaｒethinｋingaboutｗｈatitｗouldbelｉketｏliveiｎParｉｓ，andthｅnyouｔhinkaboｕtallｔhｅｌivesyouhavenotlived．Soｍｅtiｍes，thoｕgh,wheｎyｏuareｌｕckｙ,youonlyｔｈinkaboutｈowmaｎyｐleasuｒeｓtheｄａyaｈeadｈolｄｓ.Then,youfeｅlprｉvilｅged．Tｈelobbyofthehotelｉsdecoratedｉｎrｅdaｎｄgolｄ.Itgｉvｅsoffａwhiffoｆ19ｍ.ceｎturydecadence．ProｂaｂlyasmｕchasanyｈotｅlinPariｓ，thishoteliｓseｘy.１wasstandiｎgfacingthereｖolvingdoorsandｔｈedrivewayｂｅｙｏnd．Acarwiｔhawomａnintｈebackｓeａt(yī)—aｗoｍaｎinａｓhｏrtskirtaｎdblaｃk—lｅathｅrjａｃｋet—pｕlｌｅｄupbefｏrethehoteldoor.Sｈeｓwｕngｏffandsｈewaｓwｅaｒinghｉghｈeeｌs．Normally，myｍｉｎdwoulｄhavｅleaｐｅdandiｍagｉnedａsｔorｙｆorｔhiｓwoman.Nｏwitdidn'tＩｓtｏｏdthｅreandtoldmyｓelf.Chｅe(cuò)ruｐ．Yoｕ’ｒeｉnParｉs．Inmanywayｓ，Parisisbｅstvisiｔedinｗiｎteｒ．Tｈetｏurisｔcrｏwｄsareataｍinimum，ａndonｅisnotbeｉngjammedoffthｅｎarｒｏwsiｄewalksａlongtｈeRueDaｕｐｈine.Morｅtｈanthｉs．PａrisislikｅmanｙotheｒEuropｅancitiesｉｎthaｔthesｅaｓonoｆblockbｕstercultｕraｌｅｖentstendstobeｇinｉnmｉd-tolateｆａllandsｏ，byｔhetｉmｅoｆwinｔer，mosｔoftheculturaltreａsuresofthｅｃiｔyaｒelaｉdouttｏbｅadｍｉreｄ.Ｔｈeoｔhergｒeａt(yī)ｒｅasonwhyParisiｎｗiｎtｅrｉssoｍuｃhｂettertｈａｎParisinspringaｎdfａｌｌｉsthaｔafｔertheendｏftheAugustholiｄaysandthereturnoｆchｉｃPaｒiｓianwｏｍｅntotheiｒciｔy,ｔｈerestａurant-openｉｎgseasｏｎtrｕｌybeginshｏpping．Bywinter，ｍanyｏｆｔｈenewrestaｕrantshａveworkeｄｏutｔheｉrkinks（局限性；困難)ａnd，oｎｃethehyｐeｈａsdｉeｄｄｏwn，ｉtispｏｓsibletｏｓeewｈicｈｒeｓtａuｒａntｓareａctualｌygoodandｗhicharｅmeｒelｙnｏｉsyaｎdｃrｏｗded．Mostpｅoｐleaｒeabｏutaｓhａppyasｔheｙseｔｔheirmiｎdtobeｉng,Lｉｎcolｎｓaid．InＰariｓitdoesn’ttakｅmuｃhtobehaｐｐy．Outsｉdethehoｔeｌ，tｈeｓｋyｗaspaleandfelｔveｒyhiｇｈｕp．IｗalkedthefewｂloｃksｔoｔｈeSｅineandbeganrunnｉnｇalongtheblue-gｒeenrｉveｒtowardｔhｅEifｆelＴoweｒ．Tｈetowｅrinthedｉｓtａnｃewasbｌack，ａnｄｆeｌtｓｔrａｎｇｅanｄbeauｔｉfulthewayｔhatmanythinｇsbuiltｆｏrthejoyｏfbｕｉldinｇｄo．AｓIrａnｔowａｒdit，ｂecauseofｉtslａｔticestｒucｔuｒe,thetowerseemedobvｉｏｕslｙdelicａｔｅ．Sｅe(cuò)inｇit，Iｆｅlｔaｓｅnseｏｆprｏtectiveness．ItｈinkitwastｈismｏmentofpｒｏｔectivｅnｅsｓtｈatmarkeｄthechａngeｉnmymoｏdanｄmｙslｏwlybecominｇｔhｒiｌledwithｂeinｇinＰaris．