2018屆高考英語詞匯和短語匯編：常用詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及派生

高中英語常用詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及派生動詞動詞名詞形容詞副詞反義和其他派生使能夠enableabilityabledisable(v)disabled（殘廢的）/unable（不能的）缺席absenceabsent接受acceptacceptanceacceptableunacceptable接進accessaccess入口accessible易/可接近的accessibly易接近地.事故accidentaccidental精確的accuracyaccurateinaccurate達到，獲得achieveachievementachievable可獲得的獲得，習得acquireacquisition獲得的東西表演，行動actaction行動/act行為activeinactive增加，加addadditionadditional另外的additive（食品）添加劑addend加數(shù)n.調(diào)整/使適應adjustadjustment敬佩admireadmirationadmirable承認admitadmission管理，執(zhí)行administeradministrationadministrativeadministrator管理者，行政官—\r_L刖進advanceadvanceadvancing前進的advanced高級的，先進的使沉溺，上癮addictaddiction沉溺addicted沉溺于addict有癮的人addictive使人上癮的做廣告advertiseadvertisement（單則）廣告（可數(shù)）advertiseradvertising（總稱）廣告，（不可數(shù)）

影響，打動affecteffecteffectiveaffection愛慕、鐘愛侵略，侵犯aggressionaggressive攻擊性的aggressor侵略者同意agreeagreementagreeable欣然同意的、令人愉快的目標aimaimaimless允許allowallowance補貼allowable可承認的、允許的使吃驚amazeamazementamazing/amazed逗樂、娛樂amuseamusementamusing/amused公告announceannouncementannouncer廣播員分析、研究analyseanalysis使煩惱annoyannoyanceannoying/annoyed焦慮，焦急anxietyanxiousanxiously道歉apologiseapologyapologeticapologetically出現(xiàn)appearappearance出現(xiàn)，外貌disappearancedisappear消失申請applyapplicant申請人applied應用的，實用的application申請書欣賞appreciateappreciationappreciable可觀的appreciative有欣賞力、感激的appreciatorappreciatively批準；認可approveapproval爭吵，爭論argueargumentarguable可爭論的argumentative好爭論的藝術(shù)artartisticartist藝術(shù)家到達arrivearrival幫助assistassisstant使驚訝astonishastonishmentastonishing/astonished吸引attractattractionattractiveattractivelyunattractive知道的awarenessawareunaware以…為基礎basebasis基礎，base基地basic基本的basement基地、底座生，忍受bear(bore/born)birth出生bearable可忍受的unbearablebirthday/birthplac

e美化beautifybeautybeautifulbeautifully開始beginbeginer初學者beginning開始表現(xiàn)behavebehaviour行為behavedunbelievable相信believebelief信念believable可相信的believablyunbelievable、disbelieve流血bleed(bled/bled)bloodbloody血腥的bleeding流血的盲的blindnessblindblindly使煩悶borebored/boring勇敢braverybravebravely呼吸breathebreathbreathless氣喘吁吁的breathlessly忙碌business商業(yè)，行業(yè)busybusinessman/businesswoman關心，喜歡carecare關懷，照料，謹慎careful/carelesscarefully/carelessly謹慎的cautious確信certaintycertaincertainly慶祝celebratecelebrationcelebrated知名的，著名的celebrity名人、名聲中心centrecentral挑戰(zhàn)challengechallengechallenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的改變changechangechangeable多變的unchangeablechanging正在變化的歡呼cheercheercheerful快樂的，高興的cheerfully化學chemistrychemicalchemical化學物chemist化學家小孩childchildrenchildish幼稚的childhood童年選擇choosechoicechosen被選擇的分類classifyclass班級，階級classified歸類的，機密的classificationclass等級，高、優(yōu)雅classic經(jīng)典的classical古典的靠近的close近的，親近的closely仔細地，嚴謹?shù)兀咏仃P閉closeclose結(jié)束closed關閉的收集collectcollectioncollective集體的

舒適comfort安慰comfortcomfortableuncomfortablediscomfort（v、n）（使）不舒服，尷尬溝通communicatecommunicationcommunicative比較comparecomparison對照comparable可比較的incomparablecomparative比較的競爭competecompetition競賽competitive有競爭性的competitor競爭者抱怨complaincomplaint信心confidenceconfidentconfidential機密的關心;有關concernconcern擔憂concerned擔心的，關心的unconcerned漠視concerning關于使混淆confuseconfusionconfusing/confused連接connectconnectionconnecteddisconnected繼續(xù)continuecontinuouscontinued持續(xù)的、持久的后果consequenceconsequentconsequently考慮considerconsiderationconsiderate體貼的considerable相當大/多的構(gòu)建constructconstructionconstructable可構(gòu)造的constructor建造者方便，便利convenienceconvenientinconvenientinconveniently鼓勵encouragecourage勇氣encouraged/encouragingencouragementdiscourage合作cooperatecooperationcooperativecooperator覆蓋covercovercovereduncovereddiscover/discovery/discoverer創(chuàng)造createcreation創(chuàng)造creativecreativity創(chuàng)造力creatively犯罪crimecriminal犯罪的criminal犯人好奇的curiosity好奇心curiouscuriously騎自信車cyclecylclist騎自行車的人recycle循環(huán)利用危險endanger使危險dangerdangerousendangered瀕危的死diedeathdeaddeadly致命的dying垂死的決定decidedecisiondecisive決定性的，果斷的高興delight使高興delightdelighted高興的，dilightful令人高興

