虛擬語(yǔ)氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和寫(xiě)作運(yùn)用講義-高三英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作專項(xiàng)

虛擬語(yǔ)氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和寫(xiě)作運(yùn)用01個(gè)人意愿1.

在常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。1.insist

2.order,command

3.advise,suggest,recommend

4.demand,require,request,desire這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+

動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。a.

I

demanded

thathe

be

hereassoonaspossible.b.

Itis

required

thatmiddleschoolstudents

(should)take

onehourexerciseeveryday.c.

His

suggestion

isthatwe

persuade

hertostayherefirst.注意:insist

表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；

Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.suggest

做“表明暗示”時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasafraud.

2.

It’s(about/high)time+that

該是做某事的時(shí)候到了從句謂語(yǔ)：過(guò)去時(shí)

/

should+

v.（should

不能省略）Itisabouttimethatwe

were

off.我們?cè)撾x開(kāi)了。02

非真實(shí)假設(shè)01as

if/though(好像）+

if

only

(要是...該多好）+

wish從句的謂語(yǔ)分三種情況討論：(1)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬,從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）(2)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬,

從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)）(3)表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望,

從句動(dòng)詞形式為“would＋動(dòng)詞原形”。（過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）a.

Shelovesthebabyasifit

were

herownson.

b.

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!c.

IwishI

knew

theanswertothequestion.02

would

rather(寧愿）虛擬現(xiàn)在或者將來(lái)：did（be

用were）

虛擬過(guò)去：haddonea.

Iwouldratheryou

came

toseemetomorrow.b.

Iwouldratheryou

hadn’ttold

methefact.

03

if的虛擬（虛擬里面最復(fù)雜的一種情況，因?yàn)橹骶浜蛷木涞闹^語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)都需要變化）條件從句從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)（were）would/could/should/might+V.（原）過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddonewould/could/should/might

+have

+

p.p.未來(lái)1.過(guò)去時(shí)2.should+v.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.（原）a.

IfIwereastudent,Iwouldmakegooduseofthetime.b.

IfI

hadlistened

totheteachercarefully,

Iwould

havepassed

theexam.c.

Ifwe

had

another7-dayholiday,

allofus

wouldbe

much

happier.

2)混合條件句主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，這時(shí)主、從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。a.

Ifyou

hadasked

himyesterday,you

wouldknow

whattodo

now.(從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。)b.

Ifit

hadrained

lastnight(過(guò)去),it

wouldbe

verycoldtoday

(現(xiàn)在).3)虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were,should,

或had,

可將if省略，再把were,should或had

移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝。a.

Were

theyherenow,they

couldhelp

us.=

Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.b.

Had

you

come

earlier,you

wouldhavemet

him.=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.c.

Should

it

rain,

thecrops

wouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.

注意:在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞'be'的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一律用"were"，不用was，

即在從句中be用were代替。a.

IfI

were

you,I

wouldgo

tolookforhim.

如果我是你，就會(huì)去找他。b.

Ifhe

were

here,everything

wouldbe

allright.注意：if的從句直接可以簡(jiǎn)化成without/butfor+

名詞（短語(yǔ)）a.

Withoutsunlight,people’slife

wouldbe

differentfromtoday.b.

Butforyourhelp,I

wouldn’thavefinished

thework.

虛擬語(yǔ)氣在寫(xiě)作中的運(yùn)用作文類型虛擬類型例句

應(yīng)用文——建議信個(gè)人意愿第一條It’shighlyrecommendedthat...非真實(shí)假設(shè)第三條If

Iwereyou,Iwould...

應(yīng)用文——感謝信

非真實(shí)假設(shè)第三條If

ithadn’tbeenforyourgeneroushelp(Haditnotbeen...),Iwould/wouldn’thavedone...或者

Without/Butforyourgeneroushelp,Iwould/wouldn’thavedone...應(yīng)用文——倡議書(shū)個(gè)人意愿第二條It

ishigh/abouttimethat...

讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)非真實(shí)