Ｄｕｒｉngwinｔerevenings，Pａriｓ’sstreetlａmpshａvｅahaｌoanｄresｅｍbledａndelioｎs.Inwｉｎtｅr,ｗhｅnｏneleavｅstheＰａrisstreetaｎdenteｒｓacaf6orrestaurａnt,ｔｈeｌiｇhtandtｅmperaｔurecｈangesuｄdeｎlyandｄramａt(yī)ically,therｅisthesｅnｓｅofｈaｖｉngdisｃｏveｒeｄｓｏmetｈinｇsecｒet．Inwintｅr,becａusｅtheｄａysarｅｓｈort,tｈｅreisａnurgencytotheｃhoicesoｎemakes.Ｔhereisｔhｅsenｓethatlifｅissｈorｔandsoｌetusdeｃideoｎwhatmatterｓ.1６.Ａcｃordingtothepａssage,onceinPａrｉsoｎｅｍigｈtexperiｅnceａlltｈefolloｗiｎgfeeliｎgsEXＣEPＴA．regｒet．B.condｅscenｓion.Ｃ．expectａt(yī)ioｎ．D．impｕｌｓe．17.WinterｉstｈeｂｅsｔｓeasｏｎｔovisiｔPaｒiｓ．WhiｃhoｆtheｆoｌｌowingdoesＮOTsｕpｐortthisstaｔemｅnt?A．FａｓhiｏnabｌeParｉsianwomenreｔｕｒｎtoParｉs．B.Mｏrｅe(cuò)nｔeｒtaｉnmenｔａｃｔivｉｔiｅsareｓｔaｇeｄ.C.Therearｅｍoregoodrestauraｎtｓtochoｏsefroｍ．Ｄ.ＴhｅrearefewerｔｏurｉstｓｉｎParis.1８.＂Moｓtpeｏpｌeareａｂouｔａshappyastｈeysｅtthｅirminｄtobｅinｇ．”ＴhisstatｅmentmｅanｓｔｈatmostpeｏpleA．ｅxpecｔtｏｂehappｙ.B.ｈｏpetobｅasｈapｐyａｓothers.C.ｗoｕldbehａppieriftheｙwaｎteｄ.D.canｂｅhappyifｔheｙwant．19．Iｎtheeyeｓoｆtheａuthor,wiｎｔeｒinParisiｓsiｇniｆｉｃantbeｃauｓｅoｆA．theatmoｓphｅｒeofitsevenings．B．itsimplicａt(yī)iｏnsfｏrlｉfe.C．thｅcoｎｔｒａｓｔitbrinｇs．D．ｔheｄｉｓｃｏｖeryonemakeｓ．20.Attheenｄｏｆthepassaｇｅ，theａuｔhorfoｕｎdhimselfinａmoodoｆA．exciｔement.B.thoughｔfｕlneｓs．Ｃ.ｌonelinｅｓs.D.joｙfuｌｎesｓ.TEXＴCIfyｏｕwantｔｏkｎowｗhyＤenmarkistｈeworｌd＇sleaderｉnｗindpｏｗeｒ,staｒtwithａt(yī)hree-hourcａrtripｆｒｏｍthecａｐitalＣopenhａgｅn--mｉnｄｔhebicyｃlists-－tothesmalltｏｗｎofLemontｈeｆarｗestｃoａstoｆJutland．You'lｌｆeelｉtａsyoucroｓsｔhe6.８km-ｌongＧreａt(yī)BelｔＢridｇe:Deｎｍａrk＇ｓbountifｕlwiｎｄ,sofｉerｃeevｅnonａcalmsｕmmｅr'sｄayｔhａt(yī)ｉtthreatenstoshoｖeyｏurcariｎtothewaｖｅsbeｌｏw．Buｔｗinｄｉtselfisonlyｐartofthereａｓon.InLem，worｋersiｎｆacｔoriｅstｈｅsizeｏfaｉrｃrafｔｈaｎｇarsbuiｌｄtｈewｉndturbineｓｓolｄbｙVestas,thｅDanｉshｃompaｎｙthathaｓemeｒgedastheｉnｄｕstｒy'stopmanufａcturerarouｎdtheｇｌoｂe.Thewｏrｋisbｏthgｒｏsｓaｎdfｉｎｅ；employｅe(cuò)swelｄｔogｅthｅrmassivｅcurvedsheetsofｓteeltoｍaｋｅcｅｎtralsｈａftｓasｔaｌlaｓa１4-storｙbuilding,aｎｄassemｂlｅe(cuò)nginehousiｎgs(機(jī)器外罩)ｔｈatｈｏlｄsｏme18,0０0separatepaｒts.Mostｉmpreｓsivearｅtｈｅturｂinｅ'sbladｅs，ｗｈichscｏoｐtｈewindwitｈeacｈsweeｐingｒevolutiｏn．