高二英語譯林版選修6教學(xué)案：Unit4Section2

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Anambassadorisanimportantofficialwholivesinaforeigncountryandrepresentshisorherowncountry'sintereststhere.2．Thehotelwantstoexpanditsbusinessbyaddingaswimmingpool.3．Tokeephealthy,wearesupposedtoboilthewaterbeforedrinkingit.4．Acarpetisathickcoveringofsoftmaterialwhichislaidoverafloororastaircase.5．Hewhodoeshisdutyisworthyofbeingpraised.6．—ShouldIfetch(去拿來)yourcoatforyoufromthenextroom,dear?—Youaresokind.7．Allthevictims(遇難者)ofthestormwerefromAmerica.8．Mysistercouldn'ttakeherdeskwithhertothenewhouse：that'showIcametoacquire(得到)it.9．Iwanttoknowwhetherthetwopiecesofwoodareofequal(相等的)length.10．Itisworthwhile(值得的)topayavisittothecountry.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯11．descriptionn．描寫12．contributev．捐獻，捐贈(尤指款或物)，捐助→contributionn．貢獻；捐贈13．urgentadj.緊急的，緊迫的→urgencyn．緊急；迫切(文字)，形容，說明→describevt.描述14．starvationn．饑餓；挨餓；餓死→starvev．(使)挨餓15．exportn．&v.出口產(chǎn)品；出口→importv．(反義詞)進口16．lackn．&vt.缺乏→lackingadj.缺乏的17．voluntaryadj.志愿的；自愿的，主動的→volunteern．志愿者，義務(wù)工作者v.自愿做，義務(wù)做[巧記單詞]派生詞contribution→contribute＋去e＋ione＋ation→lack＋ingstarvation→starve＋去lackingⅢ.補全短語1．takeon擔(dān)當(dāng)(某一角色)2．undertheumbrellaof...在……保護下3．referto談到，提到；與……相關(guān)，涉及；查閱，參考4．feelhonoured感到榮幸5．inaddition除……以外(還)，此外6．a(chǎn)dd...to...把……加到……7．lookup查閱；抬頭看8．drawone'sattentionto引起某人的注意；使某人覺察到9．beavailableto可被……利用或得到的10．setup建立；成立1．[教材原句]Thislandwasdifficulttofarmbutnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.這塊地難以耕種，但現(xiàn)在水已經(jīng)被抽進了地里。[句型點撥]句中thislandwasdifficulttofarm是一個特殊句式，即“sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo”句式。[佳句賞析]Theboxfullofbooksistooheavyformetocarry.放滿書籍的箱子對我來說攜帶太沉。2．[教材原句]I'mveryhappytohavebeenchosentobeaGoodwillAmbassadorforthem.我很高興被選為聯(lián)合國的一名親善大使。[句型點撥]句中tohavebeenchosen是不定式短語作原因狀語。[佳句賞析]Ifeelluckytohavewonaplaceonthistrip.機會我感到幸運。獲得這次旅行的1．(教材P49)Whenthereisalackoffood,thereishunger.食物短缺時，就會有饑餓?！飈ackn．&vt.缺乏(1)alackof...缺乏……for/throughlackof...因缺乏……(2)lackingadj.缺乏的belackingin缺乏(3)lackfornothing什么也不缺①Hecannotbuyahousebecauseofhislackofmoney.他因缺錢買不起房子。②Herrealproblemisthatshelackscourage.真正問題是缺乏勇氣。③Thetripwascancelledforlackofinterest.她的因缺乏興趣，這次旅行被取消了。④Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstobelacking_inconfidence.他擅長工作，但似乎缺乏信心。⑤Theyaresorichthattheylack_for_nothing.他們非常富有，什么東西都不缺。2．(教材P50)IampleasedtohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheUnitedNationsortheUN,asitismoreoftenreferredto.我很高興今天有機會跟大家談?wù)劼?lián)合國，也叫UN——這個名稱在英語里更為常用?！飏eferto談及，提到；與……相關(guān)，查閱，參考把……提交給……涉及；refer...to...referto...as...稱……為……①Don'trefertothismatteragain,please.請不要再提這件事了。②Hewaspunishedforreferring_tothedictionaryduringtheexam.他因在考試中查閱詞典而被處罰了。③Thescientistsreferthisflowertotherosefamily.