不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)及練習(xí)

不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的類型動(dòng)詞不定式既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)又名詞的性質(zhì)它有人稱和數(shù)的變化在句子中不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等詞定式在句子中可用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用的動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)+定式的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有以下八種類型下列句子中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足)一、許多動(dòng)詞可跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)+…構(gòu)句，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；否定形式為動(dòng)+賓語(yǔ)。如dosthtoldtwoletters.分析：句中“boss做語(yǔ)“told作語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。forbadeleavethecountry.Pleasemenotbefor高中范圍內(nèi)于動(dòng)賓語(yǔ)(not)todo的結(jié)構(gòu)式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有，allow，，beg，，，encourage，，forbid，forceinvite，，，persuade，remind，request，require，teachtell，want，等二、有些動(dòng)詞可賓語(yǔ)be…構(gòu)句子，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Ihimbest分析：句“做主語(yǔ)“consider作語(yǔ)“him作語(yǔ)，劃線部作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。IIsupposebeaway高中范圍內(nèi)，適用動(dòng)詞+賓+to的構(gòu)不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有consider，declarediscover，find等三些動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞和使動(dòng))后可跟不帶to的定式構(gòu)成句子句的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Hesawenter分析：句中做語(yǔ)“saw作語(yǔ)“her作語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。letdoit.IheardlocktheWechildrenplaygames.高中范圍內(nèi)，適用動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+的結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有have，hear，，notice，，，等還有兩個(gè)詞組to，注意這類句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不定式前加to請(qǐng)看下列句子，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Achildseenenterwasoftenhe②在使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不定式不帶to。有些動(dòng)詞跟不定式賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)省去了，這些動(dòng)詞有：一感二聽(tīng)三讓四觀看。一感：feel二：hear,listen三讓：let,have,四觀看：observe,see,look這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et,等。轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后通常都用帶to的定沒(méi)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Whatwouldyoudo?

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了煙。himdo他干什么就讓他干。ard四后不定式可加to也可不加to(美人不加時(shí)多但被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要加to。例如：I'llhelpthe分析：句中I做語(yǔ)“will作謂語(yǔ)，作語(yǔ)，劃線部分作語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。上句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為：You'llbehelpedpushthecart.五有些“動(dòng)詞+介詞的結(jié)構(gòu)后也可跟不定式構(gòu)句子句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)例如：Heshoutedcome分析：句中做語(yǔ)“shouted作語(yǔ)“to”為介詞作語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞+詞+賓語(yǔ)todo，線部分為不定式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。IyoutodoIamcountingonyoutohelpme高中范圍內(nèi)于動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓+todo的構(gòu)式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有shoutsb.to，callsb.，ondo，dependsb.to，forsb.todo等六、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式，表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示情況之前發(fā)生，就需要用完成形式：HewasforInternationalOlympic分析：句“做語(yǔ)“wasknown作語(yǔ)，使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句意可知國(guó)際奧委會(huì)工作發(fā)生在前大知道發(fā)在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。aretohavediscussed七、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)需用進(jìn)行形式：Hebelievedin分析句“做語(yǔ)“isbelieved作語(yǔ)使了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由句子表達(dá)主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的情況，故用不定式的進(jìn)行形式，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子。Thousandswerereportedbeworkinginconcentrationcamps.Hethoughttohidinginthe間或不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)也可用于完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：beendoingthisworkfortwentyyears.八、不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)形式：hedidn'therbetakenaway.分析句中“做主語(yǔ)作語(yǔ)son作賓語(yǔ)由于herson與“takeaway”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)形式，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子。I'dlikebeHedidn'twishsubjectmentionedintheletter.■練：1.Theyknewverywell.Theyhad___全國(guó))B.D.togrowteacherasked___noise.(2003北)don'tmakenotmakeC.notnotto--2

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（編輯：趙露）

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