快樂的的依賴dependdependencedependentindependentindependencedependant受撫養(yǎng)者深deepen加深depth深度deep（深度上）deeply（adv）深深地（情感上）deep深處深淵thedeep海洋deepadv深入地深深地遲描述describedescription毀壞destroydestructiondestructive決定determinedeterminationdetermined發(fā)展；曬相developdevelopmentdeveloped發(fā)達的，成熟的developing發(fā)展中的奉獻，致力于devotedevotiondevoted忠誠的區(qū)別，不同differdifferencedifferentdifferently困難difficultydifficult使失望disappointdisappointmentdisappointed/disappointing使失望discourage使沮喪discouragementdiscouraged/discouraging分開，分成dividedivisiondivided喝drinkdrinkerdrunk醉的/陶醉的經(jīng)濟economyeconomic經(jīng)濟的economist經(jīng)濟學家economical實惠的編輯editedition版本editorial編輯的editor編輯教育educateeducation/educatoreducational有教育意義的well/badly-educateduneducated未受教育的電electrify使帶電electricityelectric用電的electrical與電有關的電子electronelectronic電子的雇用employemploymentemployedumemployedemployer雇主employee雇員活力，能量energize激勵energyenergetic充滿活力的享受enjoyenjoymentenjoyable令人愉快的joyful快樂的娛樂entertainvt包容entertainmententertaining令人愉快的entertainer

entertainvi款待環(huán)境environmentenvironmentalenvironmentlist（使）平等equalize補償equalityequalunequalequally使興奮exciteexcitementexcited/exciting存在existexistence期望,預期expectexpectationexpected預料中的unexpectedunexpectedlyexpectable經(jīng)歷experienceexperience經(jīng)歷/經(jīng)驗experienced有經(jīng)驗的inexperienced解釋；說明explainexplanation爆炸explodeexplosionexplosive爆炸的，激增的出口exportexportimport進口爆發(fā)erupteruption面對facefacefacial面部的失敗failfailure公平fairnessfair公平的；美麗的，白皙的；［氣象］晴朗的fairly相當?shù)兀还降?；簡直fairvi轉(zhuǎn)晴fairn展覽會，市集，美人fairadv.公平地；直接地；清楚地unfair名聲，名望famefamous時尚fashionfashionable財政;金融finance籌資金financefinancial流暢fluency流暢度fluentfluently起霧fogfogfoggyfogless跟蹤；踉著followfollowing接著的，卜列的忘記forgetforgetfulnessforgetful健忘的forgettable易被忘記的unforgettable運氣fortune好運，財富fortunate幸運的unfortunateadjmisfortune不幸可數(shù)n釋放,使空閑freefreedomfree自由，免費freely使結(jié)冰freezefreezing冰凍的frozen結(jié)冰的朋友friendfriendlyfriendship

使驚恐frightenfrightfrightened/frighteningfrankness坦誠frankly陳設,布置furnishfurniture家具furnished配備家具的well-furnished布置齊備的光榮gloryglorious慷慨generositygenerous地球globalize全球化globe球狀物；地球儀global全球的；世界的globalization全球化統(tǒng)治；管理govern統(tǒng)治；管理governor統(tǒng)治者government政府畢業(yè)graduate畢業(yè)graduation畢業(yè)graduate畢業(yè)生貪婪greedgreedyguiltguilty有罪的內(nèi)疚的guiltless無罪的，無辜的，不知道…的成長，增長growgrowth成長；發(fā)育；增長手hand傳遞handhandy便于使用的；方便的快樂，幸福happinesshappyhappily/unhappilyunhappy使變硬/麻木hardenhardness硬度hard硬；困難的；拼命的hard(adv.)拼命地；艱難地hardship苦難傷害harmharmharmfulharmless和諧harmonyharmonious恨hatehatred仇恨hateful討厭的；可惡的健康healthhealthyhealthily高height高度highhighly高度地幫助helphelphelpfulhelpless無助的猶豫hesitatehesitationhesitant歷史historyhistoric有歷史意義的historical與歷史有關的；歷史上的希望hopehopehopefulhopelesshopelessness絕望恐怖；驚恐horrorhorriblehorribly

