高中英語語法之三大從句

高中(gāozhōng)英語語法之三大從句By陳玲玲(línɡlínɡ)第一頁，共41頁。1英語語法，指的是英語中語言的結(jié)構(gòu)和規(guī)律，主要包括詞法和句法。高考中占較大(jiàodà)比重的是句法，而句法中較為重要的是句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。〔一〕詞法：英語的詞類以及構(gòu)詞法。1、詞類：主要有十種，分別是名詞、代詞(dàicí)、動詞、形容詞、副詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞、數(shù)詞和感慨詞。2、構(gòu)詞法：主要有合成法、派生法和轉(zhuǎn)化法。合成法：如spaceshipplaygroundbasketball派生法：inventorlearnerswimmingcongratulationkindnessdangerous轉(zhuǎn)化法：形容詞→動詞，如dry(枯燥的)→dry(弄干)clean(干凈的)→clean(清掃干凈)動詞→名詞，如look，walk，rest，work，study，swim，talk等名詞→動詞，如hand(手)→(傳遞)，face(臉)→(面對)等第二頁，共41頁。2〔二〕句法：英語的句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)1、句子成分：英語中主要有七種，即主語〔subject〕、謂語〔predicate〕、賓語〔object〕、定語〔attribute〕、狀語〔adverbial〕、補語(bǔyǔ)〔complement〕、表語〔predicative〕。注意(zhùyì)句子成分和詞類之間的對應關(guān)系2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：簡單句：有五種根本結(jié)構(gòu)：〔1〕主+謂〔2〕主+謂+賓〔3〕主+謂+間賓+直賓〔4〕主+謂+賓+賓補〔5〕主+系+表并列(bìngliè)復合句：兩個或兩個以上的簡單句用并列(bìngliè)連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子。其根本結(jié)構(gòu)是“簡單句+并列(bìngliè)連詞+簡單句〞。并列(bìngliè)連詞有：and，but，or，so等。如：Youlovemusicandyouaregoodatmusic.主從復合句：即各種從句，包括名詞性從句〔主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句〕、定語從句、狀語從句。高考中占分比最大的是賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句和定語從句。如何區(qū)分是簡單句還是復合句呢？第三頁，共41頁。3定語從句：AttributiveClause從句在整個句子中作定語，來修飾某個名詞或代詞，并附屬(fùshǔ)于主句。狀語從句：AdverbialClause從句在整個句子中作狀語，起副詞的作用。根據(jù)其作用可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的(mùdì)、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。一般由連詞來引導。名詞性從句：NounClause從句在整個句子中起名詞的作用，相當于名詞詞組。它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。因此根據(jù)(gēnjù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。英語中從句的類型第四頁，共41頁。4①找謂語動詞(dòngcí)〔是否為復合句〕→②如無并列連詞，分別找出主句和從句→③判斷從句在整個句子中擔任何種成分？〔即為何種從句〕Hesaidhisfatherisanengineer.Thelittlegirlinredcoatismysister.★Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.★Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.★Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,whereitwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.第五頁，共41頁。5一、定語(dìngyǔ)從句AttributiveClause〔一〕定語從句根本概念1、定語：修飾或限定(xiàndìng)名詞和代詞的形容詞2、定語從句：顧名思義就是一個句子作定語，并附屬于主句。3、先行詞：定語從句中所被修飾的名詞或代詞?！部梢允侨嘶蛭铩?、關(guān)系詞：引導定語從句的詞，代替前面的先行詞，并在定語從句中充當句子成分。有關(guān)系代詞〔whichwho/whomthatwhose〕和關(guān)系副詞〔whenwherewhy〕兩種。結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系(guānxì)詞+定語從句第六頁，共41頁。6〔1〕StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.【2010福建】〔2〕I‘vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwhomImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.【2010湖南】〔3〕Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersisterwhereshewouldstayforanhour.【2010江西(jiānɡxī)】〔4〕That’sthenewmachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.【2010山東】第七頁，共41頁。7〔二〕定語(dìngyǔ)從句的分類限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明，缺少它那么句義顯得(xiǎnde)不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。非限定性定語從句(cónɡjù)：從句(cónɡjù)對先行詞或主句進行補充說明或解釋，它與先行詞或主句間有逗號隔開。〔不能用that引導，一般由whichwhowhoseas等引導〕DoyourememberthegirlwhotaughtusEnglish?Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,