AssmoｏthasanＯｌｙmｐicswｉmsuｉｔanｄｈonedtoaｅｒodynamicperfeｃtｉon,eaｃhbladeweighsinat７,０0０kg，andthey’ｒｅｗｈａt(yī)ｈeｌpｍakｅVesｔas’turｂinesthebestiｎthｅworld．“Thｅblaｄeｉswherethesｅcｒetis，”saysErｉkＴhｅrｋeｌseｎ,aVｅsｔasexecｕtive．“Ifweｃaｎｍakｅaｔｕｒbine，it＇ｓsoｌｄ.”Butｔeｃhnoloｇｙ,liｋetｈｅｗiｎdiｔselＫisｊustoｎemoｒepartofｔhereasonｆorＤenmarｋ'sｄominance．Ｉntheenｄ,ｉｔｈａpｐｅnedbecaｕsｅDeｎｍarkhadthｅｐolitiｃalandpuｂlicｗiｌlｔｏdecidethatitwanｔｅdtobｅaｌｅaｄｅrａndｔｏfollowｔhrouｇｈ．Begiｎnｉngin19７9,ｔhegoｖｅrnｍentbeｇaｎａdetermｉｎｅgrammｅofsｕｂｓｉdiｅsandloaｎguaｒanteｅstｏbuildｕpitswｉｎdｉndｕstｒｙ.Copenhagencｏｖereｄ30%ofinvestmeｎtｃoｓts,anｄguaranteedｌoanｓfｏｒlargeturbｉneｅxpoｒｔeｒｓsuchasVｅsｔａｓ.Itａlsoｍａndatedthatutilｉｔｉespｕrchａseｗｉnｄｅnｅrgｙaｔaprefｅreｎｔialpｒｉce—thｕsguａｒanteeiｎgｉnveｓtoｒsaｃｕｓtomerbase.Energｙtａｘｅsｗerｅcｈanneledinｔoreｓearｃhcenｔｒes,wｈerｅe(cuò)nginｅe(cuò)rscrａｆteｄdesignsｔhatwouｌｄeｖeｎtｕallyprｏｄｕｃecuｔtinｇ-ｅdgegiａntsｌｉkeVestas’3-magａｗaｔｔ(MW）V90tｕrbine.Ａsaresｕlt.windtｕrbineｓｎｏｗｄｏtＤｅnmark．Thｅcｏunｔrygｅtｓmoretｈaｎ19％ｏfｉｔseｌecｔriｃiｔyfromthｅbreeze（ＳpaｉnandPortugaｌ，tｈenｅxtｈｉghestcoｕnｔrｉes，ｇetabｏｕｔ10％)ａndDpａnｉesconｔrolone—thirdoｆtｈeｇｌobalwiｎｄｍarｋeｔ，earｎｉｎgbｉllioｎsiｎexportsaｎdcrｅａt(yī)inganationalchamｐionfromｓｃｒatｃh．“Ｔｈｅywerｅouteaｒｌyｉnｄrｉvingrｅnewablｅs,aｎdtｈaｔgavethｅmthechaｎｃetoｂeatechnｏｌogｙleaderａnｄajｏｂ—creatiｏnleａdｅr，”saysJakeSchmｉdｔ,inｔerｎａｔionaｌcｌimaｔeｐoｌiｃｙdｉrecｔoｒfoｒｔheNeｗYｏrｋＣｉｔｙ—ｂasedNａt(yī)uraｌReｓourｃｅsDeｆenseCｏｕncｉl.“Theｙｈavealｗaｙsbeenｏneortｗostepｓaheａdofｏthers．"TheｃｈalｌengeｎowforDenmarkｉstohｅｌｐtheｒestofthewoｒldcatｃhup.Ｂeyondｗiｎd,thecountry(pop.5.5miｌｌion)ｉsawoｒlｄleaｄerineｎｅrgyｅffiｃieｎcy，ｇeｔtｉnｇmoreGDPｐｅrwatｔthanaｎｙoｔhermeｍbeｒｏｆｔhｅE．U．Cａｒbｏｎeｍｉｓsioｎsａｒedown1３.3％from199０l(fā)ｅvｅlsanｄｔotalenergycｏｎｓumptionhａsbａｒelymoved，ｅｖenasDeｎｍark＇seconomycontinuedｔogrｏwａｔaｈealtｈyｃlip．WithCｏｐenhagenｓettｏhｏstall-ｉmporｔａntU．Ｎ．ｃliｍaｔecｈaｎgetalksinDeceｍber--wheretheworｌｄhoｐeｓfoｒasuｃcessorｔotheexpirｉngKyｏtｏProtocoｌ-－ａndtheglobalｒecｅssionbegｉnningtohiｔenvirｏnｍｅntａｌplanｓiｎcapitalｓeveｒywhｅre,Ｄeｎmark'sexａｍｐlｅcouldn'tｂeｍoretimelｙ．“Ｗe'lltｒytomaｋeDenmａrkashｏｗroom.”ｓaysPrｉmｅMiｎisterＡndeｒsFoghＲasｍussｅｎ．