牛津譯林初中英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit 語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

牛津譯林初中英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)第1頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)yetrecentlypastadv.還，仍adv.近來(lái)，最近adj.過(guò)去的Wordsreview第2頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)TolearnthepresentperfecttenseTolearnthenewwordsandphrases:yet,recently,past,overthepastcenturylearnmoreaboutObjectives第3頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)語(yǔ)法講解建議采用歸納法，如盡可能多的呈現(xiàn)一些相關(guān)例句，或可讓學(xué)生從已學(xué)課文中找相應(yīng)例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生試著從所觀察到的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象中總結(jié)出語(yǔ)言規(guī)則和語(yǔ)法規(guī)律。第4頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.Wehaven'tgotmuchteaorcoffee,andwehaven'tgotanysugarorjam.(新概念1L79)2.I'vealreadyhadmyholidaythisyear.(新概念1L83)3.Haveyourmechanics(機(jī)修工)finishedyet?(新概念1L87)4.Hehasalwaysbeenagoodneighbour.(新概念1L91)第5頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)5.IhavejustarrivedinScotlandandI'mstayingataYouthHostel(青年旅社).(新概念1L101)6.Haveyoufinishedalready?(新概念1L125)7.—Eddie,haveyouseenmyfood?(P6)—Yes,I’vejusteatenit.—What?You’ve

eatenmyfood?Why?8.—You’ve

changed,Eddie.Youusedtosharefoodwithme!—You’ve

changedtoo.Youusedtobesokindtome.(P6)第6頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)9.I’ve

livedheresinceIwasborn.(P8)10.Haveyouevermovedhouse?(P8)11.…,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwe’velivedinthisareasincethen.(P8)12.Hasthetownchangedalotovertheyears?(P8)13.Now,thegovernmenthasturnedpartofthetowncentreintoanewpark.(P8)14.However,mostofmyoldfriendshavemovedaway.(P9)第7頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)GuessingGametotestyoursenseofobservationtotestyourabilityofshort-termmemorytotestyourabilitytohighlightthelanguagepointsGuess第8頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.We___________muchteaorcoffee,andwe___________anysugarorjam.2.I___already____myholidaythisyear.3._____yourmechanics________yet?4.He____always_____agoodneighbour.5.I_____just________inScotlandandI'mstayingataYouthHostel.6._____you________already?haven’tgothaven’tgot’vehadHavefinishedhasbeenhavearrivedHavefinished第9頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)7.—Eddie,_____you_____myfood?—Yes,I___just_____it.—What?You________

myfood?Why?8.—You___________,Eddie.Youusedtosharefoodwithme!—You___________too.Youusedtobesokindtome.9.I________heresinceIwasborn.10._____youever_______house?haveseen’veeaten’veeaten’vechanged’ve

changed’ve

livedHavemoved第10頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)11.…,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwe________inthisareasincethen.12.____thetown________alotovertheyears?13.Now,thegovernment__________partofthetowncentreintoanewpark.14.However,mostofmyoldfriends___________away.’ve

livedHaschangedhasturnedhavemoved第11頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.—YouworkinLuoyang,don’tyou?—Yes.I______inthiscityforthreeyears.A.workB.workedC.haveworkedD.willwork2.Thebookisverythin,butJackthinksit’sthebestbookthathe______.A.readB.hasreadC.willreadD.reads第12頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3.—Wouldyouliketogoandsee

DespicableMe2

withmetonight?—I’dliketo,butI______ittwice.A.seeB.willseeC.haveseenD.amseeing第13頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)以上我們已經(jīng)通過(guò)歸納總結(jié)和練習(xí)對(duì)本課的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容有了一定的了解，下面就讓我們根據(jù)之前練習(xí)的考察情況進(jìn)一步選擇講解該語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)的重難點(diǎn)。第14頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)◆現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already,yet,ever,never,just等副詞連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法Hehasturned

offthelight.他已把燈關(guān)了。(動(dòng)作結(jié)束于過(guò)去，但說(shuō)明的是現(xiàn)在的情況——燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。)第15頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)◆現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與since,for,sofar等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Ihavelivedhereformorethan20years.我在這兒已經(jīng)住了20多年了。(動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于20多年前，一直延續(xù)至今，有可能還要繼續(xù)下去。)

第16頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句句型

主語(yǔ)(第一,二人稱(chēng)單,復(fù)數(shù))+have(第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù))+have

