2022屆浙江省紹興市柯橋區(qū)高考及選考科目5月適應性考試英語試題

2022屆浙江省紹興市柯橋區(qū)高考及選考科目5月適應性考試

英語試題學校:姓名:班級:考號：一、閱讀理解AmericangymnastSimoneBilesfliesthroughtheairasthoughshewasmadeforit.ShehaswonmoreWorldChampionshipgoldmedalsthananyotherfemalegymnastinhistory.SheisalsothefirstwomangymnasttowinthreeconsecutiveWorldall-aroundtitles.Bilestrains35hoursaweek.Duringtrainingsheoftencomesupwithnewmoves,someofwhichsheusesincompetitions.Acomplicatedflipsheintroducedinthe2013WorldChampionshipsisoneoffourskillsthatarenamedafterher.Foraudiences,seeingBileseffortlesslyperformmakesiteasytoforgethowdifficultgymnasticsis.Athletesareunderanintenseamountofpressure,andasmallmistakecanresultinseriousinjury.AttheSummerOlympicGamesinTokyo,Bilesexperiencedsomethinggymnastscall“thetwisties"，whichiswhenagymnastlosestrackofwheretheirbodyisintheair.Insteadofputtingherselfandherteamatrisk,Bileswithdrewfromthecompetition.Bilesrosetoathleticgloryfromhumblebeginnings.Shespentsometimeinfostercarebeforesheandheryoungersister,Adria,wereadoptedasveryyoungchildrenbytheirgrandfatherRonandhiswifeNellie.Bileswasintroducedtogymnasticsattheageof6onaschoolfieldtriptoagym.Shesawsomegymnastspracticing,beganmimickingtheirmovesandassertedherselfbyinsistingthatherparentssendherforgymnasticslessons.Acoachatthegymalsorecognizedhertalentandsentaletterhomeaskingherparentstosendherforlessons.Throughouthercareer,Bileshaskeptherpassionforthesport,whichisevidentinthehugesmilesheoftenwearswhilecompeting.Butshealsowantspeopletoknowtheimportanceofputtingmentalhealthfirstandnotignoringhowstresscanbeharmfultoit.InBiles'2016memoir,titledCouragetoSoar,thebooktellsinherwords"howmyfaithandmyfamilymademywildestdreamscometrue.Andhowembracingadreamcangiveyoucouragetosoar."Biles'courage,especiallyherwillingnesstoassertherselfinthefaceofintensepublicpressure,continuestobeaninspirationforeveryone.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?TointroduceAmericangymnastSimoneBiles.Toanalyzethepotentialrisksingymnasticcompetitions.Todescribethesignificanceofdreamsforgymnasts.D.TostressSimoneBiles'effortsinhersuccess.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkBilesis?A.Persistentandstubborn.B,Courageousanddetermined.A.Persistentandstubborn.B,Courageousanddetermined.D.Considerateandcurious.B.Amagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anautobiography.D.Considerateandcurious.B.Amagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anautobiography.C.Warm-heartedandquick-minded.Whereisthepassagepossiblytakenfrom?A.Abookreview.Myopia,ornearsightedness,isreachingepidemicproportions.IntheU.S?,morethan40%ofthepopulationweremyopicby2019,upfromjust28%in2000,andestimatessuggestthatone-thirdoftheworld'spopulationwillbenearsightedbytheendofthedecade.Myopiacanusuallybecorrectedeasilywithglasses,contactlenses,orsurgery,butevenstillnearsightedpeopleareatahigherriskofglaucoma（青光眼）,retinaldetachment,andcataracts.Thecondition'ssheerpervasivenesshasmaderesearcherswonderaboutitscauses.Scientistshaveproposedoneofthereasonswhytheconditionhasbecomemorecommon:Youngpeoplearespendingtoomuchtimeindoors,accordingtoareportpublishedinNature.Studiesoftwinsinthe1960sshowedthatDNAinfluencesnearsightedness.Butinformationfromasfarbackas400yearsagoindicatedthatgenesweren'tthewholestory一theastronomerJohannesKeplerthoughthisownpoorvisionresultedfromhavinghisnoseinabookfbrsomanyyears.MorerecentresearchhassupportedKepler'shypothesis:Theriseinmyopiasyncsupwithastrongeremphasisoneducation.Germanresearchershavealsofoundthatstudentswhoattendedmoreyearsofschoolhadamuchhigherrateofmyopiathantheirlessacademicpeers.Myopiaexpertshaven'treachedaconsensusaboutexactlyhowtoslowtherisingtideofnearsightedness.ButoneAustralianresearcherfoundthatkidscouldmaintainhealthyvisionbyspendingthreehoursperdayunderlightlevelsof10,000luxormore.Thisisaboutthelevelexperiencedbysomeoneunderashadytree,wearingsunglasses,onabrightsummerday.Forcomparison,awell-litclassroomisusuallynomorethan500lux.Manyresearchersagreethatkidswhospendmoretimeoutsidewillmaintaingoodvisionformuchlonger,plusthephysicalactivitycouldstaveoffoverweightandimprovemood.Theworkhassparkedanumberofcountriestostartpublichealthcampaignsdesignedtogetkidsoutside.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyKepler'sexample?Overlearningmightbeacauseofmyopia.Keplerispassionatelyfondofreadingbooks.Studiesoftwinsinthe1960sarenotaccurate.Geneshavenothingtodowithnearsightedness.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"syncsupwith“inParagraph3probablymean?A.takeschargeof B.getsridofC.keepsinstepwith D.getsintouchwithWhatisthepurposeofthetext?Toexplaintheexactcausesofnearsightedness.Toreportresearchfindingsofnearsightedness.Toexpressconcernovertheriseinnearsightedness.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofnearsightedness.Treesareabletodefendthemselvesagainstdiseases.Theyhavebothprotectivestructuresandprotectiveprocesses.ThanksinlargeparttoresearchdonebyDr.AlexShigo,wenowknowagreatdealmoreaboutthewaytreesprotectthemselvesthanwedid50yearsago.Justasourskinkeepsharmfulbacteriaontheoutside,bark（樹皮）keepsouttreediseases.Sincetheycan'tmovearoundtoavoiddangers,treesneedthicker“skin"thanwedo.Livingandnon-livingtissuesprotecttreetrunks,roots,andbranchesfrommechanicalinjury,dryingout,anddiseases.Butwhensomethingdestroysthisfirstlineofdefense—tearsthroughthebark一whathappensinternallyisinteresting.Whenaninjuryoccurs,atreewilltransformsomeofitsstoredsugarstomakemassesofdefensivechemicals,whicharethendistributedinaspecificpatterninternallyaroundthewound.Dr.Shigowasthefirsttodocumentthispattern,whichhecalledCODIT-Compartmentalization（分室化）ofDecay（腐爛）inTrees.InmakingtheseCODITcompartments,treesformchemicalwallstoprotectthemselvesfrominfection.Thesuccessofthiswalling-offprocessdependsalotonthespecies.Hardmaple,forinstance,cangenerateastrongCODITresponsewhilespecieslikesoftmapleachieveonlyanaveragelevel.Some,ontheotherhand,barelymanagetoformanychemicalwalls.Overalltreevitalityisanotherimportantfactor.Evenahardmaplemaynotbeabletoformstrongchemicalwallsififsinaweakstate.Bydefinition,landscapetreesarestressedascomparedtotheirforest-livingcousins.Astreettreeisworseoff,facedwithlimitedrootspace,airpollution,andmore.Thesizeoftheinjuryalsomakesadifference.Evenahealthytreecanhaveitsdefensesdestroyedbyalargewound.Humanscanhelpmaximizetrees'defensecapabilitybywateringduringdryseasons,keepingthingsoutoftherootzone,etc.Inreturn,treeswillhelpkeepusingoodhealthbyofferingshade,beauty,andcompanionship.Whatwillhappenfirstifdiseasescomeclosetotrees?A.Infectionwilloccurinternally. B.BarkwillprovideprotectionC.Chemicalwallswilltakeeffect. D.Defensechemicalswillbeformed.