which

greatly

upsets

me.二者之間有什么區(qū)別？如何判定屬于哪種？定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。Hewastheonlypersoninthiscountrywhowasinvited.第八頁，共41頁。81、在句中作用不同：限定性定語從句對先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞含義更具體，更明確。限定性定語從句不能被省略，否那么句意不完整。非限定性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對其作一些附加說明(shuōmíng)，不起限定制約作用。如果將非限定性定語從句省去，主句的意義仍然完整。2、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同：限定性定語從句因與先行詞關(guān)系密切，所以不可用逗號將其與主句隔開；而非限定性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分(shífēn)密切，所以可用逗號將其與主句隔開。3、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同：大多數(shù)限定性和非限定性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個詞或短語，而特殊情況下，非限定性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個(zhěnggè)主句，此時非限定性定語從句常由which引導。4、關(guān)系詞的使用情況不同：①that不可用于引導非限定性定語從句②關(guān)系代詞替代情況不同：who替代whom、that替代who/whom③關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同：關(guān)系代詞在限定性定語從句中作賓語時可省去，非限定性定語從句所有關(guān)系詞均不可省。限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句的區(qū)別翻譯不同：一般把限定性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾先行詞之前，而把非限定性定語從句與主句分開。第九頁，共41頁。9請看下面的句子(jùzi)，你會判斷嗎？1、Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.進行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。(假設把從句去掉，句子就失去(shīqù)意義)2、Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscomingbackhomenextweek.他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。(假設把從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整)3、Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個人。4、I’veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。5、Ihaveboughtthesamedresswhichsheiswearing.我買了和她身上穿的一樣的衣服。(which指thesamedress)6、Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.彼得開車很快，這是很危險的。(which指drivetoofast)7、Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。(which指整個主句)8、LiMing,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.9、LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencewastobeheld.注意：并非只有(zhǐyǒu)which才能引導非限定性定語從句。非限定性定語從句中，如果先行詞指人那么用who，which或whose引導；先行詞指物可用which引導；先行詞表時間或地點且在從句中作時間狀語或地點狀語時，可用when，where引導。第十頁，共41頁。10〔三〕關(guān)系代詞(dàicí)引導的定語從句1、常見的關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞有：whowhomthatwhichwhose關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞。如果先行詞指人，關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞可用whowhomthatwhose；如果先行詞指物，關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞可用which或that?！?〕ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.〔2〕Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudentswhichallowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.【2011福建】〔3〕Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.〔4〕ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.關(guān)系代詞在定語(dìngyǔ)從句中充當主語、賓語、定語(dìngyǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(dìngyǔ)從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。第十一頁，共41頁。112、關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞who，whom和whose的用法〔1〕who代替(dàitì)人，是主格，在定語從句中作主語?！灿袝r可用that代替(dàitì)who〕An

architect

is

a

person

who

designs

buildings.Anyone

who

wants

to

apply

for

this

job

must

send

us

the

resume

by

email

first.〔2〕whom代替(dàitì)人，是賓格，在定語從句中作賓語。在非正式英語中?？墒÷?。Do

you

know

the

gentleman

(whom)

we

met

in

the

school

library

yesterday?This

is

the

student

(whom)

my

father

taught

ten

years

ago.The

girl

(who/that)

I

saw

is

called

Mary.〔3〕whose一般代替(dàitì)人，有時亦可代替(dàitì)物，是所有格，在定語從句作定語。The

girl

student

whose

father

is

a

senior

engineer

used

to

study

abroad.

Do

you

know

the

name

of

the

hotel

whose

window

we

can

see

here?

〔正式用法中：whose

window=the

window

of

which〕第十二頁，共41頁。123、關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞which和that的用法〔1〕關(guān)系代詞which代替物，在定語從句作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。I

do

not

like

stories

which

have

unhappy

endings.

〔which可換成that〕

Tom

works

for

a

factory

which

makes

watches.

〔which可以換成that〕

〔2〕關(guān)系代詞that既可指人又可指物，在當代(dāngdài)英語中大多指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。Is

she

the

girl

that

sells

newspapers?

〔that可以換成who〕

Where

is

the

ice-cream

that

was

in

the

fridge?

〔that可以換成which〕

Is

this

the

book

that

you

want

to

buy?

〔that可以換成which，在定語從句中作賓語，可以省略〕

第十三頁，共41頁。134、關(guān)系代詞(dàicí)who(m),which和that的區(qū)別

A.關(guān)系代詞who、whom與that的區(qū)別：

〔1〕當關(guān)系代詞用作主語時，多用主格who。如He

who

loses

hope

loses

all.

失去希望的人就失去一切?！蚕刃性~為代詞he,

they,

any,

all,

one等，多用who〕

I

met

Alice,

who

told

me

that

she

was

learning

Chinese.