“Youcanreｄｕｃeenｅrgｙusｅandcaｒbonemissｉｏｎs,ａnｄａchieｖeｅcoｎomicgｒｏｗth."Iｔ'stemptingtoaｓsumetｈatDｅｎｍaｒkiｓｉnnaｔelygｒeeｎ，ｗiththｅkｉｎdofScandinaviaｎｇoodcoｎsciｅncｅthａt(yī)hasmａdeitsuchaplｅaｓaｎtｇloｂalciｔizensｉncｅ，oh，thewｈｏleVikingthinｇ．Butｔhecountrｙ’spolicｉｅｓｗeｒeａctuａlｌyborｎｆrｏmadｉfｆerentemotion,onenｏwincommonｃuｒrency：ｆear.Whenthe19７3ｏilｃriｓishit,90%ofDeｎmarｋ'ｓenergｙｃamefrompetroleuｍ，almoｓｔaｌlｏｆiｔimporｔed.Bｕffeｔｅdbｙthesamesupplｙshockｓｔhａｔｈitthｅｒestｏfthedｅvelｏpｅdwoｒｌｄ，Ｄenｍaｒｋlaｕnchedaｒａpｉddriveforenｅｒｇｙcｏnsｅrｖatioｎ，ｔoｔｈｅｐｏｉntｏfintroducingcａr－frｅｅＳundaysandaskｉngbuｓｉnesｓesｔoswitｃｈoｆｆlightsduringｃlｏsingｈｏurs.ＥveｎtｕalｌytｈeMｉdeaｓtoｉlstartedflowingａgain,ａndthｅDaneｓtｈemseｌvｅｓbegaｎenｊoyingthｅbeneｆitsofthepetｒｏleuｍａnｄｎatｕraｌgaｓintheirslｉceofｔheNortｈSea．Iｔwasenoughtoｍaketｈemｍorethaｎsｅlf-ｓufficｉeｎｔ．Butunliｋｅmoｓtotherｃountｒies,Dｅnmaｒkneveｒfoｒgｏtthelessonｓofl973,ａｎdｋepｔｄrivingｆoｒgreatｅrｅnergyefｆiciencyａnｄamｏredivｅrsifieｄeneｒgｙsｕpply.TheDａｎisｈpaｒｌiaｍeｎtraisedtaxesonenerｇytoｅnｃoｕraｇeｃonsｅrvationanｄestａblisheｄsｕｂsidieｓandstandaｒdstｏsupｐorｔmｏreefｆicｉｅｎtbuｉｌdｉｎgs.“Itallｓtaｒteｄoutwithｏuｔａnyｒegaｒｄfoｒｔheclｉmateｏrｔｈeenvｉronｍenｔ，”ｓａｙｓSｖendAuken,ｔｈefoｒmerheａdｏfＤenｍarｋ’ｓopposｉｔionSｏｃｉalＤemｏcratPａｒtyaｎｄthｅarｃhiｔectｏfｔhｅcountｒy＇ｓenvironｍｅntalpoliｃｉｅsinｔhe１9９０s.“Bｕｔｔodaytｈere’saｃonsensuｓｔｈaｔｗenｅe(cuò)dtobｕildrenewabｌepoｗeｒ."Totherｅstofｔhｅwｏｒld，Dｅｎmarkｈaｓthｅpowerofitsexample.shｏｗinｇtｈａt(yī)youcaｎｓtayrｉchandgrｏwｇｒｅｅnatthesametiｍｅ．“Ｄenmarｋｈaspｒoventhaｔaｃtiｎgonclｉmａt(yī)ｅcａnbeａｐｏsiｔivｅe(cuò)xperｉencｅ,ｎotjuｓｔpainfｕl,”saysNRＤＣ'sSchmｉｄt．Theｒeａlpaiｎｃoｕｌdｃomeｆromfailｉｎｇtofolｌoｗｉｎtheiｒｆｏｏtｓtepｓ.２1．ＷhicｈofthｅｆoｌlowiｎgisＮOＴｃitedasaｍａinreａsonfｏrDｅｎｍaｒk＇sworldlｅａdershｉｐｉnwindpower?A.Tecｈnology.B.Wｉnｄ.C.Governmeｎｔｄrｉve.D．Geograpｈｉcallocaｔion.2２．TｈeauｔhｏrhaｓdeｔaｉｌｅdsoｍeoftｈeeffortsｏｆｔｈｅＤanishＧovｅｒｎmeｎtinｐｒomotiｎgthewinｄiｎduｓtrｙinordeｒtoshowA.thegovernment’Sｄetｅｒｍiｎatioｎ．B．tｈecｏunｔry’Ssｕｂｓｉdyandloanpｏliｃies.C.thｅimportａnceofeｘporｔtｏtｈecoｕntry．D.ｔheｒoleｏftaxationtotheeconｏmy．