2012考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析

Section UseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1)inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe(2)mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3)alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4)offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5)anaverageguy,up6)thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies.Hisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7)ernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle8)tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever9)ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10)hadaorviceorsecretaryofstateJoe.GI.Joehada(11)careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacter,ora(12)ofAmerican alities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle(13)portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe(14)sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow–and-mudsoldiers,nothow were(15)orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated,His(16)the“willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesBillMaulden.Bothmen(17)thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the(18)ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,(20)themostimportant intheirlives.1.[A]performed 2.[A]actual [C]form 8.[A]handedout [B]turnover [C]broughtback [D]passeddown [B]disturbed[C]disputed 12.[A][B]collection[C]community[D]colony13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained20.[A]onthe [B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthat【答案】二次大戰(zhàn)的和女人。只有serve有“服兵役”的意思，所以選B。其他都不符合題意?！敬鸢浮慷嗫嚯y，顯然這里應(yīng)該是說(shuō)由普通人平凡人(commonman)成長(zhǎng)為，所以選B。【解析本題考查的是詞語(yǔ)的搭配關(guān)系承擔(dān)帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞bear或shoulder，所以這里選A，bore?！窘馕觥縩ecessities表示“生活必需品”foodshelter(食物和住宿)這些就是維持生存最起碼的條件。Facilities是設(shè)備設(shè)施，commodities商品，properties財(cái)產(chǎn)，均不符【答案】C?！窘馕鲞@道題主要考查介詞的搭配根據(jù)up (thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutal).enemies可以知道是起來(lái)反抗敵人，所以選D選項(xiàng)against?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥縂I。在軍事上是ernmentIssue的縮略語(yǔ)，所以，GL。這個(gè)符號(hào)就是象征著這個(gè)全稱ernmentIssue。選C?！狈项}意。Turnover“移交”，bringback“帶回”，passdown“，一代一代傳下來(lái)”在ManageD。Joenever，B?！窘馕觥勘绢}詞匯辨析?？账诘恼Z(yǔ)境為：GI.Joe有 以及韓國(guó)的。由此語(yǔ)境確定選D，其他幾項(xiàng)均不符合題意。【答案】結(jié)合了人的諸多特性。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，可知作者想表達(dá)在他身上有很多人的典型特色，B?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥勘绢}詞匯辨析。空所在語(yǔ)境為：Pyle的士兵也本色出演了該片。結(jié)合上句對(duì)ErniePyle的介紹，可知為一(warcorrespondent)，確定答案C?！窘馕觥勘绢}詞匯辨析?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：Pyle擅長(zhǎng)報(bào)導(dǎo)的__面，報(bào)導(dǎo)這些渾多的是人性。所以選D?！窘馕觥勘绢}詞匯辨析。本題承接上題，表達(dá)：Pyle并不關(guān)注士兵行軍多少里，或是占領(lǐng)或解放了多少地方。Gain有推進(jìn)(一段)D?！窘馕觥勘绢}詞匯辨析?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：他的報(bào)導(dǎo)與BillMaulden的是 緊接的一句話揭示了本題的答案，兩者都(Bothmen)。由此可確定兩人的報(bào)導(dǎo)應(yīng)是類(lèi)似的。因而選A“coun ”dupicated”“表示“反駁，與...”?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥勘绢}邏輯搭配?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：兩者都的丑惡，以及所帶來(lái)的損耗?！庇缮项}可知道，Pyle更加注重中的士兵，因而他不可能是忽略(neglected)，避免(avoided)或是欽佩(admired)所帶來(lái)的這一些的東西，因而本題選C?！敬鸢浮康挠X(jué)可以睡與前面所說(shuō)的前面dirt,exhaustionofwarB【答案】【解析】本題邏輯搭配?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：G.I.Joe是他們生命中最重要的人。原題onthecontrary“正相反”[B]bythismeans“用這種方式”；[C]fromtheoutset“從一開(kāi)始”；[D]atthatpoint表示“就那點(diǎn)(方面)來(lái)說(shuō)”。D為最佳答案。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1/2011/jul/01/opinion/la-ed-hasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparentsbutinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.SchooldistrictsacrossthecountrymostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunay,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblewhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,maynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade。Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheir.Buttheisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,noshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorDistrictadministratorssaythatwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersaretoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwith countingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheir andseeveylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheir ,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheir Itisquitepossiblethat theimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule。Atthesametime,theaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestions .thedistrictfinds tobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifdoesnothingtoensurethatthe studentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect rulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducational,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateL.AUnifiedto rightItisimpliedinparagraph1that isreceivingmorecriticism[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses[D]isgainingmorepreferences22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetherule mainlybecausepoor [A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheir[D]havevoicedtheircomintsaboutAccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththeisthatitmay [A]discouragestudentsfromng[B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests[D]restrictteachers'powerinAsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredaboutis itshouldbeeliminated[B]itcountsmuchinschooling[C]itcesextraburdensonteachers[D]itisimportantforgradesAsuitabletitleforthistextcould WrongInterpretationofanEducational edforPoorStudents[C]ThornyQuestionsabout[D]AFaultyApproachtoPrettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apas versionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageanddifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokins,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehaviour:wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.Tradepublicationscounseleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdstepstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.Bysaying"itis...therainbow"(Line3,Para.1)，theauthormeans shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocence[C]cannotexingirls'lackofimagination[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterestsAccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?[A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA.[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourfor[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.[D]Whiteispreferredbybabies.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby themarketingofproductsforchildren[B]theobservationofchildren'snature[C]researchesintochildren'sbehavior[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumptionWemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedto [A]focusoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroups[D]createsomecommonshoppers'Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemsto clearlyexinedbytheirinbornfullyunderstoodbyclothingmainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexpertsIn2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades---by2005some20%ofhumangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganisation(BIO)，atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholdpatentstotwogenesthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,a inUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike.Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatalizedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgenepatents:ageneisaproductofnature,soitmaynotbepatented;genepatentssuppressinnovationratherthanrewardit;andpatents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask-urgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule“isnolessaproductofnature...thanarecottonfibersthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds.”Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.AStheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterimpact.CompaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublic.firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesinct,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug’sefficacy,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor‘connectingthedots’,exinsHansSauer,alawyerfortheBIO.Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrecentlyheldaconventionwhichincludedsessionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked.ItcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswouldtheirexecutivestobejudgestoruleoutgenegenestobetheBIOtoissueaThosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievegenetictestsarenotonlyman-madeproductsarepatentsongenesdependmuchoncourtsshouldrestrictaccesstogeneticAccordingtoHansSauer,companiesareeagertowinpatentsestablishingdiseasediscoveringgene drawingpicturesofidentifyinghumanBysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeanstheSupremeCourtwastheBIOwasapowerfulgenepatentingwasagreatlawyerswerekeentoattendGenerallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingText4Thegreatrecessionmaybeoverbutthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.And yitislikelytoreshapeourpoliticsourcultureandthecharacterofoursocietyforyears。Noonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicdisaster.Manysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;they elessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothersInlimitedrespectsperhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroffAttheveryleastithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhousesandputanecessaryendtoaneraofreckless alspending。Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusiveandhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsanddoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesbetweenracesandclasses。einequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,.thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinclassdivides,anddecreaseopportunitiestocrossthem---especiallyforyoungpeople.TheresearchofTillVonWachter,theeconomistinColumbiaUniversity,suggeststhatnotallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed:thosewithdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowheretheyotherwisewouldhavebeeniftheyhadgraduatedinbettertimes;itisthemassesbeneaththemthatareleftbehind。Intheinternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseetheresentmentthathasalwaysbeenhiddenwithinAmericansocietyMoredifficultinthemomentisdiscerningpreciselyhowtheseleantimesareaffectingsociety’scharacterInmanyrespectstheU.Swasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisrecessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialsincethenhaveshownmixedresultsWewillhavetowaitandseeexactlyhowthesehardtimeswillreshapeoursocialfabric.Buttheycertainlyit,andallthemoresothelongertheyextend。Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”(Line1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto [A]seeksubsidiesfromthe [B]explorereasonsfortheunemployment[C]makeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomy[D]lookonthebrightsideoftherecessionAccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmade realizethenationaldream[B]struggleagainsteachother[C]challengetheirlifestyle[D]reconsidertheirlifestyleBenjaminFriedmanbelievethateconomicrecessions imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrants[B]bringoutmoreevilsofhumannature[C]Promotetheadvanceofrightsand sbetweenracesandclassesTheresearchofTillVonWachthersuggeststhatinrecessiongraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendto lagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedopportunities[B]catchupquicklywithexperiencedemployees[C]seetheirlifechancesasdimmedastheothers’[D]recovermorequicklythantheothersTheauthorthinksthattheinfluenceofhardtimesonsociety 【解析】文章首段首句“家庭作業(yè)一直不受學(xué)生，還有許多家長(zhǎng)的歡迎，特別是到…”，nowadaysinrecentyears“ithasbeenparticularlyscorned?！钡耐x改A。【答案】家庭作業(yè)中可能遇到的?！边@與題干所問(wèn)“制定該政策的主要原因”以及“貧困學(xué)生”就對(duì)C?！窘馕觥课恼碌谌蔚诙?，“如果家庭作業(yè)僅占分值的10%，學(xué)生很容易少做一半的家庭作業(yè)，在他們的成績(jī)單上也不會(huì)有什么差別?！薄凹彝プ鳂I(yè)僅占分值10%”這是L.A.Unified制定出的家庭作業(yè)政策的內(nèi)容，因此，從這句話可以看出有了這項(xiàng)政策，既然成績(jī)單上不會(huì)有區(qū)別，學(xué)生就會(huì)選擇少做一半的家庭作業(yè)，這個(gè)意思對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)為A?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥款}干“akeyquestionunanswered”對(duì)應(yīng)第四段的首句“theaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabout 簡(jiǎn)單歸納出，L.A.Unified所指定的這項(xiàng)政策到目前為止還未對(duì)家庭作業(yè)對(duì)于學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)是否有重要作用給出確定答案，故答案選B。L.A.Unified所指定的政策為例，說(shuō)明這項(xiàng)政策在各方面的作為，如第三段末尾說(shuō)“Theimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule”，第四段首句說(shuō)“這項(xiàng)政策并未解決任何關(guān)于家庭作業(yè)的棘手問(wèn)題”BC選項(xiàng)CA選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于“錯(cuò)誤解讀”，文章是對(duì)政策進(jìn)行客觀解讀，錯(cuò)誤的是政策本身，而非解讀。D選項(xiàng)考生可能不選的原因在于對(duì)“approach”一詞的內(nèi)涵意義不夠理解，approach一詞本意是接近，靠近，方法，它引申出來(lái)就是策略的意思，與文章中的內(nèi)涵一致，故答案D為正確選項(xiàng)。Text 根據(jù)文章第一段第三行，but作為連詞表示后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的否定，but之前的意思是說(shuō)“粉色本身并不是不好”，而后買(mǎi)面的“suchatinysliceof”是指“是彩虹中多么微小的一部分”，由此可以得出，粉色并不代表童年生活的全部。所以，選A?！敬鸢浮慷蔚谝痪湓?，前半部分是說(shuō)“對(duì)于粉色的關(guān)注看起來(lái)好像是不可避免的，不知怎么的，7行，pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,可以得出，C選項(xiàng)得知，bluesymbolizedfemininity,可以得知，藍(lán)色曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是子的顏色，符合文章題B?！窘馕觥款}干“作者認(rèn)為我們對(duì)于兒童心理發(fā)展的看法，多受的影響?！睆脑牡谌蔚氖拙洹拔抑皼](méi)有，我們對(duì)孩子們所固有特性的認(rèn)知深受市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì)的支配，包括我們對(duì)他們心理發(fā)展的看法”，這一句可以明顯看出相關(guān)兒童市場(chǎng)及其產(chǎn)品在左右人們確答案為A【答案】”A錯(cuò)誤；B“把不同放在同等重要的地位”，此說(shuō)法原文中并未提及，原文第4段只是造一些者的術(shù)語(yǔ)”，作者只是舉出了一個(gè)“術(shù)語(yǔ)”的例子，但這不是作者的建議，真CC為正確答案。【答案】C選項(xiàng)正合題意，其他選項(xiàng)都不正確。Text3【答案】，【解析】文章首段首句提到“In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore?！保?010年的一項(xiàng)決定了的生物科技產(chǎn)業(yè)。后面接著提到，這項(xiàng)決定是“geneswereunpatentable”，意思是與相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目不能夠獲得專利權(quán)，而“executives與相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目能夠獲得專利權(quán)。，，是自然的產(chǎn)品；第二個(gè)是獲得專利會(huì)創(chuàng)新；第三個(gè)是，專利的會(huì)限制測(cè)試。故正確答案為B。