我遇見艾麗斯，她告訴我她在學漢語?！苍诜窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句中，用who〕

〔2〕當關(guān)系代詞用作介詞后的賓語時，用賓格whom，不用that。例如：

The

man

to

whom

our

headmaster

talked

just

now

is

our

English

teacher我們校長剛剛與他談話的那個人是我們的英語老師?！步樵~與關(guān)系代詞緊密相連時，只能用賓格whom，不可用主格who〕

注意：介詞與關(guān)系代詞不是緊密相連時，或者說介詞放在句子后面時，這時可以用主格who，也可用that，還可省略關(guān)系代詞?！?〕當關(guān)系代詞泛指人時，多用that。

He

is

a

man

that

is

never

afraid

of

failure.

他是個從不怕失敗的人。〔that用來泛指人〕

〔4〕當關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)(chūxiàn)在who開頭的疑問句時，應用that。例如：

Who

is

the

girl

that

is

talking

to

Tom

in

English?

〔防止重復使用who，以免造成誤解或語義含混不清〕

第十四頁，共41頁。14★只能用who，不能用that引導定語從句(cónɡjù)的情況all作先行詞且指人時先行詞是those且指人時在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中且指人時先行詞是指人的不定(bùdìng)代詞時，如one,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等1.All___havestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.2.Those___wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.3.Thereisayounglady__asksforyou.4.Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheone__workshardandstudieswell.第十五頁，共41頁。15

B.關(guān)系代詞which與that的區(qū)別：(1)

領(lǐng)先行詞為all,

much,

little以及不定代詞anything,

something,

everything等時，關(guān)系代詞多用that。例如：

All

that

glitters

is

not

gold.

閃閃發(fā)光物，未必盡黃金。

She

told

me

everything

that

she

knew.

她把她所知道的一切都告訴了我。

(2)領(lǐng)先行詞前面(qiánmian)有形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞或限定詞the

only,

the

very,

all,

every,

any,

no等時，關(guān)系代詞一般都用that。例如：

This

is

the

best

novel

that

I

have

ever

read.

這是我讀過的最好的一部小說。

He

is

the

only

person

that

has

been

invited

to

the

ball.

(3)當關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在which開頭的疑問句時，應用that。例如：

Which

was

the

hotel

that

was

recommended

to

the

foreign

guest?

哪一個是推薦給外賓的賓館？〔這里使用that很明顯是為了防止重復which〕

(4)在非限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞一般只用which。例如：

Beijing,

which

is

the

capital

of

the

People’s

Republic

of

China,

will

host

the

2019

Olympic

Games.

北京是中華人民共和國的首都，將主辦2019年奧運會。

(5)介詞后的關(guān)系代詞用which，而不用that。例如：

She

has

collected

600

stamps,

60%

of

which

are

German

stamps.

她收集了600張郵票，其中60％是德國郵票。

第十六頁，共41頁。16★只能(zhīnénɡ)用which不能用that引導定語從句的情況：①引導非限定性定語從句時②當關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時③領(lǐng)先行詞本身就是that時Football,___isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Thisisthehousein___heoncelived.That——youtoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.★只能(zhīnénɡ)用that不能用which引導引導定語從句的情況①先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時②先行詞是不定代詞all、little、much、everything等時③先行詞被all、every、no、theonly、theevery等修飾時④先行詞既指人又指物時⑤主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時Thisisthebestfilm___hasbeenshowninthecity.All___isworthdoingshouldbedonewell.Theytalkedabouttheschoolsandteachers___theyhadvisited.Whoistheman___isreadingthenewspaperoverthere?第十七頁，共41頁。175、小結(jié)(xiǎojié)：關(guān)系代詞用法本卷須知〔1〕如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如：Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.〔2〕如果先等詞被形容詞最高級以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which,who，或whom。例如：ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhaveeverseen.〔3〕非限制性定語從句中，不能用關(guān)系代詞that，作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如：Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofwhomarewelleducated.〔4〕which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念(gàiniàn)或局部概念(gàiniàn)。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與andthis相似，并可以指人。例如：Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.第十八頁，共41頁。18〔5〕that可指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語，〔指人作主語時多用who〕僅用于限制性定語從句中?！?〕which可作主語，既可指人，以可指物。指人時，一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征、品性(pǐnxìng)或才能的人。which引導的定語從句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,whichshewantedtobe.〔7〕當主句中有who,which時，而定語從句中也要用到who或which，為防止重疊，定語從句用that引導。Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?〔8〕先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關(guān)系代詞應該用that。例如：Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.〔9〕如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關(guān)系代詞應該用who或whom，不用which。例如：Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?whom、which和that在從句中作賓語時，?？梢允÷?，但介詞提前(tíqián)時，后面的關(guān)系代詞不可以省略，且也不能用that。第十九頁，共41頁。19〔四〕關(guān)系副詞引導的定語(dìngyǔ)從句1、常見(chánɡjiàn)的關(guān)系副詞有：whenwherewhy關(guān)系副詞代替前面表示時間、地點和原因的先行詞，在定語從句中分別表示時間、地點或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語，where充當?shù)攸c狀語，why充當原因狀語。它們的用法大家不妨記住一個口訣：

