2022-2023學(xué)年山東省聊城市高三（上）期末英語試卷（含解析）

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省聊城市高三（上）期末英語試卷題號一二三四五總分得分注意事項:

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷（選擇題）一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AWithawaveofredesignedeco-friendlyhotelsopeningacrossthecountry，travel.Affordableyawonderfulhotelstayduringyourtravel.AffordablehotelsacrossAustraliaareliftingthebarwithoutliftingthepricetag，astheysharpentheirfacilities，styling，door.Thesandfoodinabidtoattractusthroughthefrontdoor.Thefollowingaresomewonderfulhotelsforyourkeenstayduringtravel.

VOCOMELBOURNECENTRAL

Astylishnew-buildhotellieswithinMelbourne'sbeatingheart，withbig-cityviews，windowsthatactuallyopen，aheatedpoolandastrongsustainabilityfocusincludingbeddingmadefromrecycledplastics，andbamboobikes.

From﹩251，

THEBENSON，CAIRNS

ForloversofAmericana，thelocally-owned，101-roomhotelchannelsaMiami-Floridabeachvibewithastylishartdecoslant，withlivemusicandarooftopbar，materials.Thehrecycledmaterials.Thefour-star，city-centrehotelisfiveminutesfromtheesplanade.

From﹩220，.au

ACBYMARRIOTTMELBOURNESOUTHBANK

ASpanishflavour，urbaneroomdesignandexpansiveviewsovertheMelbourneCBDskyline，allsetashorttramridefromFlindersStStation，whichhelpsreduceyourcarbonfootprint.

From﹩220，

HOLIDAYINNEXPRESS&SUITES，SUNSHINECOAST

OpenedinMaroochydoreinMay，thenewestenergy-savingHIEincludessuitesdesignedforlongerstays，withkitchenettesandseparatelivingroomsgreatfortravellingfamiliesorcouples.

From﹩239，Whichhotelmaybethebestchoiceforamusiclover？______A.THEBENSON，CAIRNS

B.VOCOMELBOURNECENTRAL

C.ACBYMARRIOTTMELBOURNESOUTHBANK

D.HOLIDAYINNEXPRESS&SUITES，SUNSHINECOAST2.Whatdothesehotelshaveincommon？______A.Theyallhaveseaviewrooms.

B.Theyallhavegoodreputations.

C.Theyareallenvironmentallyfriendly.

D.Theyarealllocatedinthecitycenter.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？______A.Atravelwebsite. B.Anartposter.

C.Atraveljournal. D.Asciencemagazine.BAColoradowomanwholostthediamondengagementringgiventoherbyherfianceshortlybeforehediedwasreunitedwiththepreciousitemweekslaterbyamanwhofounditinthemud.

purse.ShekensaidshehadjustfinishedagameoftennisinDenverafewweeksagowhensheapparentlydroppedherringonthegroundwhilefishingherkeysoutofherpurse.Shesaidshedidn'trealizewhathadhappeneduntilmuchlater.

AikentoldKDVR-TVabouthermissingring，andthestorycametotheattentionofDudeOlguin，anemployeeatBreweryBarIIinDenver，it.Olguinverheardsomecustomerstalkingaboutit.Olguinsaidhewonderedifthewomanfromthestorywastheowneroftheringherecentlyfound.

day.Isgettingreadytogotomythirdjobthenextday.Iwasjustgoingtomycar，andIjusthappenedtolookdown，"OlguintoldKDVR-TV."Myfirstreaction，youknow，temptation—maybegopawnitortofindajewelertotellmemoreaboutit，"hesaid."Butreally，myfaithtoldmejusttoholdontoitandjustwaitandlisten."

OlguinaskedAikentomeethimattherestaurant."Hewenttohiscar，andcamebackwiththering，"Aikensaid."ImmediatelyIwasintears，it.Itldn'tbelieveit.It'samiracle."Shesaidthereturnoftheringwasespeciallymeaningful."Itdefinitelyreconnectedmeagainwithmyfiance，loves.Theaid."Thefactofwhereitwasfoundandhowitwasfoundandanemployeethatworkshereataplaceheloves.Thewholeconnectionisreally，reallyamazingandatrueblessing."