，【解析】文章第五段中提到“Firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesin ct,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug'sefficacy”，即各大公司目前正在研究之間的相互作用，尋找它們之間的相關(guān)性，從而通過(guò)這些相關(guān)性推斷疾病產(chǎn)生的原因或預(yù)測(cè)藥物的有效性。而HansSauer解釋到各大公司渴望贏得專利權(quán)故而選A。答案B屬于偷換概念；答案C和D在文中沒(méi)有提到。【答案】屬于臆斷；答案D是干擾項(xiàng)，訓(xùn)練只是這次大會(huì)的一部分內(nèi)容，以偏概全。到的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。故而，作者多專業(yè)的態(tài)度是客觀的，即答案D。Text在努力奮斗即D選項(xiàng)中reconsidertheirlifestyle,重新審視他們的生活方式A干擾性，但文中說(shuō)“將我們從夢(mèng)想中喚醒”，所以不對(duì)。B、C沒(méi)有提到?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥慷ㄎ辉诘谌蔚诙溟_(kāi)始。接下來(lái)一句通過(guò)mean-spiritedandlessinclusive，B選項(xiàng)正是該句的改寫(xiě)，故為正確答案；A屬于過(guò)度推理；C、D意思明顯弄反遭遇時(shí)的狀態(tài)。D選項(xiàng)與之含義相符。C明顯不對(duì)，“notallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed”表明，不是所有的畢業(yè)生都認(rèn)為前途渺茫。B項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有。A與原文相反?！窘馕觥坑勺詈笠痪淇芍?，“theycertainlywillreshapeit”表示時(shí)期的一定會(huì)對(duì)社會(huì)D均不正確。A項(xiàng)是“無(wú)足輕重的”，明顯不對(duì)。Partmentis Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10points)“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhas plishedinthisworld,isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot.Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavouritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassinglirycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration.FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemrylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,thechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders.Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthorsoftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessofthe alexperienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamualS wroteSelf-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplores."Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ifpatientpurpose,resoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformulationoftrulynobleandmanycharacter,exhibit,"wroteS."whatitisinthepowerofeach plishforhimself"HisbiographiesofJamesWalt,RichardArkwrightandWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmereCommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthwagedbattles:“Itisman,real,livingmanwhodoesallthat.”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle.Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast.”NiccoloemphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroeshighlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingfocusedNiccoloemphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroeshighlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingfocusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveshardtoimitate43.Samuel[D]openedupnewgreatmeninhistoryofunderstandingThomasCarlyle [E]heldthathistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle。MarxandEngels [Fdismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessful[G]depictedtheworthylivesofindustrialistsand【解析】本題答案鎖定在第三自，第二行講到“Petrarchbegan...highlightingthevirtueofclassicalheroes”即彼特拉克在他的書(shū)中強(qiáng)調(diào)古典的美德答案A與此是完全對(duì)應(yīng)的?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕龃祟}定位于第三自第五行重點(diǎn)理解詞組“turnonitshead”,意思為“tochangesthcompley”，所以說(shuō)與彼特拉克強(qiáng)調(diào)的virtue相比，馬基雅維利將狡詐、無(wú)情、粗蠻試作成功的技能，而不是重視美德、仁慈與公正。【解析】此題定位于第四自的第四行，“Self-helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplorers”·斯邁爾斯在他的書(shū)《成事在己》里面講到了工程師，實(shí)業(yè)家，探險(xiǎn)家的有意義的生活，G與此是對(duì)應(yīng)的【答案】【解析】此題定位于第五自第三行，“theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate”，托馬斯，卡萊爾描述了一些穿越苦難的劃時(shí)代的人物。C對(duì)應(yīng)了此答案。recordofstruggle”E與此句是完全對(duì)應(yīng)的。SectionIIITranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishinto .WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Whenpeopleindevelocountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusuallyconcernedattheprospectofthebestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValleyortohospitalsanduniversitiesinthedevelopedworld.ThesearethekindofworkersthatcountrieslikeBritain,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationrulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates.Lotsofstudieshavefoundthatwell-educatedpeoplefromcountriesareparticularlylikelytoemigrate.Abigsurveyofnhouseholdsin2004foundthatnearly40%ofemigrantshadmorethanahigh-schooleducation,comparedwitharound3.3%ofallnsovertheageof25.This"braindrain”haslongbotheredmakersinpoorcountries.Theyfearthatithurtstheireconomies,deprivingthemofmuch-neededskilledworkerswhocouldhavetaughtattheiruniversities,workedintheirhospitalsandcomeupwithclevernewproductsfortheirfactoriestomake.拿大、澳大利亞這樣的國(guó)家通過(guò)賦予受過(guò)大學(xué)教育者以的法想要吸引的人群。2004年對(duì)家庭開(kāi)展了一項(xiàng)廣泛的，結(jié)果顯示約40%的受過(guò)高中以上的教育。相比而言，在所有超過(guò)25歲的人中，受過(guò)高中以上教育的人數(shù)比例只有約3.3%。1)文章第一句的主句需要我們?nèi)フJ(rèn)真思考下?！皌heyareusuallyconcernedattheprosp