幽默humourhumorous幽默的饑餓hungerhungryhungrily身份identify認出身份identity身份；致identification身份證明；鑒定合法legalillegal違法的legally想像imagineimagination想像力imaginable可想象的imaginary虛構(gòu)的imaginative想象力豐富的重要importanceimportantunimportant可能possibility可能性possibleimpossibleimpossibility不可能的事印象impressE?。粔河mpressionimpressive給人深刻印象的提高；改良improveimprovement改良；進步工業(yè)industry工業(yè)industrial工業(yè)的industrially在工業(yè)方面?zhèn)njureinjuryinjured鼓舞，激發(fā)inspireinspirationinspired/inspiring指示/教育instructinstructioninstructive有教育意義的instructor打算，想要intendintention意圖intentional有意的；故意的興趣interest使有興趣interestinterested/interesting口譯；解釋interpretinterpretation口譯；解釋interpreter口譯員介紹，引進introduceintroduction介紹發(fā)明inventinventioninventor發(fā)明者邀請inviteinvitation工作jobjobless失業(yè)的判斷judgejudge法官judgement判斷力；裁判知道knowknowledge知識known被知曉的；出名的unknownwell-known大enlarge擴大large懶惰laziness懶惰lazylazily領導；引導leadleaderleading領先的；主mislead（v）給帶錯

要的路;帶壞學習learnlearner學習者learned有學問的learning(N)學問；知識長lengthen使變長length長度long生活livelife生活；生命live現(xiàn)場的living有生命的，alive活著的喜歡、像likedislikelikelyunlike介詞位于locatelocation位置belocatedin位于...損失；失敗loseloss損失lost失蹤的；失去的魔術(shù)，魔法magician魔術(shù)師magic有魔法的magic魔法主要的；重要的major主修；專攻majormajority大多數(shù)管理managemanager經(jīng)理manageress女經(jīng)理management管理結(jié)婚marrymarriage婚姻married已婚的unmarried未婚的意思是meanmeaning意思含義meaningfulmeaninglessmeans方法手段藥medicinemedical醫(yī)藥的；醫(yī)學的把...搞亂messmess混,舌1messy混亂的愉快櫻桃merrymentmerry使最小輕視vtminimize最小化viminority少數(shù)民族minor較小的；較少的maximizeminimum最小值n最小、低的adj誤會misunderstandmisunderstandingmisunderstood被誤會的understand(v)理解understanding(n)移動;前進movemovement(政治)運動；活動moving活動的;令人感動的moved感動的音樂musicmusical音樂的musician音樂家名字name給…取名name名字namely(adv)即；那就是國家；民族nation國家；民族national國家的；民族的international國際的nationalityl國籍自然naturenatural自然的；天然的unnaturalnaturally必需的;必然的necessity必要性；必至口需口口necessaryunnecessarynecessaryily神經(jīng)的;緊張的nerve神經(jīng)；膽量nervousnervously緊張地;神經(jīng)質(zhì)地

喧鬧的noise喧鬧聲;嘈雜聲noisynoisiness(n)吵鬧;喧鬧noisily吵鬧地/與…為鄰vneighborneighborhood附近街坊neighboring鄰近的neighborn鄰居adj鄰近的正常的normalabnormal不正常的normally服從，聽從obeydisobey觀察observeobservationobservable可見的，可觀察到的占有，使忙于occupyoccupationoccupied已被占用的occupier占有者、居住人冒犯offendoffenceoffensivedefend保衛(wèi)運作，操作operateoperationoperativeoperator,cooperate反對oppose(vt)opposite選擇optionoptional可選的樂觀（主義）optimismoptimisticpessimisticoptimist樂觀情緒樂觀主義者組織organizeorganizationorganized有組織的organizer組織者起源originateoriginoriginal最初的痛苦pain使痛苦、占惱painpainful令人疼痛的painlesspained顯出痛苦的、受苦的參與participateparticipationparticipant參賽者耐心patiencepatient(a./n.)impatient和平peacepeacefuipeacefully表演，表現(xiàn)performperformanceperformer允許permitpermission-tt-人personpersonal個人的，私人的personality個性personallyimpersonal勸說persuadepersuasivephysics物理學、現(xiàn)象physicalphysician（內(nèi)科）醫(yī)師取悅pleasepleasurepleasing令人滿意的pleasant令人愉快的pleased滿意的unpleasant令人不愉快的毒藥poisonpoisonous有毒的禮貌politenesspoliteimpolite