Olguindeclinedarewardforthering'sreturn."Itoldher，thepaymentformeisourfriendship，andwe'regoingtobelifetimefriends，"Olguinsaid.4.WhatcausedAikentolosethediamondring？______A.Herforgetfulness. B.Hercarelessness.

C.Herbrokenpurse. D.Herplayingtennis.5.WhatwasOlguin'sfirstreactionafterfindingthering？______A.Hechosetofollowhisfaith.

B.Hewantedtokeepitforhimself.

C.Hewantedtoreturnittoitsowner.

D.HeaskedAikentomeethimimmediately.6.WhydidthediamondringmeanalottoAiken？______A.Itwasapricelesscollection.

B.Itwasasymboloffriendship.

C.Itremindedherofherfiance.

D.Itwaswelldesignedbyherfiance.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？______A.Thelostdiamondringfoundinthemud

B.Thelostdiamondringreturnedbyastranger

C.Kindness—aqualitytospreadinacommunity

D.Kindness—aqualitytopayforwardamongstrangersCScientistsestimatethatmorethan95percentofEarth'soceanshaveneverbeenobserved，Mars.Theanswehaveseenlessofourplanet'soceanthanwehavethefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Thehighcostofpoweringanunderwatercameraforalongtime，bytyingittoaresearchboatorsendingashiptorechargeitsbatteries，isasteepchallengepreventingwidespreadunderseaexploration.

MITresearchershavetakenamajorsteptoovercomethisproblembydevelopingabattery-free，wirelessunderwatercamerathatisabout100，cameras.Theorethanotherunderseacameras.Thedevicetakescolorphotos，evenindarkunderwaterenvironments，andtransmitsimagedatawirelesslythroughthewater.

sound.Itequipment.Afterspoweredbysound.Ittransformsmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftercapturingandencoding（編碼）imagedata，thecameraalsousessoundwavestotransmitdatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.

Becauseitdoesn'tneedapowersource，thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbefore，species.Itcientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.Itcouldalsobeusedtocaptureimagesofoceanpollutionormonitorthehealthandgrowthoffishraisedinaquaculturefarms.

monitoring.Weostexcitingapplicationsofthiscameraformepersonallyisinthecontextofclimatemonitoring.Wearebuildingclimatemodels，ocean.Thismissingdatafromover95percentoftheocean.Thistechnologycouldhelpusbuildmoreaccurateclimatemodelsandbetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld，"saysFadelAdib，associateprofessorintheDepartmentofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience.8.Whatdoesparagraphlmainlytellus？______A.Theintroductionofnewbatteries.

B.Theemphasisonscientists'leadingwork.

C.Theadvertisementforunderwatercameras.

D.Thedifficultyofwidespreadunderseaexploration.9.Howisthecamerapowered？______A.Itischargedbybatteries.

B.Itusessoundwavestotransmitdata.

C.Itchangessoundwavesintowaterenergy.

D.Itchangesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retrieval"meaninparagraph4？______A.Beingfetched. B.Beingdestroyed.

C.Beingoutofcontrol. D.Beingreconstructed.11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMITresearchers'camera？______A.Itaffectsclimatechangeefficiently.

B.Itwillbewidelyusedinsomefields.

C.ItwillhelpknowmoreaboutMars'climate.

D.Itmonitorsthehealthandgrowthofnewspecies.DIt'soneoftheultimatetestsofwillpower：hungry.Thenwanderingaroundthemarketforhoursandyou'retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchasmellofsomethingfragrant（香的）anddelicious，fattening.Junklater.Itostcertainlyfattening.Junkfoodcompaniesarewellawarethatthesmelloftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrainandthatyou'llpayforthatlater.Itisaresponsethathasbeenresearched，andyou'dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchainshavemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.

process.Havecloserlookatthisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverindulgentfood（放縱型食品）catchesyourattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit？Acoupleofminuteslateryouarestandinginline，anditisn'tquiteasappealingasitwasjustmomentsago，butnowyou'veinvestedtime，soyoutrustyourfirstfeelingtotreatyourself.

away.Dipayanstatementsaysthatthisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.DipayanBiswas，amarketingprofessor，foundthereisadirectconnectionbetweenhowlongapersonisexposedtoindulgentfoodsmellsandchoosinghealthierfoods."Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithnosmelloranon-junk-food-relatedsmell，"readsthesummaryofhisstudy.

