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對組織內(nèi)人力資源的管理第1頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四HumanResourceManagement
Part3:
TrainingandDevelopmentPowerPointbyCheng-Chiang(Johnnie)ChenDa-YehUniversity第2頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Chapter5TrainingandDevelopingEmployees第3頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Humanresourcemanagement(HRM):
Themanagementfunctionthatisconcernedwithgetting,training,motivating,andkeepingcompetentemployees.
對組織內(nèi)人力資源的管理,一般指企業(yè)內(nèi)所有人力資源的取得,運(yùn)用和維護(hù)等過程。ManagersandtheHumanResourceManagementProcess第4頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四PersonnelmanagementVS.Humanresourcemanagement人事管理被動(dòng)、消極偏重日常事務(wù)的執(zhí)行、缺乏規(guī)劃滿足組織利益與工作要求為目標(biāo)獨(dú)立於其他企業(yè)功能一般人事流程的管理訓(xùn)練以工作技能為主將人士支出視為不可避免的費(fèi)用
人力資源管理主動(dòng)、積極具有長期導(dǎo)向之規(guī)劃尋求組織與員工工作均衡與企業(yè)功能緊密結(jié)合兼具組織發(fā)展(OD)的功能強(qiáng)調(diào)人力資源發(fā)展將人力資源視期探網(wǎng)為企業(yè)的長期投資第5頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四HumanResourceManagementProcessHumanResourcePlanningRecruitmentorDownsizingSelectionofEmployeesOrientationTrainingandDevelopmentPerformanceAppraisalsSafetyandHealthCompensationandBenefitsCompetentHigh-PerformingWorkers第6頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TheStrategicHRMProcessSafetyandhealthCompensationandbenefitsPerformanceappraisalsIdentificationandselectionofcompetentemployeesAdaptedandcompetentemployeeswithup-to-dateskills,knowledge,andabilitiesCompetentandhigh-performingemployeeswhoarecapableofsustaininghighperformanceoverthelongtermTraininganddevelopmentStrategichumanresourceplanningRecruitmentanddownsizingSelectionOrientationUnionsReengineeringGlobalizationDiversityEnvironmentDownsizingRestructuringLegislation第7頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四人力資源管理程序
圖6-1
期探網(wǎng),二元期權(quán):二元期權(quán)論壇:/forum.php二元期權(quán)投資理財(cái)視頻:/forum.php?gid=1二元期權(quán)學(xué)習(xí):/forum-40-1.html二元期權(quán)平臺(tái)推薦:/forum-46-1.html二元期權(quán)交流:/forum-50-1.html二元期權(quán)資訊網(wǎng):/forum-48-1.html二元期權(quán)交易技巧:/forum-47-1.html二元期權(quán)高手:/forum-51-1.html二元期權(quán)視頻教程:/forum-36-1.html第8頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TheLegal
EnvironmentofHRMAffirmativeActionEmploymentTrainingRetention第9頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四HumanResource
PlanningMakingaFutureAssessmentMakingaCurrentAssessmentDesigningaFutureProgram第10頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Employmentplanning
Humanresourceinventoryreport:
Areportlistingthename,education,training,prioremployer,languagesspoken,andthelikeofeachemployeeintheorganization.
Jobanalysis:
Anassessmentofthekindsofskills,knowledge,andabilitiesneededtosuccessfullyperformeachjobinanorganization-決定工作職責(zé)與性質(zhì).
