高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Backtothepast1牛津版必修三

Unit3Backtothepast1stPeriodWelcometotheunit雙基概要words：civilization,magnificent,structure,statue,hang,palace2.Phrases：knowabout,protectculturalheritage,historicalevent講堂反應(yīng)背景閱讀：TheHangingGardensTheHangingGardensprobablydidnotreally“hang”inthesenseofbeingsuspendedfromcablesorropes.Thenamecomesfromaninexacttranslation

oftheGreekword

“kremastos

”

or

theLatin

word

“pensilis

”,

which

meannot

just“hanging”,but“overhanging

”as

inthecaseofaterraceorbalcony.TheGreekgeographerStrabo,whodescribedthegardensinfirst

century

BC,wrote,

“It

consistsofvaulted

terraces

raised

oneaboveanother,

andresting

uponcube-shapedpillars.

Thesearehollowandfilled

with

earth

toallow

trees

ofthelargestsizetobeplanted.Thepillars,thevaults,andterracesareconstructedofbakedbrickandasphalt.”“Theascenttothehigheststoryisbystairs,andattheirsidearewaterengines,bymeansofwhichpersons,appointedexpresslyforthepurpose,arecontinuallyemployedinraisingwaterfromtheEuphratesintothegarden.”Strabotouchesonwhat,totheancients,wasprobablythemostamazingpartofthegarden.BabylonrarelyreceivedrainandforthegardentosurviveitwouldhavehadtobeenirrigatedbyusingwaterfromthenearbyEuphratesRiver.Thatmeantliftingthewaterfarintotheairsoitcouldflowdownthroughtheterraces,wateringtheplantsateachlevel.Thiswasprobablydonebymeansofa“chainpump”.Achainpumpistwolargewheels,oneabovetheother,connectedbyachain.Onthechainarehungbuckets.Belowthebottomwheelisapoolwiththewatersource.Asthewheelisturned,thebucketsdipintothepoolandpickupwater.Thechainthenliftsthemtotheupperwheel,wherethebucketsaretippedanddumpedintoanupperpool.Thechainthencarriestheemptyonesbackdowntoberefilled.Thepoolatthetopofthegardenscouldthenbereleasedbygatesintochannelswhichactedasartificialstreamstowaterthegardens.Thepumpwheelbelowwasattachedtoashaftandahandle.Byturningthehandleslavesprovidedthepowertorunthecontraption.Constructionofthegardenwasn'tonlycomplicatedbygettingthewateruptothetop,butalsobyhavingtoavoidhavingtheliquidruinthefoundationonceitwasreleased.SincestonewasdifficulttogetontheMesopotamianplain,mostofthearchitectureinBabelutilizedbrick.Thebrickswerecomposedofclaymixedwithchoppedstrawandbakedinthesun.Thebrickswerethenjoinedwithbitumen,aslimysubstance,whichactedasamortar.Thesebricksquicklydissolvedwhensoakedwithwater.FormostbuildingsinBabelthiswasn'taproblembecauserainwassorare.However,thegardenswerecontinuallyexposedtoirrigationandthefoundationhadtobeprotected.穩(wěn)固練習(xí)一、完形填空Mydaughterhasbeencrazyaboutraisingforalongtime.LastspringIbought

apettwonewly-hatchedchickensforher.Shegot(1)andtookagoodcareofthem.(2)afewdayslater,

bothchickensdied.Sheburstintotearsfrom(3)Ihelpedher(4)thetwobirdsunderatreebehindourhouse.Ithoughtitwouldbethe(5)ofherideas.(6)Iwaswrong.Childrenarechildren(7).Theirfailurehasn’t(8)mydaughterinanyway.Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimalorevenasnail.Oneday

lastwinter,Inoticed

under

theeaves(

屋檐

)of

the

house

afamily

of

sparrows.