科學(xué)家將這種花歸入薔薇科。④Thepeoplewerefer_to_asNetWormsareaddictedtotheInternet.所謂網(wǎng)蟲，就是上網(wǎng)有癮的人。[名師點津]referto和lookup都可以作“查閱、查尋、參考”講，但referto的賓語為abook,dictionary...，而lookup的用法為：lookupsth.inabook,dictionary...。3．(教材P50)Withthehelpofthesearmiesandotherworthyorganizations,theUNassiststhevictimsofwarsanddisasters.在這些軍隊和其他可敬的組織的協(xié)助下，聯(lián)合國為戰(zhàn)爭及災(zāi)難的受害者提供援助?！飛orthyadj.令人敬重的；值得的，相稱的；有價值的beworthyof＋n．值得……beworthyofbeingdone……值得做beworthytobedone……值得做①Theschoolhasgraduatedmanyworthyyoungpeople.這所學(xué)校培養(yǎng)出了許多有為的年輕人。②Themoneyweraisewillbegoingtoaveryworthycause.我們籌集的錢將用于非常崇高的事業(yè)。③Someofthereport'sfindingsareworthyofnote.這份報告里有些調(diào)查結(jié)果值得注意。④Heisaboywhoisworthyof_being_praised/to_be_praised.他是一個值得夸獎的男孩兒。[辨析比較]在句中可作表語和定語。常用句式：worthyworth·beworthyof＋n./beingdone·beworthy＋tobedone在句中只作表語。常用句式：·beworth＋錢數(shù)/名詞·be(well)worth＋doing在句中可作表語、定語和賓語補足語。常用句式：worthwhile·Itisworthwhile＋doing/todosth.·主語＋動詞＋it＋worthwhile＋doing/todosth.選擇上述單詞填空①Whateverisworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.②Hangzhouisabeautifulplaceanditisworthwhiletogothere.③Ithinkherproposalisworthyofbeingconsidered.4．(教材P50)Inaddition,theUNhelpsprotecthumanrightsandworkstoimproveinternationallaws,forexample,thoseonchildlabourandonequalrightsforminoritiesandwomen.此外，聯(lián)合國還協(xié)助保護人權(quán)，致力改進各種國際法律，如有關(guān)童工和保護少數(shù)民族和婦女享有平等權(quán)利的法律。★inaddition除……以外(還)，此外①Inaddition,weoftenhavetostandinlineforalongtimebeforewecangetthemeal.而且，我們經(jīng)常不得不排很長時間的隊才能買到飯。②Idon'tlikeitsstyle.In_addition,_Idon'thaveenoughmoneywithme.我不喜歡它的款式，而且，我?guī)У腻X也不夠。③Theout-of-classactivitieshelpbuildupchildren'scharacterinaddition.而且，這些課外的活動有助于培養(yǎng)孩子們的性格。[名師點津]inaddition具有副詞性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于aswell，而inadditionto具有介詞性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于aswellas或besides，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。④In_addition_tomystudies,Igotinvolvedinlotsofextracurricularactivities.除了學(xué)習(xí)以外，我還參加許多課外活動。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“除了，此外”的單詞、短語還有哪些？試寫出下列單詞和短語的意思。①besides除了……之外②except除了……之外(別無)③apartfrom除了……之外(還有★equaladj.平等的；同等的n.[C]同等的人；相等物vt.與……相同或相等；比得上與……相等；等于；勝任；經(jīng)得起(還有))；除了……之外(別無)beequalto...equalsb.in在……方面比得上某人⑤Thelawcannotmakeallmenequal,buttheyareallequalbeforethelaw.(FrederickPollock,Britishjurist)法律不能使人人平等，但是在法律面前人人是平等的。(英國法學(xué)家克F．)⑥Theblacksshouldbeequaltothewhites.黑人應(yīng)該與白⑦Thoughheistheyoungestofusall,heis_equal_to_(doing)_this_task.中年齡是最小的，但他能勝任這項任務(wù)。⑧Shetreatsthepeoplewhoworkforherasherequals.她以平等的身份對待為她工作的人。⑨Noneofuscanequal_her_inintelligence.中沒人能在智力方面比得上她。人平等。盡管他在我們我們[Wordfamily]equaladj.平等的，相等的→equallyadv.相等地，平等地→equalityn.