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofDr.Shigo'sresearch?Groundbreaking.B.Conservative.C.Ambiguous.D.Straightforward.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybymentioninghardmapleinParagraph4?A.TreescanformchemicalwallsThesizeoftheinjuryaffectsCODIT.Treescannotprotectthemselvesifweakened.TheeffectivenessofCODITvariesamongspecies.10.Whatcanmostlikelybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Thegiftofthetrees. B.ThemagicofCODIT.C,Thefunctionofthebark. D.Theself-preservationofthetrees.二、七選五Theworldhasbeenwitnessingagrowingnumberofcountrieswherepeoplefromaroundtheglobelivetogetherandcommunicatewitheachother,withvariouscustomsandbeliefscoexisting.AmericaandSingaporearetypicalexamples.Distinctculturesmergeintoacommonculturalcontextformankind.11Cultureshapesouridentityandinfluencesourbehaviors,andculturaldiversitymakesus試卷第4頁，共9頁accept,ortosomeextent,evenintegrateandassimilate（同化）intoothercultures.Toadapttoadiverseculturalcommunity,thefundamentalthingistobeawarethattherearedifferentculturesapartfromourown.12Sometimesapersonmaynotknowmuchaboutgeographyorhistory,butbymixingwithpeoplefromothercultures,theymayhavetheopportunitytolearnmoreaboutdifferentcountries.Forthosewhowanttolearnbutdonotknowwheretostart,agreatpointistopickupabookabouttheculturetheyareinterestedin,ordosomeonlineresearchonreputablewebsites.13Onemorewaytostartlearningaboutnewculturesissimplytastingthefoodfromdifferentcultures,sincefoodcanalsobeanaspectofculturaldiversity.14Ifsthesamefbrchildrentoo,especiallyforthosewholiveinculturallydiversecitiessuchasLosAngeles,Shanghai,orHongKong.Ifchildrenarenotawareofdiversity,thentheybecomeclose-minded.Thiscanleadtotroublesatschoolandevenleadtobullying.Showthemhowdiversetheworldis.15Intoday'sworld,ifweareabletoknowaboutothercultures,andrespectothervalues,lifewillbeeasierforus.Understandingdiversityisimportantforadults.Herearesomewaystofightagainstculturalprejudices.Thebestwaytolearn,though,isthroughface-to-faceinteraction.That'swhymoreofusfeelasifwearelivinginamulticulturalage.Takeapositiveviewofdifferentcultures,andwecanbroadenourhorizons.Helpthembemoreopen-mindedtowardpeopleofdifferentraces,cultures,andcountries.G.Inmanymulticulturalcommunities,thebestrepresentationofdiversitycanbefoundinschools.三、完形填空PeterlovedhiswifeMarion,lovedadventure,andlovedhiscampervan（里予營車）calledSchoen.ThepairmadenumerousunforgettableroadtripsinSchoen.ButafterMariondied,the16Schoenhadfewerandfeweroutings.WithSchoen'sadventuringdays17over,Peterdecidedtoputitupfor18 .Eliseandherhusband,Domenic,hadalwaysdreamedofowningtheirown"happinessbus"andtravelinginacampervan.Oneday,Elise19thesalesinformationonSchoenandthecouple20decidedtotakealook.ElisefellinlovewithSchoenatfirstsight,butPeteraskedfor$39,000,welloutsidetheir21 .Feelingextremely22 .thecoupleleft.6€Wewere23tohavemetPeter,“saidElise."Wesharedwithhimourstoryanddreamofowningavanlikethat.”Afewdayslater,Petercalledto24thembackforasecondlook.25,theyoungcouplecameagain,butwithoutmuch26Petersaidhehadsofarreceivedtwo27forSchoen,andbothmethisaskingprice.Buttheywerefrom28,whichwouldlikelymeanthevan's29gatheringdustinagarageordisplay.PeteraskedhowmuchthecouplewouldbeabletoDomenictoldhimthemosttheycouldspendwasaroundhalfofwhathewasPeter,holdingbacktearshimself,toldthemhewould32theirofferonlyiftheypromisedtohaveadventureswithSchoen.NowSchoenisongloriousadventuressomewhere,33EliseandDomeniccreatewonderfulfamily34."PeterisdefinitelyaheroforusJsaysElise."FindingSchoenandmakingthattoPeterhadtotallychangedourlife/5A.neatly-decorA.seeminglyA.exchangeA.cameacrossA.neatly-decorA.seeminglyA.exchangeA.cameacrossA.abruptlyA.salaryA.annoyedA.gratefulA.informA.FrightenedA.expectationA.lettersA.collectorsA.normallyA.receiveC,much-anticipatedB.finallyB.rentB.figuredoutB.randomlyB.targetB,disappointedB.regretfulB.warnB.DiscouragedB.hesitationB.offersB,tradersB.hardlypurchaseB.well-traveledD.world-famousC.definitelyC.donationC,gotthroughC.cautiouslyC.budgetC.shockedC.considerateC.inviteC.SatisfiedC,intentionC.invitationsC,painterssimplyC,presentD.consequentlyD.saleD.tookoffD.instantlyD.scheduleD,worriedD.sensitiveD.requestD.AttractedD.determinationD.deliveriesD.driversD.completelyafford31.A.askingB.planningC.imagingD.arguing32.A.evaluateB.compareC.acceptD.ignore33.A.remindingB.helpingC.forcingD.convincing34.A.partiesB.relativesC,affairsD.memories35.A.promiseB.excuseC,explanationD.decision四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Possessing36 historyofover2200years,Chinesepainting,originallywaspursuedbyrichpeople.Then,itbecamepopulararound581A.D.withanincreasingnumberofpeople37(show)theappreciationofitsbeauty.Writingbrushes,inkandpaperarebasictoolsandmaterialsforChinesepainting.Thebrushismostlymadeofgoat,wolf38foxhair,whichissoftandstringyforproducingbrushes.Theinkstickisproducedwithamixtureofpinesoot(松煙)andanimalglue.Ifsusedin(combine)withaninkstone.Thepainterwetstheinkstoneandthengrinds(研磨)theinkstickonthestone,makingtheinkrunsothatitcanbeusedforpainting.ManyChineseancientartworkswerecreatedonsilk.However,silkwasexpensivethatonlyveryimportantpaintingswoulduseit.Bythefirstcentury,whentheearlyformofpaperwasinvented,it 41 (become)alotcheapertopaint.Chinesepaintingsenjoyworldwidefame 42 itsoriginalstyle,distinctivefeaturesandspecialtechniques.Itconcentratesonharmonybetweenmanandnature.WhenlookingataChinesepainting,youmaynot43(initial)realizeitscomplexconcept.Infact,muchremains44(acquire)abouttraditionalChinesepaintinganditselements.ThroughappreciatingChinesepainting,youwillhavea45(good)understandingoftraditionalChinesecultureanddeepenyourinsightintoChinesepeople.五、邀請信46.假定你是李華，你的藝術(shù)老師Mr.Wang將舉辦在線講座，介紹剪紙的歷史和剪紙的創(chuàng)作技巧。請給你的新西蘭朋友Peter寫一封郵件，邀請他觀看。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座內(nèi)容；2.邀請理由；3.時間和觀看方式。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。六、讀后續(xù)寫47.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Itwasabreaktimeatthevillageschool.Thebellhadrung,andthechildrenhadrunoutintothebrightsunshine,wildwithlaughterandfun.Theychasedaftereachotherandplayedheartily,withgiggleslingeringintherelaxingatmosphere.AllbutpoorDavy.Hecameoutlastandveryslowly,buthedidnotlaugh.Hewasintrouble,andthebright,goldensunlightdidnotmakehimglad.Hewalkedacrosstheyard,andsatdownonastonebehin