Jobdescription(工作說明書):
Awrittenstatementofwhatajobholderdoes,howitisdone,andwhyitisdone-說明工作內(nèi)容及方法.Jobspecification(工作規(guī)範(fàn)):Astatementoftheminimumacceptablequalificationsthatanincumbentmustpossesstoperformagivejobsuccessfully-說明擔(dān)任此工作的人所需要的資格與條件
第11頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四PopularJobAnalysisMethods第12頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TraditionalRecruitingSourcesInternalSearchesEmployeeReferralsEmployeeLeasingTempServicesEmploymentAgenciesAdvertisementsSchoolPlacement第13頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四RecruitmentandselectionRecruitment:
Theprocessoflocating,identifying,andattractingcapableapplicants.Selectionprocess:
Theprocessofscreeningjobapplicantstoensurethatthemostappropriatecandidatesarehired.Reliability:
Thedegreetowhichaselectiondevicemeasuresthesamethingconsistently.Validity:
Theprovenrelationshipbetweenaselectiondeviceandsomerelevantcriterion.Performance-simulationtests:
Selectiondevicesthatarebasedonactualjobbehaviors;worksamplingandassessmentcenters.第14頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四RejectErrorCorrectDecisionAcceptErrorCorrectDecisionSelectionDecisionAcceptRejectSuccessfulUnsuccessfulLaterJobPerformanceSelectionDecisionOutcomes第15頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四SelectionDevicesPerformanceSimulationsWrittenTests第16頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四FiringLayoffsandAttritionTransfersReducedWorkweeksJobSharingEarlyRetirementsDownsizingOptions第17頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TheEffectivenessofInterviewsPriorknowledgeaboutanapplicantAttitudeoftheinterviewerTheorderoftheinterviewNegativeinformationThefirstfiveminutesThecontentoftheinterviewThevalidityoftheinterviewStructuredversusunstructuredinterviews第18頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四SelectionDevices(cont’d)WrittenTestsRenewedemployerinterestintestingapplicantsfor:Intelligence:trainabletodothejob?Aptitude:coulddojob?Ability:candothejob?Interest(attitude):would/willdothejob?Integrity:trusttodothejob?Testsmustbeshowvalidatedconnectiontojob-relatedperformancerequirements.第19頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四SelectionDevices(cont’d)Performance-SimulationTestsBasedon
job-relatedperformancerequirementsYieldvalidities(correlationwithjobperformance)superiortowrittenaptitudeandpersonalitytests.第20頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Well-MatchedApplicantsRealisticExpectationsIncreasedCommitmentRealisticJobPreviews第21頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Orientation,Training,andDevelopmentOrientation(引導(dǎo)-新生訓(xùn)練):Theintroductionofanewemployeetothejobandtheorganization.對新進(jìn)員工提供公司的基本資訊,使員工能早一點(diǎn)進(jìn)入工作狀況Orientation
的技術(shù)舉辦座談會(huì),雙向溝通
樹立良好企業(yè)文化和組織氣候培養(yǎng)直線主管與新進(jìn)員工的關(guān)係,建立師徒制即早回饋新進(jìn)員工的績效表現(xiàn)Training:
提供新進(jìn)員工或現(xiàn)職員工工作所需的技能
Development:長期性培養(yǎng),訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)在的管理者與未來的管理者,解決組織問題之觀念性能力
第22頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四EmployeeOrientationSmoothInsider-OutsiderTransitionImproveWorkPerformanceMinimizeResignations第23頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四LearningtheRopesRealisticOrientationPrograms
fornewEmployees’Stress(ROPES)WarnaboutdisappointmentsHowtocopeiskeySupervisorsshouldmonitornewcomers第24頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Training101TeachingnewemployeesthebasicskillstheyneedtoperformtheirjobsThehallmarkofagoodmanagerLackofproductivityDefinition第25頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四WhyTraining
IsBoomingNOTjusttechnicaltraininganymore–over$19billionspentlastyearonoutsidetrainingTeambuildingDecisionmaking CommunicationCustomerserviceTechnologyandcomputerskillsTraininghelpsmanagementmeetstrategicgoals第26頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四5StepTrainingandDevelopmentProcessNeedsanalysis
InstructionaldesignValidationImplement
Evaluation&follow-up第27頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四DeterminingiftrainingisneededWhatdeficiencies,ifany,dojobholdershaveintermsofskills,knowledge,orabilitiesrequiredtoexhibittheessentialandnecessaryjobbehaviors?Whatbehaviorsarenecessaryforeachjobholdertocompletehisorherjobduties?Whataretheorganization’sstrategicgoals?Whattasksmustbecompletedtoachieveorganizationalgoals?Isthereaneedfortraining?第28頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingandDevelopmentProgramsTypesof
TrainingBasicLiteracyTechnicalSkillsInterpersonalSkillsProblemSolving第29頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四IndividualizingFormalTrainingtoFittheEmployee’sLearningStyleParticipationand
Experiential