平等，相等[語境串記]Myunclebelievesthatallmenarebornequal.Buttravelingaroundtheworld,hefindsthatinsomecountries,whatiscalledequalitydoesn'treallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.我叔叔認(rèn)為所有人生來都是平等的。但環(huán)游世界之后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一些國家，所謂的平等并不是真的意味著所有人都擁有平等的權(quán)利。5．(教材P51)Theycollectapproximately1.35yuanperdayfromeachmemberandaddittosomemoneycontributedbythegovernment.她們每天從每個小組成員那里收取大約1.35元，將這些錢和政府資助的一部分錢加在一起?！颿ontributevt.捐款，捐助；投稿vi.有助于(1)contribute...to...把……貢獻給contributeto貢獻；有助于，促成(2)contributionn.貢獻；捐助makeacontribution/contributionsto對……作出貢獻；為……捐款①Don'ttrytowinafriendbypresentinggifts.Youshouldinsteadcontributeyoursincereloveandlearnhowtowinothers'heartthroughappropriateways.(Socrates,AncientGreekphilosopher)不要靠饋贈去獲得朋友，你必須奉獻你誠摯的愛，學(xué)會怎樣用正當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▉碲A得別人的心。(古希臘哲學(xué)家蘇格拉底)②HecontributedalotofmoneytotheHopeProject.他為希望工程捐了很多錢。③Hisresearchescontributedgreatlytotheprogressofscience.他的研究對科學(xué)的進有步很大的貢獻。④Aproperamountofexercisecontributes_togoodhealth.適度的運動有益健康。⑤Idohopeeveryonecanbecomethebackboneofournationandmakegreatcontributionstothesociety.確希望大家成為民族的脊梁并且為社會做出巨大的[語境串記]我的貢獻。Kind-heartedpeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorkids,whichcontributedtotheirreturningtoschool.Awriterwrotethisstoryandcontributedittoamagazine.好心人為貧窮的孩子捐錢，這使他們能夠重返校園。一位作家寫了這個故事，并給一家雜志投了稿。6．(教材P51)Withthis,thewomenhaveenoughmoneytoacquirematerialstomakebaskets.這樣，婦女們就有了足夠的錢去購買做籃子的編織材料?！颽cquirevt.購得；獲得；得到①ShehasmasteredEnglishgrammarandacquiredalargevocabularywithoutthehelpofateacher.她在沒有老師指導(dǎo)的情況下掌握了英語語法，學(xué)到了大量詞匯。②Wemustworkhardto_acquire_a_good_knowledge_of_English.我們必須用功學(xué)習(xí)才能精通英語。③Thecollectorhasacquiredafinecollectionofimpressionistpaintings.這位收藏家收集到大量印象派繪畫。7．(教材P51)Withlucktheirgroupwillbeabletoexpandandmaybesetupashop.運氣好的話，她們的小組還能夠進一步擴大，或許還能開一個店鋪?！飁xpandvi.&vt.擴展，發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))；擴大，增強expandinto/to使擴大，變大將……擴展expandon/upon詳述；詳細闡明①Achild'svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.(充)成……孩子的詞匯量通過閱讀得到擴大。②Thevillageexpanded_into/toatowntenyearslater.十年后，這個村子發(fā)展成了一個鎮(zhèn)。③Themanageraskedyoutoexpandonyouropinion.經(jīng)理讓你詳你述的看法。[辨析比較]expandstretchextend指向四面八方的擴大、擴張指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、頸的伸展或伸出，多與out連用某一方向的延長強調(diào)向形象記憶選擇上述單詞填空①Ourlandextendsasfarastheriver.②I'mthinkingaboutexpandingmybusiness.③Theexercisesaredesignedtostretchyourlegmuscles.8．Thislandwasdifficulttofarmbutnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.這塊地難以耕種，但現(xiàn)在水已經(jīng)被抽進了地里。[用法分析Thislandwasdifficulttofarm是一個特殊句式，即不定式在easy，difficult,nice,fit,hard,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting,light,heavy,good,safe,dangerous等形容詞子的主語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)]“sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo”句式。