Whatappearstobegoingonhereisthatthebraindoesn'tnecessarilydistinguishbetweenapleasurablesmellandapleasanttaste."Extendedexposuretoanindulgentfoodsmellbringspleasureinthemind，whichinturnreducesthedesireforactualconsumptionofindulgentfoods，explains.Soexplains.Sonexttimeyoufeelyoudon'thavethewillpowertoresistcookies，smellallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.Toyourbrainit'sthesameasactuallyeatingcookies，andthepurchasedesirewoulddecrease.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutjunkfoodsmellsfromthefirstparagraph？______A.Theyhardlyaffectpeople'sfoodchoices.

B.Theycanmakeadifferenceinmarketing.

C.Theyareunlikelytofoolwisecustomers.

D.Theyfinallydecreasepeople'spurchasedesire.13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphbasicallyserveas？______A.Anexample. B.Anargument. C.Acomparison. D.Acomment.14.WhichstatementwillBiswasprobablyagreewith？______A.Theinfluenceoffoodsmellschangesovertime.

B.Thesensesoftasteandsmellarecloselylinked.

C.Thebehaviorofsmellingfooddoesn'tequaleatingit.

D.Thebraincan'ttellwheresensorypleasureisfrom.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.Trainyourbraintoresistjunkfood

B.Smellsofjunkfoodcankeepyouoffit

C.Watchoutfortrickymarketingtools

D.Foodaddictionisneveraboutwillpower二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Somepeopleloveagreatthunderstorm；othersarefrightenedbythefirstflashoflightningorsoundofthunder.(1)Butthereareeasystepsyoucantaketoprotectyourhomeandyourlifefromlightning.

ProtectElectronicsfromSevereWeather

(2)Itcanfollowthewiresorphonelinesintoyourroom—ruiningcomputers，TVsandotherelectronics.Oneprotectionagainstelectronicsbeing"fried"bylightningissimplytounplugthemwheneverarainorastormiscoming.DisconnectInternetandsatellitedishconnectionsnomatterwheretheyare.

ReducetheRiskofFire

Lightningrods（避雷針）canprotectabuildingfromcatchingfire.(3)Theyjustprovideapathfortheelectricitytoreachthegroundmoresafely.Therodsatthetopofthebuildingareonlythefirstpartofagoodsystem.Whenlightningstrikes，theelectricityneedstomovetotheground.Wiresconductelectricityfromthelightningrodstometalrodsburiedintheground.(4)UnderstandLightning

Whenlightninghitstheground，atree，atowerorevenabuilding，itmayalsospreadsalongtheground，sobeingnearsomethingthat'sstruckbylightningisalmostasdangerousasbeinghitdirectlybylightning.(5)TheEmpireStateBuildinggetsstruckbylightningaround20timeseveryyear.Itslightningrodprotectsthestructure，aswellasthepeopleinside.

A．Itcanevenstrikethesamespotmorethanonce.

B．Youmightwanttoconsiderprotectinganentirebuilding.

C．Whenthishappens，anythinginitspathcouldbeindanger.

D．Butthechanceoflightningstrikingyourhousedoesn'tchange.

E．Eachconnectionmustbesecuresolightningdoesn'tjumptothebuilding.

F．Lightninghittingyourroofornearbypowerlinesisterriblebutnotworst.

G．Whetheryouloveorhatethem，thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning.16.?A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H17.?A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H18.?A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H19.?A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H20.?A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）JimMcIngvalewatchedinhorrorasHurricaneIdamadelandfall，hittingLouisiana.Forhim，it(21)onething：Timeto"getinthegame".McIngvale，whoownsGalleryFurnitureinHouston，quicklycalledfor(22)ofnecessitieslikefoodandwater.Thenheandhisworkers(23)everytrucktotakethemtoLouisiana.

"Fiveyearsago，Louisiana(24)tousHoustoniansduringHurricaneHarvey，so(25)，it'stherightthingtodotohelpourneighbors，"McIngvalesaid.Healsoopenedhisfurnitureshowroomto(26)manyfamilies.