ExercisesReadingsLecturesVisualAidsLearning
Methods第30頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四EmployeeTrainingDeterminestrategicgoalsIdentifyessentialtasksDeterminecriticalbehaviorsAssessdeficienciesinskills,knowledge,andabilities第31頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingMethodsJobRotationSimulationExercisesClassroomLecturesUnderstudyAssignmentsVestibuleTrainingFilmsandVideos第32頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TypicaltrainingmethodsSampleOn-the-JobTrainingMethods(OJT)-在職訓(xùn)練JobrotationLateraltransfersallowingemployeestoworkatdifferentjobs.Providesgoodexposuretoavarietyoftasks.UnderstudyProvidessupportandencouragementfromanexperiencedassignmentsworker.Inthetradesindustrythismayalsobeanapprenticeship.SampleOff-the-JobTrainingMethodsClassroomlecturesLecturesdesignedtoconveyspecifictechnical,interpersonal,orproblem-solvingskills.FilmsandvideosUsingthemediatoexplicitlydemonstratetechnicalskillsthatarenoteasilypresentedbyothertrainingmethods.SimulationexercisesLearningajobbyactuallyperformingthework(oritssimulation).Mayincludecaseanalyses,experientialexercises,roleplaying,andgroupinteraction.VestibuletrainingLearningtasksonthesameequipmentthatoneactuallywilluseonthejobbutinasimulatedworkenvironment.第33頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四典型的訓(xùn)練方法
表6-7
第34頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TraditionalTrainingMethodsOn-the-jobtrainingApprenticeshiptrainingInformallearningJobinstructiontrainingLecturesProgrammedlearningAudiovisualtoolsSimulatedtraining第35頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四
On-the-jobTrainingLearnbydoing–4stepstosuccessStep1PreparePutthelearneratease—relievethetension.Explainwhyheorsheisbeingtaught.Createinterest,findoutwhatthelearnerknows.Explainthewholejobandrelateittoaknownjob.Placeclosetothenormalworkingpositions.Familiarizewithequipment,materials,&tools.Step2PresentExplainquantityandqualityrequirements.Gothroughthejobatthenormalworkpace.Gothroughthejobseveraltimes,givingeachstep.Repeatslowlyagain.Havethelearnerexplainthestepsasyougothrough.Step3TryoutHavethelearnergothroughthejobseveraltimes.Runthejobatthenormalpace.Learnerdoesthejob,buildingupskillandspeed.Lettheworkbegin–stickaroundforawhile.Step4Follow-upDesignatetowhomthelearnershouldgoforhelp.Graduallydecreasesupervision,monitorquality.Correctfaultyworkbeforeitbecomesahabit.Complimentgoodwork;goalistoachievequality.第36頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四JobInstructionTrainingListeachstepinorderwithkeystepsStartmotorSetcutdistanceReadscalecarefullyPlacepaperoncuttingtableVerifypaperisevenPushpapertocutterVerifypaperistightGraspreleasewithlefthandDon’treleasetopreventinjuryGraspreleasewithrighthandDon’treleasetopreventinjuryPullcutter&safetyreleasesKeepbothhandsinplaceWaitforcutTofinishMaintaingripRetractpaperVerifycutterisdoneShutoffmotor第37頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四LecturesGivelistenerssignalsKeepconclusionsshortMaintaineyecontactControlyourhandsBreaklongtalkintoshorterseriesPracticemakesperfectDon’tbeginonwrongfootBealerttoyouraudienceMakesureallcanhearSpeakfromnotesnotscript第38頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ProgrammedLearningProgrammedlearning
(orprogrammedinstruction)isastep-by-stepself-learningmethodthatconsistsofthreeparts:PresentingRespondingFeedback第39頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ApprenticeshipTrainingInformallearningordailyinteractionAudiovisualtoolsSimulatedtrainingOtherTraditionalTrainingTechniques第40頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ElectronicTrainingComputersandtheInternethaverevolutionizedtrainingCBTorCD-ROMElectronicPerformanceSupportSystemsDistanceandInternetbasedTele-trainingVideoconferencingInternettrainingLearningportals第41頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ElectronicTraining(Cont.)JobAidsElectronicperformancesupportsystem(EPSS)第42頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Tele-trainingTeletraining:Atrainerinacentrallocationteachesgroupsofemployeesatremotelocationsviatelevisionhookups.第43頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四VideoconferencingVideoconferencingallowsfordistanceteachingortrainingManyPC’scurrentlycanparticipateinremotetrainingwithprogramslikeInstructorsmightneedtochangesometeachinghabits第44頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四LearningPortalsInsightCorporatewebpagesorenterpriseinformationportalsfocuslearningoncompanyspecificsSomearehighlyspecializedportalslike第45頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingForSpecialPurposesLiteracytrainingtechniques50%ofworkersmayreadbelow8thgradelevelAIDSeducation