一般來說，之后作狀語，且不定式與句系時，不定式常用主動語態(tài)表被動含義。①ThebookMumboughtmeformybirthdayiseasytounderstand.我生日時媽媽為我買的那本書容易理解。②Theproblemyoureferredtoisdifficulttosettle.你提及的問題難以解決。③Theflat,whichisnearthesea,iscomfortabletolivein.這套靠近大海的公寓住起來很舒適。④DoyouthinkisMaryeasyto_get_on_with?你認(rèn)為瑪麗是一個容易相處的人嗎？[名師點津]不定式若為不及物動詞，后面要帶有相應(yīng)的介詞。9．I'mveryhappytohavebeenchosentobeaGoodwillAmbassadorforthem.我很高興被選為聯(lián)合國的一名親善大使。[用法分析句中的tohavebeenchosen是不定式它表示不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。]短語作原因狀語。tohavedone是不定式的完式成，①I'mpleasedtohavebeengiventhisopportunity.給了我這次機會我很高興。[語法拓展]不定式還有以下兩種形式：(1)一般式：不定式的一般式表示與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生或在謂語動詞的動作之后發(fā)生。②Heaskedtobesenttoworkinamiddleschool.他要求被派到中學(xué)工作。(2)進行式：不定式的進行時表示與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生且正在進行的動作。③Heseemsto_be_saying_something.他似乎在說些什么。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thoughlacking(lack)experience,hemanagedtodoawonderfuljobinteachinginthekeyuniversity.2．Ithinkyouneedsomeoutdoorexercise.Plentyoffreshairwillcontributetogoodhealth.3．OnAIDSDay,theministerofHealthDepartmentdemandedthattheproblemsreferred(refer)toinhisspeechjustnowbepaidspecialattentionto.4．Whattheleaderreferredtointhereportwasreallysomethingworthofbeing_considered(consider)．5．ItissaidthisworkisundertheumbrellaoftheNationalResearchCenter.6．Theteacheraskediftherewassomeonewhowasvoluntary(volunteer)tohelpthesewhowereinpoverty.7．Thehousewastooexpensiveandtoobig.Inaddition,I'dgrownfondofourlittlerentedhouse.8．Whentheteachercamein,hestoodupandgavea(n)description(describe)ofwhathehadseen.9．Ifeelhonouredtotakeonthehostofyourprogram.10．Thenewlibraryisavailabletostudents.11．Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwereclosetostarvation(starve)．12．Dietandexerciseareequally(equal)importanttohealth.13．IamnotworkinginanITfirmandIfeelluckytohave_been_chosen(choose)bythecompany.14．Thisbookisdifficultto_understand(understand)．15．Robertissaidto_have_studied(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Shelearnedthatalargenumberofpeoplelivedinpovertyandthatsomelandtherewas_difficult_to_farm(難以耕種)．2．Sheiscuriousaboutanythinghercolleaguesrefer_to(提起)aboutAfrica.3．In_addition(此外)theirownbusinesses.),theycouldn'tgetenoughfundstoset_up(創(chuàng)辦……的注意)some4．Shehopedthatthissituationcoulddraw_the_attention_of(引起organizationsandindividuals.5．She,under_the_umbrella_of(在……的保護下)herbrother,wenttoSouthAfrica.6．Shegotangry,as_most_of_us_could_see(我們大多數(shù)人都可以看出來)．Ⅲ.根據(jù)漢語提示，選用練習(xí)Ⅱ中的句子完成語段訓(xùn)練瑪麗是我們公司的銷售經(jīng)理。她對同事們提起有關(guān)非洲的任何事情都感到好奇。前幾天，她在哥哥的保護下去了南非。她了解到許多人生活在貧困中，那里的一些土地難以耕種。此外，他們得不到足夠的資金來創(chuàng)辦自己的企業(yè)。她向紅十字會捐了很多錢。她說她希望一些組織和個人注意到這一情況并幫助那些需要幫助的人。