AnaLeeisamongthosehavingbeen(27)tothestorm.HedrovetoGalleryFurnitureafterbeingtoldaboutMcIngvale's(28)."Iwaswarmlyreceived，"Leesaid."It'sa(29)tomeetsomebodylikehim."

Peoplewholineduptohelpoutsaidtheydidsoafter(30)watchingMcIngvalehelpthoseinneed.ChrisOglewasoneofthem(31)byMcIngvale.Hehelpedputting(32)ontotrucksaftergivingawaysomebottledwatertothe(33).Hesaid，"IfyouknewMcIngvale，youwouldn'tbe(34)bythelonglinesofpeoplewaitingtocontribute.(35)，thiswasnotthefirsttimehehadhelpedfreely."21.?A.meant B.proved C.stressed D.affected22.?A.introductions B.preparations C.distributions D.donations23.?A.checked B.emptied C.loaded D.cleaned24.?A.cameup B.madeup C.stuckout D.reachedout25.?A.inreturn B.ingeneral C.atlast D.atheart26.?A.feed B.comfort C.shelter D.examine27.?A.used B.directed C.subjected D.challenged28.?A.generosity B.honesty C.bravery D.sympathy29.?A.chance B.pleasure C.plan D.dream30.?A.accidentally B.frequently C.curiously D.carefully31.?A.supported B.approached C.persuaded D.inspired32.?A.products B.clothes C.supplies D.bottles33.?A.effort B.company C.service D.battle34.?A.touched B.surprised C.excited D.delighted35.?A.Obviously B.Hopefully C.Eventually D.Actually第II卷（非選擇題）四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Ifyourcountrydoesnothaveitsowntree-plantingday,maybeyoushouldsuggestitonsocialmedia!Thatis（1）______onemaninTurkeyrecentlydid.

OnTwitter,EnesSahinsuggested（2）______（set）asideadayforplantingtreesinTurkey.Heaskedotherstosupporthisidea.Andtheydid.Histweet（3）______（quick）wentviral.Sahinwrote,"Let'sdedicateadayforall82millionpeopleinthecountry,includingthechildrenandtheelderly,toplanttrees.Let'sset（4）______exampletotheworldandhanddownagreencountrytotheupcominggenerations."

Turkishofficialstooknotice.RumeysaKada,Turkey′syoungestelecteddeputy,tweeted,"Thisisan（5）______（amaze）idea.Itwillbeonouragendafortomorrow.Kadaklater（6）______（meet）withSahintodiscusshisidea.ThentheTurkishPresidentlatersenthisownmessageonTwitter.Hewrote,"MyfriendsandIwillundertake（7）______（responsible）tomakesurethatwehaveanationaltree-plantingday."

Evenifyourcountrydoesnothaveanyspecialday（8）______eventsfortreeplanting,youcanalwaysgoitalone!CanadianKenChaplinholdstheworldrecordforthemosttrees（9）______（plant）inonedaybyasingleperson.OnJune30，2001，heplanted15，170redpineseedlingsby（10）______（he）inCanada'sSaskatchewanprovince.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.你校落實教育部"每位學(xué)生掌握1至2項運(yùn)動技能"的要求，為全校學(xué)生開設(shè)豐富的體育課程。請你給學(xué)校英文報寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）選擇的課程及原因；

（2）個人的收獲及感受。

注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

______38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

AfternoonwasMrs.Conroy'sfavoritetimeofday.Afteraday'shardwork,hereyesweretiredandherfeethurt.Sheenjoyedthenicelongnapshetookonthebus.Mrs.Conroyhadmadefriendswiththebusdriver,Mr.Angstrom.Healwayswokeherupbeforeherstop.Sheusuallyfeltfreshwhenshegotoffthebus.

Buttodaywasdifferent.Mr.Angstromwasn'tdriving.Asmallmaninawrinkleduniformsatinthedriver'sseat.

"Where'sMr.Angstrom？"askedMrs.Conroy,droppinghermoneyintothebox.

"Idon'tknow.Sick,Iguess.Ijustworkhere,lady."Steptothebackseat.