23.Whatｄoestheauthormeanby“Denｍark'ｓｅxａmpｌecｏulｄn’ｔｂeｍoｒetiｍeｌy”?A．Dｅnmarｋ'sｅｎergy-savingｅffoｒtsｃannotbefolloweｄbyotｈeｒcoｕｎｔries.B．Deｎmarkcanmaｎufacｔureｍorｅwindｔｕrbｉnｅsfｏrothercountｒies.C.Ｄenmaｒk'sｅnｅrｇy-savinｇSuｃcｅｓsofｆersｔhewｏｒｌdaｕｓeｆulmｏdｅl．D.Denmａrkａimstoshoｗｔhｅｗorｌdtｈatitcaｎdｅvelopevenfaｓｔeｒ.24.Aｃcｏrdingｔotｈepasｓagｅ，Denmark'senｅrgy-saviｎgpｏliciesorｉgiｎatedfromＡ.theｃoｕntry＇ｓlonｇtrａditionofenviroｎｍｅｎｔａｌawａreness．Ｂ．thecｏuntry'spｒeｖiousexperｉｅnｃeofoiｌsｈoｒtaｇe．C．ｔhｅcｏuntry'sgraｖｅｓｈoｒｔageoｆnａt(yī)uralｒｅｓoｕｒｃes．Ｄ.thecouｎtｒy'sabｕndantwindreｓources.２５.WｈiｃｈofthｅfollｏｗingisNOTimpliｅdinthｅpaｓsaｇe?Ａ．Nottｏsａｖeenergycouｌdｌeadtoseriouｓconseqｕｅncｅs.Ｂ．Eｎergysavｉngｃanｎoｔgotoｇeｔｈeｒｗiｔheconoｍｉcｇｒowth.Ｃ.Energｙsaｖingeffortscａnbepaｉnfulbutposｉｔive.D．Denｍａrkisapoｗｅrfullｅadｅｒｉｎtheｇlobalwinｄmaｒkｅt.TEXＴDTｈｅfiｒｓtclｕecamewｈenIｇｏtmｙｈairｃut．Thesｔylistoｆferedｎｏtｊusｔtｈeuｓｕalcofｆeeorteabutａcomplｉｍentaｒyｎail—poliｓhchangewｈｉle１waitedfｏrmyhａirtｏdry．Ｍaybesｈeｈopedtｈiｓlittｌeamenｉtyｗouldslowthegｒoｗiｎginｃlinationofwomｅnｔosｔrｅtｃheachhaircuttoｌastfourｍonthsｗhｉleｎｕrsinｇourhairbacｋｔｏwｈatｅvernaｔuralcolourwelongａｇoforｇot.Tｈｅntherewasｔheappliａnceｓａleｓmａnwｈooｆfeｒedtｏcarrｙｍybaｇsａsｗetourｅｄｔhｅmｉcrowaｖeaisle.WheｎI(lǐng)calledmyｈusｂａndｔoaskhｉｍtochecksoｍｅspecsoｎline,thesalesmanoｆfeｒedａpｒe-empｔiｖｅｄiｓcount,lestｔhｅsuｒfingturnuptｈｅsameｍodeｌcｈeａperinanoｔherstore.Tｈatnight,ｆｏｒtｈefirsｔtime，ＩsawｔhｅHyunｄaｉａdpｒomｉsinｇｓhoppersthatifthｅybuyacaｒandｔｈenloｓｅtheｉrjobiｎｔheｎexｔｙeaｒ，ｔheycanreturnit.Suddenｌyeｖerythiｎｇ’ｓonsale.Theｕpsｉdeｔotheｅcｏnomiｃｄowntｕrnisｔｈｅiｍmeｎｓｅincｅｎtiveitgiveｓｒetailｅrstotreatyoulikeaqｕeenｆoraday．Durｉnｇthefｌushtｉmｅs．Ｓaｌespｅoｐlｅｗeresurly，waiｔerssｎobby．Butnowtｈｅcｕstｏｍeｒｒuｌes,jｕstfoｒshowｉｎgup．Tｈeｒe’smoreｒoomｔostretｃｈouｔoｎthefliｇht，eveniｎacoａcｈ．Ｔhｅmａlｌshａｖeｔhａt(yī)ｓｅreneauraofｕndisturbedwildｅrnｅss,withsｃａrｃｅlyaｓｈoppｅrinsight.Everycoｎvｅrsａt(yī)iｏnｗｉthａnyｏnｅsｅlliｎｇａnｙtｈｉngisaｐantｏｍiｍeｏfｐainandblｕff.Finｇｅrthescａrf,thenstarｔtｏwａlｋａway,andｉtsｐrｉcefloatssilkilｙdｏwｎwａrd．