Maryisthesalesmanagerofourcompany.SheiscuriousaboutanythinghercolleaguesrefertoaboutAfrica.Theotherday,she,undertheumbrellaofherbrother,wenttoSouthAfrica.Shelearnedthatalargenumberofpeoplelivedinpovertyandthatsomelandtherewasdifficulttofarm.Inaddition,theycouldn'tgetenoughfundstosetuptheirownbusinesses.ShecontributedagreatdealofmoneytotheRedCross.Shesaidshehopedthatthissituationcoulddrawtheattentionofsomeorganizationsandindividualsandthattheycouldhelpthoseinneedofassistance.[對應(yīng)學(xué)生課下能力提升(十三)]Ⅰ.根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Honestyandhardworkcontribute(促成)tosuccessandhappiness.2．Beijingisrecognizedasthepolitical(政治的),educational,andculturalcenterofPeople'sRepublicofChina.3．Thefilmisworthy(值得的)ofbeingseen.4．Thefloodedareaislacking(缺乏)infoodandclothes.5．Isthisworkvoluntary(自愿的)ordowehavetodo?6．Inadditiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputers,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.7．ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.8．Achild'svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.9．Millionswillfacestarvationnextyearasaresultoftheflood.10．Thereisanequalnumberofboysandgirlsintheclass.Ⅱ.完成句子1．如果你不知道這個單詞是什么意思去就查字典。Ifyoudon'tknowwhatthiswordmeans,refer_to_the_dictionary.2．除此之外，這些課外活動有助于培養(yǎng)孩子們的性格。In_addition,_theoutofclassactivitieshelpbuildupchildren'scharacter.3．孩子們的權(quán)利受到法律保護。Therightsofthechildrenareunder_the_umbrella_ofthelaw.4．我們將擔(dān)當(dāng)維和士兵的角色。Wewilltake_ontheroleofpeacekeepingsoldiers.5．和你們在一起，我感到很榮幸。Ifeel_honoured_to_beherewithyou.Ⅲ.完形填空Ihadmyfirstchocolatebaratfive.I'llneverforgetthedelicious,comfortingtaste.ItwasWorldWarⅡ.IlivedinasmalltowninEuropewhentheRussianarmy__1__westtowardNaziGermany.Manypeopleinourvillagefledin__2__.Inthe__3__，Istoodwithmy12-year-oldsister,Elyte,neartherailroadstation，__4__atrainleavingforGermanywaited.Onlyfamilieswere__5__toboardthetrain.Justbeforedeparture,awoman__6__aloneapproachedus.“I'lltakecareofhim，”shetoldElyte,and__7__meontothetrainasitleftthestation.TheentiretripI__8__formymother.WearrivedinHamburg.Deadbodies__9__thebombed-outstreets.Nowthatthewomanhad__10__escapedthesmalltownshehadnomoreuseforme.Ilivedonthestreets，likethousandsof__11__childreninthatwar-torncity.I__12__bystealingfood.Still,therewasneverenough.Iwasskinandbone,closeto__13__.ThentheAmericantroopsarrived.Theylookedsobigand__14__.Stealingfoodfromthemwaseasy.I'd__15__intothehall,hideunderatableandmakeoffwithloavesoffreshbread.OneafternoonasIhidbehindatentinsearchoffood,ahugehandliftedmeupbythe__16__，anAmericansoldier.“Gotya！”heshouted.Iwasscared,andIcouldseeit__17__him.“It'sokay,kid，”hesaid.Hereachedintohisuniformandhandedmeachocolatebar.