Mrs.ConroyhopedthatMr.Angstromwasallright.Shedidn'tlikethisnewdriver.Shedecidednottosleeponthewayhometoday.Shedidn'twanttoaskthisdrivertowakeher.Hedidn'tlooklikethetypewho'dwanttodoanyoneafavor.

Mrs.Conroytriedtokeephereyesopen,butthegentlerockingofthebushadacalmeffect.Withinafewminuteshereyesclosed.Withherheaddroppingtohershoulders,Mrs.Conroyfellfastasleep.

ThenextthingMrs.Conroyknew,ahandwasonhershoulder.Someonewasshakingherawake.

"Wakeup,lady.We'vecometotheendoftheline.Wakeup."

Mrs.Conroyblinked（眨眼）andopenedhereyes.Thebusdriverlookeddownather."Timeforyoutogetoffthebus."

Mrs.Conroypeeredoutthewindow."WhereamI？"sheasked."IwassupposedtogetoffatEssexAvenue."

"You'reatthelaststop,lady.Comeon,getoffthebus.Ihaveascheduletokeepto."

Mrs.Conroywashavingtroublewakingup.Thebusdrivertookherarmandhelpedherdownthebus."Waitaminute,"shesaidinasharpvoice."Thisisn'tEssexAvenue.WhereamI？HowcanIgethome？"

"Canyouridemeback？"shebegged."Sorry,lady.It'sagainsttherules."hesaidasheclosedthedoor.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Mrs.Conroywatchedthebusdisappeardowntheroad.________

Tenminuteslater,thebusdriverreturnedandspeduptoMrs.Conroy._________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個小標(biāo)題下的第一句ForloversofAmericana，thelocally-owned，101-roomhotelchannelsaMiami-Floridabeachvibewithastylishartdecoslant，withlivemusicandarooftopbar，decoratedwithrecycledmaterials.（對于熱愛美國文化的人來說，當(dāng)?shù)厝怂鶕碛械?01個房間的客房通過以時尚的藝術(shù)裝飾風(fēng)格，現(xiàn)場音樂和屋頂酒吧，來營造邁阿密佛羅里達(dá)海灘的氛圍，它們都是由廢舊材料裝飾的。）可知，對于音樂愛好者的最好選擇是THEBENSON，CAIRNS。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Withawaveofredesignedeco-friendlyhotelsopeningacrossthecountry，it'stimetoenjoyawonderfulhotelstayduringyourtravel.（隨著帶有一股重新設(shè)計的環(huán)保浪潮的酒店在全國各地開業(yè)，是時候在旅行中享受美妙的酒店住宿了。）可知，文中酒店的共同點就是環(huán)保。故選C。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)每個小標(biāo)題最后出現(xiàn)的網(wǎng)址，可以推斷出這篇文章出自旅游網(wǎng)站。故選A。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了澳大利亞一些性價比高的環(huán)保住宿酒店。

1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

4~7.【答案】B、B、C、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段RaquelAikensaidshehadjustfinishedagameoftennisinDenverafewweeksagowhensheapparentlydroppedherringonthegroundwhilefishingherkeysoutofherpurse.Shesaidshedidn'trealizewhathadhappeneduntilmuchlater.（RaquelAiken表示，幾周前，她剛剛在丹佛打完一場網(wǎng)球，顯然是在從錢包里掏出鑰匙時，戒指掉在了地上。她說她直到很久以后才意識到發(fā)生了什么）可知艾肯的粗心大意導(dǎo)致她丟失了鉆石戒指。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Myfirstreaction，youknow，temptation—maybegopawnitortofindajewelertotellmemoreaboutit，"hesaid.（"我的第一反應(yīng)，你知道，誘惑——也許去典當(dāng)它，或者找一個珠寶商告訴我更多關(guān)于它的事情，"他說）可知，Olguin發(fā)現(xiàn)戒指后的第一反應(yīng)是想把它據(jù)為己有。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Shesaidthereturnoftheringwasespeciallymeaningful.??"Itdefinitelyreconnectedmeagainwithmyfiance，"Aikensaid.?（她說，戒指的回歸特別有意義。艾肯說："這絕對讓我和我的未婚夫再次聯(lián)系在了一起。"）可知，鉆戒對艾肯來說意義重大是因為這讓她想起了她的未婚夫。故選C。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段AColoradowomanwholostthediamondengagementringgiventoherbyherfianceshortlybeforehediedwasreunitedwiththepreciousitemweekslaterbyamanwhofounditinthemud.（科羅拉多州一名女子丟失了未婚夫去世前不久送給她的訂婚鉆戒，幾周后，一名男子在泥濘中找到了這枚珍貴的戒指）可知，本文主要講述了RaquelAiken不下心遺失了她未婚夫送給她的訂婚戒指，一個陌生男子找到了這枚戒指，并最終歸還給她的故事，所以B項"Thelostdiamondringreturnedbyastranger（丟失的鉆戒被一個陌生人還回來了）"為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

