名詞性從句課件

Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressionspresent—presenceviolentconfidentdifferentpatientcertainfairpaidlikekindviolenceconfidencedifferencepatienceunkinduncertainunfairunpaidunlikecultureglobeuniverseagriculturemathematicsartphysicschemistrybiologysciencemathematicalculturalglobaluniversalagriculturalscientistArtistphysicistchemistbiologistAnswerkeyforexercise1onpage28主語：動作的實施者（名詞，代詞）人/物賓語：動作的受動者（名詞，代詞）人/物名詞：theteacher/thestudent/theschool代詞：I/he/she/it/they句子的最基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語實義動詞：有實際意義的動詞（go/eat/drink)(1)及物動詞

Vt+賓語（drinkwater)(2)不及物動詞

Vi+介詞+賓語（agreewithyou)系動詞（1）be(am/is/are)（2）后接adj的動詞感官動詞，表變化的動詞（Herfacebecomered/thefishtastesgood)有些動詞既可以作實義動詞，也可以作系動詞IgotoschooleverydayTheapplewentbad

主語+謂語+賓語

Igotoschool

主語+系動詞+表語

Iamastudent種類主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain(p25L6)Whatwasevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface(P26L13)Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery(P26L41)Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved(P26L50)Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife(P26L18)Itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot(P25L9)Itiswell-knownthatAmericansliketoeatalot(P22Owner4)表語從句ThereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedveryhardThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand(P18L35)That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter(P18L55)同位語從句Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthethewholecontinentwasexciting(P34L3)SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthan5days,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,5000kilometresfromcoasttocoast(L8-10)ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes(L26)Nounclausesas

thesubjectUnit4Grammar主語從句

主語從句

(SubjectClause)如果一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)一個主語,那么這個句子就是主語從句。Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.

Whatweneed

aregooddoctors.Whomwemuststudyfor

isaquestionofgreatimportance.（1）陳述語氣（確定的事實）

That（沒有含義；確定的事情；不充當(dāng)任何成分）

Thattheearthmovesaroundthesuniswellknown.（2）“是否”（不確定）

Whether（“是否”；不充當(dāng)任何成分）

Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.（一）不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞連接詞Whatyouneedismorepractice.which

/whatWhichoneisthebestisnotclear.whowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.when,wherehehasgoneisaquestion.whythereisgravityishardtounderstand.HowhecanearnalivinginBritainremainsabigproblem.（二）充當(dāng)句子成分的連接詞whoever、whatever、whichever可引導(dǎo)主語從句。（)

Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.

Whateverhedidwasright.

Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.….ever(whoever)nomatterwho(引導(dǎo)狀語從句）Whoever/nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,hewillbepunishedanyonewho（引導(dǎo)名詞性從句）Whoever/anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished1.______Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.2.______theearthisroundisknowntousall.歸納：WhatThat連詞_______在從句中不作成分，不含有疑問意義，而_____在從句中作成分，常含有疑問意義。thatwhatThathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.注意:

已確定的事由that引導(dǎo);

沒決定的事由whether引導(dǎo).

1.主語從句通常被看作一個整體,主句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.

Thattheywillcomeiscertain.2.由who,whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句的單復(fù)數(shù)要視從句中的單復(fù)數(shù)而定.

Whoeversaythataretobepunished.Whoheisdoesn’tconcernme.3.What引導(dǎo)主語從句時,主句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由表語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定.

Whathewantsarethesebooks.Whathewantsissomewater.主語從句的主謂一致（一）正常語序的主語從句1.Whosewatchwaslostisunknown.2.Whateveryoudidisright.3.Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.4.Whatweneedistime.5.Whowillbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.（二）為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語it

放在主語位置，真正主語后置。1.Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.2.Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.3.Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.4.Itisstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.Itis+adj+that5.Itisapitythatwewon'tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.6.Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.

Itis+n+that……7.ItissaidthathehasgonetoShanghai.Itisreported/believed/hoped/suggestedthat….8.Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.Ithappens/appearsthat

…..

以that引出的主語從句,常以形式主語it引導(dǎo),結(jié)構(gòu)為:Itis+形容詞/

名詞/某些動詞ed+that從句。2.在有些that從句中要用虛擬語氣

(should+do/should+havedone)。Itissuggested/orderedthat小結(jié)1.連詞位于句首不能省略。2.主語從句位于句首時必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)。3.如何識別主語從句“分割”（一般在句子中的第二個謂語前分割）注意事項眾所周知Asiswell-known,……..Asweallknow,…….Itiswell-knownthat…….Whatiswellknownisthat……二.賓語從句1.