the

time

when

the

place

where

the

reason

why與關(guān)系代詞有什么(shénme)不同？二者的選擇依據(jù)？第二十頁，共41頁。202、關(guān)系代詞(dàicí)where的用法where表示……的地方，修飾(xiūshì)場所、方位名詞Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.先行詞關(guān)系副詞=ThisisthehousewhichIwasbornin.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.注：關(guān)系副詞(fùcí)相當于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞〞，即：where=inwhich第二十一頁，共41頁。21用關(guān)系副詞where連接(liánjiē)下面的句子：Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Wevisitedthehouse.Luxunoncelivedinthehouse.Thisisthefactory

where

Iworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.Wevisitedthehouse

where

Luxunoncelived.第二十二頁，共41頁。22when引導的定語(dìngyǔ)從句修飾表示時間的名詞，并在定語(dìngyǔ)從句中作時間狀語，相當于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)〞。3、關(guān)系(guānxì)副詞when的用法I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.

when=onwhich(=ontheday)Westillrememberedthedayswhenwetravelledtogether.when=inwhich(=inthedays)第二十三頁，共41頁。23用關(guān)系(guānxì)副詞when連接下面的句子：They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.Thedaysaregoneforever.Weusedforeignoilduringthosedays.Therewasatime.Thebusinessmanlostheartatthattime.They’llneverforgetJuly1

whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedayswhenweusedforeignoilaregoneforever.Therewasatimewhenthebusinessmanlostheart.介詞+關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞which?第二十四頁，共41頁。244、關(guān)系副詞(fùcí)why的用法why表示(biǎoshì)……的原因，……的理由Doyouknowthereason

?Shegotsoangryforthereasonyesterday.Doyouknowthereason

whyshegotsoangryyesterday?

=Doyouknowthereason

whichshegotsoangryforyesterday?=Doyouknowthereason

forwhichshegotsoangryyesterday？why=forwhich第二十五頁，共41頁。255、關(guān)系副詞引導(yǐndǎo)的定語從句小結(jié)：(1)引導定語從句(2)代替先行詞(3)在其所定語從句中擔當(dāndāng)一個成分。關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句時，在從句中充當主語、賓語或定語；關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句時，關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當狀語。關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞〔不包括that〕why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)牢記(láojì)定語從句關(guān)系詞的三個作用：第二十六頁，共41頁。26“關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞〞在定語從句(cónɡjù)中,這個結(jié)構(gòu)是不是任何時候都成立？1.I’llneverforgetthedayswhen/inwhichweworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedayswhichwespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplacewhere/inwhichIworkedtenyearsago.4.IwenttotheplacewhichI

visitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate.6.Thisisthereasonthat/which

hegave.第二十七頁，共41頁。27〔五〕“介詞(jiècí)+關(guān)系代詞〞引導定語從句

□介詞(jiècí)+which的定語從句，修飾事或物□介詞(jiècí)+whom的定語從句，修飾人第二十八頁，共41頁。281.Hepaid$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofwhichhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.2.Heexplainedthereason

forwhich

hewaslate.3.TheguitarwithwhichGeorgegavemanyperformanceswaslost.4.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithoutwhich

wewouldhavelostourway.5.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.6.Ihavehiredtwotypists,neitherofwhomtypesbetterthanyou.第二十九頁，共41頁。29〔六〕特殊引導詞as引導的定語從句：〔引導限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句〕as最根本的用法是做連詞“與……一樣〞，表示同級的比較，介詞“作為〞。下面是它特殊的用法，例句：1.Hedoesnotpossesssuchqualificationsasarenecessarytobeanactor.他并不具備一名演員應有的資格。2.SheboughtthesameskirtasIhadboughtlastweek,soIneedtotalktoheraboutitsowedon‘twearthematthesametime.她買的那條裙子和我上周買的一模一樣，我要和她商量一下，免得“撞衫〞。3.Themurdererwhohadkilledseveralpeopleonthecampuswasfinallyarrestedbythepolice,aswasexpected.如我們所愿，那個在校園殺害數(shù)人的殺人犯終于被警方逮捕(dàibǔ)?！苍摼渲胁⑽闯霈F(xiàn)與as搭配的短語，此處的用法是as做關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個句子，在定語從句中做主語?！?.Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.5.Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.定語從句與賓語從句、同位語從句、強調(diào)句型(jùxínɡ)等的區(qū)別？第三十頁，共41頁。30學習定語從句(cónɡjù)需要注意的幾個問題：1、定語從句(cónɡjù)中關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致性Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowasherejustnow.Heisoneofthestudentswhowereherejustnow.2、定語從句(cónɡjù)與強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)Itistheplacewheretheylivedbefore.Itisintheplacethattheylivedbefore3、定語從句(cónɡjù)與并列結(jié)構(gòu)Hehastwosons,neitherofwhomlookslikehim.Hehastwosons,andneitherofthemlookslikehim.4、定語從句(cónɡjù)與狀語從句(cónɡjù)Hefoundthebookswherehehadput.Hefoundthebooksintheplacewherehehadput.5、定語從句(cónɡjù)與同位語從句(cónɡjù)Thenewsthatweheardisnottrue.Thenewsthathewontheprizeisnottrue.第三十一頁，共41頁。31定語從句(cónɡjù)練習11.Isthisthefactory____heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2.Isthisfactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.ThatB.whereC.whichD.theone3.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears__Iliveinthefarm__youvisitedlastweek.A.when;whereB.which;whichC.when;whichD.which;where4.Doyouknowthereason___hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.that5.Maythefourthistheday____weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich6.Isthatthereason___youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat7.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch____washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./第三十二頁，共41頁。328.Iwillneverforgettheday____westudiedtogether.A.atwhichB.onthatC.atthatD.onwhich9.TheSecondWorldWar___millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhich B.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich10.Whocanthinkofasituation_____thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat11.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_____wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that12.Ihavemanybooks,someof___areonchemistry.A.ThemB.thatC.whichD.those13.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich14.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory___youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.whereC./D.when15.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room___mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where16.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,____forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when第三十三頁，共41頁。33定語從句(cónɡjù)練習21.Thisistheman___wantstoseeyou.2.Aclockisamachine__________tellspeoplethetime.3.Idon’tknowthereason____hewaslatefortheclass.4.Helostmybike,_____mademeunhappy.Abirthdayisthedate____onewasborn.5.Isthereanyone_____familyisinBeijing?6.Heisdoingsuchwork

asIam.7.Doyouknowthereason_______noonequestionedAristotle’stheoryforabout2,000years?第三十四頁，共41頁。34定語從句(cónɡjù)練習3以下(yǐxià)各句均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。1.Istillrememberthedaythatwefirstmetinourschool.2.IneverforgetthedayswhenIspentwithyourfamilylastsummer.3.Thevillagewhichhewasbornhastakenonanewlook.4.Thisisthetownwherewepaidavisittolastyear.5.Canyoutellmethereasonwhichyoumissedtheclassthismorning.6.DoyoubelievethereasonwhyTomgaveforhisbeinglateforwork?7.Thegirlgotherselfintoasituationthatshewaslikelytolosecontrolofhercar.8.Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplacewherewasawastelandtwoyearsago.第三十五頁，共41頁。351.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?–Yes,he‘sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom4.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was5.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic___actorsareveryfamous?A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.whom6.Annaskedthepoliceman___heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhimB.withwhomC.whoD.whom7.Achild____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.with8.Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose9.Thisisthedictionary_______Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom10.ShaolinTemple____liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what第三十六頁，共41頁。3611.Beijingisthe29thcity_______holdstheOlympicGames.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what12.Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?A.thatB.whenC.where13.Theman_______cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.A.whenB.whichC.who14.Ilikewriters_______writeshortstories.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who15.Thisisthequestion_______wearetalkingaboutnow.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when16.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—Iamlookingforthebook_______Iboughtyesterday.A.whoB.whichC.whose17.Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice_______wouldliketospeakwithyou.A.whoB.whichC.whom18.Ifabagisfilledwithbooksandpens,itmustbelongtosomeone______workshard.A.whichB./C.whomD.who19.Ilikethose______bookstopicsareabouthistory.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose20.Theboy______fatherworksab