本文是一篇記敘文。講述了RaquelAiken不下心遺失了她未婚夫送給她的訂婚戒指，DudeOlguin找到了戒指，并最終歸還給Aiken。

1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8~11.【答案】D、D、A、B【解析】（1）段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段Scientistsestimatethatmorethan95percentofEarth'soceanshaveneverbeenobserved，whichmeanswehaveseenlessofourplanet'soceanthanwehavethefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Thehighcostofpoweringanunderwatercameraforalongtime，bytyingittoaresearchboatorsendingashiptorechargeitsbatteries，isasteepchallengepreventingwidespreadunderseaexploration.（科學(xué)家估計，地球上超過95%的海洋從未被觀測到過，這意味著我們看到的地球海洋比月球背面或火星表面還少。長時間為水下攝像機(jī)供電的高成本——將其綁在研究船上或派遣船只給其充電——是一個嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，阻礙了大范圍的海底勘探）可知，本段主要講述了對海洋進(jìn)行大范圍的勘測所面臨的困難。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Theautonomouscameraispoweredbysound.Ittransformsmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.（自動攝像機(jī)是由聲音驅(qū)動的。它將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為其成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力）可知，水下攝像機(jī)是將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為其成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力。故選D。

（3）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前Becauseitdoesn'tneedapowersource，thecameracouldrunforweeksonend（因為不需要電源，相機(jī)可以連續(xù)運(yùn)行幾個星期）和下文enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.（使科學(xué)家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種）可知，相機(jī)由于不用充電，所以可以持續(xù)運(yùn)行好幾個星期，幫助研究人員獲得研究需要的東西，最后被取回。所以可推知，劃線詞此處的含義為"被取回"，A．Being?fetched.被取回；B．Being?destroyed.被破壞；C．Being?out?of?control.不受控制；D．Being?reconstructed.被重建。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.Itcouldalsobeusedtocaptureimagesofoceanpollutionormonitorthehealthandgrowthoffishraisedinaquaculturefarms.（使科學(xué)家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種。它還可用于捕捉海洋污染圖像或監(jiān)測水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場養(yǎng)殖魚類的健康和生長情況）可知，這個水下攝像機(jī)除了能幫助科學(xué)家們認(rèn)識海洋偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的新物種，還可用于捕捉海洋污染圖像或監(jiān)測水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場養(yǎng)殖魚類的健康和生長情況。最后一段Oneofthemostexcitingapplicationsofthiscameraformepersonallyisinthecontextofclimatemonitoring.Wearebuildingclimatemodels，butwearemissingdatafromover95percentoftheocean.Thistechnologycouldhelpusbuildmoreaccurateclimatemodelsandbetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld（對我個人來說，這種相機(jī)最令人興奮的應(yīng)用之一是在氣候監(jiān)測方面。我們正在建立氣候模型，但是我們丟失了超過95%的海洋數(shù)據(jù)。這項技術(shù)可以幫助我們建立更精確的氣候模型，更好地了解氣候變化如何影響水下世界）可知，這種相機(jī)最令人興奮的應(yīng)用之一是在氣候監(jiān)測方面。可推知，它將在一些領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。故選B。

這是一篇說明文。文章講述了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)了一種無電池的無線水下攝像機(jī)，這個水下攝像機(jī)除了能幫助科學(xué)家們認(rèn)識海洋偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的新物種，還可用于捕捉海洋污染圖像或監(jiān)測水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場養(yǎng)殖魚類的健康和生長情況。在氣候監(jiān)測方面，這項技術(shù)可以幫助研究人員建立更精確的氣候模型，更好地了解氣候變化如何影響水下世界。