由連詞that引導(dǎo),that?？墒÷?。

Webelieve(that)heishonest.Itoldhim(that)Iwouldcomebacksoon.在賓語從句中，只有動詞后的第一個賓語從句中的that可以省略并列第二個以上的賓語從句,或有插入語時不能省略that.

Hesaid(that)hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone.

當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的從句作復(fù)合賓語的第一個成分時，需用先行詞it作形式賓語，把從句放到句末，that不能省略。Weconsideritpossiblethatheisill.Ifeelitapitythatshecan’tcome.IhearditsaidthathehadgonetoAustralia.Hemadeitclearthatheobjectedtotheplan.2.“是否”Doyouknowwhether/ifsheiscoming?HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasbusy.3.由wh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)。Wefullyunderstoodwhathemeant.Goandaskwhyhewaslateyesterday.Pleasetellmewhichismine.Iaskedhowhewasgettingon.Wewillchoosewhoeverisfit.Theyshouldenjoycompletefreedomtomarrywhomevertheydesire.Whateverhedoeshedoeswell.三.表語從句表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞與主語從句和賓語從句相同.ThereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedveryhardThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand(P18L35)That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter(P18L55)Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.Thenewsthathetoldusistrue.四.同位語從句

同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后面,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.注:1.that引導(dǎo)同位語從句與that引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別:

引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that無實際意義,不作從句的任何成分,而引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是從句中的某個成分.Hetoldmethenews

thatourteamwonthematch.Hetoldmethenews

thatwasveryexciting.Weareinterestedinthenews

thatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.Weareinterestedinthenews

thathetoldus.Idon’tknowhimIdon’tknowwhereheisIhavenoidea(概念）whereheisIhavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句.

名詞性從句練習(xí)1.

acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.A.IthasB.TheyhaveC.ItremainsD.Thereremains2．Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo

ittakestosaveherlife.A.whichever B.however C.whateverD.whoever3.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though4.CouldIspeakto

isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.who B.whatC.whoever D.whatever5.Thehowtobookcanbeofhelpto____

wantstodothejob.A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever6.Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where9.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that（09浙江）10．－Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?－Noproblem.When B.that

C.whether D.what（09重慶）11We

should

consider

the

students’request___theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A.that

B.whenC.which

D.where12.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave__

couldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.A.as

B.that

C.which

D.what（09山東）13.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_________shewasandwaittorhermother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.who

1.____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever練習(xí)2.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo____Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever3.____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellpeoplethepassportofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatitrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires4.Itisprettywellunderstood____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5._____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because6.Itnowappears___theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how7.____knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho8.Itisgoodnews___theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how_____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.What;what B.What;thatC.That;that D.That;what_____madetheschoolproudwas_____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;because B.What;that;C.That;what D.That;becauseABTranslation他出生在何地還不知道。2.誰會贏得比賽還不知道。3.誰來都?xì)g迎。4.那個人為什么被謀殺尚不知道。hasnotbeenfound.isstillunknown.isstillunknown.iswelcome.WherehewasbornWhowillwinthematchWhoevercomesWhythepersonwasmurdered另外，在名詞性從句的復(fù)習(xí)過程中，我們還須特別注意以下問題：填空:Thereason____wedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．reason后面的表語從句只能用that引導(dǎo),不能用why引導(dǎo),但reason后面的定語從句可以用why或者that

引導(dǎo)。That/whythat鞏固練習(xí)1.Thequestionis____

thefilmisworthseeing．

A．if

B．whatC．whetherD．how2.Oneofthemenheldtheview

____thebooksaidwasright．

A．thatwhatB．whatthatC．that

D．whether3.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge,Ican'tremember

____.A．whereB．thereC．whichD．that4.Energyis

____makesthingswork．

A．whatB．everythingC．something

D．a(chǎn)nything5.Thereason

____Ihavetogois_____mymotherisillinbed．

A.why;why

B.why;becauseC.why;that

D.that;because6.Hedoesn'tthinkthequestionof____theyaremenorwomenisimportant．

A.whether

B.if

C.which

D.why7.Itwasorderedthatallthesoldiers____tothefront．

A.shouldsend

B.mustbesentC.shouldbesentD.mustgo8.Airistous

____wateristofish．

A.isthat

B.what

C.whichD.that____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3.____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what

If和whether凡是表示“是否”的含義，whether＞if(“是否”選擇whether“如果”的含義，if1.Idon’t