Ｗhenthemeｃhａｎiccallｓtotellyouthaｔbraｋesandａt(yī)ｉｍingｂelｔａndoｔｈerｓeｒvｉceswｉllｒuｎclosetｏ$2，00０,it'ｓtiｍeｔｏbrｅakoutｔhenewlyperfｅcｔedartofｔheｃｏｎsｉderedpａuｓe.Youreallydon＇tevｅnｈavetｏsaｙanｙtｈingｐｉｔifｕlbｅfoｒｅhe'lloffeｒtoknｏckafｅwhuｎｄreddollarｓｏff．Restaurantsarｅalsocauｇhtinafｉtofaｒｄenthoｓpｉtａlｉty,especiallｙaｒoundWａllStreeｔ：TriniｔyPｌａｃeｏffｅrs$３ｄriｎksathapｐyhｏｕｒanydａyｔhemａrketｇｏesdown.wiｔhthesｌoｇan“Maｒkｅttａnked？Gｅttaｎkｅd!”--whｉcheｎsuｒesaｌivｅlycroｗdｆｏrtheｃloｓiｎgbell．The"21＂Ｃlｕｂhasｄecideｄthatmennoｌongｅrｎｅｅdtoweartｉｅs，ｓoｌoｎgasｔheｙbｒinｇtｈeirwaｌｌets.Ｆooｄiｔｓeｌｆｉsfriendlｉer：yoｕnoticefortfoｏd,aｔrucebetwｅe(cuò)ｎcｈefanｄｐａｔronthatiseasiｅrｔoenjoyｎｏwthatyｏｕcanｇetatablepracticallyanｙwherｅ.ＮｅｗＹorkTiｍesreｓtaｕrantcriticＦｒankBrｕｎicharａcteｒiｚesｔhｅnｅwｒestauraｎtｄemeanoraｓ"extrｅmeｓolicitousnesｓtingeｄwiｔhouｔｒigｈｔdesｐeration．"“Youneedtohugthecustomｅｒ,”ｏneoｗneｒｔoldhｉm.There＇sａchancethaｔｅvenｔuallｙwe'lｌｒetuｒnａ１1thisｋindｎesｓwｉｔｈtｈｅe(cuò)ｘｔｒavagantｓpendingｔhatwasoncedecｒiｅdbutnｏｗeｖeｒｙoneishoｐｉngwｉllrｅｓｔarttheecoｎoｍy．Buthumａnｎａt(yī)urｅisｆｕnｎythａt(yī)wａｙ．Indaｎｇerouｓtｉmes,wecｌenchandsquinｔattｈeｄealthatlookｓtooｇoｏdtomiss,suspeｃｔinｇｔhatitmustｂｅtoogooｄtoｂetrue．Iｓthestｏreｗiththeｓｕpercheaｐｆlatscreensgoｉnｇtogobｕstaｎｄthusnotbｅtheretohonourthｅ＂ｆree"exteｎdedwａrraｎty？Isｔhereｓｏｍethiｎgｗrｏｎｇwiththatｆｒeecｈeese?Sｔoreowneｒswiｌltellyouｈorroｒstorｉesabｏutｓhoppersｗitｈattitudｅ,ｗhｏwalｋindemａnｄiｎｇdisｃountsａnｄflaunｔtheirnewpowerateverｙturｎ.Thesestoreｏｗnerswinceastｈeyseｎsebaｄｈａbiｔfｏrｍing：Wiｌlpｅｏpleexpectdｉscountsforｅvｅｒ?Willtheirharｄ.ｗoｎｂｒａnｄlusteｒbefoｒｅvｅrcheaｐenｅd，eｓｐecｉalｌyforitｅmswhｏsealｌureｄepｅnｄsonｔheirｂeingrｉdiculouｓlypriced?Thｅrewiｌｌsurelycoｍeａdaｙwhenthinｇsgobaｃktｏ“ｎorｍal”；retaiｌsａleseｖeｎiｎchedｕｐiｎJａｎuarｙａｆｔersiｎkiｎgｆorthepreviｏuｓsｉxmonths．Bｕt1ｗoｎderwhatｉｔwｉlltakｅfｏrUStｏｓeethｏse＄545ＳigｅrｓonMorrisｏnｓｔuddｅdｔoe-ringsａndalsasreaｓonable?Barｇaｉn－h(huán)unｔingcanbeadｄｉcｔiｖｅreｇardlｅssｏfthestateofthemarｋets,andｈａgglingｉsａloｗ-ｒiｓｋ,high-vaｌｕeｃｏntactsport.Ｔrａumadiｇsoｈａbiｔ，likeｍｙ８5-yｅar—oldmｏtheｒｓｔillｃａllｉｎｇhｅrcannｅd-goodｓｃaｂiｎet“ｔhebomｂsheltｅｒ."ThｅｃｈｉlｄｒｅnoftｈeFｉrｓtDeｐｒesｓionwereｓavingｓtｒｉngａndｐrｅacｈｉngsacrｉｆicelｏngaｆtertheskｉesｃlｅaｒed．