Mydaughter

andIcould

(9)

thesparrows

asour

“pets

”,butwedidn’t.SoItoldherto(10)thegrainsonthewindowsill.Afewminuteslater,thesparrowcametolandonthewindowsill(11)andpeckedattherice.Suddenlymydaughteraskedme,“Mum,canwecatchand(12)thesparrows,andletthemlivewithusintheroom?How(13)itisforthemtoliveoutside?”“Oh,mydear,Idonotthinkit'sagoodidea.Youknow."Iexplainedtoher,"thesparrowisabirdwholoves(14).Noonecankeeptheminacage.Iftheyarecaught,theywill(15)quickly.Theyare(16)tolivingoutside.Moreover,theyhavewarmnestundertheeaves.”Fromthenon,wehavegotupakindof(17)withthesparrowfamily.Wefeedthemfrequentlyand(18)themaspetbirds.However,wedonotneedto(19)them.We(20)seeingtheselittlebirdsflyingandjumpingamongbranches,leavesandflowersinthespringmornings.B.excitedC.disappointedD.encouragedB.SuddenlyC.UnfortunatelyD.FinallyB.feelingC.sorrowD.heartB.putC.digD.setB.beginningC.wishD.realityB.ThenC.ThereforeD.HoweverB.inallC.afterallD.forallB.encourageC.helpD.impresscatchD.feedD.scattereveryotherD.eachotherB.cageD.watchD.warm

C.C.pileC.C.loveC.coldD.flyingB.starveC.sufferD.dieB.proudC.happyD.usedB.understandingC.friendshipD.relationshipB.dreamC.treatD.appreciateB.possessC.belongtoD.hatchB.wouldlikeC.wantD.consider二、閱讀理解:JustliketheAbuSimbel,inAswan,Egypt,theTempleofZhangFeihadtogoupstreamtoahighplacealongtheYangtzeRiver,asaresultoftherisingwaterlevel,astheThreeGorgesProject(三峽工程)isbeingbuilt.StandingforcenturiesonthenorthernbankoftheYangzeRiver,thetemplehadshowedtheThreeKingdomsperiod(AD220-280)ofChina’shistory.Beforetheproject,theengineershadvisitedtheAbuSimbelinEgypt.TheywoulddoastheancientEgyptianshaddone.Itwillberebuiltinitscopyform.OnOctober8,thetemplewasbeingtorndownpiecebypiece.Morethan300workersandexpertshavebeenworkingroundtheclock.Bricks,woodenrails,stonefigures,eventime-wornstonestepshavebeenremovedwithgreatcare.Eachpieceifwrappedinclothandloadedontolorries(卡車(chē)，鐵路貨運(yùn))andshipsandcarriedtothenewtemplesite.Thecostoftheprojectistobeatleast70millionyuan.Thenewplaceis32kilometersupstreamontheYangtze.ZhangFei,abravecharacter,intheThreeKingdomsperiodintheChineseclassicRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisahouseholdnameamongtheChinesepeople.EspeciallythefishermenontheYangtzeRiverhaveworshiped(崇敬)Zhangasagodofprotection.Thetempleisregardedasaculturaltreasureandmustseeforthe200,000orsovisitorseachyear.OnOctober4,thousandsofvisitorsfromhimandabroadcelebratedZhang

’sthe1,843rdbirthdayinthetemple.Everyremovedpartwillbetreatedandnumberstomakesurethatitisputexactoriginalplace.

withback

marksinits1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?ZhangFeiwasacharacterabout2,000yearsago.Thetempleismovedonlybecauseoflessvisitors.Thenewplaceforthetempleisveryfarfromitsoriginalplace.TheengineerswenttoEgypttolearnsomeexperiencebeforeremovingthetemple.2.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph2mean?A.IntheworksiteB.InahurryC.DayandnightD.Withoutanymeals.3.WhichofthefollowingisZhangFei’scharacter?A.KindB.CleverC.BraveD.Foolish4.Whyisthetemplemoved?A.ThetempleisanoldChineseculturebuilding.B.Itisamustseeforvisitorsinthatarea.C.Itmaybecoveredbywater.D.Alloftheabove.三、單句改錯(cuò)：1.Someofthemhavedisappeared,whiletheothersremaintoday.2.Mysuggestionisthatwemusttakeactionassoonaspossibletoprotectc