污染pollutepollutionpollutedpollutant污染物擁有，持有，占有possesspossessionpossessor擁有者，持有者實踐practicepracticepractical實際的預測predictpredictionpredictable可預見的unpredictable寧愿，情愿preferpreferrence偏好preferable更適合的準備preparepreparationprepared準備好的unprepared未做好準備的處方prescribeprescription展示presentpresentationpresenter展示者,主持人壓力press按，壓pressure防止preventpreventionpreventable可預防的價格pricepriceless無價的，貴重的隱私privacyprivateadj私人的、私下的n列兵、二等兵步驟proceed進行procedure生產(chǎn)producevtviproduction生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)量productive多產(chǎn)的product產(chǎn)品producer生產(chǎn)者職業(yè)，專業(yè)professionprofessional專業(yè)的unprofessionalprofessor教授發(fā)音pronouncepronunciation保護protectprotectionprotective保護性的protector證明proveproof證據(jù)懲罰punishpunishment資格qualify具備資格qualificationqualified有資格的unqualified無資格的種族raceracialracism,racist種族主義者放射radiationradioactive放射性的反應reactreaction意識到，實現(xiàn)realiserealisationreal真實的reality現(xiàn)實

理論reasonreason理由reasonable合情合理unreasonable接收receivereceiverreceipt收據(jù)reception接待receptionist接待員提及，查閱referreference-rr-,referee裁判反射，反映reflectreflectionreflective拒絕refuserefusal登記registerregistration規(guī)律regulation規(guī)矩regularirregular拒絕rejectrejection關系relaterelation（親屬）關系relatedirrelativerelativen親屬相關物a相對的relationship關系關聯(lián)放松relaxrelaxationrelaxing，relaxed有關系的relevantirrelevant依靠relyreliabilityreliable可靠的unreliable宗教religionreligious虔誠的，信教的，宗教的irreligious無宗教信仰的代表representrepresentativerepresentative代表性的要求requirerequirement解救、拯救rescuerescuerescuer解救者保存reservereservation辭職resignresignation抵抗，排斥resistresistance抵抗力resistant有抵抗力的resister抵制者resistive抗…的，耐…的resistible可抵制的irresistibleresistor電阻器責任responsibilityresponsibleresponsiblyirresponsible響應respondresponse尊敬respectrespectrespectful恭敬的，有禮的respectable值得尊敬的方面respectrespective分另1」respectively分另1」地限制restrictrestrictionrestricted受限制的粗魯rudenessrude

滿足satisfysatisfactionsatisfying令人滿足的dissatisfysatisfactory適合的satisfied滿足的besatisfiedwith令人害怕，嚇唬scarescared害怕的scary可怕的科學sciencescientificscientist安全secure確保securitysecureinsecure選擇selectselectionselected精選的自己selfselfish自私unselfishselfless無私的感官sensesensitive敏感insensitivesensitivity敏感度sense感覺到sensation矢口覺sensible明智的明顯的insensible無感覺、麻木的為…服務serveserviceservant仆人，server服務器安定，居住settlesettlementsettled定居的，處理了的settler居住者，定居者羞愧，羞恥shameshameful恥辱的ashamed感到羞愧的尖，鋒利sharpensharpener削筆刀sharpshameless刮shaveshaver刮胡刀看見seesight視線，視野，視力insight(n)洞察力separatevtvi（使）分離、隔開、分居separateadj單獨的separated分開的分居的簽字signsigniture安靜silencesilent簡單simplify簡化simplificationsimplesimply（adv）僅僅，樸素地微笑smilesmilesmilingsmilingly奴隸slave奴役slaveslavery奴隸制睡覺sleepsleepsleepy瞌睡的微笑smilesmile社會socialise社交societysocial社會的，社交的socialist,socialismsorrow悲傷sorry抱歉，遺憾，悲傷特別的，專門的specialist專家specialspecialise專門研究精神spiritspiritual（使）挨餓starvestarvation

陳述statestatementstatesman發(fā)言人陌生的strangerstrange儲藏storestorage儲存store(n)商店強，有力strengthen力口強strength力量strong壓力stressstressstressed（自己）感到有壓力的stressful給人壓力的學習、研究studystudy書房，學業(yè)，研究studious好學的，用功的風格stylestylish時髦的，漂亮的stylist設計師訂閱subscribesubscription成功succeedvisuccesssuccessfulun-succeedvt繼承successor遭受suffersuffering苦難建議suggestsuggestion適合suitsuitable支持supportsupportsupportive支持的supporter支持者，贊助者圍繞surroundsurroundings周邊環(huán)境surrounding周邊的幸存survivesurvivalsurvivor幸存者象征symbolizesymbolsymbolic象征性的同情sympathisesympathysympathetic系統(tǒng)systemsystematic系統(tǒng)化的口味，品味taste品嘗tastetasteless沒味道的，沒品位的tasty美味的技術(shù)techniquetechnical技術(shù)上的technology，technician技術(shù)員傾向tendtendency緊張tense拉緊tensiontense緊張的tensely恐怖terrify使恐懼terrorterribleterrifiedterrifyingterrorisim恐怖主義，terrorist理論theoryt