Theycametobｅcalｌedtｈe“ｇｒeatesｔｇeｎerａt(yī)ion．"Aｓwｅlearntobｅdｅcentstewardｓofｏurresoｕｒｃes,whokｎowｓwhaｔmightcｏmeｏｆiｔ?Weｈaveｌiｖｅｄinａnageofｗantonwaste，ａnｄｔhereiｓvalueinpracｔiciｎｇconservationｔhatｇoesｆarbｅyondｏuｒｏwｎbottｏｍline.26.Accｏrdｉnｇtotｈepassaｇe,whatdｏes“ｔheｆirｓtｃlue"suｇgｅｓt?A．Shopstrｙａllkindsｏｆmeansｔoｐleaｓecustomeｒs．B．Shｏps,lａrｇeorsｍall,arｅoffｅriｎgbigｄiscounts.C．Wｏmenｔendtoｈavetheirhaircｕtｌｅssfreqｕｅntｌｙ．D．Cusｔｏmersreｆraiｎfrombｕyingthiｎgsimｐulｓiveｌy.27．Whicｈofｔhefｏｌｌoｗｉngbestdepｉctstheｒetａiｌeｒsｎow?A.Bad-ｔeｍpeｒed.B.Higｈlymｏtｉvａt(yī)eｄ．C.Ｏvｅr-frｉendｌｙ．D．Deeplyfｒｕstrａt(yī)ed．2８．Whatdoesｔheａuthormeaｎbｙ“thｅneｗlｙｐｅrfecｔｅdaｒtoftｈｅcoｎsideｒedpａｕse”?A.Cuｓtomersnｏｗrushｔｏbｕyｔhｉngｓｏnsalｅ．B.Cuｓtomershａvegｏｔasｅnsｅｏfsuｐeｒｉorｉtｙ.C.Custoｍeｒｓhaｖeｌearneｄｈowｔｏbaｒgain．D．Ｃustomershaveｈigherdｅmanｄsｆｏrseｒvice.２9．Aｃcordiｎgtothepasｓagｅ,“ｓhoppers...flａｕｎｔtheirnewｐoweratｅveｒyｔurn＂meａnsthatsｈｏppｅrｓｗｏulｄA.ｋeｅpaskingfｏｒmorｅｄiscｏｕntｓ．Ｂ.ｌikeｔｏshｏwｔｈatｔheｙａrepｏｗerful.C．likｅｔｏshｏwｏｆftheirｗealth．D．haveｍoredoubtsorｓuｓpiｃioｎ.30.Whａt(yī)ｉｓtheauthor'ｓmainmessaｇｅinｔｈelastｔwopaｒagraphｓ?A．Eｘtrａvagaｎtspendｉngｗouldｂoosｔeconomicgｒowth.B．One'sｌifeｅxpeｒiｅnｃｅｗouｌdturniｎtolｉfelｏｎgｈａｂiｔｓ．Ｃ．Customｅrsshｏuldexpectdｉscountsfoｒluxurygoｏds.D.Thepracticeoffrｕｇａlｉtyiｓofgreatimpｏrｔance．２0２3真題TＥXTAIusedtoloｏｋatmycｌosetandseecｌotheｓ．Thesedays,ｗheneverIcastmyeｙｅｓuｐonｔhestａckｓofsｈｏesandhangersofshｉrｔｓ,sweａt(yī)ｅｒsaｎdjacketｓ，Iseewａt(yī)er．Ｉttakeｓ56９gａlｌonｓtomanｕfaｃtureaT-shｉrｔ,fｒomｉtsstartｉｎtｈecｏｔtonfieｌdｓtoitsapｐeaｒanceonstｏreshelves.Ａpairｏfｒｕｎnｉngshoes?1,247ｇaｌlons．Uｎtillastfalｌ,I'dｂeeｎoｂｌivｉousｔoｍy＂waterfoｏtpｒｉnｔ"，whiｃhｉsdefinｅdａsｔheｔｏtalvｏlｕｍｅｏｆfreshwaｔｅrtｈａt(yī)iｓｕsedｔoｐroducegoｏdsanｄservicｅs,aｃcordinｇｔotheWａｔerＦootpriｎtNetwork.TheDuｔchnonprofithasbeenworkingtorａiseaｗarenessofｆreｓｈｗatersｃarcitysinｃｅ２0２3,ｂutitwaｓthrｏｕghtｈe＂ＧreｅnBlｕeBｏok"byＴhomａsM．ＫostiｇenｔhaｔIwasａｂｌeｔosｅe(cuò)hｏwmｙｏwnａｃｔiｏnsfactｏrediｎ.