(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))+has

+過(guò)去分詞e.g.Ihave

finishedmyhomework.Hehaswrittensixpoems.Theyhaveseenthatfilm.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成第17頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句句型

主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+……e.g.Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.Hehasn’tcomehereyet.hasn’t=hasnothaven’t=havenot第18頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+……Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+have/hasnot.e.g.Haveyoufinishedthework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.Hasshearrivedhere?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.第19頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞是規(guī)則的，只需在動(dòng)詞后加-ed；例如：

work→workedlisten→listenedjump→jumped

visit→visited2.在以-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加-d；例如：close→closedlike→likedagree→agreedmove→moved過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成第20頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3.在以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加ed；例如：

study→studiedcarry→carriedtry→triedworry→worried4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母再加-ed；例如：

stop→stoppeddrop→dropped

第21頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成有些動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去分詞相同；例如：

put→puthurt→hurt

become→becomerun→run2.改變單詞中間元音字母；例如：

sit→sat

win→won

hold→held3.把單詞結(jié)尾的字母d改為t；例如：

lend→lentspend→spentsend→sent第22頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)還有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞是不規(guī)則的，需要特殊記憶。（課本第122-123頁(yè)）4.以eep結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把eep改為ept；例如：

keep→keptsleep→slept5.過(guò)去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾；例如：

teach→taughtbuy→bought6.以ay結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把a(bǔ)y變成aid；例如：

say→saidpay→paid7.在原形詞尾加n或en；例如：

give→giveneat→eaten第23頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)RegularverbsIrregularverbsBaseformPastparticipleBaseformPast

participlevisitvisitedhithitrepairrepairedputputlivelivedmeetmetmovemovedmakemadetrytriedsellsoldstudystudiedgivegivenfitfittedwritewrittenSomemoreexamples:planplannedthinkthought第24頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中典型的時(shí)間表達(dá)第25頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.borrow_______2.hope______3.make______4.get_______5.plan________6.cry____7.send_____8.watch_______9.say______10.grow______11.hit_____12.enjoy_______Mr.Wuwantsthestudentstopractiseusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemwritethepastparticiplesoftheverbsbelow.(P14)Aborrowedhopedmadegotplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrownhitenjoyed第26頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.They____________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John_____never_______(visit)China.3.MrLi____________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4.We____________(notsee)eachotherforyears.5.Myparents_____________(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher___________(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.havefinishedhavenotcomehastaughthavenotseenhasrepairedhasvisitedMr.Wuasksthestudentstocompletethesentencesbelowusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemcompletethesentences.(P14)B第27頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)M:_____you_____(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,Ihaven’t.Whataboutyou?M:I____(see)onelastSaturday.S:What’sitabout?M:It’saboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I__________(learn)moreaboutBeijing’spastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI__________(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain.M:Yes,I’dliketo.HaveseensawhavelearnthaveheardMillieandSandyaretalkingaboutafilmaboutthehistoryofBeijing.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(P14)C第28頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊第29頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)—____youever____withagroup?—Yes,Ihave.A.Did,studyB.Are,studyingC.Were,studyingD.Have,studied2.—Lucy,_____you____yourticket?—Notyet.A.did;findB.have;found C.has;foundD.do;find3.Mygrandmother______alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.cansee C.willsee D.hasseenI.Multiplechoice.第30頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)4.Myauntisawriter.She______morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite

5.—Lookatthesestamps.I_______themforfiveyears.

—Wow,theyarewonderful.

A.kept

B.havekept

C.havebought第31頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)6.—I’dliketointroducemybestfriendtoyou,Peter.—Thankyou,Lucy.Butwe______already.A.meetB.metC.willmeetD.havemet7.Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything______.

A.ischanged

B.waschanged

C.hadchanged

D.haschanged

第32頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.I________(have)dinner.Iamfull.2.We_________(read)thisstory.3.They________(see)themovie.4.She__________(buy)somenicetoys.5.Hurryup!Lunch_____already______(begin).6.We___________(wash)ourclothes.They’recleannow.7._____heever_______(ride)abike?havehadhavereadhaveseenhasboughthavewashedII.Fillintheblanks.Hasriddenhasbegun第33頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.I’vealreadyhaddinner.(否)I_____________dinner_____.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.(否)He_____________hishomework___.3.Mumhascookedthedinner.(否)Mum______________thedinner.4.Ihavedonemyhomework.(疑)_____youdoneyourhomework___?5.Ihaveriddenahorse.(疑)_____you_