“Here,havesomeofthis.”Iunwrappeditandtookasmall__18__.Aswiththatfirsttasteofchocolate,IthoughtI'dgoneto__19__.Thesoldiertookmetoanorphanage(孤兒院)runbytheRedCross.Soonafter,afamilywholivedinPennsylvaniaadoptedmeandbroughtmeup.God,Iwanttopay__20__allthepeoplewhoweresogoodtome,Iprayed.1．A.sweptB．occupiedC．foughtD．defeated解析：選A這里用sweep表示“橫掃，掃過”：蘇聯(lián)軍隊一路往西，橫掃而過，直奔納粹德國。2．A.hurryB．dangerC．panicD．surprise解析：選C這里應(yīng)用inpanic表示人們聞風(fēng)而逃：蘇聯(lián)軍隊橫掃而來，村子里的許多人驚慌出逃。3．A.confusionB．settlementC．disorderD．mass解析：選A前面說村intheconfusion“在混亂中”。4．A.thatB．which莊里的人都倉皇出逃了，因此這里用confusion表示“混亂狀態(tài)”。C．whenD．where解析：選D“我”和姐姐一起站在火車站附近，這里where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是therailroadstation。5．A.preparedB．a(chǎn)llowed有一列到德國的火車即將發(fā)車。C．forbiddenD．organized解析：選B由下文一位獨自旅行的女子帶“我”上了火車，到站后不再需要“我”，拋棄了“我”可知，此處指只允許全家人一起搭乘該次列車。6．A.workingB．livingC．travelingD．walking解析：選C由下文可知，這位女士是獨自一人出行。7．A.pickedB．pulledC．a(chǎn)skedD．forced解析：選B于是，8．A.criedB．workedC．searchedD．started就在列車徐徐駛出車站時，這位女士將“我”拉上了列車。解析：選A由當(dāng)時“我”才五歲且是被一名陌生女子帶上車可知，在車上，“我”一直哭喊著要找媽媽。9．A.grewB．litteredC．spreadD．poured解析：選B動詞litter表示“亂丟(垃圾)”，符合語境：死尸橫七豎八地被遺棄在被轟炸過的街頭。10．A.actuallyB．certainlyC．eventuallyD．gradually解析：選C帶“我”逃出來的那位女士終于逃出了那個小鎮(zhèn)，她不再需要“我”了(便丟下“我”讓“我”在街頭流浪)。eventually“最終，最后”。11．A.anotherB．someC．theirD．other解析：選D這里用12．A.survivedB．beggedC．a(chǎn)ccompaniedD．prayed“other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示沒有具體范圍限定的“其他孩子”。解析：選A“我”靠偷竊別人的食物裹腹才得以存活。13．A.dyingB．lyingC．starvingD．escaping解析：選C即使這樣也沒有足夠的食物，“我”骨瘦如柴，幾乎要餓死了。starve表示“餓死”。14．A.wealthyB．healthyC．luckyD．crazy解析：選B這些美國大兵看上去高大健壯。15．A.rushB．stealC．walkD．step解析：選B這里用stealinto表示“偷偷地溜進去”。16．A.chestB．handC．neckD．collar解析：選D這里表示美國大兵拉著“我”的衣領(lǐng)，把“我”提了起來。不是拉著“我”的胸部、脖子或手。17．A.upsetB．a(chǎn)stonishedC．interestedD．frightened解析：選A“我”被他嚇壞了，而這個美國大兵看見“我”是個小孩時，覺得很沮喪，自己抓住的竟是一個手無縛雞之力的孩子。18．A.mouthB．pieceC．sheetD．bite解析：選D“我”打開包裝咬了一小口。19．A.earthB．worldC．heavenD．sky解析：選C這一小口巧克力讓“我”覺得愜意極了，簡直就像在天一堂樣。20．A.forB．offC．outD．back解析：選D“我”希望能給那些好心人以報答/回報。Ⅳ.閱讀理解Thenumberofaccidentsinvolvingpedestrians(行人)wearingheadphonesisontherise,areportsuggests,causingfreshwarningsfromroadsafetygroupsinBritain.AUS-basedstudyfoundatotalof116reportsofdeathorinjurytopedestrianswearingheadphonesbetween2004and2011,jumpingfrom16in2005to47in2011.Mostvictimsweremen(68%)andundertheageof30(67%),witharoundonein10ofallcases(9%)undertheageof18.Some89%ofthecasesoccurredinurbanareasandmorethanhalf(55%)ofthevictimswerestruckbytrains.Eighty-oneofthe116accidents(70%)resultedintheperson'sdeath—eventhoughawarningwassoundedinaroundathirdofthecases.Thestudyconcluded,“Theuseofheadphonesmaybeasafetyrisktopedestrians,especiallyinenvironmentswithmovingvehicles.Furtherresearchisneededtodetermineifandhowheadphoneusethreatenspedestriansafety.”Britishroadsafetygroupswarnedpedestrianstobecareful.FloorLieshout,directorofYouthForRoadSafety,said,“Thisstudyshowsoncemoretheimportanceofusingallofoursenseswhileweareneartraffic.Itisimportantthatwefindanattractivewaytomakeyouthlearnabouttherisksofwearingheadphonesintraffic.”AndrewHoward,whoistheheadofroadsafetyattheAutomobileAssociation,addedthatsomepedestrianscanbe“sofocusedintheirownlittleworldtheyforgettheworldgoingonaroundthem”．