Ｉ'veinstalledｇｒay-watersystemstoｒeuｓethｅｗaｓtｅwaｔerfrｏmmylaundry,machｉneａndｂathtuｂaｎｄrｅrｏuｔeittoｍylanｄscape-ｓｙstｅｍsthaｔsａvｅ,onaverage,50ｇallonsofwaｔｅｒperｄａy.I＇vesetｕpｒａｉｎbａｒrｅlsaｎdinfiｌｔratｉｏnpiｔstｏcollectthousandsoｆｇalｌｏnｓofsｔormwatercascadingfromｍyｒooｆ.Ｉ'ｖeｅvenentｅredthelaｓtｂａsｔionofgreｅndoｍ-installinｇａｃｏｍpostｉｎｇtoilet.Sｕfｆicｅｔosay,I＇vebｅe(cuò)nｆeｅliｎgpｒｅtｔysatiｓfieｄwiｔhmyselfforalｌthedrｉｎkiｎgwaｔｅrI＇ｖesaｖeｄwｉtｈthｅsebｉg-ticketprｏjeｃｔs.ＮｏｗIrｅａlizethatmｙｄailyｃoｎsｕmpｔioncｈoiceｓcouldhavｅanevenlａrｇｅreffect–ｎotonｌyonthelocaｌwatersuppｌybutａlsoｇloｂaｌly:1.1ｂiｌliｏｎpeopｌeｈaｖｅｎｏacｃessｔofreshwater,ａｎd,ｉnthｅfｕｔure,ｔhoseｗhoｄoｈaｖeaccesswillhａvｅlessoｆiｔ.Ｔoseeｈowmuchｖirｔuaｌwater1wasusiｎg,Ilogｇeｄｏnｔｏthｅ＂GreenBlｕeＢook"websiteａnduｓeｄitswａt(yī)erfｏｏtpｒintcalculａt(yī)oｒ,ｅnｔeringmydailｙｃｏnｓumptionhabｉｔs．Tａｌｌyinｇuptheｗaterfootprｉｎtｏfmybreａkfasｔ，luｎcｈ，dｉnnerandsnacks,aｓwelｌasmydailydoｓeoｆｏｖeｒ-thｅ-coｕnｔeruppersanddｏwneｒs-coffee,wｉｎeandｂｅe(cuò)r-I'musinｇ512gallｏnsｏfvirｔualｗaterｅachｄayｊｕｓｔｔofｅe(cuò)dmyself.Inaword:aｌaｒｍｉｎg．EvｅｎｍoreaｌａrｍiｎgwashowｍuchhiddenwaterＩwasuｓingｔoｇetｄｒｅssed.Ｉ＇mｈａｒdlyaｃlothesｈorsｅ,butｔhefｅｗnewiteｍｓIbuyonceaｇａｉntruｍｐｅdtheamｏunｔofwaterfloｗinｇｆrｏmmyfauceｔsｅａcｈｄａy．IfＩ'ｍsｅriｏusａｂｏutsaｖingwateｒ，IreａlizedIcouldmａkesoｍesimｐlelｉfestyleshifts．Loｏｋingmorｅｃｌoselyaｔtheａreasｉｎｍylifethａｔuｓethｅmostｖｉｒtualwａt(yī)ｅｒ，iｔｗasfooｄanｄclothes,ｓpecifiｃaｌlymeat,ｃoffeeand,oddlｙ,bｌuejeansandleatｈeｒｊacｋｅts.Beingaｍotorcyclist,Iownanuｎusuallylargeamoｕntｏfｌeatheｒ-bootsandjacｋetsinparticular.Ａllｏfitiseｎｅnsive.Ittakes7,９96ｇalloｎsｔomakealeather．jacｋet,leａt(yī)herｂeｉｎgabyｐroductofbeef.Iｔｔakｅs2,866ｇａｌlonｓofwatertｏmakeａｓinｇleｐairoｆbluejeａns,ｂecauｓetｈey'rｅmadefromwater－h(huán)ｏｇgｉｎgcotｔoｎ.CｒunｃhiｎｇthenumｂeｒｓfｏrｔｈeamounｔｏfcｌｏthｅsIbuyevｅryyeａｒ，itｌｏoksaloｔlikｅmyｆriｅｎd'sswimmｉngpool.MyeｎｔｉrｅclｏsetiｓbordｅrｌiｎｅＯlympiｃ.Gulｐ．Mｙlatereｓolutｉｏnistｏbuysomeiteｍsusｅｄ.Ｕnderｗｅaraｎdsocｋsarｅ，ofcourse,eｘemｐtfroｍthiｓsｔratｅｇy,but1hａvenoｐroｂlｅｍshoｐpingｌessandalsｏsｈoppingatGｏoｄｗilｌ.Infacｔ，I'ｄbｅe(cuò)ｎdoinｇthａt(yī)ｆ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