1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

12~15.【答案】B、A、A、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Junkfoodcompaniesarewellawarethatthesmelloftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrainandthatyou'llpayforthatlater.Itisaresponsethathasbeenresearched，andyou'dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchainshavemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.（食品公司很清楚，他們產(chǎn)品的味道會在你的大腦中激起欲望，你會為此付出代價。這是一個經(jīng)過研究的反應(yīng)，你最好相信你最喜歡的快餐連鎖店的營銷團(tuán)隊正在利用這項對他們有利的研究。）可知，我們可以從第一段垃圾食品的氣味中知道垃圾食品會在市場營銷中起作用。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Itisaresponsethathasbeenresearched，andyou'dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchainshavemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.（這是一個經(jīng)過研究的反應(yīng)，你最好相信你最喜歡的快餐連鎖店的營銷團(tuán)隊正在利用這項對他們有利的研究。）以及第二段Let'stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.（讓我們仔細(xì)看看這個過程。）可知第二段的作用是充當(dāng)了一個例子，具體舉例來說明快餐連鎖店的營銷團(tuán)隊是如何利用這項對他們有利的研究的。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithnosmelloranon-junk-food-relatedsmell，（一系列實驗的結(jié)果表明，與沒有氣味或與垃圾食品無關(guān)的氣味相比，暴露在垃圾食品氣味中超過兩分鐘會導(dǎo)致購買不健康食品的人數(shù)減少。）可知在Biswas看來食品氣味的影響會隨著時間發(fā)生變化的。故選A。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段講的是垃圾食品公司在營銷中會利用產(chǎn)品的氣味會激起人們的購買欲望這一特點來謀利；第二段舉例來說明營銷團(tuán)隊如何利用產(chǎn)品的氣味會激起人們的購買欲望這一特點；第三段主要的是食品氣味的影響會隨著時間發(fā)生變化的，第四段對全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，綜觀全文可知，本文主要講的是長時間聞垃圾食品的氣味會降低消費者的購買欲望，所以B項"垃圾食品的氣味會讓你遠(yuǎn)離它"作為本文標(biāo)題最佳。故選B。

這是一篇說明文，文章主要講的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)長時間聞垃圾食品的氣味會降低消費者的購買欲望。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

16~20.【答案】G、F、D、E、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Somepeopleloveagreatthunderstorm；othersarefrightenedbythefirstflashoflightningorsoundofthunder.（有些人喜歡大雷雨；另一些人則會被第一道閃電或雷聲嚇到）以及后文Butthereareeasystepsyoucantaketoprotectyourhomeandyourlifefromlightning.（但你可以采取一些簡單的措施來保護(hù)你的家和你的生活免受閃電的傷害）可知，G項中的"Whetheryouloveorhatethem"與前文相呼應(yīng)，"thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning"說明了人們?yōu)槭裁葱枰扇〈胧┮苑朗艿絺?，與后文呼應(yīng)。故G項"不管你喜歡還是討厭雷暴，雷暴都會產(chǎn)生危險的閃電"符合語境。故選G。

（2）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)后文Itcanfollowthewiresorphonelinesintoyourroom—ruiningcomputers，TVsandotherelectronics.（它可以跟隨電線或電話線進(jìn)入你的房間，破壞電腦、電視和其他電子產(chǎn)品）可推斷，空處應(yīng)介紹閃電發(fā)生時的一種情況。F項提到"閃電擊中了你家的屋頂或附近的輸電線，這很糟糕但不是最壞的"，與空后一句描述的更糟糕的情況銜接。故選F。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Lightningrods（避雷針）canprotectabuildingfromcatchingfire.（避雷針可以防止建筑物著火）"以及后文"Theyjustprovideapathfortheelectricitytoreachthegroundmoresafely.（它們只是為電力更安全地到達(dá)地面提供了一條通道）以及空后的just可推斷，空處應(yīng)指出了避雷針不能起到的作用。D項"但是閃電擊中你的房子的概率不會改變"與上下文相銜接。故選D。