Thatcanincludeheadphonewearers,Howardsaid,butalsopeopletalkingonphones.However,Howardsaidthatmoreresearchneededtobedone.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatpeoplewearingheadphonesortalkingonphonescansuffer“inattentionalblindness”whichmakesthemisolated(孤立)fromtheworldaroundthem.IanHarvey,atthecharityCivicVoice,saidthat“todefeatisolationandtohelpbuildacivic(文明的)society,peopleneedtointeract(交往)witheachother”．Hesaid,“Abasisforanycivilisedsocietyiscommunication...Surfingtheweb,listeningtoMP3s,readingblogsorsendinge-mailisnotinteractingwithaperson;it'sinteractingwithamachine.”“Ifpeoplefeelsociallyisolated,theyneedtohavemoreface-to-faceinteractionswithotherhumanbeingsandintime,willbegintofeelhappierandmoreconnectedtotheworldandplacetheylivein.”語篇解讀：本文是新聞報道。戴耳機走路產(chǎn)生的交通安全問題引起了人們的重視。1．Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A．TrafficaccidentsintheUnitedStates.B．Recentresearchontheriskstopedestrians.C．Safetyproblemscausedbywearingheadphones.D．Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofheadphones.解析：選C主旨大意題。第一段交代了文章的主題——行人因為戴耳機而發(fā)生的交通事故逐年上升，接下來介紹了詳細的調(diào)查結(jié)果以及人們對這個問題主要討論的是戴耳機產(chǎn)生的安全問題。2．WecanlearnfromtheUS-basedstudythat________.A．mostvictimsareundereighteen的看法。由此可知，本文B．mostvictimsdiedintheaccidentsC．mostaccidentswerecausedbycarsD．mostaccidentshappenedinthecountryside解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。由第五段的“Eighty-oneofthe116accidents(70%)resultedintheperson'sdeath”可知，這個研究報告顯示，大3．WhatdoesFloorLieshoutprobablythinkofthestudy?A．It'svaluable.B．It'sunscientific.部分受害者在交通事故中死亡。C．It'sinteresting.D．It'ssurprising.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)FloorLieshout說的話“Thisstudyshowsoncemoretheimportanceofusingallofoursenseswhileweareneartraffic”可知，他認(rèn)為這項研究是有價值的。4．Howardwillprobablyagreethat________.A．itisdangeroustotalkonphoneswhilewalkingB．itissafeifyouwearheadphonesinaproperwayC．mostpeoplewearheadphonesbecauseoflonelinessD．peoplewearingheadphonesaremorelikelytogoblind解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)Howard所說的話“somepedestrianscanbe...talkingonphones”可推斷，Howard認(rèn)為走路打電話也是不安全的。Ⅴ.任務(wù)型閱讀IsDietingOKforKids?Youmayknowsomeadultsandkidswhoworryabouttheirweightandsaythey'regoingonadiet.Youmightwonderifyoushouldbeonadiet,too.1.________Why?Let'sfindout.DietingtoLoseWeight2．________Whensomeonedietstoloseweight,thepersonistryingtoeatfewercaloriesthantheb