Onemillionworkersmaybeinfected;thiscancauseanxietyinothers第46頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingForSpecialPurposesGlobalbusinesstrainingsamplesinclude:ExecutiveetiquetteforglobaltransactionsCross-culturaltechnologytransferInternationalprotocolandpresentationBusinessbasicsfortheforeignexecutiveLanguagetraining第47頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingForSpecialPurposesDiversitytrainingBettercross-culturalsensitivityResultsexamples:ImprovingtechnicalskillsSocializationU.S.workethic第48頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingForSpecialPurposesCustomerservicetrainingAlmosttwo-thirdsofU.S.workersareinservicejobs第49頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TrainingForSpecialPurposesTeamworktrainingOutwardBound“RecipesforSuccess”第50頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四
LifelongLearningLifelonglearning
providescontinuingtrainingfrombasicremedialskillstoadvanceddecision-makingtechniquesthroughoutanemployee’scareerNew&oldskillsalikearelearned&updatedcontinuouslyDefinition第51頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ManagerialDevelopmentManagementdevelopment
isanyattempttoimprovemanagerialperformancebyimpartingknowledge,changingattitudes,orincreasingskillswithanaimtoenhancethefutureperformanceofthecompanyitselfDefinition第52頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四ManagerialOn-the-jobTrainingJobrotationCoaching/understudyapproachActionlearning第53頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四
ManagerialOff-the-jobTrainingThecasestudymethodGamesSeminarsUniversityprogramsRoleplayingBehaviormodeling-4stepsInhousedevelopment第54頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Dowomenmakebettermanagers?Whatdoyouthink?Haveyoueverworkedforafemalemanager?Whatarethepositives?Negatives?第55頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四GlobalExecutiveDevelopmentCandidatesbackgroundsFamilysituationsBriefcandidatesonallrelocationpoliciesComprehensivetrainingProvideamentorEstablisharepatriationprogram第56頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Evaluatingthe
TrainingEffortControlledexperimentationispreferredwaytodesignastudyasithasacontrolgroupwhichgetsnotrainingMeasure4outcomesofthestudy:ReactionLearningBehaviorResultsTrainingevaluationform第57頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四MultipersonGraphicRatingScalesCriticalIncidentsWrittenEssayBARSPerformanceAppraisalMethods360-DegreeAppraisalMBO第58頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Performanceappraisalmethods
MethodAdvantageDisadvantageWrittenessaySimpletouseMoreameasureofevaluator’swritingabilitythanofemployee’sactualperformanceCriticalincidentsRichexamplesbehaviorallyTime-consuming;lackbasedquantificationGraphicratingProvidequantitativedata;lessDonotprovidedepthofjobscalestime-consumingthanothersbehaviorassessedBARSFocusonspecificTime-consuming;difficulttoandmeasurablejobbehaviorsdevelopmeasuresMultipersonComparesemployeeswithoneUnwieldywithlargenumberofanotheremployeesMBOFocusonendgoals;resultsTime-consumingoriented3600AppraisalMorethoroughTime-consuming第59頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四績效評估方法表6-8第60頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四PerformanceEvaluationWhatDoWeEvaluate?TraitsIndividualTask
OutcomesBehaviorsPerformanceEvaluation第61頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四PerformanceEvaluationWhoShouldDotheEvaluating?Immediate
SupervisorPeersSelf-EvaluationImmediate
Subordinates第62頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四SuggestionsforImprovingPerformanceEvaluationsEmphasizebehaviorsratherthantraits.Documentperformancebehaviorsinadiary.Usemultipleevaluatorstoovercomeraterbiases.Evaluateselectivelybasedonevaluatorcompetence.Trainevaluatorstoimproverateraccuracy.Provideemployeeswithdueprocess.第63頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四Onemanager’sperspective360-degreeappraisal:
Anappraisaldevicethatseeksfeedbackfromavarietyofsourcesforthepersonbeingrated.Discipline:
Actionstakenbyamanagertoenforceanorganization’sstandardsandregulations.Employeecounseling:
Aprocessdesignedtohelpemployeesovercomeperformance-relatedproblems.第64頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四360-DegreeEvaluations第65頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四TheUnion-ManagementInterface第66頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四CompensationandBenefits
Compensationadministration:Theprocessofdeterminingacost-effectivepaystructurethatwillattractandretaincompetentemployees,provideanincentiveforthemtoworkhard,andensurethatpaylevelswillbeperceivedasfair.
Employeebenefits:Nonfinancialrewardsdesignedtoenrichemployees’lives.第67頁,共77頁,2023年,2月20日,星期四CompensationAdministr
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