（4）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Wiresconductelectricityfromthelightningrodstometalrodsburiedintheground.（電線將電流從避雷針傳導(dǎo)到埋在地下的金屬棒）可知，空處應(yīng)與用電纜導(dǎo)電可能會帶來的危險及應(yīng)對措施有關(guān)。故E項"每處接頭都必須安全以防閃電移動至建筑物上"承接上文。故選E。

（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題和空后TheEmpireStateBuildinggetsstruckbylightningaround20timeseveryyear.Itslightningrodprotectsthestructure，aswellasthepeopleinside.（帝國大廈每年被閃電擊中約20次。它的避雷針保護(hù)著建筑物，也保護(hù)著里面的人）可知，空處應(yīng)與同一個地方可能多次被閃電擊中有關(guān)。本句是對下文現(xiàn)象的概括描述，A選項中的"morethanonce"與下文的"around20times"相照應(yīng)，故A項"它甚至可以擊中同一個地點不止一次"符合語境。故選A。

本文是說明文。本文介紹了人們在雷雨天氣應(yīng)如何確保自己和財產(chǎn)安全。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】A、D、C、D、A、C、C、A、B、B、D、C、A、B、D【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.meant意味著；B.proved證明；C.stressed強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.affected影響。句意：對他來說，這意味著一件事：是時候"進(jìn)入行動"了。根據(jù)語境和前文"JimMcIngvalewatchedinhorrorasHurricaneIdamadelandfall，hittingLouisiana."及后文"onething：Timeto'getinthegame'"可知，颶風(fēng)來襲，對于JimMcIngvale來說，這意味著要開始"救助行動"。故選A項。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.introductions介紹；B.preparations準(zhǔn)備；C.distributions分布；D.donations捐贈。句意：McIngvale在休斯頓擁有畫廊家具店，他迅速呼吁人們捐贈食物和水等必需品。根據(jù)語境和后文"necessitieslikefoodandwater"可知，災(zāi)難來臨，他呼吁人捐贈必需品。故選D項。

（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.checked檢查；B.emptied倒空；C.loaded加載，裝載；D.cleaned清除。句意：然后，他和他的工人們把每輛卡車都裝好，把它們運(yùn)到路易斯安那州。根據(jù)語境和后文"everytrucktotakethemtoLouisiana"以及"Hehelpedputting（12）______ontotrucks"可知，他們把必需品裝上卡車。故選C項。

（4）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.cameup上來，出現(xiàn)；B.madeup組成；C.stuckout突出；D.reachedout伸出。句意：McIngvale說："五年前，路易斯安那州在颶風(fēng)哈維期間向我們休斯頓人伸出了援手，因此作為回報，幫助我們的鄰居是正確的事情。"根據(jù)語境和后文"tousHoustoniansduringHurricaneHarvey"以及"it'stherightthingtodotohelpourneighbors"可知，過去他們在颶風(fēng)期間也曾伸出援手，幫助過休斯頓人。故選D項。

（5）考查介詞短語及語境理解。A.inreturn作為回報；B.ingeneral一般來說；C.atlast最后；D.atheart內(nèi)心里。句意：McIngvale說："五年前，路易斯安那州在颶風(fēng)哈維期間向我們休斯頓人伸出了援手，因此作為回報，幫助我們的鄰居是正確的事情。"根據(jù)前文"Fiveyearsago，Louisiana（4）______tousHoustoniansduringHurricaneHarvey"和后文"it'stherightthingtodotohelpourneighbors"可知，這次幫助鄰州也是回報。故選A項。

（6）考查動詞及語境理解。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.comfort安慰；C.shelter庇護(hù)；D.examine檢查。句意：他還開放了自己的家具陳列室，為許多家庭提供庇護(hù)所。根據(jù)前文"Healsoopenedhisfurnitureshowroom"可知，他為許多家庭提供庇護(hù)所。故選C項。

（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.used使用；B.directed指導(dǎo)；C.subjected使經(jīng)受，使遭受；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。句意：AnaLee是此次風(fēng)暴的受害者之一。根據(jù)后文"tothestorm"以及"Iwaswarmlyreceiv